UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16 OR 15D-16
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
24 March 2009
Barclays PLC
(Name of Registrant)
1 Churchill Place
London E14 5HP
England
(Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F x Form 40-F ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes ¨ No x
If Yes is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):
This Report on Form 6-K filed by Barclays PLC.
The Report comprises:
Information distributed to shareholders and furnished pursuant to General Instruction B to the General Instructions to Form 6-K.
EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT NUMBER |
DESCRIPTION | |
1 | Barclays PLC Notice of Annual General Meeting 2009 | |
2 | Barclays PLC Proxy Form for the Annual General Meeting 2009 | |
3 | Barclays PLC Sharestore Proxy Form for the Annual General Meeting 2009 | |
4 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorised.
BARCLAYS PLC | ||||
(Registrant) | ||||
Date: March 24, 2009 | By: | /s/ Marie Smith | ||
Name: | Marie Smith | |||
Title: | Assistant Secretary |
Barclays PLC
Notice of Meeting
Message from the Group Chairman
This years Annual General Meeting (the AGM) will be held on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, London. The Notice of Meeting is set out on pages 2 to 6.
I wrote to you on 18th November 2008 to advise that, in recognition of the extraordinary circumstances of the capital raising we undertook in late 2008, all members of the Board would exceptionally offer themselves for reelection at the AGM to be held in April 2009. The Notice of Meeting therefore includes resolutions seeking the re-election of each of the Directors, with the exception of Sir Nigel Rudd and Professor Dame Sandra Dawson, who have decided not to seek re-election. I would like to take this opportunity to thank Sir Nigel and Professor Dawson on behalf of the Board for their outstanding service to the Company over 13 and six years respectively and for the valuable contribution they have each made during their time in office. Biographical details for the Directors standing for re-election at this years AGM are included in this document. Simon Fraser will join the Board on 10th March 2009, subject to regulatory approvals, following an extensive and thorough search and selection process. Each of the other Directors standing for re-election at the AGM has been subject to a rigorous evaluation process, further details of which may be found in the 2008 Annual Report (which is available at www.barclays.com/annualreport08). Following this process, I can confirm that the Board considers the performance of each of those Directors standing for re-election at the AGM to be fully effective and they each demonstrate the commitment expected of a Barclays Director: they have had ample opportunity to demonstrate this during the past year. The Board has also concluded that the non-executive Directors standing for re-election are independent in terms of the criteria set out in the UK Combined Code on Corporate Governance.
The AGM is an important occasion for the Companys shareholders to express their views by attending, raising questions and voting and the Board welcomes your participation. If you would like to vote on the resolutions in the Notice of Meeting, but cannot come to the AGM, please fill in the Proxy Form sent to you with the Notice of Meeting and return it to our Registrars in the enclosed pre-paid envelope as soon as possible. They must receive it by 11.00am on 21st April 2009. You can also appoint a proxy to vote on your behalf online. You will need your Voting ID, Task ID and Shareholder or Sharestore Reference Number, which are shown on the Proxy Form, to access an online Proxy Form at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. CREST members may choose to use the CREST electronic proxy appointment service in accordance with the procedures set out in the notes on the Proxy Form.
The Board believes that all of the proposals set out in this Notice of Meeting are in the best interests of shareholders as a whole and the Company and unanimously recommends that you vote in favour of all the resolutions, as the Directors intend to do in respect of their own beneficial holdings.
Marcus Agius
Group Chairman Barclays PLC
The AGM is an important occasion for the Companys shareholders to express their views by attending, raising questions and voting and the Board welcomes your participation.
This document is important and requires your immediate attention
When considering what action you should take, you are recommended to seek your own personal financial advice immediately from your stockbroker, bank manager, solicitor, accountant or other professional adviser duly authorised under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. If you have sold or transferred all your shares in Barclays PLC please send this Notice of Meeting and the accompanying Proxy Form to the person you sold or transferred your shares to, or to the bank, stockbroker or other agent who arranged the sale or transfer for you.
Notice of Meeting
Notice is hereby given that the 2009 Annual General Meeting (the AGM) of Barclays PLC (the Company) will be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am to transact the following business: Resolutions
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions, with those numbered 1 to 22 being proposed as ordinary resolutions and resolutions numbered 23 to 25 as special resolutions.
Report and Accounts
1. That the Reports of the Directors and Auditors and the audited accounts of the Company for the year ended 31st December 2008, now laid before the meeting, be received.
The Directors are required by UK companies legislation to present to the AGM the Reports of the Directors and Auditors and the audited accounts of the Company for each financial year (in this case for the year ended 31st December 2008).
Remuneration report
2. That the Directors Remuneration Report for the year ended 31st December 2008, now laid before the meeting, be approved.
UK companies legislation requires listed companies to present to their AGM the Directors Remuneration Report (which appears in full in the 2008 Annual Report and in summary in the 2008 Annual Review).
Re-election of Director appointed since the last AGM
3. That Simon Frasera be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Simon has extensive experience of the institutional fund management industry, having worked at Fidelity International from 1981 to 2008, latterly as President of the Investment Solutions Group and President of the Retirement Institute. Simon held a number of positions during his career at Fidelity International, including President, European and UK Business, Global Chief Investment Officer, Chief Investment Officer for Asia Pacific and Chief Investment Officer of the European Investment Group.
Term of Office: Simon will join the Board on 10th March 2009, subject to regulatory approvals, as a non-executive Director.
Independent: Yes
External appointments: Non-executive Director, Fidelity European Values PLC and Fidelity Japanese Values PLC, Chairman of the Forum of European Asset Managers.
The Companys Articles of Association and provision A.7.1 of the
UK Combined Code on Corporate Governance (the Combined Code) provide that any new Director appointed by the Board during the year may hold office only until the next AGM, when that Director must stand for re-election by the shareholders. Simon Fraser, who will join the Board with effect from 10th March 2009, subject to regulatory approvals, is accordingly seeking re-election.
Re-election of Directors
4. That Marcus Agiusb be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Marcus has an extensive background in banking, having worked at Lazard from 1972 to 2006. He also has experience of chairing large organisations, including BAA plc and Lazard in London. Marcus is Senior Independent Director of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).
Term of office Marcus joined the Board in September 2006 as a non-executive Director and was appointed Group Chairman on 1st January 2007. Marcus was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007, following his appointment. Independent On appointment External appointments Senior Independent Director of the BBC since 2006. Trustee to the Board of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Chairman of The Foundation and Friends of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Chairman of Lazard in London and Deputy Chairman of Lazard LLC until 2006. Chairman of BAA plc until 2006.
Committee membership Chairman of the Board Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee since January 2007. Member of the Board HR and Remuneration Committee since January 2007.
5. That David Boothc be re-elected a Director of the Company.
David currently manages his own venture capital investments, having retired from the Management Committee of Morgan Stanley in 1997. David was employed by Morgan Stanley from 1982 to 1992, and again from 1995 to 1997. He held various positions there, including Head of Government Bond Trading, Head of Mortgage Trading, Sales and Finance and Head of Global Operations and Technology.
Term of office David joined the Board in May 2007. David was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2008, following his appointment.
Independent Yes
External appointments Director of East Ferry Investors, Inc., Trustee of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Chair of the Brooklyn Botanic
Garden Investment Committee. Various positions at Morgan Stanley & Co. until 1997. Discount Corporation of New York until 1993.
Committee membership Member of the Board Risk Committee since January 2008.
6. That Sir Richard Broadbentd be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Sir Richard has experience of both the private and public sector having worked in high-level banking roles and the Civil Service. He was the Executive Chairman of HM Customs and Excise from 2000 to 2003 and was formerly a member of the Group Executive Committee of Schroders PLC and a non-executive Director of the Securities Institute. Sir Richard is Chairman of Arriva PLC.
Term of office Sir Richard joined the Board in September 2003 and was appointed Senior Independent Director on 1st September 2004. Sir Richard was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2006.
Independent Yes
External appointments Chairman of Arriva PLC since 2004. Executive Chairman of HM Customs and Excise until 2003. Former Group Executive Committee member of Schroders PLC. Non-executive Director of the Securities Institute until 1995.
Committee membership Chairman of the Board Risk Committee since January 2006 (member since April 2004). Chairman of the Board HR and Remuneration Committee since January 2007 (member since April 2004). Member of the Board Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee since September 2004.
7. That Richard Leigh Clifford, AOe be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Leigh is Chairman of Qantas Airways Limited. He previously worked for the Rio Tinto Group, where he was a Director of Rio Tinto PLC from 1994 and Rio Tinto Limited from 1995 and was Chief Executive of the Rio Tinto Group from 2000 until 2007.
Term of office Leigh joined the Board in October 2004. Leigh was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007.
Independent Yes
External appointments Chairman of Qantas Airways Limited since November 2007. Member of the Bechtel Board of Counsellors since May 2007. Senior Adviser to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co since January 2009. Director of the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute. Board Member of the National Gallery of Victoria Foundation. Chief Executive of Rio Tinto until 2007. Director of Freeport-McMoran Copper & Gold Inc. until 2004.
Committee membership Member of the Board HR and Remuneration Committee since July 2005. Member of the Barclays Asia Pacific Advisory Committee.
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2 Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport/08
8. That Fulvio Contif be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Fulvio is currently Chief Executive Officer and General Manager of Enel SpA, the Italian energy group, where he was previously Chief Financial Officer from 1999-2005. Fulvio has held a number of high-level financial roles, including Chief Financial Officer and General Manager of Telecom Italia and General Manager and Chief Financial Officer of Ferrovie dello Stato, the Italian national railway. He was also head of the accounting, finance and control department of Montecatini and was in charge of finance at Montedison-Compart, overseeing the financial restructuring of the group. He has held positions in finance and operations in various affiliates of Mobil Oil Corporation in Italy and Europe. Term of office Fulvio joined the Board in April 2006. Fulvio was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2008.
Independent Yes
External appointments Chief Executive of Enel SpA since 2005. Director of AON Corporation since January 2008. Chief Financial Officer and General Manager of Telecom Italia until 1999. General Manager and Chief Financial Officer of Ferrovie dello Stato until 1998.
Committee membership Member of the Board Audit Committee since September 2006.
9. That Robert E Diamond Jrg be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Bob is responsible for the Investment Banking and Investment Management business of the Barclays Group, comprising of Barclays Capital, Barclays Global Investors and Barclays Wealth. He previously worked for Morgan Stanley and CS First Boston, where he was Vice-Chairman and Head of Global Fixed Income and Foreign Exchange.
Term of office Bob was appointed President of Barclays PLC and became an executive Director in June 2005. He has been a member of the Barclays Executive Committee since September 1997. Bob was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2006, following his appointment.
External appointments Chairman of Old Vic Productions PLC since September 2007.
10. That Sir Andrew Likiermanh be re-elected a Director of the Company. Sir Andrew is Chairman of the National Audit Office, having held a number of public roles in the financial services sector, including Managing Director, Financial Management, Reporting and Audit and Head of the Government Accountancy Service at HM Treasury and non-executive Director of the Bank of England. Sir Andrew is also Dean of the London Business School where he was previously Professor of Management Practice in Accounting. He has been at the London Business School from 1974-1976, 1979-1993 and since 2004. Term of office Sir Andrew joined the Board in September 2004. Sir Andrew was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007.
Independent Yes
External appointments Dean of the London Business School since January 2009. Chairman of the National Audit Office since December 2008. Director of the Institute for Government since September 2008. Chairman of Applied Intellectual Capital Inc. until 2008. Non-executive Director of the Bank of England until 2008. Non-executive Director and Vice-Chairman of the Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust until 2008. Non-executive Director and Chairman of the MORI Group until 2005. Managing Director, Financial Management, Reporting and Audit and Head of the Government Accountancy Service at HM Treasury until 2004.
Committee membership Member of the Board Audit Committee since
September 2004. Member of the Board Risk Committee since September 2004. 11. That Christopher Lucasi be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Chris has worked across financial services for most of his career, including three years in New York as Head of the US Banking Audit Practice of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Chris joined Barclays from
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, where he was UK Head of Financial Services and Global Head of Banking and Capital Markets. He was Global Relationship Partner for Barclays for the 1999-2004 financial years and subsequently held similar roles for other global financial services organisations.
Term of office Chris was appointed Group Finance Director and became a member of the Executive Committee in April 2007. Chris was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007, following his appointment.
External appointments UK Head of Financial Services and Global Head of Banking and Capital Markets of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP until 2006. 12. That Sir Michael Rakej be re-elected a Director of the Company. Sir Michael is currently Chairman of BT Group PLC and Chairman of the UK Commission for Employment and Skills. Sir Michael previously worked at KPMG from 1974-2007 where he worked for a number of years in Continental Europe and the Middle East. He was Senior Partner of the UK firm from 1998-2000 and Chairman of KPMG International from 2002-2007.
Term of office Sir Michael joined the Board in January 2008. Sir Michael was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2008, following his appointment. Independent Yes External appointments Chairman of BT Group PLC since 2007. Director of the Financial Reporting Council since 2007. Chairman of the UK Commission for Employment and Skills since 2007. Director of the McGraw-Hill Companies since 2007. Chairman of KPMG International until 2007. Chairman of Business in the Community in 2004 until 2007.
Committee membership Member of the Board Audit Committee since January 2008. He will succeed Stephen Russell as Chairman of the Board Audit Committee in March 2009.
13. That Stephen Russellk be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Stephen was Chief Executive of Boots Group PLC from 2000 until 2003, having worked for Boots since 1967. He has held a number of non-executive positions and is currently a non-executive Director of Network Rail and Network Rail Infrastructure Limited. He is a trustee of St. Johns Ambulance and Tommys the Baby Charity, is on the Council of Nottingham University and is Chairman of Business Control Solutions Group.
Term of office Stephen joined the Board in October 2000 on completion of the acquisition of Woolwich PLC. Stephen was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007.
Independent Yes
External appointments Non-executive Director of Network Rail since September 2007. Trustee of St Johns Ambulance since 2005. Chairman of Business Control Solutions Group since 2005. Trustee of Tommys the Baby Charity since 2003. Member of the Council of Nottingham University since 2003. Chief Executive of Boots Group PLC until 2003.
Committee membership Chairman of the Board Audit Committee since April 2003 (member since October 2000). He will be succeeded by Sir Michael Rake as Chairman of the Board Audit Committee in March 2009. Member of the Board Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee since September 2004. Member of the Board Risk Committee since October 2001 (Chairman from September 2004-December 2005).
14. That Frederik Seegersl be re-elected a Director of the Company.
Frits is responsible for the Global Retail and Commercial Banking business of the Barclays Group, which includes UK Retail Banking, Barclays Commercial Bank, Barclaycard, GRCB Western Europe, GRCB Emerging Markets and GRCB Absa. Frits joined Barclays from Citigroup where he held a number of senior positions over the 17 years he worked there. Most recently, he was CEO Global Consumer Group with a remit covering all retail operations in Europe, the
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Middle East and Africa. He was also a member of the Citigroup Operating Committee and the Citigroup Management Committee. He was CEO of Consumer Banking for Asia Pacific, covering 11 consumer markets, between 2001 and 2004. Under his leadership, this region was the fastest growing part of Citigroup. Frits was a non-executive Director of Absa Group Limited from 2006 until February 2009.
Term of office Frits joined the Board and the Executive Committee in July 2006. Frits was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007, following his appointment.
External appointments Chief Executive Officer of Citigroup International PLC until 2006.
15. That Sir John Sunderlandm be re-elected a Director of the Company. Sir John was Chairman of Cadbury Schweppes PLC until July 2008 having worked at Cadburys in various roles, including that of Chief Executive, since 1968. He is Deputy President of the Chartered Management Institute, a Director of the Financial Reporting Council, an Adviser to CVC Capital Partners, an Association Member of BUPA and a Governor of both Reading and Aston University Councils.
Term of office Sir John joined the Board in June 2005. Sir John was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2008.
Independent Yes
External appointments Deputy President of the Chartered Management Institute since 2008 (President 2007-2008). Director of the Financial Reporting Council since 2004. Adviser to CVC Capital Partners. Association Member of BUPA. Governor, Aston University Council. Governor, Reading University Council. Chairman of Cadbury Schweppes PLC until July 2008. Deputy President of the CBI to June 2008 (member since 2003 and President until December 2006). President of ISBA (the Incorporated Society of British Advertisers) until 2005. President of the Food and Drink Federation until 2005. Non-executive Director of the Rank Group PLC until 2006. Former Advisory Board Member of Trinsum Group.
Committee membership Member of the Board Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee since September 2006. Member of the Board HR and Remuneration Committee since July 2005.
16. That John Varleyn be re-elected a Director of the Company. John was appointed Group Chief Executive of Barclays on 1st September 2004, prior to which he had been Group Deputy Chief Executive from 1st January 2004. He joined Barclays in 1982 and has held various positions across the Group, including the position of Group Finance Director from 2000 until the end of 2003. He was Chief Executive of Retail Financial Services from 1998 to 2000 and Chairman of the Asset Management Division from 1995 to 1998. John is a non-executive Director of AstraZeneca PLC. He is also Chairman of Business Action on Homelessness, President of the Employers Forum on Disability, Honorary President of the UK Drug Policy Commission and a member of the International Advisory Panel of the Monetary Authority of Singapore.
Term of office John joined the Executive Committee in September 1996 and was appointed to the Board in June 1998. John was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2007.
External appointments Non-executive Director of AstraZeneca PLC since 2006. Non-executive Director of British Grolux Investments Limited since 1999. Chairman of Business Action on Homelessness since 2006. President of the Employers Forum on Disability since 2005. Honorary President of the UK Drug Policy Commission since 2007. Member of the International Advisory Panel of the Monetary Authority of Singapore since 2006.
17. That Patience Wheatcrofto be re-elected a Director of the Company. Patience was an established financial journalist and national newspaper editor, having worked as Editor of the Sunday Telegraph from 2006 to 2007 and Business and City Editor of The Times from 1997-2006. She is a non-executive
Director of Shaftesbury PLC, a member of the UK/India Round Table and a member of the British Olympic Association Advisory Board. She is also a member of the Council of the Royal Albert Hall and Chair of the Forensic Audit Panel. Term of office Patience joined the Board in January 2008. Patience was last re-elected by shareholders at the AGM in 2008 following her appointment.
Independent Yes
External appointments Non-executive Director of Shaftesbury PLC since 2008. Member of the UK/India Round Table. Member of the British Olympic Association Advisory Board since 2007. Member of the Council of the Royal Albert Hall. Chair of the Forensic Audit Panel since 2008. Editor of the Sunday Telegraph until 2007. Business and City Editor of The Times until 2006.
Committee membership Member of the Barclays Brand and Reputation Committee.
The Companys Articles of Association require one-third (rounded down) of the Directors, excluding those who were appointed by the Board since the last AGM, to retire in turn each year. However, in recognition of the extraordinary circumstances of the capital raising announced on 31st October 2008 (the Capital Raising), the Board announced on 18th November 2008 that all members of the Board would exceptionally offer themselves for re-election at this years AGM. Resolutions 4 to 17 propose the re-election of each of the current Directors, with the exception of Sir Nigel Rudd and Professor Dame Sandra Dawson, who are not seeking re-election and who will both retire at the conclusion of the AGM.
Reappointment of auditors
18. That PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors, be reappointed as auditors of the Company to hold office from the conclusion of this meeting until the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting at which accounts are laid before the Company.
UK companies legislation requires that auditors are reappointed at each AGM at which accounts are presented. The Board, on the unanimous recommendation of the Board Audit Committee, which has evaluated the effectiveness and independence of the external auditors, is proposing the reappointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
Auditors remuneration
19. That the Directors be authorised to set the remuneration of the auditors. The Directors may set the remuneration of the auditors if authorised to do so by the shareholders. This resolution proposes that the Directors be authorised to set the remuneration of the auditors. Details of the remuneration paid to the external auditors for 2008 and details of how the Group monitors the effectiveness and independence of the external auditors may be found in the Annual Report.
Political Donations
20. That, in accordance with section 366 of the Companies Act 2006 (the 2006 Act) the Company and any company which, at any time during the period for which this resolution has effect, is a subsidiary of the Company, be and are hereby authorised to: (a) make political donations to political organisations not exceeding £25,000 in total; and (b) incur political expenditure not exceeding £100,000 in total, in each case during the period commencing on the date of this resolution and ending on the date of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2010 or on 30th June 2010, whichever is the earlier, provided that the maximum amounts referred to in (a) and (b) may consist of sums in any currency converted into sterling at such rate as the Board may in its absolute discretion determine. For the purposes of this resolution, the terms political donations, political organisations and political expenditure shall have the meanings given to them in sections 363 to 365 of the 2006 Act.
Notes
a Entitlements under CREST
Pursuant to Regulation 41 of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 the Company specifies that only those holders of shares registered in the register of members at 6.00pm on 21st April 2009 shall be entitled to attend or vote at the meeting in respect of the number of shares registered in their name at that time. Changes to entries on the register after 6.00pm on 21st April 2009 shall be disregarded in determining the right of any person to attend or vote at the meeting.
b Appointing a proxy
A shareholder who is entitled to attend, speak and vote at the meeting is entitled to appoint one or more people (called proxies) to attend, speak and vote on his/her behalf. If more than one proxy is appointed, each proxy must be appointed to exercise the rights attached to different shares. They need not be Barclays shareholders.
c Corporate representatives
Corporate shareholders are encouraged to appoint a proxy or multiple proxies in preference to appointing corporate representatives given the uncertainty arising from the provisions in the Companies Act 2006 regarding the validity of votes cast by multiple corporate representatives. However, where corporate shareholders have appointed multiple corporate representatives, the Company intends to follow the guidance issued by the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators (ICSA), as described below: In order to facilitate voting by corporate representatives at the meeting, arrangements will be put in place at the meeting so that: (i) if a corporate shareholder has appointed the Chairman of the meeting as its corporate representative with instructions to vote on a poll in accordance with the directions of all of the other corporate representatives for that shareholder at the meeting, then on a poll those corporate representatives will give voting directions to the Chairman and the Chairman will vote (or withhold a vote) as corporate representative in accordance with those directions. Voting cards will be made available to corporate representatives at the meeting; and (ii) if more than one corporate representative for the same corporate shareholder attends the meeting but the corporate shareholder has not appointed the Chairman of the meeting as its corporate representative, a designated corporate representative will be nominated, from those corporate representatives who attend the meeting, and will vote on a poll. The other corporate representatives will give voting directions to that
4 Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport/08
The 2006 Act requires companies to obtain shareholder approval before they can make political donations to EU political organisations or incur EU political expenditure. We do not give any money for political purposes in the UK nor do we make any donations to EU political organisations or incur EU political expenditure. However, the definitions of political donations and political expenditure used in the 2006 Act are very wide. As a result, they may cover activities that form part of relationships that are an accepted part of engaging with our stakeholders to ensure that issues and concerns affecting our operations are considered and addressed, but which would not be considered as political donations or political expenditure in the laymans sense. The activities referred to above are not designed to support any political party nor to influence public support for any political party. The authority which the Board is requesting is similar to the authority given by shareholders at the AGM in 2008 and is a precautionary measure to ensure that the Group does not inadvertently breach the 2006 Act.
Increase in authorised share capital
21. That the authorised ordinary share capital of the Company be and is hereby increased from £3,499,000,000 to £5,249,000,000 by the creation of 7,000,000,000 new ordinary shares of 25 pence each in the Company.
This resolution is to authorise the creation of new ordinary shares of the Company. This number of new ordinary shares represents an increase of approximately 50% of the existing authorised ordinary share capital of the Company. The purpose of the increase in authorised ordinary share capital is primarily to allow the Company to retain sufficient authorised, but unissued, ordinary share capital for general purposes, particularly in view of the authority sought under resolution 22 to allot an amount approximately equal to two- thirds of the Companys issued share capital in conformity with the revised Association of British Insurers (ABI) guidelines, also bearing in mind the ordinary shares already committed to be issued as part of the Capital Raising.
Authority to allot securities
22. That, in substitution for all existing authorities, the Directors be generally and unconditionally authorised to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot:
a) relevant securities (as defined in the Companies Act 1985) up to an aggregate nominal amount of £738,016,774, $77,500,000, 40,000,000 and ¥4,000,000,000; and
b) relevant securities comprising equity securities (as defined in the Companies Act 1985) up to an aggregate nominal amount of £1,396,033,549 (such amount to be reduced by the aggregate nominal amount of relevant securities issued under paragraph (a) of this resolution 22 in connection with an offer by way of a rights issue):
i) to ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as may be practicable) to their existing holdings; and
ii) to holders of other equity securities as required by the rights of those securities or, subject to such rights, as the Directors otherwise consider necessary,
and so that the Directors may impose any limits or restrictions and make any arrangements which they consider necessary or appropriate to deal with treasury shares, fractional entitlements, record dates, legal, regulatory or practical problems in, or under the laws of, any territory or any other matter, such authorities to apply until the end of the Companys next Annual General Meeting after this resolution is passed (or, if earlier, until the close of business on 30th June 2010) but, in each case, so that the Company may make offers and enter into agreements before the authority expires which would, or might, require relevant securities to be allotted after the authority expires and the Directors may allot relevant securities under any such offer or agreement as if the authority had not expired.
The effect of this resolution is to give the Directors authority to allot, in addition to £40,000,000 of sterling preference shares and other denominations of preference shares created in 2008, ordinary shares up to an amount approximately equal to two-thirds of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company as at 27th February 2009 (excluding treasury shares) in certain circumstances. As at 27th February 2009, the Company does not hold any treasury shares. This authority would remain in force until the AGM in 2010 or 30th June 2010, whichever is the earlier. At previous AGMs, the Company has sought authority to allot up to one-third of its then issued ordinary share capital. In December 2008 the ABI issued new guidance on the approval of authorities to allot shares, in which it stated that, in addition to requests for authorisation to allot new shares in an amount up to one-third of the existing issued ordinary share capital of a company, it would regard as routine requests to authorise the allotment of a further one-third in connection with a rights issue. In light of this, paragraph b) of resolution 22 proposes that a further authority be conferred on the Directors to allot unissued ordinary shares in connection with a rights issue in favour of holders of equity securities (which would include ordinary shareholders) as required by the rights of those securities or as the Directors may otherwise consider necessary, up to a maximum aggregate nominal amount of £1,396,033,549 (such amount to be reduced by the nominal amount of any relevant securities issued under the authority conferred by paragraph a) of resolution 22).
In the event that this further authority is exercised, the Directors intend to follow emerging best practice as regards its use (including as to the requirement for Directors to stand for re-election) as recommended by the ABI.
The Board has no current plans to make use of this authority but wishes to ensure that the Company has maximum flexibility in managing the Groups capital resources.
Authority to allot equity securities for cash other than on a pro-rata basis to shareholders
23. That, in substitution for all existing powers and subject to the passing of resolution 22, the Directors be generally empowered to allot equity securities (as defined in the Companies Act 1985) for cash pursuant to the authority granted by resolution 22 and/or where the allotment constitutes an allotment of equity securities by virtue of section 94(3A) of the Companies Act 1985, in each case free of the restriction in section 89(1) of the Companies Act 1985, such power to be limited:
a) to the allotment of equity securities in connection with an offer of equity securities (but in the case of an allotment pursuant to the authority granted by paragraph b) of resolution 22, such power shall be limited to the allotment of equity securities in connection with an offer by way of a rights issue only):
i) to ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly as may be practicable) to their existing holdings; and
ii) to holders of other equity securities, as required by the rights of those securities or, subject to such rights, as the Directors otherwise consider necessary, and so that the Directors may impose any limits or restrictions and make any arrangements which they consider necessary or appropriate to deal with treasury shares, fractional entitlements, record dates, legal, regulatory or practical problems in, or under the laws of, any territory or any other matter; and
b) to the allotment of equity securities pursuant to the authority granted by paragraph a) of resolution 22 and/or an allotment which constitutes an allotment of equity securities by virtue of section 94(3A) of the Companies Act 1985 (in each case otherwise than in the circumstances set out in paragraph a) of this resolution 23) up to a nominal amount of designated corporate representative. In accordance with ICSAs guidance, the designated corporate representatives shall be the first of the corporate representatives to have registered his/her attendance at the meeting. Voting cards will be made available to corporate representatives at the meeting.
d Persons nominated by shareholders
The right to appoint a proxy does not apply to persons whose shares are held on their behalf by another person and who have been nominated to receive communications from the Company in accordance with section 146 of the Companies Act 2006 (nominated persons). Nominated persons may have a right under an agreement with the registered shareholder who holds the shares on their behalf to be appointed (or to have someone else appointed) as a proxy. Alternatively, if nominated persons do not have such a right, or do not wish to exercise it, they may have a right under such an agreement to give instructions to the person holding the shares as to the exercise of voting rights.
e Documents available for inspection
The following documents, which are available for inspection during usual business hours on any weekday (Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays excluded) at the Companys registered office, 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP, will also be available for inspection at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre from 10.30am on 23rd April 2009 until the end of the meeting: (i) copies of the executive Directors service contracts; (ii) copies of the non-executive
Directors letters of appointment.
f Total shares and voting rights
As at 27th February 2009 (being the latest practicable date before publication of this document) the Companys issued share capital comprised 8,376,201,298 ordinary shares of 25 pence each. Each ordinary share carries the right to vote at a general meeting of the Company and, therefore, the total number of voting rights in the Company as at 27th February 2009 was 8,376,201,298.
g Electronic communication
You may not use any electronic address provided in either this Notice of Meeting or any related documents (including the Proxy Form) to communicate with the Company for any purposes other than those expressly stated.
Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 5
£104,702,516 calculated, in the case of equity securities which are rights to subscribe for, or to convert securities into, relevant shares (as defined in the Companies Act 1985) by reference to the aggregate nominal amount of relevant shares which may be allotted pursuant to such rights, such power to apply until the end of the Companys next Annual General Meeting after this resolution is passed (or, if earlier, until the close of business on 30th June 2010) but so that the Company may make offers and enter into agreements before the power expires which would, or might, require equity securities to be allotted after the power expires and the Directors may allot equity securities under any such offer or agreement as if the power had not expired. The effect of this resolution is to give to the Directors authority to allot equity securities (or sell treasury shares) on a non pre-emptive basis a) (i) to ordinary shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings, (ii) to holders of other equity securities as required by, or subject to (as the Directors consider necessary), the rights of those securities, or b) for cash up to an amount representing approximately 5% of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company as at 27th February 2009. This authority would remain in force until the AGM in 2010 or 30th June 2010, whichever is the earlier. The Board seeks annual renewal of this authority in accordance with best practice. The Board has no current plans to make use of this authority but wishes to ensure that the Company has maximum flexibility in managing the Groups capital resources. As announced on 7th November 2008, for the next two years, the Company will structure any new offer of equity securities for the purpose of raising new capital so as to give its then shareholders full rights of participation. The exceptions are any issue of equity securities in connection with employee remuneration arrangements or any acquisition of another entity or business or in satisfaction of pre-existing contractual obligations under the Groups existing tier one capital instruments. The Company does not intend to issue more than 7.5% of its issued ordinary share capital on a non pre-emptive basis in any three year period.
Purchase of own Shares
24. That the Company be authorised generally and unconditionally to make market purchases (within the meaning of section 163(3) of the Companies Act 1985) on the London Stock Exchange of up to an aggregate of 837,620,130 ordinary shares of 25p each in its capital, and may hold such shares as treasury shares, provided that: (a) the minimum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is not less than 25p; (b) the maximum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share shall not be more than the higher of (i) 105% of the average of the market values of the ordinary shares (as derived from the Daily Official List of the London Stock Exchange) for the five business days immediately preceding the date on which the purchase is made and (ii) that stipulated by Article 5(1) of the Buy-back and Stabilisation Regulation (EC 2273/2003); and (c) the authority conferred by this resolution shall expire on the date of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2010 or on 30th June 2010, whichever is the earlier (except in relation to any purchase of shares the contract for which was concluded before such date and which would or might be executed wholly or partly after such date).
This resolution would enable the Company to purchase up to a maximum of 837,620,130 of its ordinary shares. This is less than 10% of the issued share capital as at 27th February 2009 (excluding treasury shares). The total number of ordinary shares that may be issued on the exercise of outstanding options as at 27th February 2009 is 114,027,712 which represents approximately 1.4% of the issued share capital at that date (excluding treasury shares). As at 27th February 2009 there are 1,516,875,236 warrants over ordinary shares outstanding and 2,640,889,640 ordinary shares remaining to be issued on conversion of the Mandatorily Convertible Notes issued by Barclays Bank PLC which represent 49.6% of the issued share capital of the Company at that date. If the Company were to purchase shares up to the maximum permitted by this resolution, the proportion of ordinary shares subject to outstanding options would represent approximately 1.5% of the issued share capital as at 27th February 2009 (excluding treasury shares) and the proportion of ordinary shares to be issued on exercise or conversion of the warrants and Mandatorily Convertible Notes would represent approximately 55.2%. The Board considers it desirable for the general authority proposed above to be available to provide maximum flexibility in the management of the Groups capital resources. The Board would use such authority only if satisfied at the time that to do so would be in the interests of shareholders and would lead to an increase in the Groups earnings per share. Under UK companies legislation, the Company may hold any shares bought back in treasury, which may then either be sold for cash, transferred for the purposes of an employees share scheme (subject, if necessary, to approval by shareholders at a general meeting) or cancelled. The Company therefore has the choice of either cancelling or holding in treasury any of its shares which it purchases. If the Company buys any of its shares under the authority given by this resolution, the Board will decide at the time of purchase whether to cancel them immediately or to hold them in treasury. In relation to treasury shares, the Board would also have regard to any investor guidelines in relation to the purchase of shares intended to be held in treasury or in relation to their holding or resale which may be in force at the time of any such purchase, holding or resale.
General Meetings
25. That the Directors be authorised to call general meetings (other than an Annual General Meeting) on not less than 14 clear days notice, such authority to expire on the date of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2010 or on 30th June 2010, whichever is the earlier. The Companies Act 2006 enables listed companies to call a general meeting (other than an AGM) on 14 clear days notice. The EU Shareholder Rights Directive, however, requires listed companies to call such general meetings on at least 21 clear days notice unless shareholders have previously approved the calling of general meetings at shorter notice. The deadline for implementing the EU Shareholder Rights Directive in the UK is 3rd August 2009.
Barclays wishes to retain the option of calling general meetings on 14 clear days notice, as we do now. The effect of this resolution therefore is to give the Directors the power to call general meetings on a notice period of not less than 14 clear days, notwithstanding the forthcoming change in the law. If possible a longer notice period will be given. The resolution is valid up to the next AGM and it is our intention to renew the authority at each AGM.
From 3rd August 2009, the Company will need to ensure that it offers the facility for shareholders to vote by electronic means accessible to all shareholders if it is to call meetings on 14 clear days notice. The Company already provides the ability to appoint proxies electronically through CREST and shareholders can also vote online at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. However, if something further is needed to fulfil this requirement, we will inform shareholders.
By order of the Board
Lawrence Dickinson
Company Secretary 5th March 2009
1 Churchill Place London E14 5HP
Registered in England, Company No. 48839
6 Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport/08
Questions and Answers
Who is entitled to vote?
Shareholders who want to attend and vote at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) must be entered on the Companys register of members by no later than 6.00pm on 21st April 2009. This time will still apply for the purpose of determining who is entitled to attend and vote if the AGM is adjourned from the scheduled time by 48 hours or less. If the AGM is adjourned for longer, members who wish to attend and vote must be on the Companys register of members by 6.00pm two days before the time fixed for the adjourned AGM.
How do I vote?
Voting on resolutions at the AGM will be by poll. That means that you will be asked to complete a Poll Card if you attend in person. We believe that a poll is the best way of representing the views of as many shareholders as possible in the voting process. There are three ways in which you can vote:
You can vote in person at the AGM; or
You can appoint a proxy electronically to vote on your behalf; or
You can sign the enclosed Proxy Form appointing the Chairman or some other person to vote for you.
If you vote by Proxy Form, you should return your form to the Registrar in the enclosed pre-paid envelope so that it is received by no later than 11.00am on 21st April 2009. You will find details below of how to withdraw your proxy if you change your mind.
What if I plan to attend the AGM and vote in person?
If you want to vote in person at the AGM there is no need to complete the Proxy Form. Attached to the Proxy Form is a Poll Card for use by those attending the AGM. You should bring the Poll Card with you to the meeting.
If my shares are held in Barclays Sharestore how do I vote?
All Sharestore members can elect to attend, speak and vote at the AGM. If you are a Sharestore member and do not want to attend but do want to vote, you must return the enclosed Proxy Form so that Equiniti Corporate Nominees Limited can appoint whichever person you name on the Proxy Form, to attend and vote on your behalf. If you return the Proxy Form but do not insert the name of your proxy then the Chairman of the meeting will vote on your behalf.
I have been nominated by a shareholder to enjoy information rights, can I vote at the meeting?
No. If you are not a shareholder you do not have a right to vote or to appoint a proxy. However, the agreement that you have with the person who nominated you to enjoy information rights may give you the right to be appointed as their proxy, or to have someone else appointed as a proxy for the AGM and to attend, speak and vote on their behalf. If you have any questions you should contact the registered shareholder (the custodian or broker) who looks after your investment on your behalf.
How will my shares be voted if I appoint a proxy?
The person you name on your Proxy Form must vote in accordance with your instructions. If you do not give them any instructions, a proxy may vote or not vote as he or she sees fit on any business of the AGM. Please see the explanatory notes on your Proxy Form.
Can I appoint anyone to be a proxy?
Yes. You can appoint your own choice of proxy or you can appoint the
Chairman as your proxy. Your proxy does not need to be a Barclays shareholder.
Can I appoint more than one proxy?
Yes. You may appoint more than one proxy, provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different shares. You may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to the same share. To appoint more than one proxy you should photocopy the Proxy Form and indicate in the box that this is one of multiple instructions.
Can I change my mind once I have appointed a proxy?
Yes. If you change your mind, you can send a written statement to that effect to the Registrar. The statement must arrive with the Registrar by
11.00am on 21st April 2009, or you should bring it along to the AGM.
If you hold your shares in Barclays Sharestore, your statement must be received by the Registrar by 11.00am on 21st April 2009. If you have returned the Proxy Form to appoint someone as your proxy and have changed your mind your new instruction must be received by the Registrar by no later than 11.00am on 21st April 2009.
How are the votes counted?
Each of the resolutions set out in the Notice of Meeting will be voted upon on a poll. The passing of resolutions 1 to 22 are determined by a majority of votes. Resolutions 23 to 25 are being proposed as special resolutions and will therefore require a 75% majority of votes cast for them to be passed.
Our Registrar counts the proxy votes received before the AGM and then counts the votes cast at the AGM itself. An independent third party, Electoral Reform Services, has been appointed by Barclays to monitor the shareholder voting process.
When will the results of the voting be declared?
The preliminary results of voting on the resolutions to be proposed at the AGM will be displayed in the meeting room shortly after the AGM. The final results will be announced to the London Stock Exchange and will appear on our website at www.barclays.com/investorrelations.
I am a corporate shareholder what do I need to do to attend the AGM?
Representatives of shareholders that are corporations will have to produce evidence of their proper appointment when attending the AGM. Please contact our Registrar if you need further guidance on this.
Can I ask a question at the AGM?
Yes, although questions should only be asked relating to the business of the AGM. If you would like to ask a question at the AGM, you can register your question at the Question Registration Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge before the AGM starts. You can also register your question in the meeting room once the AGM has started. Shareholders who are unable to attend the meeting still have the opportunity to submit a question to the Board by writing to the Company Secretary at Barclays PLC, 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP or emailing privateshareholderrelations@barclays.com. These questions will be answered at the meeting and a summary of the questions asked at the AGM will be available on the Barclays website at www.barclays.com/investorrelations.
Please try to keep your questions short and relevant to the business of the AGM. We want all shareholders to have the opportunity to ask questions. Customer issues If you would like to ask a question about a personal matter at the AGM you should go to the Customer Relations Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge. This is staffed by Senior Customer Relations personnel. All questions raised will be reviewed by the Chairman after the AGM and a reply will be sent out within 14 days.
Personal shareholding
If you would like to ask a question about your personal shareholding you should go to the Shareholder Enquiry Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge. This is staffed by the Registrar and Barclays Stockbrokers and will be open both before and after the AGM.
Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 7
Additional information for shareholders attending the Annual General Meeting
Venue
The AGM will be held in the Fleming Room on the third floor of The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE. A map showing the location of the venue can be found on the enclosed Attendance Card. The AGM will start promptly at 11.00am. You should allow 15 to 20 minutes for security and registration formalities.
Security
For safety reasons, security checks will be carried out on entry to the venue. You will be asked to leave large bags in the cloakroom and small bags may be searched. No cameras, video recorders or tape recorders should be taken into the AGM. Mobile phones and other electronic communication devices should be turned off.
Cloakrooms
Cloakroom facilities, for the storage of coats, large bags, etc., are located at the rear of the ground floor foyer.
Lifts
Barclays staff will be on hand to guide you to the lifts to the third floor.
Registration
Attendance Cards should be presented to the Registrars staff, who will be available as you arrive at the venue. Corporate representatives, proxies and guests and BarclayShare clients should register at the relevant registration desks, which are clearly signposted on the ground floor.
Persons with disabilities
The venue has full wheelchair access. If you are hard of hearing, there will be facilities available in the meeting room, including an induction loop system. The AGM will also be signed. An audio cassette and a CD containing extracts from the 2008 Annual Review is available, free of charge, either on request in writing to the Registrar or at the AGM.
First aid
First aid facilities will be available. Please approach any member of Barclays staff.
Refreshments
Tea and coffee will be available before the AGM. After the business of the AGM has been concluded, light refreshments will be available in the Benjamin Britten Lounge, which is next to the Meeting Room on the third floor.
AGM schedule
23rd April 2009 10.00am
Registration desks open.
Tea and coffee available in the Benjamin Britten Lounge. Q&A registration opens.
11.00am
The AGM starts in the Fleming Room.
1.00pm (approximately)
Light refreshments available in the Benjamin Britten Lounge.
The results of the polls are expected to be released to the London Stock Exchange on 23rd April 2009.
Printed on Revive 100 Offset made from 100% FSC certified recycled fibre sourced from de-inked post-consumer waste. The printer and manufacturing mill are both credited with ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Standard and both are FSC certified.
9910117 www.barclays.com/annualreport08
8 Barclays PLC Notice of Meeting 2009 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport/08
Barclays PLC Proxy Form for the Annual General Meeting
to be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am
+ Voting ID: Task ID: Shareholder Reference Number: +
You can vote your Barclays shares by completing and sending this form back in the enclosed pre-paid envelope, or you can vote online at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. Before completing this form please read the explanatory notes on the back of the form.
I/We hereby appoint the Chairman of the meeting, or as my/our proxy to attend and vote on my/our behalf at the Annual General Meeting of Barclays PLC (the Company) to be held on Thursday 23rd April 2009 and at any adjournment of that meeting.
Resolutions
The full wording of the resolutions and biographical details of those Directors standing for re-election at the 2009 AGM are in the Notice of Meeting which has been sent to you with this form. Please write an X in the For, Against or Vote Withheld box for each resolution below. If you do not complete the boxes below the person you appoint as proxy can decide whether, and how, he or she votes.
Vote Vote For Against Withheld For Against Withheld
1. To receive the Reports of the Directors and 14. That Frederik Seegers be re-elected Auditors and the audited accounts for the a Director of the Company. year ended 31st December 2008.
2. To approve the Directors Remuneration Report 15. That Sir John Sunderland be re-elected for the year ended 31st December 2008. a Director of the Company.
3. That Simon Fraser be re-elected a Director 16. That John Varley be re-elected a Director of the Company. of the Company.
Important: fold along this line
4. That Marcus Agius be re-elected a Director 17. That Patience Wheatcroft be re-elected of the Company. a Director of the Company.
5. That David Booth be re-elected a Director 18. To reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP of the Company. as the Auditors of the Company.
6. That Sir Richard Broadbent be re-elected 19. To authorise the Directors to set the a Director of the Company. remuneration of the Auditors.
7. That Richard Leigh Clifford be re-elected 20. To authorise the Company and its a Director of the Company. subsidiaries to make political donations and incur political expenditure.
8. That Fulvio Conti be re-elected a Director of the Company. 21. To authorise the increase in authorised ordinary share capital of the Company.
9. That Robert E Diamond Jr be re-elected a Director of the Company. 22. To authorise the Directors to allot securities.
10. That Sir Andrew Likierman be re-elected a Director of the Company. 23. To authorise the Directors to allot equity securities for cash other than on a pro-rata 11. That Christopher Lucas be re-elected basis to shareholders and to sell treasury shares. a Director of the Company.
24. To authorise the Company to purchase 12. That Sir Michael Rake be re-elected its own shares. a Director of the Company.
25. To authorise the Directors to call general 13. That Stephen Russell be re-elected meetings (other than an AGM) on not a Director of the Company. less than 14 clear days notice.
Please indicate with an X if this Proxy Form is one of multiple instructions being given. Please refer to note 3 overleaf.
Signature(s) Date
Please complete and return this Proxy Form in the enclosed pre-paid envelope so that it is received by the Registrar no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
+ +
2674-052-S
Barclays PLC
How to ask a question
If you intend to ask a question relating to the business of the meeting
You should register your question at the Question Registration Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge before the meeting starts. There is also provision to register your question within the meeting room once the meeting has started.
If you would like to ask a question about a personal matter
You should go to the Customer Relations Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge. This is staffed by Senior Customer Relations personnel who will be available before, during and after the meeting. All questions raised will be reviewed by the Chairman following the meeting and a reply will be sent out to you within 14 days.
Attendance Card
Information for shareholders attending the 2009 AGM The AGM will be held at The Queen Elizabeth II
Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am.
If you plan to attend the AGM, please bring this card with you. This card will allow you entry to the meeting with a minimum of formality. You will be given full instructions on what to do with this card at the appropriate time during the meeting.
How to find the AGM
St Jamess Park QEII Conference
Centre Westminster Great George Street Westminster Bridge Birdcage Walk
Main Parliament
Entrance Square
Houses of Parliament Petty France Tothill Street Westminster Abbey St Jamess Park Victoria
Street
Victoria Station
Parking facilities are available but limited. Victoria Station is approximately 15 minutes walk away. The nearest tube stations are Westminster on the District, Circle and Jubilee lines and St Jamess Park on the District and Circle lines. Bus routes 24, 11 and 211 all stop nearby.
Log on to Barclays e-view and see the benefits!
If you join Barclays e-view or are an existing e-view member, we will automatically enter you into our free prize draw to win one of five £100 cash prizes!
Barclays e-view is an easy and convenient way to:
Access your Barclays shareholding details and check your share sales, purchases or transfers;
Receive important shareholder information directly to your email address;
View dividend information, including electronic tax vouchers;
Change your address and/or bank details online;
See shareholder documents such as the Annual Review, Annual Report or Results Announcements online; and
Register your voting instructions for General Meetings. For more detail, see overleaf
Barclays PLC This card should only be completed during the meeting.
Holders of ordinary shares as well as proxies and authorised Poll card for the Annual representatives of corporations are entitled to vote.
Please write an X in the For, Against or Vote Withheld box for each General Meeting resolution below. If you wish to cast your votes partly for and partly against a resolution, you should write the number of votes cast for and against in the appropriate box.
to be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference
Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London Signature(s) SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am
Date
Resolutions
Vote Vote For Against Withheld For Against Withheld
1. To receive the Reports of the Directors and 14. That Frederik Seegers be re-elected Auditors and the audited accounts for the a Director of the Company. year ended 31st December 2008.
15. That Sir John Sunderland be re-elected
2. To approve the Directors Remuneration Report a Director of the Company. for the year ended 31st December 2008.
16. That John Varley be re-elected a Director
3. That Simon Fraser be re-elected a Director of the Company. of the Company.
17. That Patience Wheatcroft be re-elected
4. That Marcus Agius be re-elected a Director a Director of the Company. of the Company.
18. To reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
5. That David Booth be re-elected a Director as the Auditors of the Company. of the Company.
19. To authorise the Directors to set the
6. That Sir Richard Broadbent be re-elected remuneration of the Auditors. a Director of the Company.
20. To authorise the Company and its subsidiaries
7. That Richard Leigh Clifford be re-elected to make political donations and incur a Director of the Company. political expenditure.
8. That Fulvio Conti be re-elected a Director 21. To authorise the increase in authorised of the Company. ordinary share capital of the Company.
9. That Robert E Diamond Jr be re-elected 22. To authorise the Directors to allot securities. a Director of the Company.
10. That Sir Andrew Likierman be re-elected 23. To authorise the Directors to allot equity a Director of the Company. securities for cash other than on a pro-rata basis to shareholders and to sell treasury shares. 11. That Christopher Lucas be re-elected a Director of the Company. 24. To authorise the Company to purchase its own shares.
12. That Sir Michael Rake be re-elected a Director of the Company. 25. To authorise the Directors to call general meetings (other than an AGM) on not less 13. That Stephen Russell be re-elected than 14 clear days notice. a Director of the Company.
Log on to e-view and see the benefits!
An increasing number of shareholders choose to receive their Barclays Prize draw terms and conditions communications electronically and are discovering the convenience of using The prize is a cheque for £100 the internet and email to find out about their shareholdings and Barclays. 1. We, Barclays PLC, are promoting the prize draw.
2. There will be five prize draws on Tuesday 5th May 2009.
To enter the cash prize draw, you will need to: 3. The winners of the prizes will be the first five names drawn at random from all eligible entries. The draw will be supervised by an independent observer.
1. Go to www.eviewsignup.co.uk 4. The prize draw is open to our private shareholders who are aged 18 or over, live in the United Kingdom and either join e-view or have already joined e-view prior to 11.00am on Friday 1st May 2009. Each shareholder will be entered into the prize draw once.
2. Register for electronic communications by following the 5. You do not need to buy further shares to be entered into the prize draw.
6. We will provide the names and county of the winners, and the name of the independent instructions onscreen. observer, to anyone who sends a stamped address envelope to: The Manager, Shareholder Relations, Barclays Corporate Secretariat, 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP, within 28 days of the date of the draw (Tuesday 5th May 2009). The details will also be available on our website.
3. You will be sent an access number in the post the next 7. We will contact each winner within five working days of the draw and ask them for the working day. address we should send the cheque to. We will send out cheques within 10 working days of receipt of this address.
If you have any questions, please contact the Registrar 8. We will be responsible for all costs of sending out cheques to winners. to Barclays. 9. We can publish the names and county of each of the winners, or publicise the prize giving presentation, after the date of the final draw. We may ask each winner to allow us to publish a photograph of them and the winners must not refuse without good reason.
10. If you enter the prize draw we will assume that you accept these terms and conditions. 11. Our decision is final and we will not respond to any questions or complaints about it. 12. We are not responsible for any injuries, loss or damage of any kind arising from or in connection with the prize draw unless, by law, we must accept responsibility.
Barclays PLC Explanatory notes
1. Voting
If you want to attend and vote at the Barclays AGM you must be entered on the Companys register of members by no later than 6.00pm on Tuesday 21st April 2009. This time will still apply for the purpose of deciding if you are entitled to attend and vote if the meeting is adjourned for less than 48 hours. If the meeting is adjourned for a longer time and you still want to attend and vote you must be on the Barclays register of members by no later than 6.00pm two days before the time fixed for the adjourned meeting.
2. Vote online
You can appoint a proxy to vote your shares online at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. To log on you will need your Voting ID, Task ID and Shareholder Reference Number which are printed on the front of this form. Your votes must be registered by no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
3. Proxy
You are entitled to attend, speak and vote at the AGM or you can appoint one or more people (called proxies) to attend, speak and vote on your behalf. A proxy need not be a Barclays shareholder but must attend the meeting in person. Write the name of the person you have chosen as your proxy in the box on the Proxy Form unless you wish to appoint the Chairman of the meeting. If no name is inserted the Chairman of the meeting will be authorised to vote on your behalf. If more than one proxy is appointed, each proxy must be appointed to exercise the rights attached to different shares. Unless you complete the form to show how you want them to vote, your proxy or proxies can vote, or not vote, as they see fit, on any resolution. To appoint more than one proxy, please photocopy the Proxy Form and indicate the number of shares that you are authorising them to act as your proxy for. Mark the box on the Proxy Form to show that you have appointed more than one proxy.
4. Revoking your proxy
If you complete the Proxy Form to appoint a proxy or proxies this will not stop you from attending and voting at the meeting if you later find you are able to do so.
5. Authority and timing
To be valid, you must return this Proxy Form, together with a certified copy of the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is executed, to The Registrar to Barclays, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex BN99 6NA in the pre-paid envelope provided, so that it is received by no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
6. Joint shareholders
The signature of any one of the joint holders will be enough to appoint the Chairman or one or more proxies to attend and vote at the meeting.
7. Vote Withheld
The Vote Withheld option is given to enable you to abstain on any particular resolution. The Vote Withheld is not a vote in law and will not be counted in the calculation of the proportion of votes For or Against a resolution.
8. Corporate shareholders
If you are attending the meeting as a representative of a shareholder that is a corporation, you will need to show our Registrars evidence that you have been properly appointed to gain entry to the AGM.
9. Euroclear electronic proxy appointment service (CREST)
If you are a user of the CREST system (including a CREST Personal Member), you may appoint one or more proxies or give an instruction to a proxy by having an appropriate CREST message transmitted. To be valid, the CREST message must be received by the receiving agent (ID RA19) no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009. For this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time (as determined by the timestamp generated by the CREST system) from which the receiving agent is able to retrieve the message. After this time, changes of instructions to proxies appointed through CREST should be communicated to the proxy by other means. If you are a CREST Personal Member or other CREST sponsored member you should contact your CREST sponsor for help with appointing proxies via CREST. For further information on CREST procedures, limitations and system timings, please refer to the CREST Manual. The Company may treat as invalid a proxy appointment sent by CREST in the circumstances set out in Regulation 35(5) (a) of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.
Shareholder information
If you need help contact the Registrar to Barclays If you move house
Telephone Postal address Please remember to tell the Registrar if you are moving 0871 384 2055* The Registrar to Barclays house. When you write to the Registrar to let them know (in the UK) Aspect House that you have moved house, you must enclose a copy of +44 121 415 7004 Spencer Road your dividend tax voucher or share certificate. This is (from overseas) Lancing important to protect the security of your shareholding. If you West Sussex are an e-view member you can change your details online.
BN99 6DA
Email questions@share-registers.co.uk
The paper used throughout this document is produced from Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) pulps. The wood for these is sourced from fully sustainable forests. Additionally, the manufacturing mill is certified to ISO 9002 Quality Assurance standard, the ISO 14001 Environmental Management standard, and registered with EMAS (the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme).
* Calls to this number are charged at 8p per minute if using a BT landline. Call charges may vary if using other telephone providers.
ISO 14001 EMAS EMAS-Verified Environmental Management. Produced at an EMAS registered mill ECF ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
Barclays PLC Sharestore Proxy Form for the Annual General Meeting
to be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am
+ Voting ID: Task ID: Sharestore Reference Number: +
You can vote your Barclays shares by completing and sending this form back in the enclosed pre-paid envelope, or you can vote online at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. Before completing this form please read the explanatory notes on the back of the form.
I/We hereby instruct Equiniti Corporate Nominees Limited to appoint the Chairman of the meeting, or to attend and vote on my/our behalf at the Annual General Meeting of Barclays PLC (the Company) to be held on Thursday 23rd April 2009 and at any adjournment of that meeting.
Resolutions
The full wording of the resolutions and biographical details of those Directors standing for re-election at the 2009 AGM are in the Notice of Meeting which has been sent to you with this form. Please write an X in the For, Against or Vote Withheld box for each resolution below. If you do not complete the boxes below the person you appoint as proxy can decide whether, and how, he or she votes.
Vote Vote For Against Withheld For Against Withheld
1. To receive the Reports of the Directors and 14. That Frederik Seegers be re-elected Auditors and the audited accounts for the a Director of the Company. year ended 31st December 2008.
2. To approve the Directors Remuneration Report 15. That Sir John Sunderland be re-elected for the year ended 31st December 2008. a Director of the Company.
3. That Simon Fraser be re-elected a Director 16. That John Varley be re-elected a Director of the Company. of the Company.
Important: fold along this line
4. That Marcus Agius be re-elected a Director 17. That Patience Wheatcroft be re-elected of the Company. a Director of the Company.
5. That David Booth be re-elected a Director 18. To reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP of the Company. as the Auditors of the Company.
6. That Sir Richard Broadbent be re-elected 19. To authorise the Directors to set the a Director of the Company. remuneration of the Auditors.
7. That Richard Leigh Clifford be re-elected 20. To authorise the Company and its a Director of the Company. subsidiaries to make political donations and incur political expenditure.
8. That Fulvio Conti be re-elected a Director of the Company. 21. To authorise the increase in authorised ordinary share capital of the Company.
9. That Robert E Diamond Jr be re-elected a Director of the Company. 22. To authorise the Directors to allot securities.
10. That Sir Andrew Likierman be re-elected a Director of the Company. 23. To authorise the Directors to allot equity securities for cash other than on a pro-rata 11. That Christopher Lucas be re-elected basis to shareholders and to sell treasury shares. a Director of the Company.
24. To authorise the Company to purchase 12. That Sir Michael Rake be re-elected its own shares. a Director of the Company.
25. To authorise the Directors to call general 13. That Stephen Russell be re-elected meetings (other than an AGM) on not a Director of the Company. less than 14 clear days notice.
Please indicate with an X if this Proxy Form is one of multiple instructions being given. Please refer to note 3 overleaf.
Signature(s) Date
Please complete and return this Proxy Form in the enclosed pre-paid envelope so that it is received by the Registrar no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
+ +
2674-053-S
Barclays PLC Sharestore
How to ask a question
If you intend to ask a question relating to the business of the meeting
You should register your question at the Question Registration Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge before the meeting starts. There is also provision to register your question within the meeting room once the meeting has started.
If you would like to ask a question about a personal matter
You should go to the Customer Relations Point in the Benjamin Britten Lounge. This is staffed by Senior Customer Relations personnel who will be available before, during and after the meeting. All questions raised will be reviewed by the Chairman following the meeting and a reply will be sent out to you within 14 days.
Attendance Card
Information for Sharestore members attending the 2009 AGM
The AGM will be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am.
If you plan to attend the AGM, please bring this card with you. This card will allow you entry to the meeting with a minimum of formality. You will be given full instructions on what to do with this card at the appropriate time during the meeting.
How to find the AGM
St Jamess Park QEII Conference
Centre Westminster Great George Street Westminster Bridge
Birdcage Walk
Main Parliament
Entrance Square
Houses of Parliament Petty France Tothill Street Westminster Abbey St Jamess Park Victoria
Street
Victoria Station
Parking facilities are available but limited. Victoria Station is approximately 15 minutes walk away. The nearest tube stations are Westminster on the District, Circle and Jubilee lines and St Jamess Park on the District and Circle lines. Bus routes 24, 11 and 211 all stop nearby.
Log on to Barclays e-view and see the benefits!
If you join Barclays e-view or are an existing e-view member, we will automatically enter you into our free prize draw to win one of five £100 cash prizes!
Barclays e-view is an easy and convenient way to:
Access your Barclays shareholding details and check your share sales, purchases or transfers;
Receive important shareholder information directly to your email address;
View dividend information, including electronic tax vouchers;
Change your address and/or bank details online;
See shareholder documents such as the Annual Review, Annual Report or Results Announcements online; and
Register your voting instructions for General Meetings. For more detail, see overleaf
Barclays PLC Sharestore Poll card for the Annual General Meeting
to be held at The Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE on Thursday 23rd April 2009 at 11.00am
This card should only be completed during the meeting.
Members of Barclays Sharestore, their proxies and authorised representatives of corporations are entitled to vote.
Please write an X in the For, Against or Vote withheld box for each resolution below. If you wish to cast your votes partly for and partly against a resolution, you should write the number of votes cast for and against in the appropriate box.
Signature(s)
Date
Resolutions
Vote Vote For Against Withheld For Against Withheld
1. To receive the Reports of the Directors and 14. That Frederik Seegers be re-elected Auditors and the audited accounts for the a Director of the Company. year ended 31st December 2008.
15. That Sir John Sunderland be re-elected
2. To approve the Directors Remuneration Report a Director of the Company. for the year ended 31st December 2008.
16. That John Varley be re-elected a Director
3. That Simon Fraser be re-elected a Director of the Company. of the Company.
17. That Patience Wheatcroft be re-elected
4. That Marcus Agius be re-elected a Director a Director of the Company. of the Company.
18. To reappoint PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
5. That David Booth be re-elected a Director as the Auditors of the Company. of the Company.
19. To authorise the Directors to set the
6. That Sir Richard Broadbent be re-elected remuneration of the Auditors. a Director of the Company.
20. To authorise the Company and its subsidiaries
7. That Richard Leigh Clifford be re-elected to make political donations and incur a Director of the Company. political expenditure.
8. That Fulvio Conti be re-elected a Director 21. To authorise the increase in authorised of the Company. ordinary share capital of the Company.
9. That Robert E Diamond Jr be re-elected 22. To authorise the Directors to allot securities. a Director of the Company.
10. That Sir Andrew Likierman be re-elected 23. To authorise the Directors to allot equity a Director of the Company. securities for cash other than on a pro-rata basis to shareholders and to sell treasury shares.
11. That Christopher Lucas be re-elected a Director of the Company. 24. To authorise the Company to purchase its own shares.
12. That Sir Michael Rake be re-elected a Director of the Company. 25. To authorise the Directors to call general meetings (other than an AGM) on not less
13. That Stephen Russell be re-elected than 14 clear days notice. a Director of the Company.
Log on to e-view and see the benefits!
An increasing number of shareholders choose to receive their Barclays Prize draw terms and conditions communications electronically and are discovering the convenience of using The prize is a cheque for £100 the internet and email to find out about their shareholdings and Barclays. 1. We, Barclays PLC, are promoting the prize draw.
2. There will be five prize draws on Tuesday 5th May 2009.
To enter the cash prize draw, you will need to: 3. The winners of the prizes will be the first five names drawn at random from all eligible entries. The draw will be supervised by an independent observer.
1. Go to www.eviewsignup.co.uk 4. The prize draw is open to our private shareholders who are aged 18 or over, live in the United Kingdom and either join e-view or have already joined e-view prior to 11.00am on Friday 1st May 2009. Each shareholder will be entered into the prize draw once.
2. Register for electronic communications by following the 5. You do not need to buy further shares to be entered into the prize draw.
6. We will provide the names and county of the winners, and the name of the independent instructions onscreen. observer, to anyone who sends a stamped address envelope to: The Manager, Shareholder Relations, Barclays Corporate Secretariat, 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP, within 28 days of the date of the draw (Tuesday 5th May 2009). The details will also be available on our website.
3. You will be sent an access number in the post the next 7. We will contact each winner within five working days of the draw and ask them for the working day. address we should send the cheque to. We will send out cheques within 10 working days of receipt of this address.
If you have any questions, please contact the Registrar 8. We will be responsible for all costs of sending out cheques to winners. to Barclays. 9. We can publish the names and county of each of the winners, or publicise the prize giving presentation, after the date of the final draw. We may ask each winner to allow us to publish a photograph of them and the winners must not refuse without good reason.
10. If you enter the prize draw we will assume that you accept these terms and conditions.
11. Our decision is final and we will not respond to any questions or complaints about it.
12. We are not responsible for any injuries, loss or damage of any kind arising from or in connection with the prize draw unless, by law, we must accept responsibility.
Barclays PLC Explanatory notes
1. Voting
If you want to attend and vote at the Barclays AGM you must be entered on the Sharestore register of members by no later than 6.00pm on Tuesday 21st April 2009. This time will still apply for the purpose of deciding if you are entitled to attend and vote if the meeting is adjourned for less than 48 hours. If the meeting is adjourned for a longer time and you still want to attend and vote you must be on the Sharestore register of members by no later than 6.00pm two days before the time fixed for the adjourned meeting.
2. Vote online
You can appoint a proxy to vote your shares online at www.barclays.com/investorrelations/vote. To log on you will need your Voting ID, Task ID and Sharestore Reference Number which are printed on the front of this form. Your votes must be registered by no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
3. Proxy
You are entitled to attend, speak and vote at the AGM or you may instruct Equiniti Corporate Nominees Limited to appoint one or more people
(called proxies) to attend, speak and vote on your behalf. A proxy need not be a Barclays shareholder but must attend the meeting in person.
Write the name of the person you have chosen as your proxy in the box on the Proxy Form unless you wish to appoint the Chairman of the meeting. If no name is inserted the Chairman of the meeting will be authorised to vote on your behalf. If more than one proxy is appointed, each proxy must be appointed to exercise the rights attached to different shares. Unless you complete the form to show how you want them to vote, your proxy or proxies can vote, or not vote, as they see fit, on any resolution. To appoint more than one proxy, please photocopy the Proxy Form and indicate the number of shares that you are authorising them to act as your proxy for. Mark the box on the Proxy Form to show that you have appointed more than one proxy.
4. Revoking your proxy
If you return this form to appoint someone (either the Chairman of the meeting or the person named) to attend and vote on your behalf and you have not revoked that instruction by 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009 you will not be able to change your instruction. This means that you could attend the meeting but not vote in person at the meeting itself.
5. Authority and timing
To be valid, you must return this Proxy Form, together with a certified copy of the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is executed, to The Registrar to Barclays, Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex BN99 6NA in the pre-paid envelope provided, so that it is received by no later than 11.00am on Tuesday 21st April 2009.
6. Joint Sharestore members
The signature of any one of the joint holders will be enough to appoint the Chairman or one or more proxies to attend, speak and vote at the meeting.
7. Vote Withheld
The Vote Withheld option is given to enable you to abstain on any particular resolution. The Vote Withheld is not a vote in law and will not be counted in the calculation of the proportion of votes For or Against a resolution.
8. Corporate Sharestore members
If you are a representative of a corporation which is a Sharestore member, you will need to show our Registrars evidence that you have been properly appointed to gain entry to the AGM.
Sharestore member information
If you need help contact the Registrar to Barclays If you move house
Telephone Postal address Please remember to tell the Registrar if you are moving 0871 384 2055* The Registrar to Barclays house. When you write to the Registrar to let them know (in the UK) Aspect House that you have moved house, you must enclose a copy +44 121 415 7004 Spencer Road of your dividend tax voucher or share certificate. This is (from overseas) Lancing important to protect the security of your shareholding. If you West Sussex are an e-view member you can change your details online.
BN99 6DA
Email questions@share-registers.co.uk
The paper used throughout this document is produced from Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) pulps. The wood for these is sourced from fully sustainable forests. Additionally, the manufacturing mill is certified to ISO 9002 Quality Assurance standard, the ISO 14001 Environmental Management standard,
and registered with EMAS (the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme).
* Calls to this number are charged at 8p per minute if using a BT landline. Call charges may vary if using other telephone providers.
ISO 14001 EMAS EMAS-Verified Environmental Management. Produced at an EMAS registered mill ECF ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
barclays.com/annualreport08 Annual Report 2008 51° 30 36N London, UK 12pm GMT We thank our customers and clients for the business they directed to Barclays in 2008.High levels of activity on their behalf have enabled us to report substantial profit generation in difficult conditions. Our priorities in 2008 were (and remain): to stay close to customers and clients; to manage our risks; and to progress strategy. John Varley Group Chief Executive www.barclays.com/annualreport08
Contents Business review 3 Barclays today 4 Key performance indicators 6 Group Chairmans statement 10 Group Chief Executives review 12 Financial review 15 Corporate sustainability 66 Our people 68 Risk management 69 Governance 151 Board and Executive Committee 152 Directors report 154 Corporate governance report 157 Remuneration report 171 Accountability and audit 187 Financial statements 189 Presentation of information 190 Independent Auditors report/Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms report 191 Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC 193 Barclays Bank PLC data 299 Shareholder information 315 Forward-looking statements This document contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the US Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to certain of the Groups plans and its current goals and expectations relating to its future financial condition and performance. Barclays cautions readers that no forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future performance and that actual results could differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate only to historical or current facts. Forward looking statements sometimes use words such as may, will, seek, continue, aim, anticipate, target, expect, estimate, intend, plan, goal, believe or other words of similar meaning. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements regarding the Groups future financial position, income growth, assets, impairment charges, business strategy, capital ratios, leverage, payment of dividends, projected levels of growth in the banking and financial markets, projected costs, estimates of capital expenditures, and plans and objectives for future operations and other statements that are not historical fact. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to future events and circumstances, including, but not limited to, UK domestic and global economic and business conditions, the effects of continued volatility in credit markets, market related risks such as changes in interest rates and exchange rates, effects of changes in valuation of credit market exposures, changes in valuation of issued notes, the policies and actions of governmental and regulatory authorities, changes in legislation, the further development of standards and interpretations under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) applicable to past, current and future periods, evolving practices with regard to the interpretation and application of standards under IFRS, progress in the integration of the Lehman Brothers North American businesses into the Groups business and the quantification of the benefits resulting from such acquisition, the outcome of pending and future litigation, the success of future acquisitions and other strategic transactions and the impact of competition - a number of which factors are beyond the Groups control. As a result, the Groups actual future results may differ materially from the plans, goals, and expectations set forth in the Groups forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements made herein speak only as of the date they are made. Except as required by the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA), the London Stock Exchange or applicable law, Barclays expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained in this announcement to reflect any change in Barclays expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based. The reader should, however, consult any additional disclosures that Barclays has made or may make in documents it has filed or may file with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC). Our strategy is to achieve good growth through time by diversifying our business base and increasing our presence in markets and segments that are growing rapidly. Consistent strategic priorities: - Build the best bank in theUK - Accelerate growth of global businesses - Develop Retail and Commercial Banking activities in selected countries outside theUK - Enhance operational excellence Delivering our strategy
barclays.com/annualreport08 Annual Report 2008
We thank our customers and clients for the business they directed to Barclays in 2008. High levels of activity on their behalf have enabled us to report substantial profit generation in difficult conditions. Our priorities in 2008 were (and remain): to stay close to customers and clients; to manage our risks; and to progress strategy.
John Varley Group Chief Executive
www.barclays.com/annualreport08 |
In a very difficult economic environment in 2008, Barclays has steered a course that has enabled us to be solidly profitable despite strong headwinds. We are well positioned to maintain Barclays competitive strengths through the undoubted challenges that will come in 2009 and beyond.
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Marcus Agius Group Chairman |
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Were committed to supporting customers through the current economic climate, running over 800 savings seminars for customers in 2008. | ||||||||||
We increased lending to social housing projects by over £2 billion. | ||||||||||
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51° 30' 16"N | 50° 48' 00"N | |||||||||
London, UK 12pm GMT | Portsmouth, UK 12pm GMT |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
1 |
Highlights of the year
Group profit before tax was £6,077m, down 14% on 2007. Profit included:
Gains on acquisitions of £2,406m, including £2,262m relating to Lehman Brothers North American businesses
Profit on disposal of the closed life assurance book of £326m
Gains on Visa IPO and sales of shares in MasterCard of £291m
Gross credit market losses and impairment of £8,053m
Gains on own credit of £1,663m
Global Retail and Commercial Banking profit before tax increased 6% to £4,367m
UK lending increased to both retail and corporate customers
Strengthened international presence in Barclaycard, Western Europe and Emerging Markets
Investment Banking and Investment Management profit before tax was £2,568m, down 24% reflecting significant gain on acquisition and disposal and the impact of credit market dislocation
Barclays Capitals strategy of diversification by geography and business accelerated through the acquisition of Lehman Brothers North American businesses
There were strong net new asset flows into Barclays Wealth and Barclays Global Investors despite declines in equity markets
Group balance sheet growth was driven by over £900bn derivative gross-up, growth in loans and advances of £124bn and impact of foreign exchange rates on non-Sterling assets
Risk weighted assets increased 22% (£79bn) to £433bn reflecting:
the significant depreciation in Sterling relative to both the US Dollar and the Euro
procyclicality: macroeconomic indicators generally, and corporate credit conditions specifically, deteriorated towards the end of 2008 leading to ratings declines
Capital ratios were strengthened through the raising of £13.6bn of Tier 1 capital. The year-end pro forma Tier 1 capital ratio was 9.7% and the pro forma Equity Tier 1 ratio was 6.7%
Barclays targets reduced adjusted gross leverage and capital ratios significantly ahead of regulatory requirements |
Income statement highlights
For the year ended 31st December
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
Income | ||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
23,115 | 23,000 | 21,595 |
| |||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
(5,419 | ) | (2,795 | ) | (2,154 | ) | |||||||
Operating expenses |
(14,366 | ) | (13,199 | ) | (12,674 | ) | |||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
2,406 | | | ||||||||||
Profit before tax |
6,077 | 7,076 | 7,136 | ||||||||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of the parent |
4,382 | 4,417 | 4,571 | Profit before tax | |||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
59.3p | 68.9p | 71.9p |
| |||||||||
Dividend per ordinary share |
11.5p | 34.0p | 31.0p | ||||||||||
Return on average shareholders equity |
16.5 | % | 20.3 | % | 24.7 | % | |||||||
Cost:income ratio |
62 | % | 57 | % | 59 | % | |||||||
Number of staff |
156,300 | 134,900 | 122,600 |
2 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Business review | ||||||||||||||
Barclays today | 4 | |||||||||||||
Key performance indicators | 6 | |||||||||||||
Group Chairmans statement | 10 | |||||||||||||
Group Chief Executives review | 12 | |||||||||||||
Financial review | 16 | |||||||||||||
Corporate sustainability | 65 | |||||||||||||
Our people | 67 | |||||||||||||
Risk management | 68 | |||||||||||||
Building the best bank in the UK
Barclaycard contactless technology
In 2008 Barclaycard issued over one million contactless payments cards in the UK, with more than 7,000 shops now having the technology to use the cards installed. The cards enable people to pay for items costing £10 or less by simply swiping them against a sensor and Barclaycard research shows 98% of people with a contactless payment card think it is easy to use and 88% think it speeds up payment times.
Number of contactless cards
1m+
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51° 30' 18"N London, UK 12pm GMT |
Listed in London and New York, Barclays is a major global financial services provider engaged in retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services with an extensive international presence in Europe, United States, Africa and Asia. With a strong long-term credit rating and over 300 years of history and expertise in banking, Barclays operates in over 50 countries and employs 156,000 people. Barclays moves, lends, invests and protects money for 48 million customers and clients worldwide. |
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Senior Management |
Global Retail and Commercial Banking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UK Retail Banking | Barclays Commercial Bank | Barclaycard | GRCB Western Europe | GRCB Emerging Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
One of the largest retail banks in the UK with over 1,700 branches, 15 million personal customers and 660,000 small business customers. |
Barclays Commercial Bank serves over 81,000 business clients through a network of relationship and industry sector specialists. | Barclaycard launched the first credit card in the UK in 1966. It now has 23 million customers in the UK, across Europe and the United States. | GRCB Western Europe serves two million retail, premier, card, SME and corporate customers in Spain, Portugal, France and Italy through nearly 1,200 distribution points. | A rapidly growing part of the business opening over 280 distribution points in 2008 and providing full banking services to over four million customers across Africa, Russia, the Middle East and Asia. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Profit before tax | Profit before tax | Profit before tax | Profit before tax | Profit before tax | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of customers | Number of customers | Number of customers | Number of customers | Number of customers | ||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Diversified operations
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Investment Banking and Investment Management | |||||||||||||||||||||
GRCB Absa | Barclays Capital | Barclays Global Investors | Barclays Wealth | |||||||||||||||||||
One of South Africas largest financial services groups with over 1,100 distribution points and over 10 million retail customers offering a complete range of banking, bancassurance and wealth management products. | Barclays investment banking division with the global reach, advisory services and distribution power to meet the needs of clients worldwide, holding top three positions in US capital markets and globally in commodities, foreign exchange, fund-linked derivatives, interest rate trading and investment. | One of the worlds largest asset managers with US$1.5 trillion assets under management and the global product leader in exchange traded funds (iShares). | Barclays Wealth serves clients worldwide, providing international and private banking, fiduciary services, investment management and brokerage. It is the UKs leading wealth manager by client assets and has offices across the Americas following the acquisition of Lehman Brothers Private Investment Management. | |||||||||||||||||||
Profit before tax | Profit before tax | Profit before tax | Profit before tax | |||||||||||||||||||
Number of customers | Number of clients generating more than £1m income | Assets under management | Client assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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5 |
Financial KPIs
Definition | Why its important to the business and management | |||||||||||
Profit before tax Profit before tax is one of the two primary profitability measures used to assess performance and represents total income less impairment charges and operating expenses. |
Profit before tax is a key indicator of financial performance to the majority of our stakeholders. |
2006 £7,136m |
2007 £7,076m |
2008 £6,077m | ||||||||
Economic profit Economic Profit (EP) is the other primary profitability measure used by Barclays. EP is profit after tax and minority interests less a capital charge (average shareholders equity and goodwill excluding minority interests multiplied by the Group cost of capital). |
Barclays believes that economic profit encourages both profitable growth and the efficient use of capital. Barclays has a set of four year performance goals for the period 2008 to 2011 inclusive. The primary goal is to achieve compound annual growth in economic profit in the range of 5% to 10% (£9.3bn to £10.6bn of cumulative economic profit) over the 2008 to 2011 goal period. Given the increase in the cost of capital and regulatory capital requirements in 2008 we intend to publish new goals in 2009. |
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Shareholder returns | These measures indicate the returns | Total shareholder return | ||||||||||
Total shareholder return (TSR) is defined as the value created for shareholders through share price appreciation, plus reinvested dividend payments. We compare Barclays performance with a group of international peers and aim for top quartile performance. Return on average shareholders equity is calculated as profit after tax divided by the average shareholders equity during the year, which is made up of share capital, retained earnings and other reserves. | shareholders are receiving for their investment in Barclays both in terms of relative share price movements and the business performance. These metrics demonstrate the alignment of Barclays strategy and |
2006 2nd quartile |
2007 3rd quartile |
2008 2nd quartile | ||||||||
operations with the interests of shareholders. | Return on average shareholders equity | |||||||||||
2006 24.7% |
2007 20.3% |
2008 16.5% | ||||||||||
Capital ratios Capital requirements are part of the regulatory framework governing how banks and depository institutions are managed. Capital ratios express a banks capital as a percentage of its risk weighted assets. Tier 1 capital is defined by the UK FSA with Equity Tier 1 broadly being tangible shareholders funds within Tier 1. The 2008 pro-forma ratios reflect the conversion of Mandatorily Convertible Notes and inclusion of all innovative instruments in Tier 1 capital. |
The Groups capital management activities seek to maximise shareholders value by optimising the level and mix of its capital resources. |
Pro- | ||||||||||
forma | ||||||||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2008 | |||||||||
Equity Tier 1a | ||||||||||||
The Groups capital management objectives are to: | 5.3% | 5.1% | 5.8% | 6.7% | ||||||||
Maintain sufficient capital resources to |
Tier 1a | |||||||||||
meet the minimum regulatory capital requirements set by the UK FSA and the US Federal Reserve Banks requirements that a financial holding company be well capitalised
Maintain sufficient capital resources to support the Groups Risk Appetite and economic capital requirements
Support the Groups credit rating
Ensure locally regulated subsidiaries can meet their minimum capital requirements
Allocate capital to businesses to support the Groups strategic objectives, including optimising returns on economic and regulatory capital. |
7.7% | 7.6% | 8.6% | 9.7% | ||||||||
We expect to maintain our Equity Tier 1 and Tier 1 ratios at levels which significantly exceed the current minimum requirements of the UK FSA for the duration of the current period of financial and economic stress. |
Note a Capital ratios for 2008 and 2007 are calculated on a Basel II basis, whilst the 2006 ratios are on a Basel I basis | |||||||||||
Adjusted Gross Leverage Adjusted gross leverage is defined as the multiple of adjusted total tangible assets over total qualifying Tier 1 capital. Adjusted total tangible assets are total assets less derivative counterparty netting, assets under management on the balance sheet, settlement balances, goodwill and intangible assets. Tier 1 capital is defined by the UK FSA. The 2008 Pro forma ratio reflects the conversion of Mandatorily Convertible Notes and inclusion of all innovative instruments in Tier 1 capital. |
Barclays believes that there will be more capital and less leverage in the banking system, as a key measure of stability, which is consistent with the views of regulators and investors. Barclays expects adjusted gross leverage to reduce further over time. |
2007 33x |
2008 28x |
Pro-forma 2008 24x | ||||||||
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Strategic KPIs
Build the best bank in the UK
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
UK Retail Banking Customer Satisfaction The Retail Banking Service Monitor tracks satisfaction amongst Barclays customers. Approximately 13,000 customers a month are researched for this study. The Satisfaction score is measured using the percentage of customers who state they are Very or Completely satisfied with Barclays. We also benchmark our performance in comparison with competitors using syndicated or directly commissioned research. |
Putting the customer first and improving customer service is fundamental to our goal of being the UKs best bank. Customer satisfaction targets are set at a strategic business unit level and business area action plans are developed through the continuous tracking of customer satisfaction and complaints feedback. Since June 2008 customer satisfaction and advocacy have been on an increasing trend as a result of significant improvements to our service and innovations in our product offerings. | |||||||||
Net new lending in Barclays Commercial Bank The net new lending percentage represents the increase in our loans and advances to customers during the year. |
Building the best bank in the UK means we are there for our customers. We have increased our lending to UK corporate customers even during the current economic conditions. | 2006 +8% |
2007 +14% |
2008 +10% | ||||||
UK Retail Banking cost:income ratio target Cost:income ratio is defined as operating expenses compared to total income net of insurance claims. |
It is a measure management use to assess the productivity of the business operations. In February 2008 we targeted improving the UK Retail Banking cost:income ratio by a further three percentage points from 57% over the course of the next three years. | 2008 58% |
2007 57% |
2008 56% | ||||||
| ||||||||||
Strategic KPIs Accelerate growth of global businesses |
||||||||||
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
Barclaycard International number of customers The total number of customers split between UK and non-UK. |
Barclaycard is one of Europes largest multi-branded credit card businesses, with a fast growing business in the United States and South Africa. In 2003 we targeted growing Barclaycards international operations to the same scale as its UK business over 10 years. This KPI demonstrates how this target is being achieved. | |||||||||
Investment Banking and Investment Management Income The total income from the businesses which make up Investment Banking and Investment Management; being Barclays Capital, Barclays Global Investors and Barclays Wealth. |
The Investment Banking and Investment Management division contains the majority of our global businesses and income is a key indicator of growth in this area. Including net credit market write-downs income in 2008 was £8,399m (2007: £10,332m). Excluding these write-downs income in 2008 was £11,593m (2007: £11,185m). | 2006 £9,092m |
2007 £10,332m |
2008 £8,399m |
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Key performance indicators
Strategic KPIs
Develop Retail and Commercial Banking activities in selected countries outside the UK
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
Number of distribution outlets outside the UK Represents total number of branches and sales centres outside the UK. |
This represents the growth in our footprint around the world, providing a clear indication of the development of our activities outside the UK. The addition of new distribution outlets drives the increase in customer numbers. | 2006 1,705 |
2007 2,349 |
2008 3,158 | ||||||
Proportion of Global Retail and Commercial Banking international income Percentage of total Global Retail and Commercial Banking income earned outside the UK. |
This demonstrates the successful execution on Barclays strategy of diversifying our business base by geography over time to achieve higher growth. | |||||||||
| ||||||||||
Strategic KPIs Enhance operational excellence |
||||||||||
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
Risk management Loan loss rate The loan loss rate represents the impairment charge on loans and advances as a proportion of the balances. |
The granting of credit is one of Barclays major sources of income and its most significant risk. The loan loss rate is an indicator of the cost of granting credit. | |||||||||
Cost management cost:income ratio by business productivity benchmarking Cost:income ratio is defined as operating expenses compared to total income net of insurance claims. This is compared to a peer set relevant for each business. |
It is a measure management use to assess the productivity of the business operations. We target a top quartile cost:income ratio of each of our businesses relative to their peers. | |||||||||
8 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Sustainability
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
Global investment in our communities Barclays total contribution to supporting the communities where we operate. |
Why its important to the business and management Investing in the communities in which we operate is an integral part of Barclays sustainability strategy. We are committed to maintaining investment in our communities for the long-term both in good times and in bad. This metric demonstrates our commitment over time. | |||||||||
| ||||||||||
Our People | ||||||||||
Definition
|
Why its important to the business and management
| |||||||||
Number of colleagues involved in fundraising and volunteering initiatives The total number of Barclays employees taking part in volunteering, giving and fundraising activities with Barclays support. |
Barclays community investment programme aims to engage and support colleagues around the world to get involved with our main partnerships, as well as the local causes they care about. Harnessing their energy, time and skills delivers real benefit to local communities, to their own personal development and to their engagement with Barclays. | 2006 33,000 |
2007 44,000 |
2008 57,000 | ||||||
Employee opinion survey for Global Retail and Commercial Banking and Group Centre A survey of employees, the results of which give demographic and diversity information as well as an indication of employee perceptions in four key areas: Barclays Top Leadership, Business Unit Leadership, Customer Focus and Employee Engagement. The results are analysed to show year on year trends of employee opinion and are benchmarked against other global financial services organisations and high performing organisations. |
The results of the survey provide leaders with insight into employee views on key business drivers from which they can establish action plans for improvements based on both strengths and weaknesses identified. |
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 11 |
Group Chief Executives review
Note |
a | Includes redemption of £3.1bn leveraged finance exposure in January 2009. |
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For the year ended 31st December | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 £m a |
|||||||||||
Net interest income |
11,469 | 9,610 | 9,143 | 8,075 | 6,833 | ||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
8,407 | 7,708 | 7,177 | 5,705 | 4,847 | ||||||||||
Principal transactions |
2,009 | 4,975 | 4,576 | 3,179 | 2,514 | ||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
1,090 | 1,011 | 1,060 | 872 | 1,042 | ||||||||||
Other income |
377 | 188 | 214 | 147 | 131 | ||||||||||
Total income |
23,352 | 23,492 | 22,170 | 17,978 | 15,367 | ||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
(237 | ) | (492 | ) | (575 | ) | (645 | ) | (1,259 | ) | |||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
23,115 | 23,000 | 21,595 | 17,333 | 14,108 | ||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
(5,419 | ) | (2,795 | ) | (2,154 | ) | (1,571 | ) | (1,093 | ) | |||||
Net income |
17,696 | 20,205 | 19,441 | 15,762 | 13,015 | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(14,366 | ) | (13,199 | ) | (12,674 | ) | (10,527 | ) | (8,536 | ) | |||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
14 | 42 | 46 | 45 | 56 | ||||||||||
Profit before business acquisitions and disposals |
3,344 | 7,048 | 6,813 | 5,280 | 4,535 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
327 | 28 | 323 | | 45 | ||||||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
2,406 | | | | | ||||||||||
Profit before tax |
6,077 | 7,076 | 7,136 | 5,280 | 4,580 | ||||||||||
Tax |
(790 | ) | (1,981 | ) | (1,941 | ) | (1,439 | ) | (1,279 | ) | |||||
Profit after tax |
5,287 | 5,095 | 5,195 | 3,841 | 3,301 | ||||||||||
Profit attributable to minority interests |
905 | 678 | 624 | 394 | 47 | ||||||||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of the parent |
4,382 | 4,417 | 4,571 | 3,447 | 3,254 | ||||||||||
5,287 | 5,095 | 5,195 | 3,841 | 3,301 | |||||||||||
Selected financial statistics
|
|||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
59.3p | 68.9p | 71.9p | 54.4p | 51.0p | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
57.5p | 66.7p | 69.8p | 52.6p | 49.8p | ||||||||||
Dividends per ordinary share |
11.5p | 34.0p | 31.0p | 26.6p | 24.0p | ||||||||||
Dividend payout ratio |
19.4% | 49.3% | 43.1% | 48.9% | 47.1% | ||||||||||
Profit attributable to the equity holders of the parent as a percentage of: |
|||||||||||||||
average shareholders equity |
16.5% | 20.3% | 24.7% | 21.1% | 21.7% | ||||||||||
average total assets |
0.2% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.5% | ||||||||||
Cost: income ratio |
62% | 57% | 59% | 61% | 61% | ||||||||||
Cost: net income ratio |
81% | 65% | 65% | 67% | 66% | ||||||||||
Average United States Dollar exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
1.86 | 2.00 | 1.84 | 1.82 | 1.83 | ||||||||||
Average Euro exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
1.26 | 1.46 | 1.47 | 1.46 | 1.47 | ||||||||||
Average Rand exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
15.17 | 14.11 | 12.47 | 11.57 | 11.83 |
The financial information above is extracted from the published accounts for the last three years. This information should be read together with, and is qualified by reference to, the accounts and notes included in this report.
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
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Financial review
Income statement commentary
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 17 |
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Impairment charges and other credit provisions | |||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances |
|||||||||
New and increased impairment allowances |
5,116 | 2,871 | 2,722 | ||||||
Releases |
(358 | ) | (338 | ) | (389 | ) | |||
Recoveries |
(174 | ) | (227 | ) | (259 | ) | |||
Impairment charges on loans and advances |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | ||||||
Charge/(release) in respect of provision for undrawn contractually committed facilities and guarantees provided |
329 | 476 | (6 | ) | |||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances and other credit provisions |
4,913 | 2,782 | 2,068 | ||||||
Impairment charges on reverse repurchase agreements |
124 | | | ||||||
Impairment on available for sale assets |
382 | 13 | 86 | ||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
5,419 | 2,795 | 2,154 | ||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions on ABS CDO Super Senior and other credit market exposures included above: |
|||||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances |
1,218 | 300 | | ||||||
Charges in respect of undrawn facilities and guarantees |
299 | 469 | | ||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances and other credit provisions on ABS CDO Super Senior and other credit market exposures |
1,517 | 769 | | ||||||
Impairment charges on reverse repurchase agreements |
54 | | | ||||||
Impairment charges on available for sale assets |
192 | 13 | | ||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions on ABS CDO Super Senior and other credit market exposures |
1,763 | 782 | |
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Financial review
As at 31st December
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
£m | £m | £m | £m | £m a | ||||||
Assets | ||||||||||
Cash and other short-term funds |
31,714 | 7,637 | 9,753 | 5,807 | 3,525 | |||||
Treasury bills and other eligible bills |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 6,658 | |||||
Trading portfolio and financial assets designated at fair value |
306,836 | 341,171 | 292,464 | 251,820 | n/a | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
984,802 | 248,088 | 138,353 | 136,823 | n/a | |||||
Debt securities and equity securities |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 141,710 | |||||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 40,120 | 30,926 | 31,105 | 80,632 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers |
461,815 | 345,398 | 282,300 | 268,896 | 262,409 | |||||
Available for sale financial investments |
64,976 | 43,072 | 51,703 | 53,497 | n/a | |||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
130,354 | 183,075 | 174,090 | 160,398 | n/a | |||||
Other assets |
24,776 | 18,800 | 17,198 | 16,011 | 43,247 | |||||
Total assets | 2,052,980 | 1,227,361 | 996,787 | 924,357 | 538,181 | |||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||
Deposits and items in the course of collection due to banks |
116,545 | 92,338 | 81,783 | 77,468 | 112,229 | |||||
Customer accounts |
335,505 | 294,987 | 256,754 | 238,684 | 217,492 | |||||
Trading portfolio and financial liabilities designated at fair value |
136,366 | 139,891 | 125,861 | 104,949 | n/a | |||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
69,183 | 92,639 | 84,637 | 85,201 | n/a | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
968,072 | 248,288 | 140,697 | 137,971 | n/a | |||||
Debt securities in issue |
149,567 | 120,228 | 111,137 | 103,328 | 83,842 | |||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
182,285 | 169,429 | 136,956 | 121,178 | n/a | |||||
Insurance contract liabilities, including unit-linked liabilities |
2,152 | 3,903 | 3,878 | 3,767 | 8,377 | |||||
Subordinated liabilities |
29,842 | 18,150 | 13,786 | 12,463 | 12,277 | |||||
Other liabilities |
16,052 | 15,032 | 13,908 | 14,918 | 87,200 | |||||
Total liabilities | 2,005,569 | 1,194,885 | 969,397 | 899,927 | 521,417 | |||||
Shareholders equity | ||||||||||
Shareholders equity excluding minority interests |
36,618 | 23,291 | 19,799 | 17,426 | 15,870 | |||||
Minority interests |
10,793 | 9,185 | 7,591 | 7,004 | 894 | |||||
Total shareholders equity | 47,411 | 32,476 | 27,390 | 24,430 | 16,764 | |||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity | 2,052,980 | 1,227,361 | 996,787 | 924,357 | 538,181 | |||||
Risk weighted assets and capital ratios b | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assets |
433,302 | 353,878 | 297,833 | 269,148 | 218,601 | |||||
Tier 1 ratio |
8.6% | 7.6% | 7.7% | 7.0% | 7.6% | |||||
Risk asset ratio |
13.6% | 11.2% | 11.7% | 11.3% | 11.5% | |||||
Selected financial statistics | ||||||||||
Net asset value per ordinary share |
437p | 353p | 303p | 269p | 246p | |||||
Year-end United States Dollar exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
1.46 | 2.00 | 1.96 | 1.72 | 1.92 | |||||
Year-end Euro exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
1.04 | 1.36 | 1.49 | 1.46 | 1.41 | |||||
Year-end Rand exchange rate used in preparing the accounts |
13.74 | 13.64 | 13.71 | 10.87 | 10.86 |
The financial information above is extracted from the published accounts for the last three years. This information should be read together with, and is qualified by reference to, the accounts and Notes included in this report.
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Financial review
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Financial review
Balance sheet commentary
Notes
a | The 2008/07 commentary on risk weighted assets is on a Basel II basis. The 2007/06 commentary is on a Basel I basis. |
b | Under the Groups securitisation programme, certain portfolios subject to securitisation or similar risk transfer transaction are adjusted in calculating the Groups risk weighted assets. Previously, for pre-2008 transactions, regulatory capital adjustments were allocated to the business in proportion to their RWAs. From 1st January 2008, the regulatory capital adjustments for all transactions are allocated to the business undertaking the securitisation unless the transaction has been undertaken for the benefit of a cluster of businesses, in which case the regulatory capital adjustments are shared. |
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Financial review
Balance sheet commentary
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Financial review
Capital ratios
Basel II | Basel II | Basel I | Basel I | |||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Barclays PLC Group |
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Barclays Bank PLC Group |
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Barclays PLC Group |
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Barclays Bank PLC Group |
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Barclays PLC Group |
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Barclays Bank PLC Group |
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Barclays PLC Group |
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Barclays Bank PLC Group |
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Capital ratios |
% | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 ratio |
8.6 | 8.6 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Risk asset ratio |
13.6 | 13.5 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Risk weighted assets |
£m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | ||||||||||||||||
Credit risk |
266,912 | 266,912 | 244,474 | 244,469 | 265,264 | 265,259 | 233,630 | 233,630 | ||||||||||||||||
Counterparty risk |
70,902 | 70,902 | 41,203 | 41,203 | 51,947 | 51,947 | 33,912 | 33,912 | ||||||||||||||||
Market risk |
65,372 | 65,372 | 39,812 | 39,812 | 36,265 | 36,265 | 30,291 | 30,291 | ||||||||||||||||
Operational risk |
30,116 | 30,116 | 28,389 | 28,389 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||||||||||||||||
Total risk weighted assets |
433,302 | 433,302 | 353,878 | 353,873 | 353,476 | 353,471 | 297,833 | 297,833 | ||||||||||||||||
Total net capital resources
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital resources (as defined for regulatory purposes) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
£m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | £m | |||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Called up share capital |
2,093 | 2,338 | 1,651 | 2,382 | 1,651 | 2,382 | 1,634 | 2,363 | ||||||||||||||||
Eligible reserves |
31,156 | 36,639 | 22,939 | 26,028 | 22,526 | 25,615 | 19,608 | 21,700 | ||||||||||||||||
Minority interests |
13,915 | 8,038 | 10,551 | 5,857 | 10,551 | 5,857 | 7,899 | 4,528 | ||||||||||||||||
Tier One Notes |
1,086 | 1,086 | 899 | 899 | 899 | 899 | 909 | 909 | ||||||||||||||||
Less: Intangible assets |
(9,964 | ) | (9,964 | ) | (8,191 | ) | (8,191 | ) | (8,191 | ) | (8,191 | ) | (7,045 | ) | (7,045 | ) | ||||||||
Less: Deductions from Tier 1 capital |
(1,036 | ) | (1,036 | ) | (1,106 | ) | (1,106 | ) | (28 | ) | (28 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Total qualifying Tier 1 capital |
37,250 | 37,101 | 26,743 | 25,869 | 27,408 | 26,534 | 23,005 | 22,455 | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revaluation reserves |
26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | ||||||||||||||||
Available for sale equity |
122 | 122 | 295 | 295 | 295 | 295 | 221 | 221 | ||||||||||||||||
Collectively assessed impairment allowances |
1,654 | 1,654 | 440 | 440 | 2,619 | 2,619 | 2,556 | 2,556 | ||||||||||||||||
Minority interests |
607 | 607 | 442 | 442 | 442 | 442 | 451 | 451 | ||||||||||||||||
Qualifying subordinated liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Undated loan capital |
6,745 | 6,768 | 3,191 | 3,191 | 3,191 | 3,191 | 3,180 | 3,180 | ||||||||||||||||
Dated loan capital |
14,215 | 14,215 | 10,578 | 10,578 | 10,578 | 10,578 | 7,603 | 7,603 | ||||||||||||||||
Less: Deductions from Tier 2 capital |
(1,036 | ) | (1,036 | ) | (1,106 | ) | (1,106 | ) | (28 | ) | (28 | ) | | | ||||||||||
Total qualifying Tier 2 capital |
22,333 | 22,356 | 13,866 | 13,866 | 17,123 | 17,123 | 14,036 | 14,036 | ||||||||||||||||
Less: Regulatory deductions |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments not consolidated for supervisory purposes |
(403 | ) | (403 | ) | (633 | ) | (633 | ) | (633 | ) | (633 | ) | (982 | ) | (982 | ) | ||||||||
Other deductions |
(453 | ) | (561 | ) | (193 | ) | (193 | ) | (1,256 | ) | (1,256 | ) | (1,348 | ) | (1,348 | ) | ||||||||
Total deductions |
(856 | ) | (964 | ) | (826 | ) | (826 | ) | (1,889 | ) | (1,889 | ) | (2,330 | ) | (2,330 | ) | ||||||||
Total net capital resources |
58,727 | 58,493 | 39,783 | 38,909 | 42,642 | 41,768 | 34,711 | 34,161 |
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Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Deposits and short-term borrowings
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Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Commitments and contractual obligations
Commercial commitments include guarantees, contingent liabilities and standby facilities.
Commercial commitments
2008 Amount of commitment expiration per period | ||||||||||
Less than one year £m |
Between one to £m |
Between three to £m |
After £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
576 | 6 | 3 | | 585 | |||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security |
7,272 | 2,529 | 1,781 | 4,070 | 15,652 | |||||
Securities lending arrangements |
38,290 | | | | 38,290 | |||||
Other contingent liabilities |
7,989 | 1,604 | 372 | 1,818 | 11,783 | |||||
Documentary credits and other short-term trade related transactions |
770 | 88 | 1 | | 859 | |||||
Forward asset purchases and forward deposits placed |
50 | 241 | | | 291 | |||||
Standby facilities, credit lines and other |
195,035 | 29,666 | 26,150 | 8,815 | 259,666 | |||||
2007 Amount of commitment expiration per period | ||||||||||
Less than £m |
Between one to £m |
Between three to five years £m |
After five years £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
365 | | | | 365 | |||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security |
6,417 | 2,711 | 1,971 | 1,874 | 12,973 | |||||
Securities lending arrangements |
22,719 | | | | 22,719 | |||||
Other contingent liabilities |
6,594 | 1,556 | 416 | 1,151 | 9,717 | |||||
Documentary credits and other short-term trade related transactions |
401 | 121 | | | 522 | |||||
Forward asset purchases and forward deposits placed |
283 | | | | 283 | |||||
Standby facilities, credit lines and other |
136,457 | 17,039 | 28,127 | 10,211 | 191,834 | |||||
Contractual obligations include debt securities, operating lease and purchase obligations.
Contractual obligations | ||||||||||
2008 Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Less than £m |
Between one to three years £m |
Between five years £m |
After five years £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Long-term debt |
108,172 | 24,701 | 10,855 | 22,008 | 165,736 | |||||
Operating lease obligations |
280 | 690 | 785 | 2,745 | 4,500 | |||||
Purchase obligations |
214 | 225 | 61 | 20 | 520 | |||||
Total |
108,666 | 25,616 | 11,701 | 24,773 | 170,756 | |||||
2007 Payments due by period | ||||||||||
Less than one year £m |
Between one to three years £m |
Between three to five years £m |
After five years £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Long-term debt |
90,201 | 13,558 | 8,630 | 19,358 | 131,747 | |||||
Operating lease obligations |
197 | 755 | 610 | 2,225 | 3,787 | |||||
Purchase obligations |
141 | 186 | 27 | 6 | 360 | |||||
Total |
90,539 | 14,499 | 9,267 | 21,589 | 135,894 |
The long-term debt does not include undated loan capital of £13,673m (2007: £6,631m).
Further information on the contractual maturity of the Groups assets and liabilities is given in Note 49.
32 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
The following table analyses the book value of securities which are carried at fair value.
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Book value £m |
Amortised £m |
Book value £m |
Amortised £m |
Book value £m |
Amortised £m | |||||||
Investment securities available for sale |
||||||||||||
Debt securities: |
||||||||||||
United Kingdom government |
1,238 | 1,240 | 78 | 81 | 758 | 761 | ||||||
Other government |
11,456 | 11,338 | 7,383 | 7,434 | 12,587 | 12,735 | ||||||
Other public bodies |
2,373 | 2,379 | 634 | 632 | 280 | 277 | ||||||
Mortgage and asset backed securities |
3,510 | 4,126 | 1,367 | 1,429 | 1,706 | 1,706 | ||||||
Bank and building society certificates of deposit |
10,478 | 10,535 | 3,028 | 3,029 | 6,686 | 6,693 | ||||||
Corporate and other issuers |
29,776 | 30,363 | 26,183 | 26,219 | 25,895 | 25,857 | ||||||
Equity securities |
2,142 | 1,814 | 1,676 | 1,418 | 1,371 | 1,047 | ||||||
Investment securities available for sale |
60,973 | 61,795 | 40,349 | 40,242 | 49,283 | 49,076 | ||||||
Other securities held for trading |
||||||||||||
Debt securities: |
||||||||||||
United Kingdom government |
6,955 | n/a | 3,832 | n/a | 4,986 | n/a | ||||||
Other government |
50,727 | n/a | 51,104 | n/a | 46,845 | n/a | ||||||
Mortgage and asset backed securities |
30,748 | n/a | 37,038 | n/a | 29,606 | n/a | ||||||
Bank and building society certificates of deposit |
7,518 | n/a | 17,751 | n/a | 14,159 | n/a | ||||||
Corporate and other issuers |
52,738 | n/a | 43,053 | n/a | 44,980 | n/a | ||||||
Equity securities |
30,535 | n/a | 36,307 | n/a | 31,548 | n/a | ||||||
Other securities held for trading |
179,221 | n/a | 189,085 | n/a | 172,124 | n/a |
Investment debt securities include government securities held as part of the Groups treasury management portfolio for asset and liability, liquidity and regulatory purposes and are for use on a continuing basis in the activities of the Group. In addition, the Group holds as investments listed and unlisted corporate securities.
Bank and building society certificates of deposit are freely negotiable and have original maturities of up to five years, but are typically held for shorter periods.
In addition to UK government securities shown above, at 31st December 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Group held the following government securities which exceeded 10% of shareholders equity.
Government securities
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Book value £m |
Book value £m |
Book value £m | ||||
United States |
17,165 | 15,156 | 18,343 | |||
Japan |
9,092 | 9,124 | 15,505 | |||
Germany |
5,832 | 5,136 | 4,741 | |||
France |
4,091 | 3,538 | 4,336 | |||
Italy |
6,091 | 5,090 | 3,419 | |||
Spain |
3,647 | 3,674 | 2,859 |
Maturities and yield of available for sale debt securities
Maturing within one year |
Maturing after one but within five years |
Maturing after five but within ten years |
Maturing after ten years |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Amount £m |
Yield % |
Amount £m |
Yield % |
Amount £m |
Yield % |
Amount £m |
Yield % |
Amount £m |
Yield % | |||||||||||
Government |
3,096 | 6.0 | 5,410 | 5.1 | 1,694 | 1.1 | 2,493 | 0.9 | 12,693 | 4.0 | ||||||||||
Other public bodies |
832 | 1.9 | 1,526 | 0.9 | 1 | | 14 | 4.7 | 2,373 | 1.3 | ||||||||||
Other issuers |
21,749 | 4.3 | 9,692 | 3.8 | 7,702 | 4.4 | 4,622 | 5.7 | 43,765 | 4.3 | ||||||||||
Total book value |
25,677 | 4.4 | 16,628 | 3.9 | 9,397 | 3.8 | 7,129 | 4.0 | 58,831 | 4.1 |
The yield for each range of maturities is calculated by dividing the annualised interest income prevailing at 31st December 2008 by the fair value of securities held at that date.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
33 |
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Average balance sheet and net interest income (year ended 31st December)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Average balance a £m |
|
Interest £m |
|
Average rate % |
Average balance a £m |
|
Interest £m |
|
Average rate % |
Average balance a £m |
|
Interest £m |
|
Average rate % | ||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks b : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
38,913 | 1,453 | 3.7 | 29,431 | 1,074 | 3.6 | 18,401 | 647 | 3.5 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
14,379 | 419 | 2.9 | 12,262 | 779 | 6.4 | 12,278 | 488 | 4.0 | |||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers b : |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
249,081 | 13,714 | 5.5 | 205,707 | 13,027 | 6.3 | 184,392 | 11,247 | 6.1 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
116,284 | 9,208 | 7.9 | 88,212 | 6,733 | 7.6 | 77,615 | 4,931 | 6.4 | |||||||||||||||
Lease receivables: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
4,827 | 281 | 5.8 | 4,822 | 283 | 5.9 | 5,266 | 300 | 5.7 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
6,543 | 752 | 11.5 | 5,861 | 691 | 11.8 | 6,162 | 595 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||||
Financial investments: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
35,844 | 1,654 | 4.6 | 37,803 | 2,039 | 5.4 | 41,125 | 1,936 | 4.7 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
10,450 | 697 | 6.7 | 14,750 | 452 | 3.1 | 14,191 | 830 | 5.8 | |||||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
207,521 | 8,768 | 4.2 | 211,709 | 9,644 | 4.6 | 166,713 | 6,136 | 3.7 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
128,250 | 4,450 | 3.5 | 109,012 | 5,454 | 5.0 | 100,416 | 5,040 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
107,626 | 4,948 | 4.6 | 120,691 | 5,926 | 4.9 | 106,148 | 4,166 | 3.9 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
128,287 | 5,577 | 4.3 | 57,535 | 3,489 | 6.1 | 61,370 | 2,608 | 4.2 | |||||||||||||||
Total average interest earning assets |
1,048,005 | 51,921 | 5.0 | 897,795 | 49,591 | 5.5 | 794,077 | 38,924 | 4.9 | |||||||||||||||
Impairment allowances/provisions |
(5,749 | ) | (4,435 | ) | (3,565 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest earning assets |
711,856 | 422,834 | 310,949 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total average assets and interest income |
1,754,112 | 51,921 | 3.0 | 1,316,194 | 49,591 | 3.8 | 1,101,461 | 38,924 | 3.5 | |||||||||||||||
Percentage of total average interest earning assets in offices outside the United Kingdom |
38.6% | 32.0% | 34.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total average interest earning assets related to: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
51,921 | 5.0 | 49,591 | 5.5 | 38,924 | 4.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(38,181 | ) | 3.6 | (37,892 | ) | 4.2 | (30,385 | ) | 3.8 | |||||||||||||||
13,740 | 1.4 | 11,699 | 1.3 | 8,539 | 1.1 |
Notes
a | Average balances are based upon daily averages for most UK banking operations and monthly averages elsewhere. |
b | Loans and advances to customers and banks include all doubtful lendings, including non-accrual lendings. Interest receivable on such lendings has been included to the extent to which either cash payments have been received or interest has been accrued in accordance with the income recognition policy of the Group. |
34 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Average balance sheet
Average balance sheet and net interest income (year ended 31st December)
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||
Average balance a £m |
Interest £m |
Average rate % |
Average balance a £m |
Interest £m |
Average rate % |
Average balance a £m |
Interest £m |
Average rate % | ||||||||||
Liabilities and shareholders equity |
||||||||||||||||||
Deposits by banks: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
70,272 | 2,780 | 4.0 | 63,902 | 2,511 | 3.9 | 62,236 | 2, 464 | 4.0 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
32,172 | 956 | 3.0 | 27,596 | 1,225 | 4.4 | 23,438 | 1,137 | 4.9 | |||||||||
Customer accounts: |
||||||||||||||||||
demand deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
24,333 | 910 | 3.7 | 29,110 | 858 | 2.9 | 25,397 | 680 | 2.7 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
14,902 | 572 | 3.8 | 13,799 | 404 | 2.9 | 10,351 | 254 | 2.5 | |||||||||
Customer accounts: |
||||||||||||||||||
savings deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
71,062 | 2,143 | 3.0 | 55,064 | 2,048 | 3.7 | 57,734 | 1,691 | 2.9 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
7,033 | 413 | 5.9 | 4,848 | 128 | 2.6 | 3,124 | 74 | 2.4 | |||||||||
Customer accounts: |
||||||||||||||||||
other time deposits retail: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
32,283 | 1,523 | 4.7 | 30,578 | 1,601 | 5.2 | 34,865 | 1,548 | 4.4 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
20,055 | 1,350 | 6.7 | 12,425 | 724 | 5.8 | 8,946 | 482 | 5.4 | |||||||||
Customer accounts: |
||||||||||||||||||
other time deposits wholesale: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
60,574 | 2,362 | 3.9 | 52,147 | 2,482 | 4.8 | 45,930 | 1,794 | 3.9 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
31,300 | 2,094 | 6.7 | 24,298 | 1,661 | 6.8 | 23,442 | 1,191 | 5.1 | |||||||||
Debt securities in issue: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
41,014 | 1,920 | 4.7 | 41,552 | 2,053 | 4.9 | 47,216 | 1,850 | 3.9 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
80,768 | 3,734 | 4.6 | 94,271 | 5,055 | 5.4 | 74,125 | 3,686 | 5.0 | |||||||||
Dated and undated loan capital and other subordinated liabilities principally: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
22,912 | 1,435 | 6.3 | 12,972 | 763 | 5.9 | 13,686 | 777 | 5.7 | |||||||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
203,967 | 8,445 | 4.1 | 169,272 | 7,616 | 4.5 | 141,862 | 5,080 | 3.6 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
177,883 | 2,800 | 1.6 | 118,050 | 5,051 | 4.3 | 86,693 | 4,311 | 5.0 | |||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
56,675 | 2,657 | 4.7 | 47,971 | 2,277 | 4.7 | 49,892 | 2,014 | 4.0 | |||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
62,239 | 2,087 | 3.4 | 29,838 | 1,435 | 4.8 | 39,064 | 1,352 | 3.5 | |||||||||
Total average interest bearing liabilities |
1,009,444 | 38,181 | 3.8 | 827,693 | 37,892 | 4.6 | 748,001 | 30,385 | 4.1 | |||||||||
Interest free customer deposits: |
||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the United Kingdom |
40,439 | 34,109 | 27,549 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the United Kingdom |
3,089 | 3,092 | 2,228 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-interest bearing liabilities |
664,458 | 421,473 | 297,816 | |||||||||||||||
Minority and other interests and shareholders equity |
36,682 | 29,827 | 25,867 | |||||||||||||||
Total average liabilities, shareholders equity and interest expense |
1,754,112 | 38,181 | 2.2 | 1,316,194 | 37,892 | 2.9 | 1,101,461 | 30,385 | 2.8 | |||||||||
Percentage of total average interest bearing non-capital liabilities in offices outside the United Kingdom |
42.2% | 39.4% | 36.1% |
Note
a | Average balances are based upon daily averages for most UK banking operations and monthly averages elsewhere. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
35 |
2008/2007 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: |
2007/2006 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: |
2006/2005 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m |
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m |
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest receivable |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
379 | 354 | 25 | 427 | 402 | 25 | 193 | 121 | 72 | |||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(360 | ) | 117 | (477 | ) | 291 | (1 | ) | 292 | 85 | 46 | 39 | ||||||||||||||
19 | 471 | (452 | ) | 718 | 401 | 317 | 278 | 167 | 111 | |||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
687 | 2,525 | (1,838 | ) | 1,780 | 1,337 | 443 | 1,018 | 726 | 292 | ||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
2,475 | 2,214 | 261 | 1,802 | 728 | 1,074 | 1,956 | 1,695 | 261 | |||||||||||||||||
3,162 | 4,739 | (1,577 | ) | 3,582 | 2,065 | 1,517 | 2,974 | 2,421 | 553 | |||||||||||||||||
Lease receivables: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(2 | ) | | (2 | ) | (17 | ) | (26 | ) | 9 | (48 | ) | (70 | ) | 22 | |||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
61 | 79 | (18 | ) | 96 | (30 | ) | 126 | 478 | 413 | 65 | |||||||||||||||
59 | 79 | (20 | ) | 79 | (56 | ) | 135 | 430 | 343 | 87 | ||||||||||||||||
Financial investments: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(385 | ) | (102 | ) | (283 | ) | 103 | (165 | ) | 268 | 181 | (85 | ) | 266 | ||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
245 | (163 | ) | 408 | (378 | ) | 32 | (410 | ) | 363 | 202 | 161 | ||||||||||||||
(140 | ) | (265 | ) | 125 | (275 | ) | (133 | ) | (142 | ) | 544 | 117 | 427 | |||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(876 | ) | (188 | ) | (688 | ) | 3,508 | 1,865 | 1,643 | 1,519 | 324 | 1,195 | ||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(1,004 | ) | 855 | (1,859 | ) | 414 | 430 | (16 | ) | 2,316 | 254 | 2,062 | ||||||||||||||
(1,880 | ) | 667 | (2,547 | ) | 3,922 | 2,295 | 1,627 | 3,835 | 578 | 3,257 | ||||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(978 | ) | (616 | ) | (362 | ) | 1,760 | 621 | 1,139 | 1,456 | 907 | 549 | ||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
2,088 | 3,303 | (1,215 | ) | 881 | (172 | ) | 1,053 | 492 | 151 | 341 | |||||||||||||||
1,110 | 2,687 | (1,577 | ) | 2,641 | 449 | 2,192 | 1,948 | 1,058 | 890 | |||||||||||||||||
Total interest receivable: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(1,175 | ) | 1,973 | (3,148 | ) | 7,561 | 4,034 | 3,527 | 4,319 | 1,923 | 2,396 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
3,505 | 6,405 | (2,900 | ) | 3,106 | 987 | 2,119 | 5,690 | 2,761 | 2,929 | ||||||||||||||||
2,330 | 8,378 | (6,048 | ) | 10,667 | 5,021 | 5,646 | 10,009 | 4,684 | 5,325 |
36 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Average balance sheet
Changes in net interest income volume and rate analysis
2008/2007 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: |
2007/2006 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: |
2006/2005 Change due to increase/ (decrease) in: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m |
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m |
Total change £m |
Volume £m |
Rate £m |
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest payable |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits by banks: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
269 | 252 | 17 | 47 | 66 | (19 | ) | 799 | 247 | 552 | |||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(269 | ) | 181 | (450 | ) | 88 | 190 | (102 | ) | 432 | 52 | 380 | |||||||||||||||
| 433 | (433 | ) | 135 | 256 | (121 | ) | 1,231 | 299 | 932 | |||||||||||||||||
Customer accounts demand deposits: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
52 | (155 | ) | 207 | 178 | 105 | 73 | 170 | 68 | 102 | |||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
168 | 34 | 134 | 150 | 95 | 55 | 166 | 80 | 86 | ||||||||||||||||||
220 | (121 | ) | 341 | 328 | 200 | 128 | 336 | 148 | 188 | ||||||||||||||||||
Customer accounts savings deposits: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
95 | 527 | (432 | ) | 357 | (81 | ) | 438 | 121 | 152 | (31 | ) | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
285 | 77 | 208 | 54 | 45 | 9 | 35 | 28 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
380 | 604 | (224 | ) | 411 | (36 | ) | 447 | 156 | 180 | (24 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Customer accounts other time deposits retail: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(78 | ) | 86 | (164 | ) | 53 | (204 | ) | 257 | 78 | 41 | 37 | |||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
626 | 500 | 126 | 242 | 200 | 42 | 222 | 125 | 97 | ||||||||||||||||||
548 | 586 | (38 | ) | 295 | (4 | ) | 299 | 300 | 166 | 134 | |||||||||||||||||
Customer accounts other time deposits wholesale: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(120 | ) | 367 | (487 | ) | 688 | 263 | 425 | 603 | 129 | 474 | ||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
433 | 469 | (36 | ) | 470 | 45 | 425 | 601 | 550 | 51 | |||||||||||||||||
313 | 836 | (523 | ) | 1,158 | 308 | 850 | 1,204 | 679 | 525 | ||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities in issue: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
(133 | ) | (26 | ) | (107 | ) | 203 | (240 | ) | 443 | 219 | 22 | 197 | ||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(1,321 | ) | (673 | ) | (648 | ) | 1,369 | 1,063 | 306 | 1,991 | 850 | 1,141 | |||||||||||||||
(1,454 | ) | (699 | ) | (755 | ) | 1,572 | 823 | 749 | 2,210 | 872 | 1,338 | ||||||||||||||||
Dated and undated loan capital and other subordinated liabilities principally in offices in the UK |
672 | 620 | 52 | (14 | ) | (41 | ) | 27 | 172 | 135 | 37 | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
829 | 1,471 | (642 | ) | 2,536 | 1,090 | 1,446 | 1,446 | 329 | 1,117 | |||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(2,251 | ) | 1,840 | (4,091 | ) | 740 | 1,402 | (662 | ) | 1,932 | 200 | 1,732 | |||||||||||||||
(1,422 | ) | 3,311 | (4,733 | ) | 3,276 | 2,492 | 784 | 3,378 | 529 | 2,849 | |||||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
380 | 408 | (28 | ) | 263 | (80 | ) | 343 | 277 | 222 | 55 | ||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
652 | 1,189 | (537 | ) | 83 | (366 | ) | 449 | 156 | 85 | 71 | ||||||||||||||||
1,032 | 1,597 | (565 | ) | 346 | (446 | ) | 792 | 433 | 307 | 126 | |||||||||||||||||
Total interest payable: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
in offices in the UK |
1,966 | 3,550 | (1,584 | ) | 4,311 | 878 | 3,433 | 3,885 | 1,345 | 2,540 | |||||||||||||||||
in offices outside the UK |
(1,677 | ) | 3,617 | (5,294 | ) | 3,196 | 2,674 | 522 | 5,535 | 1,970 | 3,565 | ||||||||||||||||
289 | 7,167 | (6,878 | ) | 7,507 | 3,552 | 3,955 | 9,420 | 3,315 | 6,105 | ||||||||||||||||||
Movement in net interest income Increase/(decrease) in interest receivable |
2,330 | 8,378 | (6,048 | ) | 10,667 | 5,021 | 5,646 | 10,009 | 4,684 | 5,325 | |||||||||||||||||
(Increase)/decrease in interest payable |
(289 | ) | (7,167 | ) | 6,878 | (7,507 | ) | (3,552 | ) | (3,955 | ) | (9,420 | ) | (3,315 | ) | (6,105 | ) | ||||||||||
2,041 | 1,211 | 830 | 3,160 | 1,469 | 1,691 | 589 | 1,369 | (780 | ) |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
37 |
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Off-balance sheet arrangements
38 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Off-balance sheet arrangements
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
39 |
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
40 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Additional financial disclosure
Critical accounting estimates
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 41 |
42 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Analysis of results by business
For the year ended 31st December 2008
UK £m |
Barclays Commercial £m |
Barclaycard £m |
GRCB Western Europe £m |
GRCB Emerging Markets £m |
GRCB Absa £m |
|||||||||||||
Net interest income | 2,996 | 1,757 | 1,786 | 856 | 616 | 1,104 | ||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income | 1,299 | 861 | 1,299 | 383 | 223 | 762 | ||||||||||||
Principal transactions | | 22 | 82 | 165 | 169 | 111 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts | 205 | | 44 | 352 | | 234 | ||||||||||||
Other income | 17 | 105 | 19 | 39 | 11 | 113 | ||||||||||||
Total income | 4,517 | 2,745 | 3,230 | 1,795 | 1,019 | 2,324 | ||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts | (35 | ) | | (11 | ) | (365 | ) | | (126 | ) | ||||||||
Total income, net of insurance claims | 4,482 | 2,745 | 3,219 | 1,430 | 1,019 | 2,198 | ||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions | (602 | ) | (414 | ) | (1,097 | ) | (296 | ) | (166 | ) | (347 | ) | ||||||
Net income | 3,880 | 2,331 | 2,122 | 1,134 | 853 | 1,851 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | (2,519 | ) | (1,063 | ) | (1,422 | ) | (929 | ) | (719 | ) | (1,305 | ) | ||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | 8 | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | | | 5 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries | | | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||
Gains on acquisitions | | | 92 | 52 | | | ||||||||||||
Profit before tax | 1,369 | 1,266 | 789 | 257 | 134 | 552 | ||||||||||||
As at 31st December 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 101,384 | 84,029 | 30,925 | 64,732 | 14,653 | 40,391 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 104,640 | 64,997 | 3,004 | 37,250 | 10,517 | 20,720 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
43 |
Analysis of results by business For the year ended 31st December 2008 |
|||||||||
Barclays £m |
Barclays £m |
Barclays Wealth £m |
|||||||
Net interest income | 1,724 | (38 | ) | 486 | |||||
Net fee and commission income | 1,429 | 1,917 | 720 | ||||||
Principal transactions | 2,065 | (43 | ) | (344 | ) | ||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts | | | 136 | ||||||
Other income | 13 | 8 | 26 | ||||||
Total income | 5,231 | 1,844 | 1,024 | ||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts | | | 300 | ||||||
Total income, net of insurance claims | 5,231 | 1,844 | 1,324 | ||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions | (2,423 | ) | | (44 | ) | ||||
Net income | 2,808 | 1,844 | 1,280 | ||||||
Operating expenses | (3,774 | ) | (1,249 | ) | (935 | ) | |||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | 6 | | | ||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries | | | 326 | ||||||
Gain on acquisition | 2,262 | | | ||||||
Profit before tax | 1,302 | 595 | 671 | ||||||
As at 31st December 2008 | |||||||||
Total assets | 1,629,117 | 71,340 | 13,263 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 1,603,093 | 68,372 | 45,846 |
44 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Notes
a | Decrease in 2007 reflects the consolidation of Woolwich and Barclays current accounts. |
b | Excludes Housing Associations. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 45 |
UK Retail Banking
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
2,996 | 2,858 | 2,765 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
1,299 | 1,183 | 1,232 | |||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
205 | 252 | 342 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
17 | 47 | 42 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
4,517 | 4,340 | 4,381 | |||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits on insurance contracts |
(35 | ) | (43 | ) | (35 | ) | ||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
4,482 | 4,297 | 4,346 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges |
(602 | ) | (559 | ) | (635 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
3,880 | 3,738 | 3,711 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(2,499 | ) | (2,461 | ) | (2,531 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(20 | ) | (9 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(2,519 | ) | (2,470 | ) | (2,532 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
8 | 7 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,369 | 1,275 | 1,181 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 94.4bn | £ | 82.0bn | £ | 74.7bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
£ | 89.6bn | £ | 87.1bn | £ | 82.3bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 101.4bn | £ | 88.5bn | £ | 81.7bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
27 | % | 28 | % | 28 | % | ||||||||||
Cost:income ratio |
56 | % | 57 | % | 58 | % | ||||||||||
Cost:net income ratio |
65 | % | 66 | % | 68 | % | ||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk tendency |
£ | 520m | £ | 470m | £ | 500m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 633m | £ | 617m | £ | 590m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa |
£ | 30.5bn | £ | 31.5bn | £ | 43.0bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
46 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 47 |
Barclays Commercial Bank
2008 £m
|
2007 £m
|
2006 £m
|
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
1,757 | 1,747 | 1,710 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
861 | 750 | 643 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income |
3 | 9 | 2 | |||||||||||||
Net investment income |
19 | 47 | 28 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
22 | 56 | 30 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
105 | 11 | 21 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
2,745 | 2,564 | 2,404 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
(414 | ) | (292 | ) | (253 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
2,331 | 2,272 | 2,151 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(1,048 | ) | (924 | ) | (867 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(15 | ) | (5 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(1,063 | ) | (929 | ) | (868 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
(2 | ) | | 3 | ||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
| 14 | 76 | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,266 | 1,357 | 1,362 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 67.5bn | £ | 63.7bn | £ | 56.6bn | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers including those designated at fair value |
£ | 80.5bn | £ | 70.7bn | £ | 62.1bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
£ | 60.6bn | £ | 60.8bn | £ | 57.4bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 84.0bn | £ | 74.6bn | £ | 66.2bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
26 | % | 30 | % | 36 | % | ||||||||||
Cost:income ratio |
39 | % | 36 | % | 36 | % | ||||||||||
Cost:net income ratio |
46 | % | 41 | % | 40 | % | ||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 400m | £ | 305m | £ | 300m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 544m | £ | 635m | £ | 729m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa |
£ | 63.1bn | £ | 57.0bn | £ | 50.3bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
48 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 49 |
Barclaycard
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||
£m | £m | £m | ||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
1,786 | 1,374 | 1,363 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
1,299 | 1,143 | 1,183 | |||||||||||||
Net tracking income |
2 | | | |||||||||||||
Net investment income |
80 | 11 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
82 | 11 | 20 | |||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
44 | 40 | 18 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
19 | (25 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Total income |
3,230 | 2,543 | 2,584 | |||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
(11 | ) | (13 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
3,219 | 2,530 | 2,576 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
(1,097 | ) | (827 | ) | (1,053 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
2,122 | 1,703 | 1,523 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(1,361 | ) | (1,057 | ) | (969 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(61 | ) | (36 | ) | (24 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(1,422 | ) | (1,093 | ) | (993 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
(3 | ) | (7 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain on acquisition |
92 | | | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
789 | 603 | 522 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 27.4bn | £ | 19.7bn | £ | 18.1bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 30.9bn | £ | 22.1bn | £ | 20.0bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
23% | 20% | 19% | |||||||||||||
Cost: income ratio |
44% | 43% | 39% | |||||||||||||
Cost: net income ratio |
67% | 64% | 65% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 1,475m | £ | 955m | £ | 1,090m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 335m | £ | 213m | £ | 183m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assets a |
£ | 27.3bn | £ | 20.2bn | £ | 16.9bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
50 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
51 |
GRCB Western Europe
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
856 | 527 | 436 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
383 | 322 | 248 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income |
4 | 13 | 14 | |||||||||||||
Net investment income |
161 | 93 | 65 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
165 | 106 | 79 | |||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
352 | 145 | 110 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
39 | 7 | 16 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
1,795 | 1,107 | 889 | |||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred under insurance contracts |
(365 | ) | (170 | ) | (138 | ) | ||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
1,430 | 937 | 751 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges |
(296 | ) | (76 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
1,134 | 861 | 713 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(915 | ) | (665 | ) | (542 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(14 | ) | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(929 | ) | (673 | ) | (550 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
| | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
| 8 | | |||||||||||||
Gain on acquisition |
52 | | | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
257 | 196 | 162 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 53.5bn | £ | 35.0bn | £ | 26.9bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
£ | 15.3bn | £ | 9.4bn | £ | 6.8bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 64.7bn | £ | 43.7bn | £ | 33.5bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
19% | 11% | 11% | |||||||||||||
Cost: income ratio |
65% | 72% | 73% | |||||||||||||
Cost: net income ratio |
82% | 78% | 77% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 270m | £ | 135m | £ | 90m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 164m | £ | 16m | £ | 9m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa |
£ | 36.5bn | £ | 25.0bn | £ | 17.6bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
52 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 53 |
GRCB Emerging Markets
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | 616 | 319 | 246 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income | 223 | 140 | 141 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income | 78 | 56 | 3 | |||||||||||||
Net investment income | 91 | 16 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions | 169 | 72 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts | | | 1 | |||||||||||||
Other income | 11 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Total income | 1,019 | 533 | 396 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges | (166 | ) | (39 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income | 853 | 494 | 366 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets | (711 | ) | (391 | ) | (269 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets | (8 | ) | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses | (719 | ) | (395 | ) | (270 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | | 1 | 41 | |||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | | | 247 | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax | 134 | 100 | 384 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information | ||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | £ | 10.1bn | £ | 5.1bn | £ | 2.7bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts | £ | 9.6bn | £ | 6.2bn | £ | 4.2bn | ||||||||||
Total assets | £ | 14.7bn | £ | 9.2bn | £ | 5.2bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital | 9% | 15% | 103% | |||||||||||||
Cost: income ratio | 71% | 74% | 68% | |||||||||||||
Cost: net income ratio | 84% | 80% | 74% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures | ||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency | £ | 350m | £ | 140m | £ | 35m | ||||||||||
Economic profit | £ | (11m | ) | £ | 26m | £ | 308m | |||||||||
Risk weighted assets a | £ | 15.1bn | £ | 10.5bn | £ | 3.3bn |
Note |
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
54 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 55 |
GRCB Absa
|
||||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
1,104 | 1,055 | 983 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
762 | 684 | 754 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income/(expense) |
6 | | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net investment income |
105 | 70 | 117 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
111 | 70 | 106 | |||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
234 | 227 | 240 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
113 | 77 | 54 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
2,324 | 2,113 | 2,137 | |||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred under insurance contracts |
(126 | ) | (114 | ) | (106 | ) | ||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
2,198 | 1,999 | 2,031 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges |
(347 | ) | (146 | ) | (112 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
1,851 | 1,853 | 1,919 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(1,255 | ) | (1,212 | ) | (1,250 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(50 | ) | (55 | ) | (69 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(1,305 | ) | (1,267 | ) | (1,319 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
5 | 6 | 9 | |||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
1 | 5 | | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
552 | 597 | 609 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 32.7bn | £ | 29.9bn | £ | 23.5bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
£ | 17.0bn | £ | 13.0bn | £ | 10.9bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 40.4bn | £ | 36.4bn | £ | 29.6bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
20% | 20% | 29% | |||||||||||||
Cost:income ratio |
59% | 63% | 65% | |||||||||||||
Cost:net income ratio |
71% | 68% | 69% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 255m | £ | 190m | £ | 130m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 70m | £ | 98m | £ | 138m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa |
£ | 18.8bn | £ | 17.8bn | £ | 19.8bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
56 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 57 |
Barclays Capital
|
||||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
1,724 | 1,179 | 1,158 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
1,429 | 1,235 | 952 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income |
1,506 | 3,739 | 3,562 | |||||||||||||
Net investment income |
559 | 953 | 573 | |||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
2,065 | 4,692 | 4,135 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
13 | 13 | 22 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
5,231 | 7,119 | 6,267 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
(2,423 | ) | (846 | ) | (42 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
2,808 | 6,273 | 6,225 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(3,682 | ) | (3,919 | ) | (3,996 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(92 | ) | (54 | ) | (13 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(3,774 | ) | (3,973 | ) | (4,009 | ) | ||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
6 | 35 | | |||||||||||||
Gain on acquisition |
2,262 | | | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,302 | 2,335 | 2,216 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 1,629.1bn | £ | 839.9bn | £ | 657.9bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
20% | 33% | 41% | |||||||||||||
Cost:income ratio |
72% | 56% | 64% | |||||||||||||
Cost:net income ratio |
134% | 63% | 64% | |||||||||||||
Compensation:net income ratio |
82% | 47% | 49% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 415m | £ | 140m | £ | 95m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 825m | £ | 1,172m | £ | 1,181m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa |
£ | 227.4bn | £ | 178.2bn | £ | 137.6bn | ||||||||||
Average DVaR (95%)b |
£ | 53.4m | £ | 32.5m | £ | 37.1m | ||||||||||
Average net income generated per member of staff (000) |
£ | 151 | £ | 410 | £ | 565 | ||||||||||
Corporate lending portfolio |
£ | 76.6bn | £ | 52.3bn | £ | 40.6bn |
Notes
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
b | Average DVaR for 2007 and 2006 are calculated with a 98% confidence level. |
58 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
59 |
Barclays Global Investors
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information | ||||||||||||||||
Net interest (expense)/income | (38 | ) | (8 | ) | 10 | |||||||||||
Net fee and commission income | 1,917 | 1,936 | 1,651 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income | (14 | ) | 5 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net investment (expense)/income | (29 | ) | (9 | ) | 2 | |||||||||||
Principal transactions | (43 | ) | (4 | ) | 4 | |||||||||||
Other income | 8 | 2 | | |||||||||||||
Total income | 1,844 | 1,926 | 1,665 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets | (1,234 | ) | (1,184 | ) | (946 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets | (15 | ) | (8 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses | (1,249 | ) | (1,192 | ) | (951 | ) | ||||||||||
Profit before tax | 595 | 734 | 714 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets | £ | 71.3bn | £ | 89.2bn | £ | 80.5bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios | ||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital | 88% | 241% | 228% | |||||||||||||
Cost:income ratio | 68% | 62% | 57% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures | ||||||||||||||||
Economic profit | £ | 289m | £ | 430m | £ | 376m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assetsa | £ | 3.9bn | £ | 4.4bn | £ | 1.4bn | ||||||||||
Average net income generated per member of staff (000) | £ | 512 | £ | 631 | £ | 666 |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
60 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial review
Analysis of results by business
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 61 |
Barclays Wealth
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
486 | 431 | 392 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
720 | 739 | 674 | |||||||||||||
Net trading income |
(11 | ) | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(333 | ) | 52 | 154 | ||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
(344 | ) | 55 | 156 | ||||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
136 | 195 | 210 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
26 | 19 | 16 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
1,024 | 1,439 | 1,448 | |||||||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
300 | (152 | ) | (288 | ) | |||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
1,324 | 1,287 | 1,160 | |||||||||||||
Impairment charges |
(44 | ) | (7 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income |
1,280 | 1,280 | 1,158 | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(919 | ) | (967 | ) | (909 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
(16 | ) | (6 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(935 | ) | (973 | ) | (913 | ) | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of associates and joint ventures |
326 | | | |||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
671 | 307 | 245 | |||||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
£ | 11.4bn | £ | 9.0bn | £ | 6.2bn | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
£ | 42.4bn | £ | 34.4bn | £ | 28.3bn | ||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 13.3bn | £ | 18.2bn | £ | 15.0bn | ||||||||||
Performance ratios |
||||||||||||||||
Return on average economic capital |
118% | 51% | 40% | |||||||||||||
Cost:income ratio |
71% | 76% | 79% | |||||||||||||
Cost:net income ratio |
73% | 76% | 79% | |||||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 20m | £ | 10m | £ | 10m | ||||||||||
Economic profit |
£ | 553m | £ | 233m | £ | 130m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assets a |
£ | 10.3bn | £ | 8.2bn | £ | 6.1bn | ||||||||||
Average net income generated per member of staff (000) |
£ | 176 | £ | 188 | £ | 181 |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
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Head office functions and other operations
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||||||||
Income statement information |
||||||||||||||||
Net interest income |
182 | 128 | 80 | |||||||||||||
Net fee and commission income |
(486 | ) | (424 | ) | (301 | ) | ||||||||||
Net trading (loss)/income |
(245 | ) | (66 | ) | 40 | |||||||||||
Net investment income/(expense) |
27 | (17 | ) | 2 | ||||||||||||
Principal transactions |
(218 | ) | (83 | ) | 42 | |||||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
119 | 152 | 139 | |||||||||||||
Other income |
26 | 35 | 39 | |||||||||||||
Total income |
(377 | ) | (192 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment (charges)/releases |
(30 | ) | (3 | ) | 11 | |||||||||||
Net income |
(407 | ) | (195 | ) | 10 | |||||||||||
Operating expenses excluding amortisation of intangible assets |
(451 | ) | (233 | ) | (259 | ) | ||||||||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
| (1 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(451 | ) | (234 | ) | (269 | ) | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of associates and joint ventures |
| 1 | | |||||||||||||
Loss before tax |
(858 | ) | (428 | ) | (259 | ) | ||||||||||
Balance sheet information |
||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
£ | 3.1bn | £ | 5.7bn | £ | 7.1bn | ||||||||||
Other financial measures |
||||||||||||||||
Risk Tendency |
£ | 5m | £ | 10m | £ | 10m | ||||||||||
Risk weighted assets a |
£ | 0.4bn | £ | 1.1bn | £ | 1.9bn |
Note
a | Risk weighted assets for 2008 and 2007 are calculated under Basel II. 2006 is calculated under Basel I. |
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Risk management
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Risk management
Risk factors
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Risk management
Risk factors
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73 |
Risk management
Barclays approach to risk management
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Risk management
Barclays approach to risk management
Governance structure at Group level
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Barclays approach to risk management
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Risk management
Credit risk management
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Measurement, reporting and internal ratings
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Measurement, reporting and internal ratings
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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85 |
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Analysis of total assets and credit risk exposures
Analysis of total assets |
Sub analysis | |||||||||||||||||
Assets | Loans and advancesa £m |
Debt £m |
Derivatives c £m |
Reverse repurchase agreements d £m |
Other £m |
Assets £m |
Assets not £m |
Total assets £m |
Credit market exposures e £m | |||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 30,019 | 30,019 | |||||||||||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
1,695 | 1,695 | 1,695 | |||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,544 | 4,544 | 4,544 | |||||||||||||||
Debt securities |
148,686 | 148,686 | 148,686 | 4,745 | ||||||||||||||
Equity securities f |
30,535 | 30,535 | ||||||||||||||||
Traded loans |
1,070 | 1,070 | 1,070 | |||||||||||||||
Commodities g |
802 | 802 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Trading portfolio assets |
1,070 | 153,230 | 154,300 | 31,337 | 185,637 | |||||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value |
||||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
30,057 | 130 | 30,187 | 30,187 | 14,429 | |||||||||||||
Debt securities |
8,628 | 8,628 | 8,628 | |||||||||||||||
Equity securities f |
6,496 | 6,496 | ||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets h |
1,469 | 7,283 | 479 | 9,231 | 9,231 | |||||||||||||
Held on own account |
31,526 | 8,628 | | 7,283 | 609 | 48,046 | 6,496 | 54,542 | ||||||||||
Held in respect of linked liabilities under investment contracts i |
66,657 | 66,657 | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
984,802 | 984,802 | 984,802 | 9,234 | ||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 47,707 | 47,707 | |||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
461,815 | 461,815 | 461,815 | 12,808 | ||||||||||||||
Debt securities |
58,831 | 58,831 | 58,831 | 727 | ||||||||||||||
Equity securities f |
2,142 | 2,142 | ||||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,003 | 4,003 | 4,003 | |||||||||||||||
Available for sale financial instruments |
62,834 | 62,834 | 2,142 | 64,976 | ||||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
130,354 | 130,354 | 130,354 | |||||||||||||||
Other assets |
3,096 | 3,096 | 3,206 | 6,302 | 109 | |||||||||||||
Current tax assets |
389 | 389 | ||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
341 | 341 | ||||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
7,625 | 7,625 | ||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets |
2,777 | 2,777 | ||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
4,674 | 4,674 | ||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
2,668 | 2,668 | ||||||||||||||||
Total on-balance sheet |
542,118 | 224,692 | 984,802 | 137,637 | 35,419 | 1,924,668 | 128,312 | 2,052,980 | ||||||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
585 | |||||||||||||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements |
53,942 | |||||||||||||||||
Commitments |
260,816 | 1,030 | ||||||||||||||||
Total off-balance sheet |
315,343 | |||||||||||||||||
Total maximum exposure to credit risk |
2,240,011 |
Notes
a | Further analysis of loans and advances is on pages 89 to 102 |
b | Further analysis of debt securities and other bills is on page 103 |
c | Further analysis of derivatives is on pages 104 to 105. |
d | Reverse repurchase agreements comprise primarily short-term cash lending with assets pledged by counterparties securing the loan. |
e | Further analysis of Barclays Capital credit market exposures is on pages 106 to 118. |
f | Equity securities comprise primarily equity securities determined by available quoted prices in active markets. |
g | Commodities primarily consists of physical inventory positions. |
h | These instruments consist primarily of loans with embedded derivatives and reverse repurchase agreements designated at fair value. |
i | Financial assets designated at fair value in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts have not been further analysed as the Group is not exposed to the risks inherent in these assets. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Table 1: Loans and advances at amortised cost
|
||||||||||||||||
As at 31st December 2008 | Gross loans and advances £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Loans and advances net of impairment £m |
Credit risk Loans £m |
CRLs % of gross loans and advances % |
Impairment £m |
Loan loss rates basis points |
|||||||||
Wholesale customers | 266,750 | 2,784 | 263,966 | 8,144 | 3.1 | 2,540 | 95 | |||||||||
Wholesale banks | 47,758 | 51 | 47,707 | 48 | 0.1 | 40 | 8 | |||||||||
Total wholesale |
314,508 | 2,835 | 311,673 | 8,192 | 2.6 | 2,580 | 82 | |||||||||
Retail customers | 201,588 | 3,739 | 197,849 | 7,508 | 3.7 | 2,333 | 116 | |||||||||
Total retail |
201,588 | 3,739 | 197,849 | 7,508 | 3.7 | 2,333 | 116 | |||||||||
Total |
516,096 | 6,574 | 509,522 | 15,700 | 3.0 | 4,913 | 95 | |||||||||
As at 31st December 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Wholesale customers |
187,086 | 1,309 | 185,777 | 5,157 | 2.8 | 1,190 | 64 | |||||||||
Wholesale banks |
40,123 | 3 | 40,120 | | | (13 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||
Total wholesale |
227,209 | 1,312 | 225,897 | 5,157 | 2.3 | 1,177 | 52 | |||||||||
Retail customers |
162,081 | 2,460 | 159,621 | 4,484 | 2.8 | 1,605 | 99 | |||||||||
Total retail |
162,081 | 2,460 | 159,621 | 4,484 | 2.8 | 1,605 | 99 | |||||||||
Total |
389,290 | 3,772 | 385,518 | 9,641 | 2.5 | 2,782 | 71 |
88 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Table 2: Wholesale loans and advances to customers and banks
|
||||||||||||||
As at 31st December 2008 | Gross loans and advances £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Loans and advances net of impairment £m |
Credit risk £m |
CRLs % of gross loans and advances % |
Impairment £m |
Loan loss rates basis points | |||||||
Barclays Commercial Bank |
68,904 | 504 | 68,400 | 1,181 | 1.70 | 414 | 60 | |||||||
Barclaycard |
301 | 2 | 299 | 20 | 6.60 | 11 | 365 | |||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
15,432 | 232 | 15,200 | 578 | 3.70 | 125 | 81 | |||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
7,551 | 122 | 7,429 | 191 | 2.50 | 36 | 48 | |||||||
GRCB Absa |
8,648 | 140 | 8,508 | 304 | 3.50 | 19 | 22 | |||||||
Barclays Capital |
208,596 | 1,796 | 206,800 | 5,743 | 2.80 | 1,936 | 93 | |||||||
Barclays Global Investors |
834 | | 834 | | | | | |||||||
Barclays Wealth |
3,282 | 28 | 3,254 | 174 | 5.30 | 28 | 85 | |||||||
Head office |
960 | 11 | 949 | 1 | 0.10 | 11 | 115 | |||||||
Total |
314,508 | 2,835 | 311,673 | 8,192 | 2.60 | 2,580 | 82 | |||||||
As at 31st December 2007 | ||||||||||||||
Barclays Commercial Bank |
65,535 | 483 | 65,052 | 956 | 1.50 | 292 | 45 | |||||||
Barclaycard |
295 | 3 | 292 | 17 | 5.80 | 9 | 305 | |||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
10,927 | 63 | 10,864 | 93 | 0.90 | 19 | 17 | |||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
4,833 | 79 | 4,754 | 119 | 2.50 | 10 | 21 | |||||||
GRCB Absa |
5,321 | 112 | 5,209 | 97 | 1.80 | 11 | 21 | |||||||
Barclays Capital |
136,082 | 514 | 135,568 | 3,791 | 2.80 | 833 | 61 | |||||||
Barclays Global Investors |
211 | | 211 | | | | | |||||||
Barclays Wealth |
2,745 | 7 | 2,738 | 47 | 1.70 | | | |||||||
Head office |
1,260 | 51 | 1,209 | 37 | 2.90 | 3 | 24 | |||||||
Total |
227,209 | 1,312 | 225,897 | 5,157 | 2.30 | 1,177 | 52 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
89 |
Table 3: Analysis of wholesale loans and advances net of impairment allowances
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate | Government | Settlement balance and cash collateral |
Other wholesale | Total wholesale | ||||||||||||||||
Wholesale | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
20 07 £m | ||||||||||
BCB |
67,741 | 64,773 | 659 | 279 | | | | | 68,400 | 65,052 | ||||||||||
Barclaycard |
299 | 292 | | | | | | | 299 | 292 | ||||||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
15,017 | 10,721 | 32 | 4 | | | 151 | 139 | 15,200 | 10,864 | ||||||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
5,283 | 3,276 | 1,709 | 1,193 | | | 437 | 285 | 7,429 | 4,754 | ||||||||||
GRCB Absa |
8,480 | 5,204 | 28 | 5 | | | | | 8,508 | 5,209 | ||||||||||
Barclays Capital |
72,796 | 51,038 | 3,760 | 1,220 | 79,418 | 46,639 | 50,826 | 36,671 | 206,800 | 135,568 | ||||||||||
BGI |
834 | 211 | | | | | | | 834 | 211 | ||||||||||
Barclays Wealth |
3,254 | 2,738 | | | | | | | 3,254 | 2,738 | ||||||||||
Head office |
949 | 1,209 | | | | | | | 949 | 1,209 | ||||||||||
Total |
174,653 | 139,462 | 6,188 | 2,701 | 79,418 | 46,639 | 51,414 | 37,095 | 311,673 | 225,897 |
Table 4: Analysis of Barclays Capitals loans and advances at amortised cost
|
||||||||||||||
As at 31st December 2008 | Gross loans and advances £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Loans and advances net of impairment £m |
Credit risk £m |
CRLs % of gross loans and advances % |
Impairment £m |
Loan loss rates basis points | |||||||
Loans and advances bank |
||||||||||||||
Cash collateral and settlement balances |
19,264 | | 19,264 | | | | | |||||||
Interbank lending |
24,086 | 51 | 24,035 | 48 | 0.2 | 40 | 17 | |||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
||||||||||||||
Corporate lending |
77,042 | 486 | 76,556 | 1,100 | 1.4 | 305 | 40 | |||||||
ABS CDO Super Senior |
4,117 | 1,013 | 3,104 | 4,117 | 100.0 | 1,383 | 3,359 | |||||||
Other wholesale lending |
23,933 | 246 | 23,687 | 478 | 2.0 | 208 | 87 | |||||||
Cash collateral and settlement balances |
60,154 | | 60,154 | | | | | |||||||
Total |
208,596 | 1,796 | 206,800 | 5,743 | 2.8 | 1,936 | 93 |
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|
Risk Management
Credit Risk Management
Loans and advances
Table 5: Analysis of Barclays Commercial Bank loans and advances
Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost
| ||
Total £m | ||
Financial institutions and services |
867 | |
Total |
867 | |
Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost
|
||
Total £m | ||
Business and other services |
16,611 | |
Construction |
3,974 | |
Energy and water |
1,112 | |
Financial institutions and services |
6,427 | |
Finance Lease receivables |
6,644 | |
Manufacturing |
8,378 | |
Postal and communications |
1,303 | |
Property |
8,985 | |
Transport |
2,014 | |
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure |
11,426 | |
Government |
659 | |
Total |
67,533 | |
Loans and advances held at fair value
|
||
Total £m | ||
Business and other services |
535 | |
Construction |
39 | |
Financial institutions and services |
32 | |
Property |
7,366 | |
Government |
4,994 | |
Total |
12,966 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
91 |
Table 6: Barclays Commercial Bank financial sponsor leveraged finance
Leveraged finance exposure by region
|
||
As at 31st December 2008 |
£m | |
UK |
2,111 | |
Europe |
323 | |
Other |
11 | |
Total lending and commitments |
2,445 | |
Underwriting |
28 | |
Total exposure |
2,473 | |
The industry classification of the exposure was as follows: |
||
Leveraged finance exposure by industry |
As at 31st December 2008 | Drawn £m |
Undrawn £m |
Total £m | |||
Business and other services |
1,083 | 288 | 1,371 | |||
Construction |
12 | 5 | 17 | |||
Energy and water |
43 | 17 | 60 | |||
Financial institutions and services |
58 | 10 | 68 | |||
Manufacturing |
307 | 130 | 437 | |||
Postal and communications |
35 | 2 | 37 | |||
Property |
26 | 5 | 31 | |||
Transport |
14 | 43 | 57 | |||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure |
297 | 70 | 367 | |||
Total exposure |
1,875 | 570 | 2,445 |
92 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk Management
Credit Risk Management
Loans and advances
Table 7: Retail loans and advances net of impairment allowances
As at 31st December 2008 | Gross loans and advances £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Loans and advances net of impairment £m |
Credit risk £m |
CRLs % of gross loans and advances % |
Impairment £m |
Loan loss rates basis points | |||||||
UK Retail Banking |
96,083 | 1,134 | 94,949 | 2,403 | 2.50 | 602 | 63 | |||||||
Barclaycard |
29,390 | 1,677 | 27,713 | 2,566 | 8.70 | 1,086 | 370 | |||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
38,918 | 302 | 38,616 | 794 | 2.00 | 171 | 44 | |||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
4,083 | 191 | 3,892 | 179 | 4.40 | 130 | 318 | |||||||
GRCB Absa |
24,677 | 411 | 24,266 | 1,518 | 6.20 | 328 | 133 | |||||||
Barclays Wealth |
8,437 | 24 | 8,413 | 48 | 0.60 | 16 | 19 | |||||||
Total |
201,588 | 3,739 | 197,849 | 7,508 | 3.70 | 2,333 | 116 | |||||||
As at 31st December 2007 |
||||||||||||||
UK Retail Banking |
83,764 | 1,005 | 82,759 | 2,063 | 2.50 | 559 | 67 | |||||||
Barclaycard |
20,524 | 1,093 | 19,431 | 1,601 | 7.80 | 818 | 399 | |||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
24,482 | 81 | 24,401 | 250 | 1.00 | 57 | 23 | |||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
1,881 | 44 | 1,837 | 67 | 3.60 | 29 | 154 | |||||||
GRCB Absa |
24,994 | 235 | 24,759 | 499 | 2.00 | 135 | 54 | |||||||
Barclays Wealth |
6,436 | 2 | 6,434 | 4 | 0.10 | 7 | 11 | |||||||
Total |
162,081 | 2,460 | 159,621 | 4,484 | 2.80 | 1,605 | 99 |
Table 8: Analysis of retail loans and advances net of impairment allowances
Home loans | Cards and unsecured loans | Other retail | Total retail | |||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||||||||
UK Retail Banking |
82,303 | 69,805 | 8,294 | 8,297 | 4,352 | 4,657 | 94,949 | 82,759 | ||||||||
Barclaycard |
| | 23,224 | 14,930 | 4,489 | 4,501 | 27,713 | 19,431 | ||||||||
GRCB Western Europe |
33,760 | 21,393 | 4,395 | 2,660 | 461 | 348 | 38,616 | 24,401 | ||||||||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
603 | 285 | 2,900 | 1,369 | 389 | 183 | 3,892 | 1,837 | ||||||||
GRCB Absa |
18,411 | 15,136 | 43 | | 5,812 | 9,623 | 24,266 | 24,759 | ||||||||
Barclays Wealth |
| | | | 8,413 | 6,434 | 8,413 | 6,434 | ||||||||
Total |
135,077 | 106,619 | 38,856 | 27,256 | 23,916 | 25,746 | 197,849 | 159,621 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
93 |
Table 9: Home loans distribution of balances by loan to value (mark to market)a
UK | Spain | South Africa | ||||||||||
2008 % |
2007 % |
2008 % |
2007 % |
2008 % |
2007 % | |||||||
<= 75% |
78.2 | 90.1 | 86.7 | 92.2 | 60.5 | 68.6 | ||||||
> 75% and <= 80% |
6.1 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 7.5 | 7.2 | ||||||
> 80% and <= 85% |
5.5 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 7.2 | 7.1 | ||||||
> 85% and <= 90% |
4.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 7.6 | 5.9 | ||||||
> 90% and <= 95% |
2.5 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 6.7 | 6.1 | ||||||
> 95% |
3.1 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 10.5 | 5.1 | ||||||
Portfolio loan-to-value (mark to market) |
40 | 34 | 48 | 45 | 41 | 38 | ||||||
Average loan-to-value on new mortgages during the year |
47 | 49 | 63 | 63 | 58 | 59 |
94 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk Management
Credit Risk Management
Loans and advances
CRLs and PPLs balances by UK and non-UK
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
95 |
CRLs and PPLs as a percentage of Loans and Advances
Notes
96 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Credit risk management
Loans and advances
Table 12: Potential credit risk loans and coverage ratios |
||||||||||||
CRLs | PPLs | PCRLs | ||||||||||
31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | 31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | 31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | |||||||
Retail Secured |
2,783 | 1,474 | 280 | 317 | 3,063 | 1,791 | ||||||
Retail Unsecured and other |
4,725 | 3,010 | 217 | 183 | 4,942 | 3,193 | ||||||
Retail |
7,508 | 4,484 | 497 | 500 | 8,005 | 4,984 | ||||||
Corporate/Wholesale (excl ABS) |
4,075 | 1,813 | 1,959 | 496 | 6,034 | 2,309 | ||||||
Group (excl ABS) |
11,583 | 6,297 | 2,456 | 996 | 14,039 | 7,293 | ||||||
ABS CDO Super Senior |
4,117 | 3,344 | | 801 | 4,117 | 4,145 | ||||||
Group |
15,700 | 9,641 | 2,456 | 1,797 | 18,156 | 11,438 | ||||||
Impairment allowance | CRL coverage | PCRL cove rage | ||||||||||
31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | 31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | 31.12.08 | 31.12.07 | |||||||
Retail Secured |
561 | 320 | 20.2% | 21.7% | 18.3% | 17.9% | ||||||
Retail Unsecured and other |
3,178 | 2,140 | 67.3% | 71.1% | 64.3% | 67.0% | ||||||
Retail |
3,739 | 2,460 | 49.8% | 54.9% | 46.7% | 49.4% | ||||||
Corporate/Wholesale (excl ABS) |
1,822 | 1,022 | 44.7% | 56.4% | 30.2% | 44.3% | ||||||
Group (excl ABS) |
5,561 | 3,482 | 48.0% | 55.3% | 39.6% | 47.7% | ||||||
ABS CDO Super Senior |
1,013 | 290 | 24.6% | 8.7% | 24.6% | 7.0% | ||||||
Group |
6,574 | 3,772 | 41.9% | 39.1% | 36.2% | 33.0% |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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97 |
98 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Loans and advances
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
99 |
100 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Loans and advances
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
101 |
Risk management
Credit risk management
Debt securities and other bills
The following table presents an analysis of the credit quality of debt and similar securities, other than loans held within the Group. Securities rated as investment grade amounted to 91.6% of the portfolio (2007: 88.0%).
As at 31.12.08 | Treasury and other eligible bills £m |
Debt securities £m |
Total £m |
% | ||||
AAA to BBB (investment grade) | 7,314 | 198,493 | 205,807 | 91.6 | ||||
BB+ to B | 1,233 | 15,309 | 16,542 | 7.4 | ||||
B or lower | | 2,343 | 2,343 | 1.0 | ||||
Total | 8,547 | 216,145 | 224,692 | 100.0 | ||||
Of which issued by: | ||||||||
governments and other public bodies | 8,547 | 73,881 | 82,428 | 36.7 | ||||
US agency | | 34,180 | 34,180 | 15.3 | ||||
mortgage and asset-backed securities | | 34,844 | 34,844 | 15.5 | ||||
corporate and other issuers | | 55,244 | 55,244 | 24.6 | ||||
bank and building society certificates of deposit | | 17,996 | 17,996 | 7.9 | ||||
Total | 8,547 | 216,145 | 224,692 | 100.0 | ||||
Of which classified as: | ||||||||
trading portfolio assets | 4,544 | 148,686 | 153,230 | 68.2 | ||||
financial instruments designated at fair value | | 8,628 | 8,628 | 3.8 | ||||
available-for-sale securities | 4,003 | 58,831 | 62,834 | 28.0 | ||||
Total | 8,547 | 216,145 | 224,692 | 100.0 | ||||
As at 31.12.07 | Treasury and other eligible bills £m |
Debt securities £m |
Total £m |
% | ||||
AAA to BBB (investment grade) | 4,114 | 189,794 | 193,908 | 88.0 | ||||
BB+ to B | 703 | 24,693 | 25,396 | 11.5 | ||||
B or lower | | 1,181 | 1,181 | 0.5 | ||||
Total | 4,817 | 215,668 | 220,485 | 100.0 | ||||
Of which issued by: | ||||||||
governments and other public bodies | 4,817 | 63,798 | 68,615 | 31.1 | ||||
US agency | | 13,956 | 13,956 | 6.3 | ||||
mortgage and asset-backed securities | | 28,928 | 28,928 | 13.1 | ||||
corporate and other issuers | | 88,207 | 88,207 | 40.0 | ||||
bank and building society certificates of deposit | | 20,779 | 20,779 | 9.5 | ||||
Total | 4,817 | 215,668 | 220,485 | 100.0 | ||||
Of which classified as: | ||||||||
trading portfolio assets | 2,094 | 152,778 | 154,872 | 70.2 | ||||
financial instruments designated at fair value | | 24,217 | 24,217 | 11.0 | ||||
available-for-sale securities | 2,723 | 38,673 | 41,396 | 18.8 | ||||
Total | 4,817 | 215,668 | 220,485 | 100.0 |
102 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
103 |
The tables below set out the fair values of the derivative assets together with the value of those assets subject to enforceable counterparty netting arrangements for which the Group holds offsetting liabilities and eligible collateral.
Derivative assets As at 31.12.08 | Gross assets £m |
Counterparty £m |
Net exposure £m | |||
Foreign exchange | 107,730 | 91,572 | 16,158 | |||
Interest rate | 615,321 | 558,985 | 56,336 | |||
Credit derivatives | 184,072 | 155,599 | 28,473 | |||
Equity and stock index | 28,684 | 20,110 | 8,574 | |||
Commodity derivatives | 48,995 | 35,903 | 13,092 | |||
984,802 | 862,169 | 122,633 | ||||
Total collateral held | 54,905 | |||||
Net exposure less collateral | 67,728 | |||||
Derivative assets As at 31.12.07 | Gross assets £m |
Counterparty £m |
Net exposure | |||
Foreign exchange | 30,824 | 22,066 | 8,758 | |||
Interest rate | 140,504 | 117,292 | 23,212 | |||
Credit derivatives | 38,696 | 31,307 | 7,389 | |||
Equity and stock index | 13,296 | 12,151 | 1,145 | |||
Commodity derivatives | 24,768 | 15,969 | 8,799 | |||
248,088 | 198,785 | 49,303 | ||||
Total collateral held | 16,700 | |||||
Net exposure less collateral | 32,603 |
Gross derivative assets of £985bn (2007: £248bn) cannot be netted down under IFRS. Derivative assets would be £917bn (2007: £215bn) lower than reported under IFRS if counterparty or collateral netting were allowed.
Exposure relating to derivatives, repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements, stock borrowing and loan transactions is calculated using internal, FSA approved models. These are used as the basis to assess both regulatory capital and capital appetite and are managed on a daily basis. The methodology encompasses all relevant factors to enable the current value to be calculated and the future value to be estimated, for example: current market rates, market volatility and legal documentation (including collateral rights).
104 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
Barclays Capitals credit market exposures primarily relate to US residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and leveraged finance businesses that have been significantly impacted by the continued deterioration in the global credit markets. The exposures include both significant positions subject to fair value movements in the profit and loss account and positions that are classified as loans and advances and available for sale. None of the exposure disclosed below has been reclassified to loans and advances under the amendments to IAS 39.
The exposures are set out by asset class in US Dollars and Sterling below:
$ma | £ma | |||||||||
US Residential Mortgages | Notes | As at 31.12.08 |
As at 31.12.07 |
As at 31.12 .08 |
As at 31.12.07 | |||||
ABS CDO Super Senior | A1 | 4,526 | 9,356 | 3,104 | 4,671 | |||||
Other US sub- prime | A2 | 5,017 | 10,089 | 3,441 | 5,037 | |||||
Alt-A | A3 | 6,252 | 9,847 | 4,288 | 4,916 | |||||
US RMBS exposure wrapped by monoline insurers | A4 | 2,389 | 1,462 | 1,639 | 730 | |||||
Commercial mortgages | ||||||||||
Commercial real estate | B1 | 16,882 | 22,239 | 11,578 | 11,103 | |||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | B1 | 1,072 | 2,596 | 735 | 1,296 | |||||
CMBS exposure wrapped by monoline insurers | B2 | 2,703 | 395 | 1,854 | 197 | |||||
Other Credit Market Exposures | ||||||||||
Leveraged financeb | C1 | 15,152 | 18,081 | 10,391 | 9,027 | |||||
SIVs and SIV-Lites | C2 | 1,404 | 1,570 | 963 | 784 | |||||
CDPCs | C3 | 218 | 39 | 150 | 19 | |||||
CLO and other exposure wrapped by monoline insurers | C4 | 7,202 | 817 | 4,939 | 408 |
These exposures have been actively managed during the year in an exceptionally challenging market environment and have been reduced by net sales and paydowns of £6,311m, offset by the 37% appreciation of the US Dollar against Sterling. In January 2009, there was an additional sale of £3,056m of leveraged finance exposure which was repaid at par. Exposures at 31st December 2008 included £1,060m of securities from the acquisition of Lehman Brothers North American businesses. Exposures wrapped by monolines have increased during the course of 2008 as a result of declines in the fair value of the underlying assets.
Analysis of Barclays Capital credit market exposures by asset class
ABS CDO Super Senior £m |
Other US sub -prime £m |
Alt-A £m |
RMBS £m |
Commercial £m |
Commercial mortgage backed securities £m |
CMBS wrapped by monoline insurers £m |
Leveraged finance £m |
SIVs and SIV-Lites £m |
CDPCs £m |
CLO and other exposure wrapped by monoline insurers £m |
As at 31.12.08 £m | ||||||||||||||
Debt securities | 782 | 2,532 | 1,420 | 11 | 4,745 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets | 782 | 2,532 | 1,420 | 11 | 4,745 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances | 1,565 | 778 | 11,555 | 531 | 14,429 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value | 1,565 | 778 | 11,555 | 531 | 14,429 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 643 | 398 | 1,639 | 23 | (685 | ) | 1,854 | 273 | 150 | 4,939 | 9,234 | ||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 3,104 | 195 | 9,361 | 148 | 12,808 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities | 147 | 580 | 727 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Available for sale financial instruments | 147 | 580 | 727 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets | 109 | 109 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Exposure on balance sheet | 3,104 | 3,441 | 4,288 | 1,639 | 11,578 | 735 | 1,854 | 9,361 | 963 | 150 | 4,939 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
105 |
There were gross losses of £8,053m (2007: £2,999m) in the year to 31st December 2008. These losses were partially offset by related income and hedges of £1,433m (2007: £706m), and gains of £1,663m (2007: £658m) from the general widening of credit spreads on issued notes measured at fair value through the profit and loss account.
The gross losses, which included £1,763m (2007: £782m) in impairment charges, comprised: £5,584m (2007: £2,811m) against US RMBS exposures; £1,488m (2007: £14m) against commercial mortgage exposures; and £981m (2007: £174m) against other credit market exposures.
Fair Value |
Impairment £m |
Gross |
|||||||
ABS CDO super senior |
(78 | ) | (1,383 | ) | (1,461 | ) | |||
Other US sub-prime |
(1,560 | ) | (168 | ) | (1,728 | ) | |||
Alt-A |
(1,858 | ) | (125 | ) | (1,983 | ) | |||
US RMBS wrapped by monoline insurers |
(412 | ) | | (412 | ) | ||||
Total US residential mortgages |
(3,908 | ) | (1,676 | ) | (5,584 | ) | |||
US |
(671 | ) | | (671 | ) | ||||
Europe |
(350 | ) | | (350 | ) | ||||
Total commercial real estate |
(1,021 | ) | | (1,021 | ) | ||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |
(127 | ) | | (127 | ) | ||||
CMBS wrapped by monoline insurers |
(340 | ) | | (340 | ) | ||||
Total commercial mortgages |
(1,488 | ) | | (1,488 | ) | ||||
SIVs and SIV-Lites |
(143 | ) | (87 | ) | (230 | ) | |||
CDPCs |
(14 | ) | | (14 | ) | ||||
CLO and other assets wrapped by monoline insurers |
(737 | ) | | (737 | ) | ||||
Total other credit market |
(894 | ) | (87 | ) | (981 | ) | |||
Total |
(6,290 | ) | (1,763 | ) | (8,053 | ) |
106 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
A. US Residential Mortgages
US residential mortgage exposures have reduced by 41% in US Dollar terms, and 19% in Sterling terms, since 31st December 2007.
A1. ABS CDO Super Senior
During the year ABS CDO Super Senior exposures reduced by £1,567m to £3,104m (31st December 2007: £4,671m). Net exposures are stated after write-downs and charges of £1,461m incurred in 2008 (2007: £1,816m) and hedges of £nil (31st December 2007: £1,347m). There were no hedges in place at 31st December 2008 as the corresponding liquidity facilities had been terminated. There were liquidations and paydowns of £2,318m in the year; weaker Sterling and a reduction in hedges increased exposure by £865m and £1,347m respectively.
The remaining ABS CDO Super Senior exposure at 31st December 2008 comprised five high grade liquidity facilities which were fully drawn and classified within loans and receivables, and no remaining mezzanine exposure. At 31st December 2007 there were 15 facilities of which nine were high grade and six mezzanine.
The impairment assessment of remaining super senior positions is based on cash flow methodology using standard market assumptions such as default curves and remittance data to calculate the net present value of the future losses for the collateral pool over time. As a result, future potential impairment charges depend on changes in these assumptions.
We have included all ABS CDO Super Senior exposure in the US residential mortgages section as nearly 90% of the underlying collateral relates to US RMBS. The impairment applied to the notional collateral is set out in the table below.
As at 31.12.08 |
As at 31.12.07 |
As at |
As at | ||||||||||||||||
High Grade £m |
Total £m |
High Grade £m |
Mezzanine £m |
Total £m |
Marks a | Marks a | |||||||||||||
2005 and earlier |
1,226 | 1,226 | 1,458 | 1,152 | 2,610 | 90% | 69% | ||||||||||||
2006 |
471 | 471 | 1,654 | 314 | 1,968 | 37% | 47% | ||||||||||||
2007 and 2008 |
25 | 25 | 176 | 87 | 263 | 69% | 53% | ||||||||||||
Sub-prime |
1,722 | 1,722 | 3,288 | 1,553 | 4,841 | 75% | 60% | ||||||||||||
2005 and earlier |
891 | 891 | 714 | 102 | 816 | 77% | 96% | ||||||||||||
2006 |
269 | 269 | 594 | 68 | 662 | 75% | 90% | ||||||||||||
2007 and 2008 |
62 | 62 | 163 | 13 | 176 | 37% | 80% | ||||||||||||
Alt-A |
1,222 | 1,222 | 1,471 | 183 | 1,654 | 74% | 92% | ||||||||||||
Prime |
520 | 520 | 662 | 123 | 785 | 100% | 100% | ||||||||||||
RMBS CDO |
402 | 402 | 842 | 445 | 1,287 | | 19% | ||||||||||||
Sub-prime second lien |
127 | 127 | 158 | | 158 | | 32% | ||||||||||||
Total RMBS |
3,993 | 3,993 | 6,421 | 2,304 | 8,725 | 68% | 63% | ||||||||||||
CMBS |
44 | 44 | 189 | 110 | 299 | 100% | 96% | ||||||||||||
Non-RMBS CDO |
453 | 453 | 429 | 80 | 509 | 56% | 49% | ||||||||||||
CLOs |
35 | 35 | 26 | | 26 | 100% | 100% | ||||||||||||
Other ABS |
51 | 51 | 136 | 4 | 140 | 100% | 100% | ||||||||||||
Total other ABS |
583 | 583 | 780 | 194 | 974 | 66% | 72% | ||||||||||||
Total notional collateral |
4,576 | 4,576 | 7,201 | 2,498 | 9,699 | 68% | 64% | ||||||||||||
Subordination |
(459 | ) | (459 | ) | (1,001 | ) | (864 | ) | (1,865 | ) | |||||||||
Gross exposure pre impairment |
4,117 | 4,117 | 6,200 | 1,634 | 7,834 | ||||||||||||||
Impairment allowances |
(1,013 | ) | (1,013 | ) | (290 | ) | (432 | ) | (722 | ) | |||||||||
Trading losses gross of Hedges |
| | (1,041 | ) | (53 | ) | (1,094 | ) | |||||||||||
Hedges |
| | (960 | ) | (387 | ) | (1,347 | ) | |||||||||||
Net exposure |
3,104 | 3,104 | 3,909 | 762 | 4,671 | ||||||||||||||
Collateral marks including liquidated structures |
32% | 62% |
Note
a | Marks above reflect the gross exposure after the impairment and subordination and do not include the benefit of hedges. The change in marks since 31st December 2007 primarily results from the liquidation during 2008 of the most impaired structures. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
107 |
Consolidated collateral of £8.4bn relating to the ten CDOs that were liquidated in 2008 has been sold or are stated at fair value net of hedges within Other US sub-prime, Alt-A and CMBS exposures. The notional collateral remaining at 31st December 2008 is marked at approximately 12%. The collateral valuation for all ABS CDO Super Senior deals, including those liquidated and consolidated in 2008, is approximately 32% (31st December 2007: 62%).
The collateral for the outstanding ABS CDO Super Senior exposures primarily comprises residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS). At 31st December 2008 the residual exposure contains a higher proportion of collateral originated in 2005 and earlier than at 31st December 2007. There is minimal exposure to collateral originated in 2007 or later. The vintages of the sub-prime, Alt-A and US RMBS collateral are set out in the table below.
As at |
As at | |||
Sub-prime Collateral by Vintage |
||||
2005 and earlier |
71% | 54% | ||
2006 |
27% | 41% | ||
2007 and 2008 |
2% | 5% | ||
Alt-A Collateral by Vintage |
||||
2005 and earlier |
73% | 49% | ||
2006 |
22% | 40% | ||
2007 and 2008 |
5% | 11% | ||
US RMBS Collateral by Vintage |
||||
2005 and earlier |
72% | 53% | ||
2006 |
25% | 40% | ||
2007 and 2008 |
3% | 7% |
RMBS collateral for the ABS CDO Super Senior exposures is subject to public ratings. The ratings of sub-prime, Alt-A and total US RMBS CDO collateral are set out in the table below.
31.12.08 |
31.12.07 |
31.12.07 |
31.12.07 | |||||
Sub-prime US RMBS Ratings |
||||||||
AAA/AA |
42% | 43% | 2% | 30% | ||||
A/BBB |
21% | 51% | 82% | 60% | ||||
Non-investment Grade |
37% | 6% | 16% | 10% | ||||
Alt-A RMBS Ratings |
||||||||
AAA/AA |
66% | 89% | 47% | 85% | ||||
A/BBB |
7% | 8% | 45% | 12% | ||||
Non-investment Grade |
27% | 3% | 8% | 3% | ||||
Total US RMBS Ratings |
||||||||
AAA/AA |
50% | 63% | 14% | 50% | ||||
A/BBB |
13% | 31% | 70% | 41% | ||||
Non-investment Grade |
37% | 6% | 16% | 9% |
108 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
A2. Other US Sub-Prime
As
at |
As
at |
Marks at 31.12.08 |
Marks at | ||||||
Whole loans performing |
1,290 | 2,805 | 80% | 100% | |||||
Whole loans more than 60 days past due |
275 | 372 | 48% | 65% | |||||
Total whole loans |
1,565 | 3,177 | 72% | 94% | |||||
AAA securities |
111 | 735 | 40% | 92% | |||||
Other sub-prime securities |
818 | 525 | 23% | 61% | |||||
Total securities gross of hedges |
929 | 1,260 | 25% | 76% | |||||
Hedges |
| (369 | ) | ||||||
Securities (net of hedges) |
929 | 891 | |||||||
Residuals |
| 233 | | 24% | |||||
Other exposures with underlying sub-prime collateral: |
|||||||||
Derivatives |
643 | 333 | 87% | 100% | |||||
Loans |
195 | 346 | 70% | 100% | |||||
Real Estate |
109 | 57 | 46% | 68% | |||||
Total other direct and indirect exposure |
1,876 | 1,860 | |||||||
Total |
3,441 | 5,037 |
The majority of Other US sub-prime exposures are measured at fair value through profit and loss. US sub-prime securities held in conduits and a collateralised debt obligation (CDO) are categorised as available for sale and are recognised in equity.
Exposure declined from £5,037m to £3,441m driven by gross losses of £1,728m and net sales, paydowns and other movements of £1,649m. Weaker Sterling resulted in an increase in exposure of £1,086m. Exposures at 31st December 2008 included assets acquired from Lehman Brothers North American businesses of £83m in AAA securities and £124m in other US sub-prime securities.
At 31st December 2008, 82% of the whole loan exposure was performing. Whole loans included £1,422m (31st December 2007: £2,843m) acquired on or originated since the acquisition of EquiFirst in March 2007. Of this balance, £281m of new sub-prime loans were originated in 2008. At 31st December 2008, the average loan to value at origination of all the sub-prime whole loans was 79%. Loans guaranteed by Federal Housing Administration (FHA) are not included in the exposure above. An FHA loan is a mortgage loan fully insured by the US Federal Housing Administration and therefore not considered to be a credit sensitive product. EquiFirst has only originated FHA eligible loans since April 2008, and held £132m of these loans at 31st December 2008.
Securities included £37m held by consolidated conduits and £110m held in a CDO on which impairment charges of £16m and £53m respectively have been recorded.
Other exposures with underlying sub-prime collateral include counterparty derivative exposures to vehicles which hold sub-prime collateral. Derivatives of £643m (31st December 2007: £333m) relate to US Dollar denominated interest rate swaps. The increase in the balance principally relates to the decline in interest rates globally and the 37% depreciation of Sterling relative to the US Dollar, especially in the second half of 2008. The majority of all other exposures with underlying sub-prime collateral was the most senior obligation of the vehicle.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
109 |
A3. Alt-A
As at |
As at |
Marks at |
Marks at | |||||
AAA securities |
1,847 | 3,553 | 43% | 87% | ||||
Other Alt-A securities |
1,265 | 208 | 9% | 75% | ||||
Whole Loans |
776 | 909 | 67% | 97% | ||||
Residuals |
2 | 25 | 6% | 66% | ||||
Derivative exposure with underlying Alt-A collateral |
398 | 221 | 100% | 100% | ||||
Total |
4,288 | 4,916 |
Alt-A securities, whole loans and residuals are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Alt-A securities held in conduits and a collateralised debt obligation (CDO) are categorised as available for sale and are recognised in equity.
Net exposure to the Alt-A market was £4,288m (31st December 2007: £4,916m), through a combination of whole loans, securities and residuals, including those held in consolidated conduits. There were gross losses of £1,983m in the year and net sales, paydowns and other movements of £181m. Weaker Sterling resulted in an increase in exposure of £1,190m. Exposures at 31st December 2008 included assets acquired from Lehman Brothers North American businesses of £300m in AAA securities and £324m in other Alt-A securities.
Securities included £491m held by consolidated conduits and £89m held in a CDO on which impairment charges of £65m and £58m respectively have been recorded.
At 31st December 2008, 75% of the Alt-A whole loan exposure was performing, and the average loan to value ratio at origination was 81%.
Other exposures with underlying Alt-A collateral include counterparty derivative exposures to vehicles which hold Alt-A collateral. Derivative exposures with underlying Alt-A collateral of £398m (31st December 2007: £221m) relate to US Dollar denominated interest rate swaps. The increase in the balance principally relates to the decline in interest rates globally and the 37% depreciation of Sterling relative to the US Dollar, especially in the second half of 2008. The majority of this exposure was the most senior obligation of the vehicle.
A4. US Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Exposure Wrapped by Monoline Insurers
The deterioration in the US residential mortgage market has resulted in exposure to monoline insurers and other financial guarantors that provide credit protection.
The table below shows RMBS assets where we held protection from monoline insurers at 31st December 2008. These are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Declines in fair value of the underlying assets are reflected in increases in the value of potential claims against monoline insurers. Such declines have resulted in net exposure to monoline insurers under these contracts increasing to £1,639m by 31st December 2008 (2007: £730m).
Claims would become due in the event of default of the underlying assets and losses would only be realised if both the underlying asset and monoline defaulted. At 31st December 2008 while 81% of the underlying assets were non-investment grade, 97% are wrapped by monolines with investment grade ratings.
There is some uncertainty whether all of the monoline insurers would be able to meet all liabilities if such claims were to arise: certain monoline insurers have been subject to downgrades in 2008. Consequently, a fair value loss of £412m has been recognised in the year. There have been no claims due under these contracts as none of the underlying assets were in default at 31st December 2008.
The fair value is determined by a credit valuation adjustment calculation which incorporates stressed cash flow shortfall projections, current market valuations, stressed Probability of Default (PDs) and a range of Loss Given Default (LGD) assumptions. The cash flow shortfall projections are stressed to ensure that we consider the potential for further market deterioration and resultant additional cash flow shortfall in underlying collateral. Monoline ratings are based on external ratings analysis and where appropriate significant internal analysis conducted by the independent Credit Risk function. In addition, we reflect the potential for further deterioration of monolines by using stressed PDs which results in all monolines having an implied sub-investment grade rating. LGDs range from 45% to 100% depending on the monoline.
Exposure by Credit Rating of Monoline Insurer
As at 31.12.08 | |||||||||||
Notional £m |
Fair Value £m |
Fair Value Exposure £m |
Credit Valuation Adjustment £m |
Net Exposure £m | |||||||
AAA/AA |
| | | | | ||||||
A/BBB |
2,567 | 492 | 2,075 | (473 | ) | 1,602 | |||||
Non-investment grade |
74 | 8 | 66 | (29 | ) | 37 | |||||
Total |
2,641 | 500 | 2,141 | (502 | ) | 1,639 | |||||
As at 31.12.07 | |||||||||||
AAA/AA |
2,807 | 2,036 | 771 | (41 | ) | 730 |
110 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
The notional value of the assets, split by the current rating of the monoline insurer, is shown below.
Rating of Monoline Insurers As at 31.12.08 | ||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- £m |
Total £m | |||||
2005 and earlier |
| 143 | | 143 | ||||
2006 |
| 1,240 | | 1,240 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
| 510 | | 510 | ||||
High Grade |
| 1,893 | | 1,893 | ||||
Mezzanine 2005 and earlier |
| 625 | 74 | 699 | ||||
CDO 2 2005 and earlier |
| 49 | | 49 | ||||
US RMBS |
| 2,567 | 74 | 2,641 | ||||
The notional value of the assets, split by the current rating of the underlying asset, is shown below.
| ||||||||
Rating of Underlying Asset As at 31.12.08 | ||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- £m |
Total £m | |||||
2005 and earlier |
143 | | | 143 | ||||
2006 |
| | 1,240 | 1,240 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
| | 510 | 510 | ||||
High Grade |
143 | | 1,750 | 1,893 | ||||
Mezzanine 2005 and earlier |
31 | 330 | 338 | 699 | ||||
CDO 2 2005 and earlier |
| | 49 | 49 | ||||
US RMBS |
174 | 330 | 2,137 | 2,641 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
111 |
B. Commercial Mortgages
Commercial mortgages reduced 18% in US Dollar terms. In Sterling terms these increased by 12%.
B1. Commercial Mortgages
Exposures in Barclays Capitals commercial mortgages portfolio, all of which are measured at fair value, comprised commercial real estate loan exposure of £11,578m (31st December 2007: £11,103m) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) of £735m (31st December 2007: £1,296m). During the year there were gross losses of £1,148m. Gross sales and paydowns of £1,034m in the UK and Continental Europe and £2,167m in the US were partially offset by additional drawdowns. Weaker Sterling increased exposure by £3,058m.
The commercial real estate loan exposure comprised 55% US, 41% UK and Europe and 4% Asia. 5% of the total relates to land or property under construction.
The US exposure included two large transactions which comprised 42% of the total US exposure and have paid down approximately £789m in the year. The remaining 58% of the US exposure comprised 76 transactions. The remaining weighted average number of years to initial maturity of the US portfolio is 1.4 years.
The UK and Europe portfolio is well diversified with 64 transactions in place as at 31st December 2008. In Europe protection is provided by loan covenants and periodic LTV retests, which cover 90% of the portfolio. 47% of the German exposure relates to one transaction secured on multifamily residential assets. Exposure to the Spanish market represents less than 1% of global exposure at 31st December 2008.
Commercial Real Estate Exposure by Region
| ||||||||
As at 31.12.08 £m |
As at 31.12.07 £m |
Marks at 31.12.08 |
Marks at 31.12.07 | |||||
US |
6,329 | 5,947 | 88% | 99% | ||||
Germany |
2,467 | 1,783 | 95% | 100% | ||||
Sweden |
265 | 250 | 96% | 100% | ||||
France |
270 | 289 | 94% | 100% | ||||
Switzerland |
176 | 127 | 97% | 100% | ||||
Spain |
106 | 89 | 92% | 100% | ||||
Other Continental Europe |
677 | 779 | 90% | 100% | ||||
UK |
831 | 1,422 | 89% | 100% | ||||
Asia |
457 | 417 | 97% | 100% | ||||
Total |
11,578 | 11,103 |
Commercial Real Estate Exposure Metrics
| ||||||
WALTVa | WAMb | WALAc | ||||
US |
79.5% | 1.4 yrs | 1.6 yrs | |||
Germany |
79.4% | 4.6 yrs | 1.5 yrs | |||
Other Europe |
82.2% | 4.5 yrs | 1.7 yrs | |||
UK |
77.8% | 5.8 yrs | 1.8 yrs | |||
Asia |
93.3% | 4.7 yrs | 1.3 yrs |
Commercial Real Estate Exposure by Industry
| ||||||||||||
As at 31.12.08 | ||||||||||||
US £m |
Germany £m |
Other Europe £m |
UK £m |
Asia £m |
Total £m | |||||||
Office |
2,081 | 436 | 802 | 192 | 145 | 3,656 | ||||||
Residential |
1,957 | 1,268 | | 229 | 128 | 3,582 | ||||||
Retail |
66 | 567 | 96 | 110 | 118 | 957 | ||||||
Hotels |
1,145 | | 441 | 29 | 18 | 1,633 | ||||||
Leisure |
| | | 233 | | 233 | ||||||
Land |
232 | | | | | 232 | ||||||
Industrial |
582 | 126 | 131 | 38 | 10 | 887 | ||||||
Mixed/Others |
243 | 70 | 24 | | 38 | 375 | ||||||
Hedges |
23 | | | | | 23 | ||||||
Total |
6,329 | 2,467 | 1,494 | 831 | 457 | 11,578 |
Notes
a | Weighted-average loan- to-value based on the most recent valuation. |
b | Weighted-average number of years to initial maturity. |
c | Weighted-average loan age. |
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|
Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
B1. Commercial Mortgages (continued)
Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities (net of hedges)
| ||||||||
As at 31.12.08 £m |
As at £m |
Marksa at 31.12.08 |
Marksa at 31.12.07 | |||||
AAA securities |
588 | 1,008 | ||||||
Other securities |
147 | 288 | ||||||
Total |
735 | 1,296 | 21% | 98% |
Exposure is stated net of hedges traded in the liquid index swap market with market counterparties. The counterparty exposure is managed through a standard derivative collateralisation process and none of the hedge counterparties are monoline insurers.
Exposures at 31st December 2008 included assets acquired from Lehman Brothers North American businesses of £143m in AAA securities and £86m in other securities.
B2. CMBS Exposure Wrapped by Monoline Insurers
The deterioration in the commercial mortgage market has resulted in exposure to monoline insurers and other financial guarantors that provide credit protection.
The table below shows Commercial Mortgage Backed Security (CMBS) assets where we held protection from monoline insurers at 31st December 2008. These are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Declines in fair value of the underlying assets are reflected in increases in the value of potential claims against monoline insurers. Such declines have resulted in net exposure to monoline insurers under these contracts increasing to £1,854m by 31st December 2008 (31st December 2007: £197m).
Claims would become due in the event of default of the underlying assets and losses would only be realised if both the underlying asset and monoline defaulted. At 31st December 2008 all underlying assets were rated AAA/AA and 89% are wrapped by monolines with investment grade ratings.
There is some uncertainty whether all of the monoline insurers would be able to meet all liabilities if such claims were to arise: certain monoline insurers have been subject to downgrades in 2008. Consequently, a fair value loss of £340m has been recognised in the year. There have been no claims due under these contracts as none of the underlying assets were in default at 31st December 2008.
The fair value is determined by a credit valuation adjustment calculation which incorporates stressed cash flow shortfall projections, current market valuations, stressed Probability of Default (PDs) and a range of Loss Given Default (LGD) assumptions. The cash flow shortfall projections are stressed to ensure that we consider the potential for further market deterioration and resultant additional cash flow shortfall in underlying collateral. Monoline ratings are based on external ratings analysis and where appropriate significant internal analysis conducted by the independent Credit Risk function. In addition, we reflect the potential for further deterioration of monolines by using stressed PDs which results in all monolines having an implied sub-investment grade rating. LGDs range from 45% to 100% depending on the monoline.
Exposure by credit rating of monoline insurer
| |||||||||||
As at 31.12.08 | |||||||||||
Notional £m |
Fair value £m |
Fair value exposure £m |
Credit valuation adjustment £m |
Net exposure £m | |||||||
AAA/AA |
69 | 27 | 42 | (4 | ) | 38 | |||||
A/BBB |
3,258 | 1,301 | 1,957 | (320 | ) | 1,637 | |||||
Non-investment grade |
425 | 181 | 244 | (65 | ) | 179 | |||||
Total |
3,752 | 1,509 | 2,243 | (389 | ) | 1,854 | |||||
As at 31.12.07 | |||||||||||
AAA/AA |
3,614 | 3,408 | 206 | (9 | ) | 197 |
The notional value of the assets, split by the current rating of the monoline insurer, is shown below.
Rating of monoline insurers As at 31.12.08 | ||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- £m |
Total £m | |||||
2005 and earlier |
| 437 | | 437 | ||||
2006 |
69 | 544 | | 613 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
| 2,277 | 425 | 2,702 | ||||
CMBS |
69 | 3,258 | 425 | 3,752 |
Note
a | Marks are based on gross collateral. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
113 |
The notional value of the assets split by the current rating of the underlying asset, is shown below. All CMBS assets were rated AAA/AA at 31st December 2008.
Rating of Underlying Asset As at 31.12.08 | ||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- Investment £m |
Total £m | |||||
2005 and earlier |
437 | | | 437 | ||||
2006 |
613 | | | 613 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
2,702 | | | 2,702 | ||||
CMBS |
3,752 | | | 3,752 |
C . Other credit market exposures
In the year ended 31st December 2008 these exposures increased by 17% in US Dollar terms, and 61% in Sterling terms.
C1. Leveraged Finance
Leveraged loans are classified within loans and advances and are stated at amortised cost less impairment. The overall credit performance of the assets remains satisfactory.
At 31st December 2008, the gross exposure relating to leveraged finance loans was £10,506m (31st December 2007: £9,217m). Barclays Capital expects to hold these leveraged finance positions until redemption. Material movements since 31st December 2007 reflect exchange rate changes rather than changes in loan positions.
The net exposure relating to leverage finance loans of £10,391m (31st December 2007: £9,027m) was reduced to £7,335m following a repayment of £3,056m at par in January 2009.
Leveraged Finance Exposure by Region
|
||||||
As at 31.12.08 £m |
As at 31.12.07 £m |
|||||
UK |
4,810 | 4,401 | ||||
US |
3,830 | 3,037 | ||||
Europe |
1,640 | 1,568 | ||||
Asia |
226 | 211 | ||||
Total lending and commitments |
10,506 | 9,217 | ||||
Identified and unidentified impairmenta |
(115 | ) | (190 | ) | ||
Net lending and commitments |
10,391 | 9,027 |
Leveraged finance exposure by industry
|
||||||||||||
As at 31.12.08 | As at 31.12.07 | |||||||||||
Drawn £m |
Undrawn £m |
Total £m |
Drawn £m |
Undrawn £m |
Total £m | |||||||
Insurance |
2,546 | 31 | 2,577 | 2,456 | 78 | 2,534 | ||||||
Telecoms |
2,998 | 211 | 3,209 | 2,259 | 240 | 2,499 | ||||||
Retail |
904 | 128 | 1,032 | 828 | 132 | 960 | ||||||
Health care |
659 | 144 | 803 | 577 | 141 | 718 | ||||||
Media |
655 | 89 | 744 | 469 | 127 | 596 | ||||||
Services |
568 | 131 | 699 | 388 | 134 | 522 | ||||||
Manufacturing |
500 | 102 | 602 | 371 | 125 | 496 | ||||||
Chemicals |
317 | 26 | 343 | 46 | 286 | 332 | ||||||
Other |
329 | 168 | 497 | 233 | 327 | 560 | ||||||
Total |
9,476 | 1,030 | 10,506 | 7,627 | 1,590 | 9,217 |
New leveraged finance commitments originated after 30th June 2007 comprised £573m (31st December 2007: £1,148m).
Note
a | The movement in impairment during the period is primarily due to the release of the provision on the post year end repayment, for which there was a binding commitment as at 31st December 2008. |
114 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Risk management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
C2. SIVs and SIV-Lites
SIVs/SIV-Lites
|
||||||||
As at 31.12.08 £m |
As at 31.12.07 £m |
Marks at 31.12.08 |
Marks at 31.12.07 | |||||
Liquidity facilities |
679 | 466 | 62% | 100% | ||||
Bond inventory |
11 | 52 | 7% | 37% | ||||
Derivatives |
273 | 266 | ||||||
Total |
963 | 784 |
SIV exposure increased from £784m to £963m during the year. There were £230m of gross losses against SIVs and SIV lites in the year. Weaker Sterling resulted in an increase in exposure of £281m.
At 31st December 2008 liquidity facilities of £679m (31st December 2007: £466m) include £531m designated at fair value through profit and loss relating to a SIV-lite which had previously been hedged with Lehman Brothers. Following the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy this facility was reflected as a new exposure to the underlying assets. The remaining £148m represented drawn liquidity facilities in respect of SIV-lites and other structured investment vehicles classified as loans and advances stated at cost less impairment.
Bond inventory and derivatives are fair valued through profit and loss.
Movement in derivative exposure primarily related to CDS exposure due to general spread widening. At 31st December 2008 exposure was broadly in line with the prior year.
C3. CDPC exposure
Credit derivative product companies (CDPCs) are specialist providers of credit protection principally on corporate exposures in the form of credit derivatives. The Group has purchased protection from CDPCs against a number of securities with a notional value of £1,772m. The fair value of the exposure to CDPCs at 31st December 2008 was £150m. A fair value loss of £14m has been recognised in the year.
Of the notional exposure, 45% related to AAA/AA rated counterparties, with the remainder rated A/BBB.
Exposure by credit rating of CDPC
| |||||||||
As at 31.12.08 | |||||||||
Notional £m |
Gross exposure £m |
Credit valuation adjustment £m |
Net exposure £m | ||||||
AAA/AA |
796 | 77 | (14 | ) | 63 | ||||
A/BBB |
976 | 87 | | 87 | |||||
Total |
1,772 | 164 | (14 | ) | 150 | ||||
As at 31.12.07 | |||||||||
AAA/AA |
1,262 | 19 | | 19 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
115 |
C4. CLO and other exposure wrapped by monoline insurers
The table below shows Collateralised Loan Obligations (CLOs) and other assets where we held protection from monoline insurers at 31st December 2008. The deterioration in markets for these assets has resulted in exposure to monoline insurers and other financial guarantors that provide credit protection. These are measured at fair value through profit and loss. Declines in fair value of the underlying assets are reflected in increases in the value of potential claims against monoline insurers. Such declines have resulted in net exposure to monoline insurers under these contracts increasing to £4,939m by 31st December 2008 (31st December 2007: £408m).
Claims would become due in the event of default of the underlying assets and losses would only be realised if both the underlying asset and monoline defaulted. At 31st December 2008 all of the underlying assets have investment grade ratings and 39% are wrapped by monolines rated AAA/AA. 87% of the underlying assets were CLOs, all of which were rated AAA/AA.
There is some uncertainty whether all of the monoline insurers would be able to meet all liabilities if such claims were to arise: certain monoline insurers have been subject to downgrades in 2008. Consequently, a fair value loss of £737m, has been recognised in the year. There have been no claims due under these contracts as none of the underlying assets were in default at 31st December 2008.
The fair value is determined by a credit valuation adjustment calculation which incorporates stressed cash flow shortfall projections, current market valuations, stressed Probability of Default (PDs) and a range of Loss Given Default (LGD) assumptions. The cash flow shortfall projections are stressed to ensure that we consider the potential for further market deterioration and resultant additional cash flow shortfall in underlying collateral. Monoline ratings are based on external ratings analysis and where appropriate significant internal analysis conducted by the independent Credit Risk function. In addition, we reflect the potential for further deterioration of monolines by using stressed PDs for non-AAA rated monolines, which results in all other monolines having an implied sub-investment grade rating. LGDs range from 45% to 100% depending on the monoline.
Exposure by credit rating of monoline in surer | |||||||||||
As at 31.12.08 | |||||||||||
Notional £m |
Fair value £m |
Fair value exposure £m |
Credit valuation adjustment £m |
Net exposure £m | |||||||
AAA/AA |
8,281 | 5,854 | 2,427 | (55 | ) | 2,372 | |||||
A/BBB |
6,446 | 4,808 | 1,638 | (204 | ) | 1,434 | |||||
Non-investment grade |
6,148 | 4,441 | 1,707 | (574 | ) | 1,133 | |||||
Total |
20,875 | 15,103 | 5,772 | (833 | ) | 4,939 | |||||
As at 31.12.07 | |||||||||||
AAA/AA |
15,152 | 14,735 | 417 | (9 | ) | 408 | |||||
The notional value of the assets, split by the current rating of the monoline insurer, is shown below.
| |||||||||||
Rating of monoline insurers As at 31.12.08 | |||||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- grade £m |
Total £m | ||||||||
2005 and earlier |
2,064 | 1,647 | 2,326 | 6,037 | |||||||
2006 |
1,803 | 2,173 | 1,918 | 5,894 | |||||||
2007 and 2008 |
3,324 | 1,369 | 1,602 | 6,295 | |||||||
CLOs |
7,191 | 5,189 | 5,846 | 18,226 | |||||||
2005 and earlier |
131 | 661 | 70 | 862 | |||||||
2006 |
145 | 158 | 232 | 535 | |||||||
2007 and 2008 |
814 | 438 | | 1,252 | |||||||
Other |
1,090 | 1,257 | 302 | 2,649 | |||||||
Total |
8,281 | 6,446 | 6,148 | 20,875 |
116 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk Management
Credit risk management
Barclays Capital credit market exposures
The notional value of the assets split by the current rating of the underlying asset is shown below. All of the underlying assets had investment grade ratings as at 31st December 2008.
Rating of Underlying Asset As at 31.12. 08 | ||||||||
AAA/AA £m |
A/BBB £m |
Non- Investment £m |
Total £m | |||||
2005 and earlier |
6,037 | | | 6,037 | ||||
2006 |
5,894 | | | 5,894 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
6,295 | | | 6,295 | ||||
CLOs |
18,226 | | | 18,226 | ||||
2005 and earlier |
862 | | | 862 | ||||
2006 |
535 | | | 535 | ||||
2007 and 2008 |
785 | 467 | | 1,252 | ||||
Other |
2,182 | 467 | | 2,649 | ||||
Total |
20,408 | 467 | | 20,875 |
Own credit
The carrying amount of issued notes that are designated under the IAS 39 fair value option is adjusted to reflect the effect of changes in own credit spreads. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in the income statement.
At 31st December 2008, the own credit adjustment arose from the fair valuation of £54.5bn of Barclays Capital structured notes (31st December 2007: £40.7bn). The widening of Barclays credit spreads in the year affected the fair value of these notes and as a result revaluation gains of £1,663m were recognised in trading income (2007: £658m).
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
117 |
Risk management
118 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Traded market risk
The daily average, maximum and minimum values of DVaR, 95% and 98%, were calculated as below.
DVaR (95%) |
||||||||||||||
12 months to 31st December 2008 |
12 months to 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m |
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m | |||||||||
Interest rate risk |
28.9 | 47.8 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 26.5 | 10.0 | ||||||||
Credit spread risk |
31.1 | 71.7 | 15.4 | 17.3 | 28.0 | 10.8 | ||||||||
Commodity risk |
18.1 | 25.4 | 12.5 | 15.3 | 19.0 | 10.7 | ||||||||
Equity risk |
9.1 | 21.0 | 4.8 | 8.0 | 12.1 | 4.5 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange risk |
5.9 | 13.0 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 2.1 | ||||||||
Diversification effect a |
(39.7 | ) | n/a | n/a | (27.2 | ) | n/a | n/a | ||||||
Total DVaR |
53.4 | 95.2 | 35.5 | 32.5 | 40.9 | 25.2 | ||||||||
DVaR (98%) |
||||||||||||||
12 months to 31st December 2008 |
12 months to 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m |
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m | |||||||||
Interest rate risk |
45.0 | 80.9 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 33.3 | 12.6 | ||||||||
Credit spread risk |
54.0 | 143.4 | 30.1 | 24.9 | 43.3 | 14.6 | ||||||||
Commodity risk |
23.9 | 39.6 | 16.5 | 20.2 | 27.2 | 14.8 | ||||||||
Equity risk |
12.8 | 28.9 | 6.7 | 11.2 | 17.6 | 7.3 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange risk |
8.1 | 21.0 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 9.6 | 2.9 | ||||||||
Diversification effect a |
(67.3 | ) | n/a | n/a | (39.2 | ) | n/a | n/a | ||||||
Total DVaR |
76.5 | 158.8 | 47.5 | 42.0 | 59.3 | 33.1 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
119 |
120 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Market risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
121 |
Risk management
Market risk management
Disclosures about certain trading activities
122 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
123 |
Risk management
Liquidity risk management
124 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Liquidity risk management
Key elements
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
125 |
Risk management
126 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Capital risk management
Internal targets
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
127 |
Risk management
Capital risk management
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
| |||
The average supply of capital to support the economic capital framework a | ||||||
Shareholders equity excluding minority interests less goodwill b | 17,650 | 14,150 | ||||
Retirement benefits liability | 1,050 | 1,150 | ||||
Cash flow hedging reserve | 100 | 250 | ||||
Available for sale reserve | 400 | (150 | ) | |||
Gains on own credit | (1,250 | ) | (100 | ) | ||
Preference shares | 5,500 | 3,700 | ||||
Available funds for economic capital excluding goodwill | 23,450 | 19,000 | ||||
Average historic goodwill and intangible assets b | 9,450 | 8,400 | ||||
Available funds for economic capital including goodwill c | 32,900 | 27,400 |
Notes
128 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
129 |
Risk management
Operational risk management
Measurement and capital modelling
130 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Operational risk management
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
131 |
Risk management
Financial crime risk management
Anti-money laundering and sanctions risk
132 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Financial crime risk management
Fraud risk and security risk
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
133 |
Risk management
Statistical and other risk information
This section of the report contains supplementary information that is more detailed or contains longer histories than the data presented in the discussion. For commentary on this information, please refer to the preceding text (pages 80 to 118).
Credit risk management
Table 1: Risk Tendency by business | ||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
UK Retail Banking | 520 | 470 | ||
Barclays Commercial Bank | 400 | 305 | ||
Barclaycard | 1,475 | 955 | ||
GRCB Western Europe | 270 | 135 | ||
GRCB Emerging Markets | 350 | 140 | ||
GRCB Absa | 255 | 190 | ||
Barclays Capital | 415 | 140 | ||
Barclays Wealth | 20 | 10 | ||
Head office functions and other operations a | 5 | 10 | ||
Risk Tendency by business | 3,710 | 2,355 |
Table 2: Loans and advances | ||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Retail businesses | ||||
Customers |
201,588 | 162,081 | ||
Total retail businesses | 201,588 | 162,081 | ||
Wholesale businesses | ||||
Banks |
47,758 | 40,123 | ||
Customers |
266,750 | 187,086 | ||
Total wholesale businesses | 314,508 | 227,209 | ||
Loans and advances | 516,096 | 389,290 |
Note
a | Head office functions and other operations comprises discontinued business in transition. |
134 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Risk management
Statistical information
Table 3: Maturity analysis of loans and advances to banks | ||||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 | On demand £m |
Not more than three months £m |
Over three months but not more than six months £m |
Over six not more than one year £m |
Over one but not |
Over three but not |
Over five years but not more than ten years £m |
Over ten years £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
United Kingdom | 127 | 6,474 | 193 | 163 | 232 | | | 343 | 7,532 | |||||||||
Other European Union | 1,210 | 10,458 | 54 | 415 | 407 | 50 | 5 | 1 | 12,600 | |||||||||
United States | 1,310 | 11,215 | 7 | 676 | 324 | | | 84 | 13,616 | |||||||||
Africa | 584 | 595 | 51 | 1 | 51 | 861 | 8 | 38 | 2,189 | |||||||||
Rest of the World | 1,652 | 6,957 | 201 | 666 | 884 | 943 | 39 | 479 | 11,821 | |||||||||
4,883 | 35,699 | 506 | 1,921 | 1,898 | 1,854 | 52 | 945 | 47,758 |
At 31st December 2007 |
On demand £m |
Not more £m |
Over three more than £m |
Over six £m |
Over one but not £m |
Over three but not £m |
Over five £m |
Over £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
United Kingdom | 796 | 4,069 | 56 | 92 | 114 | 20 | 1 | 370 | 5,518 | |||||||||
Other European Union | 2,977 | 7,745 | 74 | 88 | 95 | 116 | 7 | | 11,102 | |||||||||
United States | 321 | 5,736 | 95 | 1,255 | 343 | 98 | 5,498 | 97 | 13,443 | |||||||||
Africa | 283 | 1,260 | 131 | 114 | 196 | 439 | 158 | | 2,581 | |||||||||
Rest of the World | 1,505 | 3,336 | 90 | 1,640 | 512 | 362 | 15 | 19 | 7,479 | |||||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 5,882 | 22,146 | 446 | 3,189 | 1,260 | 1,035 | 5,679 | 486 | 40,123 |
Table 4: Interest rate sensitivity of loans and advances | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
At 31st December | Fixed rate £m |
Variable rate £m |
Total £m |
Fixed rate £m |
Variable rate £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Banks | 12,101 | 35,657 | 47,758 | 16,447 | 23,676 | 40,123 | ||||||
Customers | 98,404 | 369,934 | 468,338 | 77,861 | 271,306 | 349,167 |
Table 5: Loans and advances to customers by industry | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 7£m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 a £m | |||||
Financial services | 114,069 | 71,160 | 45,954 | 43,102 | 25,132 | |||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 3,281 | 3,319 | 3,997 | 3,785 | 2,345 | |||||
Manufacturing | 26,374 | 16,974 | 15,451 | 13,779 | 9,044 | |||||
Construction | 8,239 | 5,423 | 4,056 | 5,020 | 3,278 | |||||
Property | 22,155 | 17,018 | 16,528 | 16,325 | 8,992 | |||||
Government | 5,301 | 2,036 | 2,426 | 1,718 | | |||||
Energy and water | 14,101 | 8,632 | 6,810 | 6,891 | 3,709 | |||||
Wholesale and retail, distribution and leisure | 20,208 | 18,216 | 15,490 | 17,760 | 11,099 | |||||
Transport | 8,612 | 6,258 | 5,586 | 5,960 | 3,742 | |||||
Postal and communication | 7,268 | 5,404 | 2,180 | 1,313 | 834 | |||||
Business and other services | 37,373 | 30,363 | 26,999 | 22,529 | 23,223 | |||||
Home loans b | 135,384 | 106,751 | 92,477 | 85,206 | 79,164 | |||||
Other personal | 53,087 | 46,423 | 37,535 | 39,866 | 29,293 | |||||
Finance lease receivables | 12,886 | 11,190 | 10,142 | 9,088 | 6,938 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers excluding reverse repurchase agreements | 468,338 | 349,167 | 285,631 | 272,342 | 206,793 | |||||
Reverse repurchase agreements | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 58,304 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers | 468,338 | 349,167 | 285,631 | 272,342 | 265,097 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
b | Excludes commercial property mortgages. |
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Table 6: Loans and advances to customers in the UK | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
Financial services | 26,091 | 21,131 | 14,011 | 11,958 | 8,774 | |||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 2,245 | 2,220 | 2,307 | 2,409 | 1,963 | |||||
Manufacturing | 11,340 | 9,388 | 9,047 | 8,469 | 5,684 | |||||
Construction | 4,278 | 3,542 | 2,761 | 3,090 | 2,285 | |||||
Property | 12,091 | 10,203 | 10,010 | 10,547 | 7,912 | |||||
Government | 20 | 201 | 6 | 6 | | |||||
Energy and water | 3,040 | 2,203 | 2,360 | 2,701 | 802 | |||||
Wholesale and re tail distribution and leisure | 14,421 | 13,800 | 12,951 | 12,747 | 9,356 | |||||
Transport | 3,467 | 3,185 | 2,745 | 2,797 | 1,822 | |||||
Postal and communication | 1,491 | 1,416 | 899 | 455 | 440 | |||||
Business and other services | 19,589 | 20,485 | 19,260 | 15,397 | 13,439 | |||||
Home loansb | 82,544 | 69,874 | 62,621 | 57,382 | 61,348 | |||||
Other personal | 31,490 | 28,691 | 27,617 | 30,598 | 26,872 | |||||
Finance lease receivables | 3,911 | 4,008 | 3,923 | 5,203 | 5,551 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers in the UK | 216,018 | 190,347 | 170,518 | 163,759 | 146,248 |
Loans and advances included in the above table for the years 2004 to 2007 have been reanalysed between wholesale and retail distribution and leisure, Home loans, and Other personal to reflect changes in classification of assets.
The industry classifications in Tables 7-9 have been prepared at the level of the borrowing entity. This means that a loan to the subsidiary of a major corporation is classified by the industry in which the subsidiary operates, even though the parents predominant business may be in a different industry.
Table 7: Loans and advances to customers in other European Union countries | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
Financial services | 14,218 | 7,585 | 5,629 | 3,982 | 2,419 | |||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 216 | 141 | 786 | 155 | 280 | |||||
Manufacturing | 8,700 | 4,175 | 3,147 | 2,254 | 2,021 | |||||
Construction | 1,786 | 1,159 | 639 | 803 | 716 | |||||
Property | 4,814 | 2,510 | 2,162 | 3,299 | 344 | |||||
Government | 1,089 | | 6 | | | |||||
Energy and water | 5,313 | 2,425 | 2,050 | 1,490 | 940 | |||||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure | 2,653 | 1,719 | 776 | 952 | 810 | |||||
Transport | 2,603 | 1,933 | 1,465 | 1,695 | 640 | |||||
Postal and communication | 962 | 662 | 580 | 432 | 111 | |||||
Business and other services | 5,490 | 3,801 | 2,343 | 3,594 | 3,795 | |||||
Home loansb | 33,644 | 21,405 | 18,202 | 16,114 | 11,828 | |||||
Other personal | 7,247 | 6,615 | 4,086 | 2,283 | 1,369 | |||||
Finance lease receivables | 3,328 | 2,403 | 1,559 | 1,870 | 937 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers in other European Union countries | 92,063 | 56,533 | 43,430 | 38,923 | 26,210 |
See note under Table 6.
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. The 2004 analysis excludes reverse repurchase agreements. |
b | Excludes commercial property mortgages. |
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Risk management
Statistical information
Table 8: Loans and advances to customers in the United States | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
Financial services | 56,006 | 29,342 | 17,516 | 16,229 | 9,942 | |||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing | | 2 | 2 | 1 | | |||||
Manufacturing | 2,171 | 818 | 519 | 937 | 388 | |||||
Construction | 21 | 18 | 13 | 32 | 139 | |||||
Property | 549 | 568 | 1,714 | 329 | 394 | |||||
Government | 336 | 221 | 153 | 300 | | |||||
Energy and water | 3,085 | 1,279 | 1,078 | 1,261 | 891 | |||||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure | 1,165 | 846 | 403 | 794 | 466 | |||||
Transport | 415 | 137 | 128 | 148 | 186 | |||||
Postal and communication | 3,343 | 2,446 | 36 | 236 | 63 | |||||
Business and other services | 2,279 | 1,053 | 1,432 | 885 | 1,565 | |||||
Home loansb | 17 | 10 | 349 | 2 | 5,768 | |||||
Other personal | 7,702 | 3,256 | 2,022 | 1,443 | 845 | |||||
Finance lease receivables | 298 | 304 | 312 | 328 | 335 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers in the United States | 77,387 | 40,300 | 25,677 | 22,925 | 20,982 |
See note under Table 6.
Table 9: Loans and advances to customers in Africa | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
Financial services |
1,956 | 3,472 | 2,821 | 4,350 | 186 | |||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
817 | 956 | 889 | 1,193 | 102 | |||||
Manufacturing |
1,082 | 1,351 | 1,747 | 1,501 | 313 | |||||
Construction |
2,053 | 637 | 591 | 1,068 | 76 | |||||
Property |
3,485 | 2,433 | 1,987 | 1,673 | 87 | |||||
Government |
1,741 | 967 | 785 | 625 | | |||||
Energy and water |
118 | 356 | 156 | 193 | 184 | |||||
Wholesale and re tail distribution and leisure |
1,012 | 1,326 | 1,050 | 2,774 | 165 | |||||
Transport |
739 | 116 | 354 | 394 | 137 | |||||
Postal and communication |
293 | 231 | 241 | 27 | 52 | |||||
Business and other services |
4,699 | 1,285 | 2,631 | 1,258 | 1,012 | |||||
Home loansb |
19,018 | 15,393 | 11,223 | 11,630 | 214 | |||||
Other personal |
3,087 | 6,287 | 2,976 | 4,955 | 190 | |||||
Finance lease receivables |
5,130 | 4,357 | 4,240 | 1,580 | 41 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers in Africa |
45,230 | 39,167 | 31,691 | 33,221 | 2,759 |
See note under Table 6.
Table 10: Loans and advances to customers in the Rest of the World | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
Loans and advances | 37,421 | 22,702 | 14,207 | 13,407 | 10,520 | |||||
Finance lease receivables | 219 | 118 | 108 | 107 | 74 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers in the Rest of the World | 37,640 | 22,820 | 14,315 | 13,514 | 10,594 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. The 2004 analysis excludes reverse re purchase agreements. |
b | Excludes commercial property mortgages. |
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Table 11: Maturity analysis of loans and advances to customers | ||||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 | On demand £m |
Not more than three months £m |
Over three months but not more than six months £m |
Over six £m |
Over one £m |
Over three but not |
Over five but not |
Over £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
United Kingdom | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate lending | 24,790 | 14,715 | 1,574 | 3,259 | 10,585 | 12,372 | 10,495 | 15,876 | 93,666 | |||||||||
Other lending to customers in the | ||||||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | 4,560 | 6,264 | 2,495 | 4,477 | 16,604 | 10,541 | 21,913 | 55,498 | 122,352 | |||||||||
Total United Kingdom | 29,350 | 20,979 | 4,069 | 7,736 | 27,189 | 22,913 | 32,408 | 71,374 | 216,018 | |||||||||
Other European Union | 5,254 | 17,618 | 2,707 | 5,681 | 11,808 | 10,272 | 10,138 | 28,585 | 92,063 | |||||||||
United States | 6,298 | 39,754 | 2,737 | 5,413 | 8,767 | 3,447 | 4,238 | 6,733 | 77,387 | |||||||||
Africa | 8,428 | 2,247 | 1,143 | 1,852 | 4,560 | 4,557 | 5,674 | 16,769 | 45,230 | |||||||||
Rest of the World | 3,832 | 8,150 | 2,167 | 1,545 | 9,267 | 4,008 | 5,666 | 3,005 | 37,640 | |||||||||
Total | 53,162 | 88,748 | 12,823 | 22,227 | 61,591 | 45,197 | 58,124 | 126,466 | 468,338 |
At 31st December 2007 | On demand £m |
Not more than three months £m |
Over three more than |
Over six not more £m |
Over one £m |
Over three but not |
Over five but not |
Over ten years £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
United Kingdom | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate lending | 26,557 | 15,737 | 2,453 | 3,834 | 8,474 | 8,358 | 10,718 | 11,643 | 87,774 | |||||||||
Other lending to customers in the | ||||||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | 4,384 | 4,717 | 2,106 | 3,597 | 11,517 | 8,699 | 19,325 | 48,228 | 102,573 | |||||||||
Total United Kingdom | 30,941 | 20,454 | 4,559 | 7,431 | 19,991 | 17,057 | 30,043 | 59,871 | 190,347 | |||||||||
Other European Union | 4,016 | 7,665 | 2,229 | 3,284 | 5,842 | 4,883 | 8,842 | 19,772 | 56,533 | |||||||||
United States | 3,053 | 20,205 | 3,430 | 5,938 | 1,904 | 2,498 | 2,658 | 614 | 40,300 | |||||||||
Africa | 6,806 | 4,243 | 881 | 1,969 | 5,568 | 4,124 | 2,285 | 13,291 | 39,167 | |||||||||
Rest of the World | 1,085 | 9,733 | 1,695 | 859 | 2,223 | 2,586 | 3,685 | 954 | 22,820 | |||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 45,901 | 62,300 | 12,794 | 19,481 | 35,528 | 31,148 | 47,513 | 94,502 | 349,167 |
Table 12: Foreign outstandings in currencies other than the local currency of the borrower for countries where this exceeds 1% of total Group assets | ||||||||||
As % of assets |
Total £m |
Banks and other financial institutions £m |
Governments and official institutions £m |
Commercial £m | ||||||
At 31st December 2008 | ||||||||||
United States | 3.1 | 63,614 | 16,724 | 2 | 46,888 | |||||
Cayman Islands | 1.2 | 23,765 | 271 | | 23,494 | |||||
At 31st December 2007 | ||||||||||
United States | 2.1 | 26,249 | 7,151 | 6 | 19,092 | |||||
At 31st December 2006 | ||||||||||
United States | 1.7 | 16,579 | 7,307 | 89 | 9,183 |
At 31st December 2008, 2007 and 2006, there were no countries where Barclays had cross-currency loans to borrowers between 0.75% and 1% of total Group assets.
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Risk management
Statistical information
Table 13: Off-balance sheet and other credit exposures as at 31st December | ||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Off-balance sheet exposures | ||||||
Contingent liabilities | 66,310 | 45,774 | 39,419 | |||
Commitments | 260,816 | 192,639 | 205,504 | |||
On-balance sheet exposures | ||||||
Trading portfolio assets | 185,637 | 193,691 | 177,867 | |||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account | 54,542 | 56,629 | 31,799 | |||
Derivative financial instruments | 984,802 | 248,088 | 138,353 | |||
Available for sale financial investments | 64,976 | 43,072 | 51,703 |
Table 14: Notional principal amounts of credit derivatives as at 31st December | ||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Credit derivatives held or issued for trading purposesa | 4,129,244 | 2,472,249 | 1,224,548 |
Table 15: Credit risk loans summary | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004b £m | |||||
Impaired loansc | 12,264 | 8,574 | 4,444 | 4,550 | n/a | |||||
Non-accruing loans | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2,115 | |||||
Accruing loans where interest is being suspended with or without provisions | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 492 | |||||
Other accruing loans against which provisions have been made | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 943 | |||||
Subtotal | 12,264 | 8,574 | 4,444 | 4,550 | 3,550 | |||||
Accruing loans which are contractually overdue 90 days or more as to principal or interest | 2,953 | 794 | 598 | 609 | 550 | |||||
Impaired and restructured loans | 483 | 273 | 46 | 51 | 15 | |||||
Credit risk loans | 15,700 | 9,641 | 5,088 | 5,210 | 4,115 |
Notes
a | Includes credit derivatives held as economic hedges which are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. |
b | 2004 does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
c | Includes £4,117m (2007: £3,344m) of ABS CDO Super Senior exposures. |
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Table 16: Credit risk loans | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 a £m | |||||
Impaired loans: b |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
3,793 | 3,605 | 3,340 | 2,965 | n/a | |||||
Other European Union |
1,713 | 472 | 410 | 345 | n/a | |||||
United States |
4,397 | 3,703 | 129 | 230 | n/a | |||||
Africa |
1,996 | 757 | 535 | 831 | n/a | |||||
Rest of the World |
365 | 37 | 30 | 179 | n/a | |||||
Total |
12,264 | 8,574 | 4,444 | 4,550 | n/a | |||||
Non-accrual loans: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 1,509 | |||||
Other European Union |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 243 | |||||
United States |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 258 | |||||
Africa |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 74 | |||||
Rest of the World |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 31 | |||||
Total |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2,115 | |||||
Accruing loans where interest is being suspended with or without provisions: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 323 | |||||
Other European Union |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 31 | |||||
Africa |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 21 | |||||
Rest of the World |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 117 | |||||
Total |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 492 | |||||
Other accruing loans against which provisions have been made: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 865 | |||||
Other European Union |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27 | |||||
United States |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 26 | |||||
Africa |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 21 | |||||
Rest of the World |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 4 | |||||
Total |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 943 | |||||
Accruing loans which are contractually overdue 90 days or more as to principal or interest: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
1,656 | 676 | 516 | 539 | 513 | |||||
Other European Union |
562 | 79 | 58 | 53 | 34 | |||||
United States |
433 | 10 | 3 | | 1 | |||||
Africa |
172 | 29 | 21 | 17 | 1 | |||||
Rest of the World |
130 | | | | 1 | |||||
Total |
2,953 | 794 | 598 | 609 | 550 | |||||
Impaired and restructured loans: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
367 | 179 | | 5 | 2 | |||||
Other European Union |
29 | 14 | 10 | 7 | | |||||
United States |
82 | 38 | 22 | 16 | 13 | |||||
Africa |
| 42 | 14 | 23 | | |||||
Rest of the World |
5 | | | | | |||||
Total |
483 | 273 | 46 | 51 | 15 | |||||
Total credit risk loans: |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
5,816 | 4,460 | 3,856 | 3,509 | 3,212 | |||||
Other European Union |
2,304 | 565 | 478 | 405 | 335 | |||||
United States |
4,912 | 3,751 | 154 | 246 | 298 | |||||
Africa |
2,168 | 828 | 570 | 871 | 117 | |||||
Rest of the World |
500 | 37 | 30 | 179 | 153 | |||||
Credit risk loans |
15,700 | 9,641 | 5,088 | 5,210 | 4,115 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
b | Includes £4,1 17m (2007: £3,344m) of ABS CDO Super Senior Exposures. |
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Table 17: Potential problem loans | ||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||
United Kingdom |
883 | 419 | 465 | 640 | 658 | |||||
Other European Union |
963 | 59 | 32 | 26 | 32 | |||||
United States |
431 | 964 | 21 | 12 | 27 | |||||
Africa |
140 | 355 | 240 | 248 | 67 | |||||
Rest of the World |
39 | | 3 | 3 | 14 | |||||
Potential problem loans b |
2,456 | 1,797 | 761 | 929 | 798 |
Table 18: Interest foregone on credit risk loans | ||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Interest in come that would have been recognised under the original contractual terms |
||||||
United Kingdom |
244 | 340 | 357 | |||
Rest of the World |
235 | 91 | 70 | |||
Total |
479 | 431 | 427 |
Interest income of approximately £195m (2007: £48m, 2006: £72m) from such loans was included in profit, of which £72m (2007: £26m, 2006: £49m) related to domestic lending and the remainder related to foreign lending.
In addition, a further £159m (2007: £113m, 2006: £98m) was recognised arising from impaired loans. Following impairment, interest income is recognised using the original effective rate of interest which was used to discount the expected future cash flows for the purpose of measuring the impairment loss. £54m (2007: £93m, 2006: £88m) of this related to domestic impaired loans and the remainder related to foreign impaired loans.
Table 19: Analysis of impairment/provision charges | |||||||||||||
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m |
||||||||
Impairment charge/net specific provisions charge |
|||||||||||||
United Kingdom |
1,817 | 1,593 | 1,880 | 1,382 | 1,021 | ||||||||
Other European Union |
587 | 123 | 92 | 75 | 102 | ||||||||
United States |
1,519 | 374 | 12 | 76 | 57 | ||||||||
Africa |
454 | 214 | 143 | 37 | 27 | ||||||||
Rest of the World |
207 | 2 | (53 | ) | 4 | 103 | |||||||
Impairment on loans and advances |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | 1,574 | 1,310 | ||||||||
Impairment on available for sale assets |
382 | 13 | 86 | 4 | n/a | ||||||||
Impairment on reverse repurchase agreements |
124 | | | | | ||||||||
Impairment charge |
5,090 | 2,319 | 2,160 | 1,578 | 1,310 | ||||||||
Total net specific provisions charge |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||||||||
General provisions (release)/charge |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | (206 | ) | |||||||
Other credit provisions charge/(release) |
329 | 476 | (6 | ) | (7 | ) | (11 | ) | |||||
Impairment/provision charges |
5,419 | 2,795 | 2,154 | 1,571 | 1,093 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IA S 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
b | Includes £nil (2007: £951m) of ABS CDO Super Senior and SIV-lites exposures. |
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Table 20: Impairment/provisions charges ratios (Loan loss ratios) | |||||||||||
2008 % |
2007 % |
2006 % |
200 5 % |
2004a % |
|||||||
Impairment/provisions charges as a percentage of average loans and advances for the year: |
|||||||||||
Specific provisions charge |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.40 | ||||||
General provisions charge |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | (0.07 | ) | |||||
Impairment charge |
1.01 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.58 | n/a | ||||||
Total |
1.01 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.33 | ||||||
Amounts written off (net of recoveries) |
0.61 | 0.49 | 0.61 | 0.50 | 0.40 |
Table 21: Analysis of allowance for impairment/provision for bad and doubtful debts | ||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | ||||||
Impairment allowance/Specific provisions |
||||||||||
United Kingdom |
2,947 | 2,526 | 2,477 | 2,266 | 1,683 | |||||
Other European Union |
963 | 344 | 311 | 284 | 149 | |||||
United States |
1,561 | 356 | 100 | 130 | 155 | |||||
Africa |
857 | 514 | 417 | 647 | 70 | |||||
Rest of the World |
246 | 32 | 30 | 123 | 90 | |||||
Specific provision balances |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2,147 | |||||
General provision balances |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 564 | |||||
Allowance for impairment provision balances |
6,574 | 3,772 | 3,335 | 3,450 | 2,711 | |||||
Average loans and advances for the year |
453,413 | 357,853 | 313,614 | 271,421 | 328,134 |
Table 22: Allowance for impairment/provision balance ratios | ||||||||||
2008 % |
2007 % |
2006 % |
2005 % |
2004a % | ||||||
Allowance for impairment/provision balance at end of year as a percentage of loans and advances at end of year: |
||||||||||
Specific provision balances |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.62 | |||||
General provision balances |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.16 | |||||
Impairment balance |
1.27 | 0.97 | 1.05 | 1.14 | n/a | |||||
Total |
1.27 | 0.97 | 1.05 | 1.14 | 0.78 |
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
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Table 23: Movements in allowance for impairment/provisions charge for bad and doubtful debts | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m |
|||||||||||
Allowance for impairment/provision balance at beginning of year |
3,772 | 3,335 | 3,450 | 2,637 | 2,946 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals |
307 | (73 | ) | (23 | ) | 555 | 21 | ||||||||
Unwind of discount |
(135 | ) | (113 | ) | (98 | ) | (76 | ) | n/a | ||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
791 | 53 | (153 | ) | 125 | (33 | ) | ||||||||
Amounts written off |
(2,919 | ) | (1,963 | ) | (2,174 | ) | (1,587 | ) | (1,582 | ) | |||||
Recoveries |
174 | 227 | 259 | 222 | 255 | ||||||||||
Impairment/provision charged against profit b |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | 1,574 | 1,104 | ||||||||||
Allowance for impairment/provision balance at end of year |
6,574 | 3,772 | 3,335 | 3,450 | 2,711 |
Table 24: Amounts written off | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m |
|||||||||||
United Kingdom |
(1,514 | ) | (1,530 | ) | (1,746 | ) | (1,302 | ) | (1,280 | ) | |||||
Other European Union |
(162 | ) | (143 | ) | (74 | ) | (56 | ) | (63 | ) | |||||
United States |
(1,044 | ) | (145 | ) | (46 | ) | (143 | ) | (50 | ) | |||||
Africa |
(187 | ) | (145 | ) | (264 | ) | (81 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||
Rest of the World |
(12 | ) | | (44 | ) | (5 | ) | (174 | ) | ||||||
Amounts written off |
(2,919 | ) | (1,963 | ) | (2,174 | ) | (1,587 | ) | (1,582 | ) |
Table 25: Recoveries | ||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | ||||||
United Kingdom |
131 | 154 | 178 | 160 | 217 | |||||
Other European Union |
4 | 32 | 18 | 13 | 9 | |||||
United States |
1 | 7 | 22 | 15 | 14 | |||||
Africa |
36 | 34 | 33 | 16 | 4 | |||||
Rest of the World |
2 | | 8 | 18 | 11 | |||||
Recoveries |
174 | 227 | 259 | 222 | 255 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IA S 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
b | Does not reflect the impairment of available for sale assets or other credit risk provisions. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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143 |
Table 26: Impairment allowances/provision charged against profit
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
|
200 5 £m |
|
2004a £m |
| ||||||
New and in creased impairment allowance/specific provision charge: | |||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | 2,160 | 1,960 | 2,253 | 1,763 | 1,358 | ||||||||||
Other European Union | 659 | 192 | 182 | 113 | 131 | ||||||||||
United States | 1,529 | 431 | 60 | 105 | 85 | ||||||||||
Africa |
526 | 268 | 209 | 109 | 47 | ||||||||||
Rest of the World | 242 | 20 | 18 | 39 | 134 | ||||||||||
5,116 | 2,871 | 2,722 | 2,129 | 1,755 | |||||||||||
Reversals of impairment allowance/specific provision charge: | |||||||||||||||
United Kingdom | (212 | ) | (213 | ) | (195 | ) | (221 | ) | (120 | ) | |||||
Other European Union | (68 | ) | (37 | ) | (72 | ) | (25 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||
United States | (9 | ) | (50 | ) | (26 | ) | (14 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||
Africa | (36 | ) | (20 | ) | (33 | ) | (56 | ) | (16 | ) | |||||
Rest of the World | (33 | ) | (18 | ) | (63 | ) | (17 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||
(358 | ) | (338 | ) | (389 | ) | (333 | ) | (190 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries |
(174 | ) | (227 | ) | (259 | ) | (222 | ) | (255 | ) | |||||
Net impairment allowance/specific provision charge b |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | 1,574 | 1,310 | ||||||||||
General provision (release)/charge |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | (206 | ) | |||||||||
Net charge to profit |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | 1,574 | 1,104 |
Table 27: Total impairment/specific provision charges for bad and doubtful debts by industry
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m |
|||||||||
United Kingdom: |
|||||||||||||
Financial services |
76 | 32 | 64 | 22 | (1 | ) | |||||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
4 | | 5 | 9 | | ||||||||
Manufacturing |
118 | 72 | 1 | 120 | 28 | ||||||||
Construction |
15 | 14 | 17 | 14 | 10 | ||||||||
Property |
80 | 36 | 15 | 18 | (42 | ) | |||||||
Energy and water |
1 | 1 | (7 | ) | 1 | 3 | |||||||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure |
59 | 118 | 88 | 39 | 66 | ||||||||
Transport |
3 | 3 | 19 | (27 | ) | (19 | ) | ||||||
Postal and communication |
| 15 | 15 | 3 | (1 | ) | |||||||
Business and other services |
234 | 81 | 133 | 45 | 64 | ||||||||
Home loans |
28 | 1 | 4 | (7 | ) | 17 | |||||||
Other personal |
1,178 | 1,187 | 1,526 | 1,142 | 894 | ||||||||
Finance lease receivables |
21 | 33 | | 3 | 2 | ||||||||
1,817 | 1,593 | 1,880 | 1,382 | 1,021 | |||||||||
Overseas |
2,767 | 713 | 194 | 192 | 289 | ||||||||
Impairment/specific provision charges |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | 1,574 | 1,310 |
Notes
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
b | Does not reflect the impairment of available for sale assets , reverse repurchase agreements or other credit risk provisions. |
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Risk management
Statistical information
Table 28: Allowance for impairment/specific provision for bad and doubtful debts by industry
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004a | ||||||||||||||||
£m | % | £m | % | £m | % | £m | % | £m | % | |||||||||||
United Kingdom: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Financial services |
81 | 1.2 | 103 | 2.7 | 67 | 2.0 | 26 | 0.8 | 7 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
1 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.1 | 17 | 0.5 | 12 | 0.3 | 4 | 0.2 | ||||||||||
Manufacturing |
185 | 2.8 | 65 | 1.7 | 85 | 2.5 | 181 | 5.2 | 37 | 1.7 | ||||||||||
Construction |
18 | 0.3 | 16 | 0.4 | 16 | 0.5 | 13 | 0.4 | 6 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Property |
114 | 1.7 | 54 | 1.4 | 26 | 0.8 | 24 | 0.7 | 26 | 1.2 | ||||||||||
Energy and water |
1 | 0.0 | 1 | | | | 18 | 0.5 | 23 | 1.0 | ||||||||||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure |
43 | 0.7 | 102 | 2.7 | 81 | 2.4 | 99 | 2.9 | 70 | 3.3 | ||||||||||
Transport |
| 0.0 | 11 | 0.3 | 24 | 0.7 | 32 | 0.9 | 55 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
Postal and communication |
33 | 0.5 | 25 | 0.7 | 12 | 0.4 | 2 | 0.1 | 13 | 0.6 | ||||||||||
Business and other services |
236 | 3.6 | 158 | 4.2 | 186 | 5.6 | 102 | 3.0 | 105 | 4.9 | ||||||||||
Home loans |
46 | 0.7 | 15 | 0.4 | 10 | 0.3 | 50 | 1.4 | 58 | 2.7 | ||||||||||
Other personal |
2,160 | 32.9 | 1,915 | 50.8 | 1,953 | 58.6 | 1,696 | 49.2 | 1,265 | 58.9 | ||||||||||
Finance lease receivables |
29 | 0.4 | 56 | 1.5 | | | 11 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.7 | ||||||||||
2,947 | 44.8 | 2,526 | 67.0 | 2,477 | 74.3 | 2,266 | 65.7 | 1,683 | 78.4 | |||||||||||
Overseas |
3,627 | 55.2 | 1,246 | 33.0 | 858 | 25.7 | 1,184 | 34.3 | 464 | 21.6 | ||||||||||
Total |
6,574 | 100.0 | 3,772 | 100.0 | 3,335 | 100.0 | 3,450 | 100.0 | 2,147 | 100.0 |
See note under Table 27.
Table 29: Analysis of amounts written off and recovered by industry
Amounts written off for the year | Recoveries of amounts previously written off | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m |
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004a £m | |||||||||||
United Kingdom: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Financial services |
88 | 6 | 13 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 1 | | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
6 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 2 | | 2 | 1 | | 1 | ||||||||||
Manufacturing |
53 | 83 | 73 | 47 | 79 | 8 | 7 | 21 | 11 | 30 | ||||||||||
Construction |
19 | 23 | 17 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||
Property |
27 | 16 | 23 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 69 | ||||||||||
Energy and water |
1 | | 1 | 22 | 9 | | | 2 | | 2 | ||||||||||
Wholesale and retail distribution and leisure |
137 | 109 | 120 | 85 | 55 | 7 | 12 | 14 | 25 | 7 | ||||||||||
Transport |
10 | 13 | 11 | 29 | 44 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 15 | |||||||||||
Postal and communication |
3 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 2 | | | | | 1 | ||||||||||
Business and other services |
153 | 83 | 124 | 83 | 96 | 10 | 22 | 17 | 14 | 16 | ||||||||||
Home loans |
4 | 1 | | 2 | 19 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 5 | ||||||||||
Other personal |
960 | 1,164 | 1,351 | 992 | 948 | 88 | 96 | 107 | 92 | 65 | ||||||||||
Finance lease receivables |
53 | 24 | | 3 | 4 | 8 | | | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
1,514 | 1,530 | 1,746 | 1,302 | 1,280 | 131 | 154 | 178 | 160 | 217 | |||||||||||
Overseas |
1,405 | 433 | 428 | 285 | 302 | 43 | 73 | 81 | 62 | 38 | ||||||||||
Total |
2,919 | 1,963 | 2,174 | 1,587 | 1,582 | 174 | 227 | 259 | 222 | 255 |
See note under Table 27.
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | 145 |
Table 30: Total impairment allowance/(provision) coverage of credit risk loans
2008 % |
2007 % |
2006 % |
2005 % |
2004a % | ||||||
United Kingdom |
50.7 | 56.6 | 64.2 | 64.6 | 68.1 | |||||
Other European Union |
41.8 | 60.9 | 65.1 | 70.1 | 60.9 | |||||
United States |
31.8 | 9.5 | 64.9 | 52.8 | 57.0 | |||||
Africa |
39.5 | 62.1 | 73.2 | 74.3 | 68.4 | |||||
Rest of the World |
49.2 | 86.5 | 100.0 | 68.7 | 71.9 | |||||
Total coverage of credit risk loans |
41.9 | 39.1 | 65.6 | 66.2 | 66.9 | |||||
Total coverage of credit risk loans excluding ABS CDO Super Senior exposure |
48.0 | 55.3 | 65.6 | 66.2 | 66.9 |
Table 31: Total impairment allowance/(provision) coverage of potential credit risk lending (CRLs and PPLs)
2008 % |
2007 % |
2006 % |
2005 % |
2004a % | ||||||
United Kingdom |
44.0 | 51.8 | 57.3 | 54.6 | 56.5 | |||||
Other European Union |
29.5 | 55.1 | 61.0 | 65.9 | 55.6 | |||||
United States |
29.2 | 7.6 | 57.1 | 50.4 | 52.3 | |||||
Africa |
37.1 | 43.4 | 51.5 | 57.8 | 43.5 | |||||
Rest of the World |
45.5 | 86.5 | 91.0 | 67.6 | 65.9 | |||||
Total coverage of potential credit risk lending |
36.2 | 33.0 | 57.0 | 56.2 | 56.0 | |||||
Total coverage of potential credit risk lenders excluding ABS CDO Super Senior exposure |
39.6 | 47.7 | 57.0 | 56.2 | 56.0 |
Allowance coverage of credit risk loans and potential credit risk loans excluding the drawn ABS CDO Super Senior exposure decreased to 48.0% (31st December 2007: 55.3%) and 39.6% (31st December 2007: 47.7%), respectively. The decrease in these ratios reflected a change in the mix of credit risk loans and potential credit risk loans: unsecured retail exposures, where the recovery outlook is relatively low, decreased as a proportion of the total as the collections and underwriting processes were improved. Secured retail and wholesale and corporate exposures, where the recovery outlook is relatively high, increased as a proportion of credit risk loans and potential credit risk loans.
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
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Corporate governance report
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Board and Committee Membership and Attendance
The table below sets out attendance of Directors at Board and Committee meetings in 2008.
Independent | Scheduled Board |
Additional Board |
Board Audit Committee |
Board HR & Remuneration Committee |
Board Corporate Governance & Nominations Committee |
Board Risk Committee | ||||||||
Number of meetings held |
7 | 23 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
Group Chairman |
||||||||||||||
Marcus Agius |
OA | 7 | 23 | | 5 | 2 | | |||||||
Executive Directors |
||||||||||||||
John Varley (Group Chief Executive) |
ED | 7 | 23 | | | | | |||||||
Bob Diamond |
ED | 7 | 22 | | | | | |||||||
Gary Hoffman (left the Board 31st August 2008) |
ED | 5 | 7 | | | | | |||||||
Chris Lucas |
ED | 7 | 23 | | | | | |||||||
Frits Seegers |
ED | 6 | 20 | | | | | |||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||||||
David Booth |
I | 7 | 22 | | | | 4 | |||||||
Sir Richard Broadbent (Senior Independent Director) |
I | 7 | 21 | | 5 | 2 | 4 | |||||||
Leigh Clifford |
I | 7 | 13 | | 4 | | | |||||||
Fulvio Conti |
I | 7 | 17 | 9 | | | | |||||||
Dr Danie Cronjé (left the Board 24th April 2008) |
I | 2 | | | | | 1 | |||||||
Professor Dame Sandra Dawson |
I | 7 | 21 | 10 | | | | |||||||
Sir Andrew Likierman |
I | 7 | 18 | 8 | | | 4 | |||||||
Sir Michael Rake |
I | 6 | 21 | 7 | | | | |||||||
Sir Nigel Rudd (Deputy Chairman) |
I | 7 | 20 | | | 2 | | |||||||
Stephen Russell |
I | 6 | 13 | 10 | | 2 | 3 | |||||||
Sir John Sunderland |
I | 7 | 20 | | 4 | 1 | | |||||||
Patience Wheatcroft |
I | 7 | 22 | | | | |
Key
OA | Independent on appointment | |
ED | Executive Director | |
I | Independent non-executive Director |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Corporate governance
Corporate governance report
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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169 |
Remuneration Report
170 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | | | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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171 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Executive Directors Pay
Table 1a: Executive Directors annual remuneration | ||||||||
Element | Purpose | Delivery | Programme summary | When normally received/ awarded | ||||
Salary | To reflect the market value of the individual and their role | Cash Monthly Pensionable |
Reviewed annually, with any increases typically effective on 1st April |
Paid in year | ||||
Annual performance bonus (cash) | To incentivise the delivery of annual goals at the Group, business division and individual levels | No more than 75% of annual performance bonus paid in cash At least 25% recommended as deferred share awards under ESAS Non-pensionable |
Based on annual business unit performance, performance of the Group as a whole and individual contribution |
Normally paid in the following financial year | ||||
Total cash | Sub-total of the above | |||||||
Deferred share award (ESAS) | To align annual performance with shareholder value and increase retention | At least 25% of annual performance bonus recommended as deferred share awards under ESAS Non-pensionable |
Discretionary awards of shares to be deferred for three to five years. No performance condition on release, as a deferred share award 20% bonus shares releasable after three years, a further 10% after five years Dividends normally accumulated during deferral period |
Normally awarded in the following financial year | ||||
Long-term incentive (PSP) | To reward the creation of above median, sustained growth in shareholder value and Economic Profit (EP) performance | Annual awards of shares that vest after three years, subject to performance conditions Non-pensionable |
Discretionary awards Participation reviewed annually Barclays performance over three years determines the performance shares eligible for release to each individual |
Normally awarded in the following financial year | ||||
Total direct remuneration | Total of the above | |||||||
Pension (or cash allowance) | To provide a market competitive post-retirement benefit | Deferred cash or cash allowance Monthly |
Non-contributory, defined benefit scheme and/or defined contribution scheme, or cash allowance in lieu of pension contributions |
Paid or accrued during year | ||||
Other benefits | To provide market competitive benefits | Benefit in kind, or cash allowance Non-pensionable |
Benefits include private medical, insurance life and disability cover, accommodation overseas when required for business purposes, use of company owned vehicle or cash equivalent and tax advice |
Received during year | ||||
Sub-total in accordance with Companies Act 1985 | Total of Salary, Annual Cash Bonus, Other Benefits and Pension Cash Allowance |
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Table 1b: Executive Directors annual remuneration | ||||||||||||||||
John Varley | Robert E Diamond Jr | Chris Lucas | Frits Seegers | |||||||||||||
2008 £000 |
2007 £000 |
2008 £000 |
2007 £000 |
2008 £000 |
2007 £000 |
2008 £000 |
2007 £000 | |||||||||
Salary |
1,075 | 975 | 250 | 250 | 638 | 450 | 700 | 700 | ||||||||
Annual performance bonus (cash) |
0 | 1,425 | 0 | 6,500 | 0 | 450 | 0 | 1,313 | ||||||||
Total cash |
1,075 | 2,400 | 250 | 6,750 | 638 | 900 | 700 | 2,013 | ||||||||
Deferred share award (ESAS) |
0 | 618 | 0 | 11,375 | 0 | 195 | 0 | 569 | ||||||||
Fair value of long- term incentive (PSP) award |
0 | 1,200 | 0 | 3,000 | 800 | 800 | 1,600 | 1,600 | ||||||||
Total direct remuneration |
1,075 | 4,218 | 250 | 21,125 | 1,438 | 1,895 | 2,300 | 4,182 | ||||||||
Pension (or cash allowance) |
Member of pension scheme. See page 178 |
Member of pension scheme. See page 178 |
Member of pension scheme. See page 178 |
Member of pension scheme. See page 178 |
159 | 113 | 175 | 175 | ||||||||
Other benefits |
23 | 18 | 66 | 14 | 18 | 22 | 27 | 24 | ||||||||
Sub-total in accordance with Companies Act 1985 |
1,098 | 2,418 | 316 | 6,764 | 815 | 1,035 | 902 | 2,212 |
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Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Share Plans
Table 3: Long-term plans and deferred share plans | |||||||||||||
Number of shares under award/option 1st January 2008 (maximum) |
Awarded in year (maximum) |
Market price on award date |
Adjusted weighted average exercise price |
Number released/ exercised |
|||||||||
John Varley |
|||||||||||||
PSP 2005-2007 |
426,135 | | £ | 5.30 | | | |||||||
PSP 2006-2008 |
461,244 | | £ | 6.75 | | | |||||||
PSP 2007-2009 |
491,130 | | £ | 7.08 | | | |||||||
PSP 2008-2010 |
| 791,208 | £ | 4.25 | | | |||||||
ISOP |
920,000 | | | £ | 4.29 | | |||||||
Sharesave |
3,638 | | | £ | 4.70 | | |||||||
ESAS |
344,711 | 135,715 | £ | 4.25 | | (23,214 | ) | ||||||
Robert E Diamond Jr |
|||||||||||||
PSP 2005-2007 |
156,249 | | £ | 5.30 | | | |||||||
PSP 2006-2008 |
2,306,208 | | £ | 6.75 | | | |||||||
PSP 2007-2009 |
2,803,548 | | £ | 7.08 | | | |||||||
PSP 2008-2010 |
| 1,978,020 | £ | 4.25 | | | |||||||
ISOP |
560,000 | | | £ | 4.42 | | |||||||
ESOS |
100,000 | | | £ | 3.97 | | |||||||
RIO cash release |
| | | | | ||||||||
BGI EOP |
100,000 | | | £ | 20.11 | | |||||||
ESAS |
4,863,749 | 4,131,868 | £ | 4.25 | | (2,131,463 | ) | ||||||
Chris Lucas |
|||||||||||||
PSP 2007-2009 |
248,730 | | £ | 7.08 | | | |||||||
PSP 2008-2010 |
| 527,472 | £ | 4.25 | | | |||||||
Sharesave |
3,638 | | | £ | 4.70 | | |||||||
ESAS |
69,091 | 42,857 | £ | 4.25 | | (34,546 | ) | ||||||
Frits Seegers |
|||||||||||||
PSP 2006-2008 |
473,184 | | £ | 6.30 | | | |||||||
PSP 2007-2009 |
409,278 | | £ | 7.08 | | | |||||||
PSP 2008-2010 |
| 1,054,944 | £ | 4.25 | | | |||||||
Sharesave |
3,390 | | | £ | 4.70 | | |||||||
ESAS |
231,383 | 125,000 | £ | 4.25 | | (80,221 | ) |
Table 4: Performance conditions attaching to the share plans in which the executive Directors participate | ||||||
Scheme |
Performance period |
Performance measure |
Target | |||
PSP |
2008 -2010 | 50% of award calibrated against TSR | 33% of maximum award released for above median performance (6th place) with 100% released in 1st place and a scaled basis in between | |||
50% of award calibrated against Cumulative EP over the three year performance period | 33% of maximum award released for £6,921m scaled to 100% of maximum award at £8,350m | |||||
2007-2009 | 50% of award calibrated against TSR | As above | ||||
50% of award calibrated against Cumulative EP over the three year performance period | 33% of maximum award released for £7,618m scaled to 100% of maximum award at £8,668m | |||||
2006-2008 | 50% of award calibrated against TSR | As above | ||||
50% of award calibrated against Cumulative EP over the three year performance period | 33% of maximum award released for £5,661m scaled to 100% of maximum award at £7,073m | |||||
2005-2007 | 100% of award calibrated against TSR | As above |
174 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Cash released |
Market price |
Number lapsed in 2008 |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted number of shares under award/option at 31st December 2008 (maximum) |
Vested number of shares under option |
Value of release/ exercise |
End of three year PSP performance period, or first exercise/ scheduled release date |
Last exercise/ scheduled release date | |||||||||||
|
| (426,135 | ) | | | | | 31/12/07 | 16/06/08 | ||||||||||
|
| | 12,360 | 473,604 | | | 31/12/08 | 21/03/09 | |||||||||||
|
| | 13,164 | 504,294 | | | 31/12/09 | 22/03/10 | |||||||||||
|
| | 21,204 | 812,412 | | | 31/12/10 | 20/03/11 | |||||||||||
|
| | 24,655 | 944,655 | 944,655 | | 18/05/03 | 22/03/14 | |||||||||||
|
| | 97 | 3,735 | | | 01/11/14 | 01/05/15 | |||||||||||
|
£ | 4.56 | | 12,255 | 469,467 | | £ | 0.1m | 13/03/06 | 20/03/13 | |||||||||
|
| (156,249 | ) | | | | | 31/12/07 | 16/06/08 | ||||||||||
|
| | 61,806 | 2,368,014 | | | 31/12/08 | 21/03/09 | |||||||||||
|
| | 75,138 | 2,878,686 | | | 31/12/09 | 22/03/10 | |||||||||||
|
| | 53,010 | 2,031,030 | | | 31/12/10 | 20/03/11 | |||||||||||
|
| | 15,008 | 575,008 | 575,008 | | 12/03/04 | 22/03/14 | |||||||||||
|
| (100,000 | ) | | | | | 14/08/01 | 13/08/08 | ||||||||||
£7.425m |
| | | | | £ | 7.42m | 06/02/08 | 15/03/08 | ||||||||||
|
| | | 100,000 | 100,000 | | 26/03/07 | 26/03/14 | |||||||||||
|
£ | 4.56/£4.57 | | 183,958 | 7,048,112 | | £ | 9.74m | 28/02/06 | 20/03/13 | |||||||||
|
| | 6,666 | 255,396 | | | 31/12/09 | 22/03/10 | |||||||||||
|
| | 14,136 | 541,608 | | | 31/12/10 | 20/03/11 | |||||||||||
|
| | 97 | 3,735 | | | 01/11/14 | 01/05/15 | |||||||||||
|
£ | 4.45 | | 2,075 | 79,477 | | £ | 0.16m | 31/03/08 | 20/03/13 | |||||||||
|
| | 12,684 | 485,868 | | | 31/12/08 | 04/08/09 | |||||||||||
|
| | 10,968 | 420,246 | | | 31/12/09 | 22/03/10 | |||||||||||
|
| | 28,272 | 1,083,216 | | | 31/12/10 | 20/03/11 | |||||||||||
|
| | 90 | 3,480 | | | 01/11/12 | 01/05/13 | |||||||||||
|
£ | 2.91 | | 9,550 | 285,712 | | £ | 0.23m | 29/06/07 | 20/03/13 |
TSR Peer group constituents |
||||||||
UK | Mainland Europe | US | Underpin | Actual performance | ||||
HBOS, HSBC, Lloyds TSB, Royal Bank of Scotland |
Banco Santander, BBVA, BNP Paribas, Deutsche Bank, UBS |
Citigroup, JP Morgan Chase |
Cumulative EP over performance period must exceed cumulative EP over previous three years | To be determined at vesting in March 2011 | ||||
|
||||||||
As above |
As above | To be determined | ||||||
|
at vesting in March 2010 | |||||||
As above |
As above | Performance condition | ||||||
partially met | ||||||||
|
||||||||
As above |
As above | TSR performance condition not met |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
175 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Table 5: Pension provision
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Age at 31st December |
Completed years of service |
Accrued £000 |
Pension accrued during 2008 (including increase for inflation) £000 |
Pension accrued during 2008 (excluding inflation) £000 |
Accrued December £000 |
Transfer value of December £000 |
Transfer December £000 |
Increase in transfer value during the year £000 |
Annual cash in lieu of pension £000 | |||||||||||
John Varley |
52 | 26 | 489 | 83 | 59 | 572 | 9,463 | 12,328 | 2,865 | | ||||||||||
Robert E Diamon Jr |
57 | 12 | 38 | 7 | 5 | 45 | 214 | 280 | 66 | | ||||||||||
Chris Lucas |
48 | 1 | | | | | | | | 159 | ||||||||||
Frits Seegers |
50 | 2 | | | | | |
| | 175 |
176 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Table 9: Contract terms | ||||||
Effective date of contract |
Notice period from the Company |
Potential compensation for loss of office | ||||
Executive Directors |
||||||
John Varley |
1st September 2004 | 12 months | 12 months base salary, bonus and continuation of medical and pension benefits whilst an employee | |||
Robert E Diamond Jr |
1st June 2005 | 12 months | 12 months base salary, bonus and continuation of medical and pension benefits whilst an employee | |||
Chris Lucas |
1st April 2007 | 12 months | 12 months base salary, bonus equivalent to the average of the previous three years up to 100% of base salary and continuation of medical and pension benefits whilst an employee | |||
Frits Seegers |
7th June 2006 | 12 months | 12 months base salary, bonus and continuation of medical and pension benefits whilst an employee |
Table 10: Other directorships held by the executive Directors and fees retained
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Director | Organisation | Fees | Fees retained |
Fees | Fees retained | |||||||||
John Varley |
British Grolux Investments Limited | £ | 7,788 | £ | 7,788 | £ | 7,613 | £ | 7,613 | |||||
AstraZeneca plc | £ | 83,333 | £ | 83,333 | £ | 56,486 | £ | 56,486 | ||||||
International Advisory Panel of the Monetary Authority of Singapore | US$ | 0 | US$ | 0 | US$ | 10,000 | US$ | 10,000 | ||||||
Robert E Diamond Jr |
Old Vic Productions plc | £ | 0 | £ | 0 | £ | 0 | £ | 0 | |||||
Frits Seegers |
Absa Group Limited and Absa Bank Limited | £ | 26,807 | £ | 0 | £ | 33,363 | £ | 0 | |||||
Chris Lucas |
| | | | |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
177 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Table 11: Fees | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Chairman £000 |
Deputy Chairman £000 |
Board Member £000 |
Senior Independent Director £000 |
Audit Committee £000 |
Board HR and Remuneration Committee £000 |
Board Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee £000 |
Board Risk Committee £000 |
Benefits £000 |
Total 2008 £000 |
Total 2007 £000 | ||||||||||||
Full-year fee |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(at 31st Dec 08) |
750 | 200 | 70 | 30 | | | | | | | | |||||||||||
Full-year fee Committee Chair |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(at 31st Dec 08) |
| | | | 60 | 40 | | 40 | | | | |||||||||||
Full-year fee Committee Member |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(at 31st Dec 08) |
| | | | 25 | 15 | 15 | 15 | | | | |||||||||||
Fees to 31st December 2008 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Group Chairman |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Marcus Agius |
750 | | | | | M. | Ch. | | 1 | 751 | 751 | |||||||||||
Non-executive Directors |
||||||||||||||||||||||
David Booth |
| | M. | | | | | M. | | 83 | 43 | |||||||||||
Sir Richard Broadbent |
| | M. | Snr. Ind. | | Ch. | M. | Ch. | | 188 | 180 | |||||||||||
Leigh Clifford AO |
| | M. | | | M. | | | | 115 | 97 | |||||||||||
Fulvio Conti |
|
| M. |
| M. | | | | | 90 | 85 | |||||||||||
Professor Dame Sandra Dawson |
| | M. | | M. | | | | | 90 | 85 | |||||||||||
Sir Andrew Likierman |
| | M. | | M. | | | M. | | 105 | 100 | |||||||||||
Sir Michael Rake |
| | M. | | M. | | | | | 90 | | |||||||||||
Sir Nigel Rudd DL |
| D. Ch. | | | | | M. | | | 200 | 200 | |||||||||||
Stephen Russell |
| | M. | | Ch. | | M. | M. | | 153 | 145 | |||||||||||
Sir John Sunderland |
| | M. | | | M. | M. | | | 98 | 95 | |||||||||||
Patience Wheatcroft |
| | M. | | | | | | | 78 | |
Patience Wheatcroft was a member of the Brand and Reputation Committee for which the full year fee is £15,000. Leigh Clifford was also a member of the Asia Pacific Advisory Committee and received fees of US$60,000 (2007: US$35,000). These fees are included in those shown above.
178 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Former Directors
Gary Hoffman and Dr Danie Cronjé ceased to be Directors during the year.
Mr Hoffman resigned as a Director on 23rd July 2008 and ceased to be an executive Director on 31st August 2008. His employment ceased on 30th September 2008. On cessation of his directorship and employment, Mr Hoffman received no termination payments and it was mutually agreed that his full notice period would be waived without payment in lieu, to allow him to take up his appointment at Northern Rock. Dr Cronjé did not put himself forward for re-election at the 2008 AGM and received no termination payments. Their remuneration received during the year was as follows:
Table 14: Annual remuneration | ||||||||||||||
Received for 2008 | ||||||||||||||
Salary £000 |
Annual £000 |
Deferred £000 |
Long term £000 |
Benefits £000 |
Total £000 |
Total 2007 £000 | ||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
417 | 298 | | | 9 | 724 | 1,146 | |||||||
Dr Danie Cronjé |
25 | | | | | 25 | 217 |
Mr Hoffman received his normal monthly salary benefits and pro-rated annual cash bonus, total of £90,477 for the period between the cessation of his directorship and 30th September 2008.
The former Directors beneficial shareholdings were as follows:
Table 15: Shareholdings at date of cessation as Director | ||||
At 1st January 2008 total beneficial holdings |
At date of cessation as Director total beneficial holdings | |||
Gary Hoffman |
431,761 | 542,979 | ||
Dr Danie Cronjé |
5,146 | 6,416 |
Dr Cronjé also held 11,700 preference shares in Absa Bank Limited and 101,577 ordinary shares in Absa Bank Limited at 31st January 2008 and 24th April 2008.
Mr Hoffman participates in the UK closed defined benefit pension scheme providing a pension at the normal retirement age of 60 at an accrual rate of 1/60th of pensionable salary for each year of pensionable service.
Table 16: Pension provision | ||||||||||||||||||||
Age at 31st August 2008 |
Completed years of service |
Accrued at 31st |
Pension accrued during 2008 (including increase for inflation) £000 |
Pension accrued during 2008 (excluding inflation) £000 |
Accrued at 31st |
Transfer at 31st |
Transfer at 31st |
Increase in transfer value during the year £000 | ||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
47 | 25 | 273 | (1 | ) | (15 | ) | 272 | 2,598 | 2,824 | 226 |
In addition to the value of the accrued pension at 31st August 2008, Mr Hoffman also had defined contribution benefits in respect of Special Company Contributions (bonus sacrifice). The fund value of this arrangement was £626,412 as at 31st August 2008. The scheme also provided, whilst in employment, a death in service dependants pension of 50% of the pension that would have been payable if employment had continued until normal pension age.
The terms of Mr Hoffmans contract and Dr Cronjés letter of appointment were:
Table 17: Terms of contract or letter of appointment | ||||||
Effective date | Notice period from the Company |
Potential compensation for loss of office | ||||
Gary Hoffman |
1st January 2004 | 12 months | 12 months base salary, bonus equivalent to the average of the previous three years up to 100% of base salary, and continuation of medical and pension benefits whilst an employee | |||
Dr Danie Cronjé |
1st September 2005 | 6 months | 6 months fees |
Mr Hoffmans other Directorships and fees retained were:
Table 18: Other Directorships held by Gary Hoffman | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Organisation | Fees £000 |
Fees retained £000 |
Fees £000 |
Fees retained £000 | ||||||||
Visa (Europe) Limited |
£ | 0 | £ | 0 | £ | 0 | £ | 0 | ||||
Trinity Mirror plc |
£ | 46,666 | £ | 46,666 | £ | 62,754 | £ | 62,754 | ||||
Barclays Pension Fund Trustees Limited |
£ | 12,500 | £ | 12,500 | | |
Mr Hoffman was retained as a Director of Barclays Pension Fund Trustees Limited following cessation of his employment on 30th September 2008. The fees disclosed represent those paid to him for the remainder of 2008.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
179 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Table 19: Executive Share Award Scheme (ESAS)
Scheme | Number at beginning of year (maximum) |
Awarded (maximum) |
Market price on award date |
Number released |
Market price on release date |
Number lapsed |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted number at 31/08/08 (maximum) |
Value of release |
First release date |
Last release date | |||||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ESAS |
177,314 | 48,215 | £ | 4.25 | (19,273 | ) | £ | 4.56 | | 5,527 | 211,783 | £ | 0.1m | 13/03/06 | 20/03/11 |
Table 20: Voluntary Executive Share Award Scheme (VESAS)
Scheme | Number at beginning of year (maximum) |
Awarded (maximum) |
Adjusted exercise price |
Number vested in year |
Number exercised |
Market date |
Number lapsed |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted number 31/08/08 (maximum) |
Vested number of share options |
Value of exercise |
First exercise date |
Last exercise date | |||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
VESAS |
97,088 | | nil | | | | | 2,602 | 99,690 | 92,022 | | 05/03/07 | 29/09/09 |
Table 21: Performance Share Plan (PSP)
Maximum number of shares at beginning of year |
Maximum of shares the year |
Market price on award date |
Number released |
Market price on release/ lapse date |
Number lapsed |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted maximum number of shares at 31/08/08 |
Value of release |
End of three year performance period |
Scheduled release date | ||||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 |
227,274 | | £ | 5.30 | | | (227,274 | ) | | | | 31/12/07 | 16/06/08 | |||||||||||
2006 |
288,276 | | £ | 6.75 | | | | 7,728 | 296,004 | | 31/12/08 | 21/03/09 | ||||||||||||
2007 |
255,798 | | £ | 7.08 | | | | 6,858 | 262,656 | | 31/12/09 | 22/03/10 | ||||||||||||
2008 |
| 412,086 | £ | 4.25 | | | | 11,046 | 423,132 | | 31/12/10 | 20/03/11 |
Table 22: Incentive Share Option Plan (ISOP)
Scheme | Number at beginning of year (maximum) |
Awarded in year (maximum) |
Adjusted weighted exercise price |
Number vested in year |
Number exercised |
Market price on exercise/ lapse date |
Number lapsed |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted number at 31/08/08 (maximum) |
Vested number of share options |
Value of exercise |
First exercise date |
Last exercise date | ||||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ISOP |
540,000 | | £ | 4.39 | | | | | 14,472 | 554,472 | 554,472 | | 12/03/04 | 29/09/09 |
Table 23: Sharesave
Number at beginning of year (maximum) |
Awarded in year (maximum) |
Adjusted weighted exercise price |
Number vested in year |
Number exercised |
Market price on exercise date |
Adjusted number |
Adjustment due to open offer |
Adjusted number at 31/08/08 (maximum) |
Vested number of share options |
Value of exercise |
First exercise date |
Last exercise date | |||||||||||||||||
Gary Hoffman |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
6,150 | | £ | 4.24 | | | | | 163 | 6,313 | | | n/a | n/a |
180 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Share and Long Term Incentive Plans
Barclays operates a number of Group-wide plans. Summaries of the principal plans are set out below. Barclays has a number of employee benefit trusts which operate with these plans. In some cases, the trustees grant awards and purchase shares in the market to satisfy awards as required, in others, new issue or treasury shares may be used to satisfy awards where the appropriate shareholder approval has been obtained. The number of shares held by the trustees is set out in Note 32 on page 243. The limits on the issue of new shares comply with the guidelines issued by the Association of British Insurers.
Table 24: Plans under which awards made in 2008
Plan name
|
Executive
|
Description
| ||
Performance Share Plan (PSP) |
Yes | PSP is a performance related share plan under which awards of Barclays shares may be made to selected employees (including executive Directors), subject to trustee discretion. | ||
The PSP trustee may select any employee of the Group to participate in the plan. | ||||
Awards are granted by the PSP trustee, in consultation with the Remuneration Committee and are communicated as provisional allocations to participants. No right to the shares arises until the PSP trustee releases the shares. | ||||
Participants do not pay for a grant or release of an award. | ||||
Awards are normally releasable on or after the third anniversary of grant, to the extent that applicable performance conditions are satisfied, subject to trustee discretion. | ||||
Any awards released may also include an additional number of shares equivalent to any dividends that would have been paid on the shares between the date of grant and release. | ||||
Normally, the maximum expected value of an award made to an employee at the date of grant is the higher of 150% of base salary, or 75% of base salary and target bonus. Maximum awards reflect the relevant market for each executive Director. Awards are communicated on grant as an expected value, this is a single value for the award at grant, which takes into account the sum of the various possible performance and vesting outcomes. | ||||
On cessation of employment, eligible leavers (as defined) normally receive an award pro rated for time and performance subject to trustee discretion. For other leavers, awards will normally lapse. | ||||
On a change of control awards may vest at the PSP trustees discretion and may be pro rated for time and performance to the date of change of control. | ||||
PSP is not an HMRC approved plan. | ||||
The plan was approved for a ten year period by shareholders in April 2005.
| ||||
Executive Share Award Scheme (ESAS) |
Yes |
ESAS is a deferred share award plan operated in conjunction with various Barclays Group bonus plans for selected employees (including executive Directors), subject to trustee discretion. | ||
Awards are granted by the ESAS trustee having first consulted with the Remuneration Committee. | ||||
For certain eligible employees a proportion of discretionary annual bonus is delivered in cash and a proportion is as a recommended mandatory provisional allocation of Barclays shares under ESAS. Normally, for executive Directors, a minimum of 25% of bonus is delivered as a recommended mandatory award under ESAS with 75% delivered as cash. | ||||
The mandatory provisional allocation will normally include bonus shares equal to 30% of the value of the deferred bonus amount awarded in shares. Bonus shares are awarded to recognise the interest that a participant forgoes on the deferred part of the discretionary bonus. | ||||
Under mandatory ESAS awards, nil cost options are typically granted three years from award, subject to the discretion of the ESAS trustee. Participants may then call for the shares plus two thirds of the bonus shares and any associated dividend shares. If the nil cost option is not exercised by the end of the two year period, the ESAS trustee may release all shares, bonus shares and any dividend shares to the participant. | ||||
In addition to mandatory ESAS, participants may also request to waive any bonus (or part of a bonus) to which they may become entitled and request that a voluntary ESAS award be made to them in the form of a nil cost option. Voluntary ESAS awards are typically fully exercisable after five years, and include bonus shares equal to 30% of the waived bonus amount. Dividend shares may be awarded, as per mandatory ESAS awards. | ||||
On cessation of employment, a participant may forfeit an award depending on the reason for leaving. Special provisions apply on a change of control. | ||||
ESAS is also used to make certain awards to facilitate the retention and recruitment of new joiners to the Group who have forfeited share awards on leaving previous employment. Typically bonus shares are not awarded, though dividend shares may be awarded, as per mandatory ESAS awards. | ||||
ESAS is not an HMRC approved plan.
| ||||
Incentive shares |
No |
Incentive shares are discretionary share awards that may be made to selected employees (excluding executive Directors), subject to trustee discretion. | ||
Shares are normally released after three years, subject to continued employment and the discretion of the trustee. Dividends received are normally awarded as additional shares and released at the same time. | ||||
On cessation of employment eligible leavers (as defined) normally receive an award pro rated for time in employment, subject to the discretion of the trustee; for other leavers, awards will normally lapse. | ||||
On a change of control awards may vest, pro rated for time to the date of change of control, subject to the discretion of the trustee. | ||||
Incentive shares is not an HMRC approved plan.
|
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
181 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Share and Long Term Incentive Plans (continued)
Table 24: Plans under which awards made in 2008 (continued) | ||||
Plan name | Executive Directors Eligible? |
Description | ||
Sharesave | Yes | Sharesave is a share option plan under which all eligible employees in the UK, Ireland and Spain (including executive Directors) are invited to participate. It is HMRC approved in the UK and approved by the Revenue Commissioners in Ireland. | ||
Participants are granted options over Barclays shares which may be at a discount to the market value at the date of award (currently 20%). | ||||
At the expiry of a fixed term (three, five or seven years) participants may use savings to acquire the shares by exercising their option within 6 months of the date of vesting. Participants may save up to £250 per month (500 in Ireland, 135 in Spain) for this purpose. | ||||
On cessation of employment eligible leavers (as defined) may exercise their option to acquire shares to the extent of their savings for a period of 6 months. | ||||
On a change of control, participants may be able to exercise their options to acquire shares to the extent of their savings for a period of 6 months (or a shorter period in certain circumstances). | ||||
The plan was approved for a ten year period by shareholders in April 2000.
| ||||
Sharepurchase |
Yes |
Sharepurchase is an HMRC approved share incentive plan under which all employees in the UK (including executive Directors) are invited to participate. | ||
Participants may purchase up to £1,500 shares each tax year. To encourage employee share ownership, Barclays matches the first £600 of shares purchased by participants on a one-for-one basis. Dividends are also earned in the form of additional shares. | ||||
Purchased shares may be withdrawn from the plan any time. Matching and dividend shares must be held in trust for three years before release, but may be kept in trust for five years. | ||||
On cessation of employment participants must withdraw all shares and depending on the reason for and timing of cessation, the matching shares may be forfeited. | ||||
On a change of control, participants are able to instruct the Sharepurchase trustee how to act or vote on their behalf. | ||||
The plan was approved for a ten year period by shareholders in April 2000.
|
Table 25: New Plans under which awards are to be made 2009 | ||||
Plan name | Executive Directors Eligible? |
Description | ||
BGI Equity Participation Plan | No | The BGI Equity Participation Plan is a share plan under which awards linked to the value of BGI shares may be made to selected BGI employees (excluding executive Directors) in the form of either stock appreciation rights settled in shares or restricted share awards. | ||
Awards normally vest in three equal tranches following the first, second and third anniversary of grant provided there has been no significant deterioration in the performance of Barclays, with delivery in Barclays shares. | ||||
On cessation of employment awards normally vest for eligible leavers (as defined) provided there has been no significant deterioration in the performance of Barclays; for other leavers, awards will normally lapse. | ||||
On a change of control awards may vest provided there has been no significant deterioration in the performance of Barclays.
| ||||
Long Term Cash Plan (LTCP) |
No |
LTCP is a new forward looking plan introduced initially for 2009, under which conditional awards of cash are made to eligible employees, (excluding executive Directors). | ||
Awards are released in portions over a period of time (two years for 2009 awards), subject to continued employment. At the time of the final release, for 2009 awards, a service credit (10% of the initial value of the award) is added. | ||||
Participants must normally be in employment at the time of release in order to receive each portion of the payment. | ||||
Participants who leave employment before the release date of any portion of the award will normally forfeit any outstanding amounts. For categories of eligible leavers an award will vest, pro rated for time in service. | ||||
On a change of control awards may vest at the discretion of the Committee.
|
182 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Share and Long Term Incentive Plans (continued)
Table 26: Plans under which awards not made in 2008
Plan name | Executive Directors Eligible? |
Description | ||
ISOP (Incentive Share Option Plan) |
Yes | The Incentive Share Option Plan is a share option plan under which share options were granted to selected employees (including executive Directors). No options have been granted since 2004. | ||
ISOP contains HMRC approved and unapproved parts. | ||||
Options were awarded at the market price at the date of grant calculated in accordance with the rules of the plan. | ||||
Options granted had an EP threshold and a TSR performance condition associated with them. Options were normally exercisable between three and ten years of the grant date. | ||||
All options granted which met these performance criteria have now vested and are exercisable. | ||||
On cessation of employment eligible leavers (as defined) normally are able to exercise their options; for other leavers, options normally lapse. | ||||
On a change of control options would remain exercisable for a specified period. | ||||
The plan was approved for a ten year period by shareholders in April 2000.
| ||||
ESOS (Executive Share Option Scheme) |
n/a | The Executive Share Option Scheme is a share option plan under which share options were granted to selected employees (including executive Directors). No options have been granted since 2000. | ||
Options were awarded at the market price at the date of grant calculated in accordance with the rules of the plan. | ||||
Options were normally exercisable between three and ten years of the grant date. All options are now vested. | ||||
On cessation of employment eligible leavers (as defined) normally are able to exercise their option pro-rated for performance; for other leavers, options normally lapse. | ||||
On a change of control options remain exercisable for a specified period. | ||||
The plan was adopted for a ten year period by shareholders in 1990.
| ||||
BGI EOP (BGI Equity Ownership Plan) |
No | BGI is Barclays asset management business headquartered in San Francisco. The BGI Equity Ownership Plan (BGI EOP) was approved by shareholders at Barclays 2000 AGM to provide the employee share incentive arrangements required to recruit and retain the quality of senior management and investment talent appropriate for building a global investment management business. | ||
The BGI EOP was designed to provide participants with a long-term equity interest in BGI to meet the expectations of, in particular, BGIs key investment talent in the United States, who could expect to participate in the equity of their employer. Under the terms of the BGI EOP, options were granted at fair value to key BGI employees over shares in Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited (BGI Holdings) within an overall cap of 20% of the issued ordinary share capital of BGI Holdings. | ||||
No options were granted under the BGI EOP in 2008 and no further options will be granted. The plan will not be renewed in 2010 when it comes to the end of its life. | ||||
All grants of options were approved by the Committee. The Committee is also advised of option exercises and share sales by employees. Employees who were executive Directors of Barclays PLC at the date of grant were not eligible to receive options under the BGI EOP. | ||||
In summary the BGI EOP operated as follows: | ||||
certain key BGI employees were granted options over shares in BGI Holdings; | ||||
the option exercise price was based on the fair value of a BGI Holdings share at the date of grant determined by an independent appraiser; | ||||
the options generally vest evenly over a three-year period and can be exercised during the exercise windows which generally occur twice annually; | ||||
option holders are required to fund the exercise without any financial support from any member of the Barclays Group. | ||||
Once employees become shareholders, they are subject to the Articles of BGI Holdings under which: | ||||
shareholders are required to hold the shares for a minimum of 355 days. As shareholders, employees derive the full risks and rewards of ownership, including voting rights and entitlement to any ordinary dividends paid by BGI Holdings; | ||||
on expiry of the minimum holding period, shareholders may, but are not obliged to, offer their shares for sale to Barclays Bank PLC during the sales windows which generally occur twice annually; | ||||
Barclays Bank PLC, at its discretion, has a right to purchase shares so offered, but is not obliged to do so. | ||||
The table below contains information on the number of shares in BGI Holdings over which options were granted, outstanding and exercised in 2007 and 2008: |
Year |
Number (000s) |
Number (000s) |
Number (000s) |
|||||||||||||||
2007 | 2,599 | 7,502 | 1,632 | |||||||||||||||
2008 | | 6,584 | 550 |
In 2008 BGI employees exercised options over 0.5m (2007: 1.6m) shares for consideration of £19m (2007: £57m); Barclays Bank PLC purchased 1.8m (2007: 4.9m) shares offered for sale by shareholders for consideration of £157m (2007: £488m). As at 31st December 2008, employees owned 4.5% of BGI Holdings (2007: 5.9%). |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
183 |
Corporate governance
Remuneration Report
Share and Long Term Incentive Plans (continued)
Table 26: Plans under which awards not made in 2008 (continued)
Plan name |
Executive Directors Eligible? | Description | ||
BGI EOP Accounting and disclosure | ||||
The BGI EOP is accounted for as an equity settled share-based payment in accordance with IFRS 2 Share-based Payment. The fair value of the services received from the employees is measured by reference to the fair value of the share options granted on the date of the grant. The cost of the employee services received in respect of the share options granted is recognised in the income statement over the period that the services are received. | ||||
The cost for 2008 of £30.9m (2007: £54.8m, 2006: £37.4m) is included in staff costs in Note 8 to the accounts. In accordance with IFRS 2, details of share options granted and exercised, together with weighted average fair values at grant date and weighted average exercise prices are set out in Note 45 to the accounts. In accordance with IAS 33 Earnings per Share, unexercised options are taken into account in the calculation of diluted earnings per share as set out in Note 11 to the accounts. | ||||
For Group reporting, the exercise of options by employees is treated as a deemed disposal of interests in a subsidiary, as its holding in the subsidiary has been reduced for the consideration represented by the exercise price. Any subsequent purchase of shares offered for sale by employees is treated as a purchase of an additional investment in a subsidiary entity. The cash flows relating to these capital transactions are included in the consolidated cash flow statement and disclosed, along with other disposals and acquisitions, in Note 38 to the accounts and related movements in goodwill and minority interests are included in Notes 21 and 33 to the accounts respectively. |
184 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | | | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport2008 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
185 |
Accountability and audit
186 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial statements | ||||||||||||||
Presentation of information | 188 | |||||||||||||
Independent Auditors Report to the Members of Barclays PLC | 189 | |||||||||||||
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm to the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Barclays PLC |
190 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC | 191 | |||||||||||||
Accounting policies | 191 | |||||||||||||
Accounting developments | 200 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated income statement | 202 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated balance sheet | 203 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense | 204 | |||||||||||||
Consolidated cash flow statement | 205 | |||||||||||||
Parent company accounts | 206 | |||||||||||||
Notes to the accounts | 208 | |||||||||||||
Barclays Bank PLC accounts | 297 | |||||||||||||
Developing Retail and Commercial banking activities in selected countries outside the UK
Acquisition of Expobank in Russia
The acquisition of Expobank in July advances Barclays strategy of increasing its exposure over time to emerging markets with good growth characteristics. With 36 branches and over 400,000 customers the acquisition provides the ideal platform for organic growth and for Barclays to become one of the leading retail and commercial banks in Russia.
Customers
400,000+
| ||||||||||||||
55° 45 21N Moscow 3pm MSK |
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
189 |
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms report
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|
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
191 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Accounting policies
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
193 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Accounting policies
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|
195 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Accounting policies
Note
a Where leasehold property has a remaining useful life of less than 15 years, costs of adaptation and installed equipment are depreciated over the remaining life of the lease. |
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197 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Accounting policies
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|
199 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
201 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
For the year ended 31st December
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||
Continuing operations |
|||||||||||
Interest income |
2 | 28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | |||||||
Interest expense |
2 | (16,541 | ) | (15,698 | ) | (12,662 | ) | ||||
Net interest income |
11,469 | 9,610 | 9,143 | ||||||||
Fee and commission income |
3 | 9,489 | 8,678 | 8,005 | |||||||
Fee and commission expense |
3 | (1,082 | ) | (970 | ) | (828 | ) | ||||
Net fee and commission income |
8,407 | 7,708 | 7,177 | ||||||||
Net trading income |
4 | 1,329 | 3,759 | 3,614 | |||||||
Net investment income |
4 | 680 | 1,216 | 962 | |||||||
Principal transactions |
2,009 | 4,975 | 4,576 | ||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
5 | 1,090 | 1,011 | 1,060 | |||||||
Other income |
6 | 377 | 188 | 214 | |||||||
Total income |
23,352 | 23,492 | 22,170 | ||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
5 | (237 | ) | (492 | ) | (575 | ) | ||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
23,115 | 23,000 | 21,595 | ||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
7 | (5,419 | ) | (2,795 | ) | (2,154 | ) | ||||
Net income |
17,696 | 20,205 | 19,441 | ||||||||
Staff costs |
8 | (7,779 | ) | (8,405 | ) | (8,169 | ) | ||||
Administration and general expenses |
9 | (5,666 | ) | (4,141 | ) | (3,914 | ) | ||||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment |
23 | (630 | ) | (467 | ) | (455 | ) | ||||
Amortisation of intangible assets |
22 | (291 | ) | (186 | ) | (136 | ) | ||||
Operating expenses |
(14,366 | ) | (13,199 | ) | (12,674 | ) | |||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
20 | 14 | 42 | 46 | |||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
38 | 327 | 28 | 323 | |||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
39 | 2,406 | | | |||||||
Profit before tax |
6,077 | 7,076 | 7,136 | ||||||||
Tax |
10 | (790 | ) | (1,981 | ) | (1,941 | ) | ||||
Profit after tax |
5,287 | 5,095 | 5,195 | ||||||||
Profit attributable to minority interests |
33 | 905 | 678 | 624 | |||||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of the parent |
4,382 | 4,417 | 4,571 | ||||||||
5,287 | 5,095 | 5,195 | |||||||||
p | p | p | |||||||||
Earnings per share |
|||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
11 | 59.3 | 68.9 | 71.9 | |||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
11 | 57.5 | 66.7 | 69.8 | |||||||
Interim dividend per ordinary share |
11.5 | 11.50 | 10.50 | ||||||||
Proposed final dividend per ordinary share |
1 | | 22.50 | 20.50 | |||||||
£m | £m | £m | |||||||||
Interim dividend paid |
906 | 768 | 666 | ||||||||
Proposed final dividend |
1 | | 1,485 | 1,307 |
The Board of Directors approved the accounts set out on pages 193 to 298 on 5th March 2009.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the Consolidated accounts.
202 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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As at 31st December
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 5,801 | ||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
1,695 | 1,836 | ||||||
Trading portfolio assets |
12 | 185,637 | 193,691 | |||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: |
||||||||
held on own account |
13 | 54,542 | 56,629 | |||||
held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
13 | 66,657 | 90,851 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
14 | 984,802 | 248,088 | |||||
Loans and advances to banks |
15 | 47,707 | 40,120 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers |
15 | 461,815 | 345,398 | |||||
Available for sale financial investments |
16 | 64,976 | 43,072 | |||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
17 | 130,354 | 183,075 | |||||
Other assets |
18 | 6,302 | 5,150 | |||||
Current tax assets |
389 | 518 | ||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
20 | 341 | 377 | |||||
Goodwill |
21 | 7,625 | 7,014 | |||||
Intangible assets |
22 | 2,777 | 1,282 | |||||
Property, plant and equipment |
23 | 4,674 | 2,996 | |||||
Deferred tax assets |
19 | 2,668 | 1,463 | |||||
Total assets |
2,052,980 | 1,227,361 | ||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Deposits from banks |
114,910 | 90,546 | ||||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks |
1,635 | 1,792 | ||||||
Customer accounts |
335,505 | 294,987 | ||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
12 | 59,474 | 65,402 | |||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value |
24 | 76,892 | 74,489 | |||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
13 | 69,183 | 92,639 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
14 | 968,072 | 248,288 | |||||
Debt securities in issue |
149,567 | 120,228 | ||||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
17 | 182,285 | 169,429 | |||||
Other liabilities |
25 | 12,640 | 10,499 | |||||
Current tax liabilities |
1,216 | 1,311 | ||||||
Insurance contract liabilities, including unit-linked liabilities |
26 | 2,152 | 3,903 | |||||
Subordinated liabilities |
27 | 29,842 | 18,150 | |||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
19 | 304 | 855 | |||||
Provisions |
28 | 535 | 830 | |||||
Retirement benefit liabilities |
30 | 1,357 | 1,537 | |||||
Total liabilities |
2,005,569 | 1,194,885 | ||||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||||
Called up share capital |
31 | 2,093 | 1,651 | |||||
Share premium account |
31 | 4,045 | 56 | |||||
Other equity |
31 | 3,652 | | |||||
Other reserves |
32 | 2,793 | 874 | |||||
Retained earnings |
32 | 24,208 | 20,970 | |||||
Less: treasury shares |
32 | (173 | ) | (260 | ) | |||
Shareholders equity excluding minority interests |
36,618 | 23,291 | ||||||
Minority interests |
33 | 10,793 | 9,185 | |||||
Total shareholders equity |
47,411 | 32,476 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
2,052,980 | 1,227,361 |
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the Consolidated accounts.
Marcus Agius
Group Chairman
John Varley
Group Chief Executive
Christopher Lucas
Group Finance Director
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
203 |
Consolidated accounts Barclays PLC
Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense
For the year ended 31st December
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Available for sale reserve: |
|||||||||
Net (losses)/gains from changes in fair value |
(1,741 | ) | 484 | 87 | |||||
Losses transferred to net profit due to impairment |
382 | 13 | 86 | ||||||
Net gains transferred to net profit on disposal |
(209 | ) | (563 | ) | (327 | ) | |||
Net (gains)/losses transferred to net profit due to fair value hedging |
(2 | ) | 68 | 14 | |||||
Cash flow hedging reserve: |
|||||||||
Net gains/(losses) from changes in fair value |
305 | 106 | (437 | ) | |||||
Net losses/(gains) transferred to net profit |
71 | 253 | (50 | ) | |||||
Currency translation differences |
2,407 | 54 | (781 | ) | |||||
Tax |
841 | 54 | 253 | ||||||
Other |
(5 | ) | 22 | 25 | |||||
Amounts included directly in equity |
2,049 | 491 | (1,130 | ) | |||||
Profit after tax |
5,287 | 5,095 | 5,195 | ||||||
Total recognised income and expense for the year |
7,336 | 5,586 | 4,065 | ||||||
Attributable to: |
|||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
6,213 | 4,854 | 3,682 | ||||||
Minority interests |
1,123 | 732 | 383 | ||||||
7,336 | 5,586 | 4, 065 |
204 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Consolidated cash flow statement
For the year ended 31st December
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||||||
Reconciliation of profit before tax to net cash flows from operating activities: |
|||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
6,077 | 7,076 | 7,136 | ||||||||||
Adjustment for non-cash items: |
|||||||||||||
Allowance for impairment |
5,419 | 2,795 | 2,154 | ||||||||||
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment of property, plant, equipment and intangibles |
951 | 669 | 612 | ||||||||||
Other provisions, including pensions |
804 | 753 | 558 | ||||||||||
Net profit from associates and joint ventures |
(14 | ) | (42 | ) | (46 | ) | |||||||
Net profit on disposal of investments and property, plant and equipment |
(371 | ) | (862 | ) | (778 | ) | |||||||
Net profit from disposal of associates and joint ventures |
| (26 | ) | (263 | ) | ||||||||
Net profit from disposal of subsidiaries |
(327 | ) | (2 | ) | (60 | ) | |||||||
Net gains on acquisitions |
(2,406 | ) | | | |||||||||
Other non-cash movements |
796 | (1,133 | ) | 1,702 | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|||||||||||||
Net increase in loans and advances to banks and customers |
(58,431 | ) | (77,987 | ) | (27,385 | ) | |||||||
Net increase in deposits and debt securities in issue |
77,743 | 90,589 | 46,944 | ||||||||||
Net (increase)/decrease in derivative financial instruments |
(17,529 | ) | (2,144 | ) | 1,196 | ||||||||
Net decrease/(increase) in trading portfolio assets |
26,919 | (18,227 | ) | (18,323 | ) | ||||||||
Net (decrease)/increase in trading liabilities |
(5,928 | ) | (6,472 | ) | 310 | ||||||||
Net decrease/(increase) in financial investments |
5,229 | (4,379 | ) | 1,538 | |||||||||
Net (increase)/decrease in other assets |
(3,008 | ) | 1,299 | (1,527 | ) | ||||||||
Net decrease in other liabilities |
(477 | ) | (1,071 | ) | (1,580 | ) | |||||||
Tax paid |
(1,731 | ) | (1,583 | ) | (2,141 | ) | |||||||
Net cash from operating activities |
33,716 | (10,747 | ) | 10,047 | |||||||||
Purchase of available for sale financial investments |
(57,756 | ) | (26,899 | ) | (47,086 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale or redemption of available for sale financial investments |
51,429 | 38,423 | 46,069 | ||||||||||
Purchase of intangible assets |
(687 | ) | (263 | ) | (212 | ) | |||||||
Purchase of property, plant and equipment |
(1,720 | ) | (1,241 | ) | (654 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment |
799 | 617 | 786 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |
(961 | ) | (270 | ) | (248 | ) | |||||||
Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed |
238 | 383 | (15 | ) | |||||||||
Increase in investment in subsidiaries |
(157 | ) | (668 | ) | (432 | ) | |||||||
Decrease in investment in subsidiaries |
19 | 57 | 44 | ||||||||||
Acquisition of associates and joint ventures |
(96 | ) | (220 | ) | (162 | ) | |||||||
Disposal of associates and joint ventures |
137 | 145 | 739 | ||||||||||
Other cash flows associated with investing activities |
| | 17 | ||||||||||
Net cash from investing activities |
(8,755 | ) | 10,064 | (1,154 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid |
(3,047 | ) | (2,559 | ) | (2,215 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds of borrowings and issuance of debt securities |
5,763 | 4,625 | 2,493 | ||||||||||
Repayments of borrowings and redemption of debt securities |
(1,207 | ) | (683 | ) | (366 | ) | |||||||
Net issue of shares and other equity instruments |
9,493 | 2,494 | 179 | ||||||||||
Repurchase of shares and other equity instruments |
(173 | ) | (1,802 | ) | | ||||||||
Net disposal/(purchase) of treasury shares |
87 | (48 | ) | (31 | ) | ||||||||
Net issue of shares to minority interests |
1,356 | 1,331 | 632 | ||||||||||
Net cash from financing activities |
12,272 | 3,358 | 692 | ||||||||||
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
(5,801 | ) | (550 | ) | 562 | ||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
31,432 | 2,125 | 10,147 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
33,077 | 30,952 | 20,805 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
64,509 | 33,077 | 30,952 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents comprise: |
|||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 5,801 | 7,345 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 40,120 | 30,926 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash amounts and amounts with original maturity greater than three months |
(15,428 | ) | (19,377 | ) | (15,892 | ) | |||||||
32,279 | 20,743 | 15,034 | |||||||||||
Available for sale treasury and other eligible bills |
64,976 | 43,072 | 51,703 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash and amounts with original maturity greater than three months |
(62,876 | ) | (41,688 | ) | (50,684 | ) | |||||||
2,100 | 1,384 | 1,019 | |||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets |
185,637 | 193,691 | 177,867 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash and amounts with original maturity greater than three months |
(185,526 | ) | (188,556 | ) | (170,329 | ) | |||||||
111 | 5,135 | 7,538 | |||||||||||
Other |
| 14 | 16 | ||||||||||
64,509 | 33,077 | 30,952 |
Interest received in 2008 was £41,017m (2007: £49,441m, 2006: £38,544m) and interest paid in 2008 was £38,975m (2007: £37,821m, 2006: £29,372m).
The Group is required to maintain balances with central banks and other regulatory authorities and these amounted to £1,050m at 31st December 2008 (2007: £1,037m).
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
205 |
Accounts of Barclays PLC
Income statement For the year ended 31st December
|
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||
Dividends received from subsidiary |
1,173 | 3,287 | 1,964 | ||||||
Interest income |
7 | 4 | 4 | ||||||
Trading gain/(loss) |
18 | (13 | ) | | |||||
Other income |
| 15 | | ||||||
Management charge from subsidiary |
(4 | ) | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | |||
Profit before tax |
1,194 | 3,289 | 1,964 | ||||||
Tax |
(1 | ) | | | |||||
Profit after tax |
1,193 | 3,289 | 1,964 |
The Company had no staff during the year (2007: nil, 2006: nil).
Balance sheet As at 31st December
|
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Assets |
||||||
Non-current assets |
||||||
Investment in subsidiaries |
40 | 15,340 | 10,391 | |||
Current assets |
||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
| 671 | ||||
Other assets |
3,851 | 20 | ||||
Total assets |
19,191 | 11,082 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||
Amounts payable within one year |
1 | 1 | ||||
Shareholders equity |
||||||
Called up share capital |
31 | 2,093 | 1,651 | |||
Share premium account |
31 | 4,045 | 56 | |||
Other equity |
31 | 3,652 | | |||
Capital redemption reserve |
32 | 394 | 384 | |||
Retained earnings |
32 | 9,006 | 8,990 | |||
Total shareholders equity |
19,190 | 11,081 | ||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
19,191 | 11,082 |
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the accounts.
Marcus Agius
Group Chairman
John Varley
Group Chief Executive
Christopher Lucas
Group Finance Director
206 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Statement of recognised income and expense For the year ended 31st December
|
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | |||
Profit after tax |
1,193 | 3,289 | 1,964 | |||
Total recognised income and expense for the year |
1,193 | 3,289 | 1,964 |
Cash flow statement For the year ended 31st December
|
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||
Reconciliation of profit before tax to net cash flows from operating activities: |
|||||||||
Profit before tax |
1,194 | 3,289 | 1,964 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|||||||||
Net increase in other assets |
(16 | ) | (3 | ) | (13 | ) | |||
Net decrease in other liabilities |
| (3 | ) | | |||||
Net cash from operating activities |
1,178 | 3,283 | 1,951 | ||||||
Capital contribution to subsidiaries |
(4,362 | ) | (1,434 | ) | | ||||
Purchase of shares in subsidiaries |
(16 | ) | (316 | ) | (179 | ) | |||
Liquidation of subsidiary |
205 | | | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(4,173 | ) | (1,750 | ) | (179 | ) | |||
Issue of shares and other equity instruments |
4,911 | 2,494 | 179 | ||||||
Dividends paid |
(2,414 | ) | (2,129 | ) | (1,814 | ) | |||
Repurchase of ordinary shares |
(173 | ) | (1,802 | ) | | ||||
Net cash from financing activities |
2,324 | (1,437 | ) | (1,635 | ) | ||||
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(671 | ) | 96 | 137 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
671 | 575 | 438 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
| 671 | 575 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents comprise: |
|||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
| 671 | 575 | ||||||
Net cash from operating activities includes: |
|||||||||
Dividends received |
1,173 | 3,287 | 1,964 | ||||||
Interest received |
7 | 4 | 4 |
The parent companys main activity is to hold the investment in its wholly-owned subsidiary, Barclays Bank PLC.
The Company was not exposed at 31st December 2008 or 2007 to significant risks arising from the financial instruments it holds; which comprised cash, balances with central banks, and other assets which had no credit or market risk.
Dividends received are treated as operating income.
Non-cash transactions
During the year Barclays Bank PLC issued £4,050m of Mandatorily Convertible Notes, which mandatorily convert into ordinary shares of Barclays PLC on or before 30th June 2009. Barclays PLC has the right to receive the Notes in the future; the fair value of which has been included in other assets, with a corresponding increase net of issue costs in other equity.
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the accounts.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
207 |
For the year ended 31st December 2008
1 Dividends per share
As announced on 13th October 2008, the Board of Barclays has concluded that it would not be appropriate to recommend the payment of a final dividend for 2008. The final dividend for 2007 of £1,485m is accounted for in shareholders equity as an appropriation of retained profits in the year ending 31st December 2008.
2 Net interest income
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| ||||
Cash and balances with central banks |
174 | 145 | 91 | ||||||
Available for sale investments |
2,355 | 2,580 | 2,811 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
1,267 | 1,416 | 903 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
23,754 | 19,559 | 16,290 | ||||||
Other |
460 | 1,608 | 1,710 | ||||||
Interest income |
28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | ||||||
Deposits from banks |
(2,189 | ) | (2,720 | ) | (2,819 | ) | |||
Customer accounts |
(6,697 | ) | (4,110 | ) | (3,076 | ) | |||
Debt securities in issue |
(5,910 | ) | (6,651 | ) | (5,282 | ) | |||
Subordinated liabilities |
(1,349 | ) | (878 | ) | (777 | ) | |||
Other |
(396 | ) | (1,339 | ) | (708 | ) | |||
Interest expense |
(16,541 | ) | (15,698 | ) | (12,662 | ) | |||
Net interest income |
11,469 | 9,610 | 9,143 |
Interest income includes £135m (2007: £113m, 2006: £98m) accrued on impaired loans.
Other interest income principally includes interest income relating to reverse repurchase agreements. Similarly, other interest expense principally includes interest expense relating to repurchase agreements and hedging activity.
Included in net interest income is hedge ineffectiveness as detailed in Note 14.
3 Net fee and commission income
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| ||||
Fee and commission income |
|||||||||
Brokerage fees |
87 | 109 | 70 | ||||||
Investment management fees |
1,616 | 1,787 | 1,535 | ||||||
Securities lending |
389 | 241 | 185 | ||||||
Banking and credit related fees and commissions |
7,208 | 6,363 | 6,031 | ||||||
Foreign exchange commissions |
189 | 178 | 184 | ||||||
Fee and commission income |
9,489 | 8,678 | 8,005 | ||||||
Fee and commission expense |
(1,082 | ) | (970 | ) | (828 | ) | |||
Net fee and commission income |
8,407 | 7,708 | 7,177 |
208 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
4 Principal transactions
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||||
Rates related business |
4,751 | 4,162 | 2,848 | |||||
Credit related business |
(3,422 | ) | (403 | ) | 766 | |||
Net trading income |
1,329 | 3,759 | 3,614 | |||||
Net gain from disposal of available for sale assets |
212 | 560 | 307 | |||||
Dividend income |
196 | 26 | 15 | |||||
Net gain from financial instruments designated at fair value |
33 | 293 | 447 | |||||
Other investment income |
239 | 337 | 193 | |||||
Net investment income |
680 | 1,216 | 962 | |||||
Principal transactions |
2,009 | 4,975 | 4,576 |
Net trading income includes the profits and losses arising both on the purchase and sale of trading instruments and from the revaluation to fair value, together with the interest income earned from these instruments and the related funding cost.
Of the total net trading income, a £2,096m net loss (2007: £116m loss, 2006: £1,427m gain) was made on the purchase and sale of securities and the revaluation of both securities and derivatives. This included a £1,272m gain (2007: £640m, 2006: £480m) that was earned in foreign exchange dealings.
The net loss on financial assets designated at fair value included within principal transactions was £6,602m (2007: £78m gain, 2006: £489m gain) of which losses of £6,635m (2007: £215m loss, 2006: £42m gain) were included in net trading income and gains of £33m (2007: £293m, 2006: £447m) were included in net investment income.
The net gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value included within principal transactions was £3,328m (2007: £231m loss, 2006: £920m loss) all of which was included within net trading income.
Net trading income includes the net gain from widening of credit spreads relating to Barclays Capital issued structured notes held at fair value was £1,663m (2007: £658m, 2006: £nil).
5 Insurance premiums and insurance claims and benefits
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Gross premiums from insurance contracts |
1,138 | 1,062 | 1,108 | ||||||
Premiums ceded to reinsurers |
(48 | ) | (51 | ) | (48 | ) | |||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
1,090 | 1,011 | 1,060 | ||||||
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| ||||
Gross claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
263 | 520 | 588 | ||||||
Reinsurers share of claims incurred |
(26 | ) | (28 | ) | (13 | ) | |||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
237 | 492 | 575 |
6 Other income
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
(Decrease)/increase in fair value of assets held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
(10,422 | ) | 5,592 | 7,417 | |||||
Decrease/(increase) in liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
10,422 | (5,592 | ) | (7,417 | ) | ||||
Property rentals |
73 | 53 | 55 | ||||||
Other income |
304 | 135 | 159 | ||||||
Other income |
377 | 188 | 214 |
Included in other income are sub-lease rentals of £18m (2007: £18m, 2006: £18m), and in 2008 only is a £47m gain from the Visa IPO.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
209 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
7 Impairment charges and other credit provisions
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances |
|||||||||
New and increased impairment allowances |
5,116 | 2,871 | 2,722 | ||||||
Releases |
(358 | ) | (338 | ) | (389 | ) | |||
Recoveries |
(174) | (227) | (259) | ||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances |
4,584 | 2,306 | 2,074 | ||||||
Charge/(release) in respect of provision for undrawn contractually committed facilities and guarantees provided |
329 | 476 | (6) | ||||||
Impairment charges on loans and advances and other credit provisions |
4,913 | 2,782 | 2,068 | ||||||
Impairment charges on re verse repurchase agreements |
124 | | | ||||||
Impairment on available for sale assets |
382 | 13 | 86 | ||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions |
5,419 | 2,795 | 2,154 |
An analysis of the impairment charges by class of financial instrument is included in Note 47.
8 Staff costs
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Salaries and accrued incentive payments |
6,273 | 6,993 | 6,635 | |||
Social security costs |
464 | 508 | 502 | |||
Pension costs defined contribution plans |
237 | 141 | 128 | |||
Pension costs defined benefit plans (Note 30) |
89 | 150 | 282 | |||
Other post-retirement benefits (Note 30) |
1 | 10 | 30 | |||
Other |
715 | 603 | 592 | |||
Staff costs |
7,779 | 8,405 | 8,169 |
Included in salaries and incentive payments is £257m (2007: £551m, 2006: £640m) arising from equity settled share-based payments, of which £23m (2007: £60m, 2006: £78m) is a charge related to options-based schemes. Also included is £3m (2007: £8m, 2006: £6m) arising from cash settled share-based payments.
The average number of persons employed by the Group worldwide during the year was 151,500 (2007: 128,900, 2006: 118,600).
9 Administration and general expenses
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | |||||
Administrative expenses |
5,153 | 3,978 | 3,980 | ||||
Impairment charges/(releases) |
|||||||
property and equipment (Note 23) |
33 | 2 | 14 | ||||
intangible assets (Note 22) |
(3 | ) | 14 | 7 | |||
goodwill (Note 21) |
111 | | | ||||
Operating lease rentals |
520 | 414 | 345 | ||||
Gain on property disposals |
(148) | (267) | (432) | ||||
Administration and general expenses |
5,666 | 4,141 | 3,914 |
Auditors remuneration
2008 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
12 | | | | 12 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Companys associates pursuant to legislation |
20 | | | | 20 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
| 2 | 2 | |||||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 10 | | 10 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Company or any of its associates |
| | | 3 | 3 | |||||
Other |
| 4 | | 1 | 5 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
32 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 52 |
210 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
9 Administration and general expenses (continued)
2007 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
7 | | | | 7 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Companys associates pursuant to legislation |
12 | | | | 12 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
6 | 2 | | | 8 | |||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 8 | | 8 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Company or any of its associates |
| | | 5 | 5 | |||||
Other |
| 2 | | 2 | 4 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
25 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 44 | |||||
2006 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
7 | | | | 7 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Companys associates pursuant to legislation |
11 | | | | 11 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
10 | 1 | | | 11 | |||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 6 | | 6 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Company or any of its associates |
| | | 4 | 4 | |||||
Other |
| 4 | | 1 | 5 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
28 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 44 |
The figures shown in the above table relate to fees paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and its associates. Fees paid to other auditors not associated with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in respect of the audit of the Companys subsidiaries were £3m (2007: £2m, 2006: £2m).
Fees payable for the audit of the Companys associates pursuant to legislation comprise the fees for the statutory audit of the subsidiaries and associated pension schemes both inside and outside Great Britain and fees for the work performed by the associates of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in respect of the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The fees relating to the audit of the associated pension schemes were £0.2m (2007: £0.3m, 2006: £0.3m).
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation comprise services in relation to statutory and regulatory filings. These include audit services for the review of the interim financial information under the Listing Rules of the UK listing authority and fees paid for reporting under Section 404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Section 404). In 2008 fees paid for reporting under section 404 are not separately identifiable from the fees of the audit of the Groups annual accounts and the Companys associates. In addition, other services include Section 404 advisory, reporting accountant work for capital raising, securitisations and services relating to acquisition activities.
Taxation services include compliance services such as tax return preparation and advisory services such as consultation on tax matters, tax advice relating to transactions and other tax planning and advice.
Services relating to corporate finance transactions comprise due diligence related to transactions and other work in connection with such transactions.
10 Tax
The charge for tax is based upon the UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%) and comprises:
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| ||||
Current tax charge/(credit) |
|||||||||
Current year |
1,563 | 2,385 | 1,929 | ||||||
Adjustment for prior years |
97 | (11 | ) | 8 | |||||
1,660 | 2,374 | 1,937 | |||||||
Deferred tax (credit)/charge |
|||||||||
Current year |
(597 | ) | (367 | ) | (16 | ) | |||
Adjustment for prior years |
(273 | ) | (26 | ) | 20 | ||||
(870 | ) | (393 | ) | 4 | |||||
Total charge/(credit) |
790 | 1,981 | 1,941 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
211 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
10 Tax (continued)
The effective tax rate for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%). The differences are set out below:
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Profit before tax |
6,077 | 7,076 | 7,136 | ||||||
Tax charge at standard UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%) |
1,732 | 2,123 | 2,141 | ||||||
Adjustment for prior years |
(176 | ) | (37 | ) | 24 | ||||
Differing overseas tax rates |
215 | (77 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
Non-taxable gains and income (including amounts offset by unrecognised tax losses) |
(833 | ) | (136 | ) | (393 | ) | |||
Share-based payments |
229 | 72 | 27 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets not previously recognised |
(514 | ) | (158 | ) | (4 | ) | |||
Change in tax rates |
(1 | ) | 24 | 4 | |||||
Other non-allowable expenses |
138 | 170 | 159 | ||||||
Overall tax charge |
790 | 1,981 | 1,941 | ||||||
Effective tax rate |
13% | 28% | 27% |
The effective rate of tax for 2008, based on profit before tax, was 13% (2007: 28%). The effective tax rate differs from the 2007 effective rate and the UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% principally due to the Lehman Brothers North American businesses acquisition. Under IFRS the gain on acquisition of £2,262m is calculated net of deferred tax liabilities included in the acquisition balance sheet and is thus not subject to further tax in calculating the tax charge for the year. Furthermore, Barclays has tax losses previously unrecognised as a deferred tax asset but capable of sheltering part of this deferred tax liability. This gives rise to a tax benefit of £492m which, in accordance with IAS 12, is included as a credit within the tax charge for the year. The effective rate has been adversely impacted by the effect of the fall in the Barclays share price on the deferred tax asset recognised on share awards. In common with prior years there have been offsetting adjustments relating to different overseas tax rates, disallowable expenditure and non taxable gains and income.
11 Earnings per share
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of parent |
4,382 | 4,417 | 4,571 | ||||||
Dilutive impact of convertible options |
(24 | ) | (25 | ) | (30 | ) | |||
Profit attributable to equity holders of parent including dilutive impact of convertible options |
4,358 | 4,392 | 4,541 | ||||||
2008 million |
2007 million |
2006 million |
|||||||
Basic weighted average number of shares in issue |
7,389 | 6,410 | 6,357 | ||||||
Number of potential ordinary shares |
188 | 177 | 150 | ||||||
Diluted weighted average number of shares |
7,577 | 6,587 | 6,507 | ||||||
p | p | p | |||||||
Basic earnings per share |
59.3 | 68.9 | 71.9 | ||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
57.5 | 66.7 | 69.8 |
The calculation of basic earnings per share is based on the profit attributable to equity holders of the parent and the number of basic weighted average number of shares excluding own shares held in employee benefits trusts and shares held for trading.
The basic and diluted weighted average number of shares in issue in the year ended 31st December 2008 reflects 1,802 million shares issued during the year and the 2,642 million shares that will be issued following conversion in full of the Mandatorily Convertible Notes, included from the date of issue and the date the contract was entered into respectively. As a result, the weighted average number of shares in issue in the year ended 31st December 2008 was increased by 1,034 million shares as a result of this increase.
When calculating the diluted earnings per share, the profit attributable to equity holders of the parent is adjusted for the conversion of outstanding options into shares within Absa Group Limited and Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited. The weighted average number of ordinary shares excluding own shares held in employee benefit trusts and shares held for trading, is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares, totalling 188 million (2007: 177 million, 2006: 150 million).
Of the total number of employee share options and share awards at 31st December 2008, 64 million were anti-dilutive (2007: nil, 2006: 5 million).
Subsequent to the balance sheet date, the Group continued to make on-market purchases of treasury shares under its various employee share schemes. No adjustment has been made to earnings per share in respect of these purchases.
212 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
12 Trading portfolio
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Trading portfolio assets |
||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,544 | 2,094 | ||||
Debt securities |
148,686 | 152,778 | ||||
Equity securities |
30,535 | 36,307 | ||||
Traded loans |
1,070 | 1,780 | ||||
Commodities |
802 | 732 | ||||
Trading portfolio assets |
185,637 | 193,691 | ||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
(79 | ) | (486 | ) | ||
Debt securities |
(44,309 | ) | (50,506 | ) | ||
Equity securities |
(14,919 | ) | (13,702 | ) | ||
Commodities |
(167 | ) | (708 | ) | ||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
(59,474 | ) | (65,402 | ) |
13 Financial assets designated at fair value
Held on own account
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Loans and advances |
30,187 | 23,491 | ||
Debt securities |
8,628 | 24,217 | ||
Equity securities |
6,496 | 5,376 | ||
Other financial assets |
9,231 | 3,545 | ||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account |
54,542 | 56,629 |
The maximum exposure to credit risk on loans and advances designated at fair value at 31st December 2008 was £30,187m (2007: £23,491m). The amount by which related credit derivatives and similar instruments mitigate the exposure to credit risk at 31st December was £2,084m (2007: £2,605m).
The net loss attributable to changes in credit risk for loans and advances designated at fair value was £2,550m in 2008 (2007: £401m). The gains on related credit derivatives was £519m for the year (2007: £4m loss).
The cumulative net loss attributable to changes in credit risk for loans and advances designated at fair value since initial recognition is £2,149m at 31st December 2008 (2007: £401m). The cumulative change in fair value of related credit derivatives at 31st December 2008 is £523m (2007: £4m).
Held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts/liabilities arising from investment contracts
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
66,657 | 90,851 | ||||
Cash and bank balances within the portfolio |
2,526 | 1,788 | ||||
Assets held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
69,183 | 92,639 | ||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
(69,183 | ) | (92,639 | ) |
A portion of the Groups fund management business takes the legal form of investment contracts, under which legal title to the underlying investment is held by the Group, but the inherent risks and rewards in the investments are borne by the investors. In the normal course of business, the Groups financial interest in such investments is restricted to fees for investment management services.
Due to the nature of these contracts, the carrying value of the assets is always the same as the value of the liabilities and any change in the value of the assets results in an equal but opposite change in the value of the amounts due to the policyholders.
The Group is therefore not exposed to the financial risks market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk inherent in the investments and they are omitted from the disclosures on financial risks in Notes 47 to 49.
In the balance sheet, the assets are included as Financial assets designated at fair value held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts. Cash balances within the portfolio have been included in the Groups cash balances. The associated obligation to deliver the value of the investments to customers at their fair value on balance sheet date is included as Liabilities to customers under investment contracts.
The increase/decrease in the value arising from the return on the investments and the corresponding increase/decrease in linked liabilities to customers is included in the Other income note in Note 6.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
213 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
14 Derivative financial instruments
The Groups objectives and policies on managing the risks that arise in connection with derivatives, including the policies for hedging, are included in Note 46 to Note 49.
The fair values and notional amounts of derivative instruments held for trading are set out in the following table:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Notional £m |
Fair value | Notional £m |
Fair value | |||||||||||
Year ended 31st December Derivatives held for trading |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
||||||||||
Foreign exchange derivatives |
||||||||||||||
Forward foreign exchange |
1,374,108 | 44,631 | (46,371 | ) | 1,041,781 | 11,381 | (11,629 | ) | ||||||
Currency swaps |
828,983 | 47,077 | (53,116 | ) | 562,682 | 15,617 | (14,676 | ) | ||||||
OTC options bought and sold |
426,739 | 15,405 | (14,331 | ) | 464,575 | 3,350 | (3,995 | ) | ||||||
OTC derivatives |
2,629,830 | 107,113 | (113,818 | ) | 2,069,038 | 30,348 | (30,300 | ) | ||||||
Exchange traded futures bought and sold |
8,008 | | | 139,199 | | | ||||||||
Exchange traded options bought and sold |
1,295 | | | 132 | | | ||||||||
Foreign exchange derivatives |
2,639,133 | 107,113 | (113,818 | ) | 2,208,369 | 30,348 | (30,300 | ) | ||||||
Interest rate derivatives |
||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
17,624,591 | 498,661 | (496,292 | ) | 11,758,215 | 111,746 | (110,680 | ) | ||||||
Forward rate agreements |
4,377,619 | 8,853 | (8,224 | ) | 1,960,106 | 755 | (738 | ) | ||||||
OTC options bought and sold |
5,598,960 | 105,743 | (101,005 | ) | 3,776,600 | 27,337 | (26,944 | ) | ||||||
OTC derivatives |
27,601,170 | 613,257 | (605,521 | ) | 17,494,921 | 139,838 | (138,362 | ) | ||||||
Exchange traded futures bought and sold |
586,312 | | | 903,516 | | | ||||||||
Exchange traded options bought and sold |
276,752 | | | 269,095 | 102 | (64 | ) | |||||||
Exchange traded swaps |
9,411,001 | | | 4,941,417 | | | ||||||||
Interest rate derivatives |
37,875,235 | 613,257 | (605,521 | ) | 23,608,949 | 139,940 | (138,426 | ) | ||||||
Credit derivatives |
||||||||||||||
Swaps |
4,129,244 | 184,072 | (170,011 | ) | 2,472,249 | 38,696 | (35,814 | ) | ||||||
Equity and stock index derivatives |
||||||||||||||
OTC options bought and sold |
180,157 | 19,576 | (19,998 | ) | 145,399 | 11,293 | (15,743 | ) | ||||||
Equity swaps and forwards |
51,267 | 3,432 | (2,819 | ) | 36,149 | 1,057 | (1,193 | ) | ||||||
OTC derivatives |
231,424 | 23,008 | (22,817 | ) | 181,548 | 12,350 | (16,936 | ) | ||||||
Exchange traded futures bought and sold |
38,340 | | | 31,519 | | | ||||||||
Exchange traded options bought and sold |
121,712 | 5,551 | (3,109 | ) | 30,930 | 848 | (2,200 | ) | ||||||
Equity and stock index derivatives |
391,476 | 28,559 | (25,926 | ) | 243,997 | 13,198 | (19,136 | ) | ||||||
Commodity derivatives |
||||||||||||||
OTC options bought and sold |
78,680 | 6,565 | (10,261 | ) | 95,032 | 4,496 | (4,720 | ) | ||||||
Commodity swaps and forwards |
407,015 | 38,316 | (35,556 | ) | 276,102 | 19,075 | (18,039 | ) | ||||||
OTC derivatives |
485,695 | 44,881 | (45,817 | ) | 371,134 | 23,571 | (22,759 | ) | ||||||
Exchange traded futures bought and sold |
165,564 | 3,953 | (2,745 | ) | 228,465 | | | |||||||
Exchange traded options bought and sold |
54,435 | 161 | (233 | ) | 66,732 | 1,197 | (943 | ) | ||||||
Commodity derivatives |
705,694 | 48,995 | (48,795 | ) | 666,331 | 24,768 | (23,702 | ) | ||||||
Derivative assets/(liabilities) held for trading |
45,740,782 | 981,996 | (964,071 | ) | 29,199,895 | 246,950 | (247,378 | ) |
214 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
14 Derivative financial instruments (continued)
The fair values and notional amounts of derivative instruments held for risk management are set out in the following table:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Notional | Fair value | Notional | Fair value | |||||||||||
Year ended 31st December Derivatives held for risk management |
contract amount £m |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
contract amount £m |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
||||||||
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges |
||||||||||||||
Currency swaps |
586 | | (271 | ) | | | | |||||||
Interest rate swaps |
60,669 | 1,013 | (1,011 | ) | 38,453 | 239 | (437 | ) | ||||||
Equity options |
400 | | (154 | ) | 54 | 41 | | |||||||
Forward foreign exchange |
1,871 | 309 | (354 | ) | 2,256 | 178 | | |||||||
Exchange traded interest rate swaps |
20,028 | | | 14,529 | | | ||||||||
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges |
83,554 | 1,322 | (1,790 | ) | 55,292 | 458 | (437 | ) | ||||||
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges |
||||||||||||||
Currency swaps |
2,666 | 283 | (105 | ) | 4,299 | 81 | (75 | ) | ||||||
Interest rate swaps |
14,010 | 1,052 | (357 | ) | 18,450 | 323 | (195 | ) | ||||||
Equity options |
259 | 124 | (110 | ) | 1,203 | 58 | (58 | ) | ||||||
Exchange traded interest rate swaps |
18,767 | | | | | | ||||||||
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges |
35,702 | 1,459 | (572 | ) | 23,952 | 462 | (328 | ) | ||||||
Derivatives designated as hedges of net investments |
||||||||||||||
Forward foreign exchange |
2,019 | 4 | (76 | ) | 4,223 | 31 | (57 | ) | ||||||
Currency swaps |
3,675 | 21 | (1,563 | ) | 8,397 | 187 | (88 | ) | ||||||
Derivatives designated as hedges of net investment |
5,694 | 25 | (1,639 | ) | 12,620 | 218 | (145 | ) | ||||||
Derivative assets/(liabilities) held for risk management |
124,950 | 2,806 | (4,001 | ) | 91,864 | 1,138 | (910 | ) |
Interest rate derivatives, designated as cash flow hedges, primarily hedge the exposure to cash flow variability from interest rates of variable rate loans to banks and customers, variable rate debt securities held and highly probable forecast financing transactions and reinvestments.
Interest rate derivatives designated as fair value hedges primarily hedge the interest rate risk of fixed rate borrowings in issue, fixed rate loans to banks and customers and investments in fixed rate debt securities held.
Currency derivatives are primarily designated as hedges of the foreign currency risk of net investments in foreign operations.
The Groups total derivative asset and liability position as reported on the balance sheet is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Year ended 31st December | Notional | Fair value | Notional | Fair value | ||||||||||
contract £m |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
contract £m |
Assets £m |
Liabilities £m |
|||||||||
Total derivative assets/(liabilities) held for trading |
45,740,782 | 981,996 | (964,071 | ) | 29,199,895 | 246,950 | (247,378 | ) | ||||||
Total derivative assets/(liabilities) held for risk management |
124,950 | 2,806 | (4,001 | ) | 91,864 | 1,138 | (910 | ) | ||||||
Derivative assets/(liabilities) |
45,865,732 | 984,802 | (968,072 | ) | 29,291,759 | 248,088 | (248,288 | ) |
Derivative assets and liabilities subject to counterparty netting agreements amounted to £862bn (2007: £199bn). Additionally, the Group held £55bn (2007: £17bn) of collateral against the net derivative assets exposure.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
215 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
14 Derivative financial instruments (continued)
The Group has hedged the following forecast cash flows, which primarily vary with interest rates. These cash flows are expected to impact the income statement in the following periods, excluding any hedge adjustments that may be applied:
2008 | ||||||||||||||
Total £m |
Up to one year £m |
Between one to two years £m |
Between two to three years £m |
Between three to four years £m |
Between four to five years £m |
More than five years £m | ||||||||
Forecast receivable cash flows |
2,569 | 875 | 586 | 596 | 347 | 127 | 38 | |||||||
Forecast payable cash flows |
974 | 275 | 166 | 175 | 145 | 123 | 90 | |||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||
Total £m |
Up to one year £m |
Between one to two years £m |
Between two to three years £m |
Between three to four years £m |
Between four to five years £m |
More than five years £m | ||||||||
Forecast receivable cash flows |
4,329 | 1,593 | 987 | 903 | 535 | 254 | 57 | |||||||
Forecast payable cash flows |
2,121 | 394 | 369 | 335 | 283 | 244 | 496 |
The maximum length of time over which the Group hedges exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecast transactions, excluding those forecast transactions related to the payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments, is seven years (2007: ten years).
All gains or losses on hedging derivatives relating to forecast transactions, which are no longer expected to occur, have been recycled to the income statement.
A gain of £2,439m on hedging instruments was recognised in relation to fair value hedges in net interest income (2007: £66m loss). A loss of £2,423m on the hedged items was recognised in relation to fair value hedges in net interest income (2007: £70m gain).
Ineffectiveness recognised in relation to cash flow hedges in net interest income was a gain of £14m (2007: £21m). Ineffectiveness recognised in relation to hedges of net investment was a gain of £2m (2007: £4m).
15 Loans and advances to banks and customers
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Gross loans and advances to banks |
47,758 | 40,123 | ||
Less: Allowance for impairment |
(51) | (3) | ||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 40,120 | ||
Gross loans and advances to customers |
468,338 | 349,167 | ||
Less: Allowance for impairment |
(6,523) | (3,769) | ||
Loans and advances to customers |
461,815 | 345,398 |
216 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
16 Available for sale financial investments
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Debt securities |
58,831 | 38,673 | ||||
Treasury bills and other eligible bills |
4,003 | 2,723 | ||||
Equity securities |
2,142 | 1,676 | ||||
Available for sale financial investments |
64,976 | 43,072 | ||||
Movement in available for sale financial investments |
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
| ||
At beginning of year |
43,072 | 51,703 | ||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
14,275 | 1,499 | ||||
Acquisitions and transfers |
59,703 | 26,920 | ||||
Disposals (through sale and redemption) |
(50,501 | ) | (37,498 | ) | ||
(Losses)/gains from changes in fair value recognised in equity |
(1,174 | ) | 486 | |||
Impairment |
(382 | ) | (13 | ) | ||
Amortisation of discounts/premium |
(17 | ) | (25 | ) | ||
At end of year |
64,976 | 43,072 |
17 Securities borrowing, securities lending, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements
Amounts included in the balance sheet and reported on a net basis where the Group has the intention and the legal ability to settle net or realise simultaneously were as follows:
(a) | Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
Amounts advanced to counterparties under reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral provided under stock borrowing agreements are treated as collateralised loans receivable. The related securities purchased or borrowed subject to an agreement with the counterparty to repurchase them are not recognised on balance sheet where the risks and rewards of ownership remain with the counterparty.
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Banks |
55,471 | 86,710 | ||
Customers |
74,883 | 96,365 | ||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral held on securities borrowed |
130,354 | 183,075 |
(b) | Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
Securities that are not recorded on the balance sheet (for example, securities that have been obtained as a result of reverse repurchase and stock borrow transactions) may also be lent or sold subject to a commitment to repurchase such securities remain off-balance sheet. In both instances, amounts received from counterparty are treated as liabilities, which at 31st December were as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Banks |
87,403 | 97,297 | ||
Customers |
94,882 | 72,132 | ||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
182,285 | 169,429 |
18 Other assets
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Sundry debtors |
4,814 | 4,042 | ||
Prepayments |
882 | 551 | ||
Accrued income |
483 | 400 | ||
Reinsurance assets |
123 | 157 | ||
Other assets |
6,302 | 5,150 |
Included in the above are balances of £4,704m (2007: £3,859m) expected to be recovered within no more than 12 months after the balance sheet date; and balances of £1,598m (2007: £1,291m) expected to be recovered more than 12 months after the balance sheet date.
Other assets include £3,096m (2007: £3,966m) of receivables which meet the definition of financial assets.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
217 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
19 Deferred tax
The components of deferred taxes disclosed on the balance sheet are as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Deferred tax liability |
304 | 855 | ||
Deferred tax asset |
2,668 | 1,463 | ||
Net deferred tax |
2,364 | 608 |
Deferred taxes are calculated on all temporary differences under the liability method. The movement on the deferred tax account is as follows:
Fixed asset timing differences £m |
Available for sale investments £m |
Cash flow hedges £m |
Pensions and other retirement benefits £m |
Allowance for impairment on loans £m |
Other provisions £m |
Tax losses carried forward £m |
Share based payments £m |
Other £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
(803 | ) | (101 | ) | (51 | ) | | | | | | (771 | ) | (1,726 | ) | |||||||||||||
Assets |
| | 44 | 491 | 108 | 377 | 215 | 428 | 671 | 2,334 | ||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
(803 | ) | (101 | ) | (7 | ) | 491 | 108 | 377 | 215 | 428 | (100 | ) | 608 | ||||||||||||||
Income statement |
124 | 8 | 5 | (90 | ) | 223 | (10 | ) | 598 | (215 | ) | 227 | 870 | |||||||||||||||
Equity |
| 103 | (161 | ) | | | | 750 | (33 | ) | (13 | ) | 646 | |||||||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals |
(195 | ) | | | | | 56 | | 75 | (211 | ) | (275 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
16 | 1 | 41 | 2 | 25 | 109 | 96 | 87 | 138 | 515 | ||||||||||||||||||
(858 | ) | 11 | (122 | ) | 403 | 356 | 532 | 1,659 | 342 | 41 | 2,364 | |||||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
(945 | ) | (46 | ) | (368 | ) | | | | | | (1,075 | ) | (2,434 | ) | |||||||||||||
Assets |
87 | 57 | 246 | 403 | 356 | 532 | 1,659 | 342 | 1,116 | 4,798 | ||||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
(858 | ) | 11 | (122 | ) | 403 | 356 | 532 | 1,659 | 342 | 41 | 2,364 | ||||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
(705 | ) | (116 | ) | | | | | | | (702 | ) | (1,523 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Assets |
| | 91 | 622 | 69 | 436 | 1 | 380 | 406 | 2,005 | ||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
(705 | ) | (116 | ) | 91 | 622 | 69 | 436 | 1 | 380 | (296 | ) | 482 | |||||||||||||||
Income statement |
(118 | ) | 1 | (96 | ) | 28 | 165 | 214 | 100 | 99 | 393 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity |
| 13 | (132 | ) | | | | | (63 | ) | (125 | ) | (307 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals |
| | | | | 45 | | | (12 | ) | 33 | |||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
20 | 1 | 34 | (35 | ) | 11 | (269 | ) | | 11 | 234 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
(803 | ) | (101 | ) | (7 | ) | 491 | 108 | 377 | 215 | 428 | (100 | ) | 608 | |||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
(803 | ) | (101 | ) | (51 | ) | | | | | | (771 | ) | (1,726 | ) | |||||||||||||
Assets |
| | 44 | 491 | 108 | 377 | 215 | 428 | 671 | 2,334 | ||||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
(803 | ) | (101 | ) | (7 | ) | 491 | 108 | 377 | 215 | 428 | (100 | ) | 608 |
The amount of deferred tax liability expected to be settled after more than 12 months is £1,949m (2007: £1,468m).
The amount of deferred tax asset expected to be recovered after more than 12 months is £4,593m (2007: £1,950m).
The deferred tax assets balance includes £2,139m (2007: £450m) which is the excess deferred tax assets over deferred tax liabilities in entities which have suffered a loss in either the current or prior year. This is based on management assessment that it is probable that the relevant entities will have taxable profits against which the temporary differences can be utilised.
Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of deductible temporary differences (gross) £9m (2007: £247m), unused tax losses (gross) of £4,083m (2007: £1,683m) and unused tax credits of £46m (2007: £126m). The following tax losses expire: £3,854m in 2028. The other tax losses, tax credits and temporary differences do not expire under current tax legislation. Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of these items because it is not probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the Group can utilise benefits. The unused tax losses include amounts relating to non-UK branches of Barclays Bank PLC where the future tax benefit might be restricted to the amount in excess of the UK rate.
The amount of temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, branches, associates and joint ventures for which deferred tax liabilities have not been recognised is £8,429m (2007: £5,722m).
218 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
20 Investments in associates and joint ventures
Share of net assets
Associates | Joint ventures | Total | ||||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
| |||||||
At beginning of year |
90 | 74 | 287 | 154 | 377 | 228 | ||||||||||||
Share of results before tax |
25 | 35 | (6 | ) | 10 | 19 | 45 | |||||||||||
Share of tax |
(3 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (5 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||
Share of post-tax results |
22 | 33 | (8 | ) | 9 | 14 | 42 | |||||||||||
New investments |
6 | 7 | 27 | 8 | 33 | 15 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions |
62 | 56 | 1 | 150 | 63 | 206 | ||||||||||||
Disposals |
(20 | ) | (47 | ) | (117 | ) | (72 | ) | (137 | ) | (119 | ) | ||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
15 | (33 | ) | (24 | ) | 38 | (9 | ) | 5 | |||||||||
At end of year |
175 | 90 | 166 | 287 | 341 | 377 | ||||||||||||
Goodwill included above: |
||||||||||||||||||
Associates | Joint ventures | Total | ||||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
| |||||||
Cost |
||||||||||||||||||
At beginning of year |
| 1 | 27 | 40 | 27 | 41 | ||||||||||||
Disposals |
| (1 | ) | | (16 | ) | | (17 | ) | |||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
| | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||
At end of year |
| | 31 | 27 | 31 | 27 |
The Group has investments in two associates listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. The fair value of the Groups investment in Ambit Properties Limited is £51m (2007: £42m) and in Pinnacle Point Group Limited, acquired during 2008, is £60m.
Acquisitions of joint ventures and associates
During the year the Group made additional investments in associates and joint ventures for aggregate cash consideration of £96m (2007: £221m), including new associates and joint ventures amounting to £63m (2007: £206m) primarily relating to Pinnacle Point Group Limited.
Summarised financial information for the Groups associates and joint ventures is set out below:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Associates £m |
|
Joint ventures |
|
Associates £m |
|
Joint ventures £m |
| |||||
Property, plant and equipment |
788 | 104 | 588 | 632 | ||||||||
Financial investments |
124 | | 239 | 8 | ||||||||
Loans to banks and customers |
271 | 2,883 | 516 | 2,372 | ||||||||
Other assets |
1,343 | 418 | 1,387 | 314 | ||||||||
Total assets |
2,526 | 3,405 | 2,730 | 3,326 | ||||||||
Deposits from banks and customers |
1,376 | 2,207 | 1,515 | 2,189 | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
985 | 890 | 902 | 458 | ||||||||
Shareholders equity |
165 | 308 | 313 | 679 | ||||||||
Total liabilities |
2,526 | 3,405 | 2,730 | 3,326 | ||||||||
Net income |
859 | 357 | 528 | 340 | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
(732 | ) | (364 | ) | (404 | ) | (292 | ) | ||||
Profit/(loss) before tax |
127 | (7 | ) | 124 | 48 | |||||||
Profit/(loss) after tax |
52 | (11 | ) | 104 | 40 |
The amounts included above, which include the entire assets, liabilities and net income of the investees, not just the Groups share, are based on accounts made up to 31st December 2008 with the exception of certain undertakings for which the amounts are based on accounts made up to dates not earlier than three months before the balance sheet date.
Associates and joint ventures in 2008 includes £1,651m (2007: £1,728m) of assets, £1,525m (2007: £1,537m) of liabilities and £9m (2007: £18m) of profit after tax in associates and joint ventures within the Absa Group.
The Groups share of commitments and contingencies of its associates and joint ventures is £nil (2007: £6m).
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
219 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
21 Goodwill
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Net book value |
||||||
At beginning of year |
7,014 | 6,092 | ||||
Acquisitions |
400 | 879 | ||||
Disposals |
(10 | ) | (17 | ) | ||
Impairment charge |
(111 | ) | | |||
Exchange and other adjustments |
332 | 60 | ||||
At end of year |
7,625 | 7,014 |
Goodwill is allocated to business operations according to business segments identified by the Group under IFRS 8, as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
UK Retail Banking |
3,139 | 3,138 | ||
Barclays Commercial Bank |
10 | 9 | ||
Barclaycard |
413 | 408 | ||
GRCB Western Europe |
705 | 551 | ||
GRCB Emerging Markets |
292 | 45 | ||
GRCB Absa |
1,084 | 1,062 | ||
Barclays Capital |
95 | 147 | ||
Barclays Global Investors |
1,496 | 1,261 | ||
Barclays Wealth |
391 | 393 | ||
Goodwill |
7,625 | 7,014 |
Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment, or more frequently when there are indicators that impairment may have occurred, by comparing the carrying value to its recoverable amount.
Impairment testing of goodwill
The recoverable amount of each operations goodwill is based on value-in-use or fair value less costs to sell calculations. The calculations are based upon discounting expected pre-tax cash flows at a risk adjusted interest rate appropriate to the cash generating unit, the determination of both of which requires the exercise of judgement. The estimation of pre-tax cash flows is sensitive to the periods for which forecasts are available and to assumptions regarding the long-term sustainable cash flows. While forecasts are compared with actual performance and external economic data, expected cash flows naturally reflect managements view of future performance.
At 31st December 2008, the goodwill allocated to UK Retail Banking was £3,139m (2007: £3,138m) including £3,130m (2007: £3,130m) relating to Woolwich, the goodwill allocated to GRCB Absa was £1,084m (2007: £1,062m) and the goodwill allocated to Barclays Global Investors was £1,496m (2007: £1,261m). The remaining aggregate of goodwill of £1,915m (2007: £1,561m) consists of balances relating to multiple business operations which are not considered individually significant.
Goodwill impairment of £111m (2007: £nil) reflects the full write-down of £74m relating to EquiFirst, a US non-prime mortgage originator and a partial write-down of £37m relating to FirstPlus following its closure to new business in August 2008.
Key assumptions used in impairment testing for significant goodwill
UK Retail Banking
The recoverable amount of UK Retail Banking has been determined based on a value in use calculation. The calculation uses cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a three year period, and a discount rate of 17.48%. For the purposes of the calculations, cash flows beyond that period have been extrapolated using a steady 3% growth rate. The growth rate does not exceed the long-term average growth rate for the market in which UK Retail Banking operates. Management believes that any reasonable possible change in the key assumptions on which UK Retail Bankings recoverable amount is based would not cause its carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
Global Retail and Commercial Banking Absa
The recoverable amount of GRCB Absa has been determined based on a value in use calculation. The calculation uses cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a three year period, and a discount rate of 14.10%. For the purposes of the calculations, cash flows beyond that period have been extrapolated using a growth rate of 8% to cash flows for the two years 2012 to 2013, and a rate of 6% for the ten years 2014 to 2023. The growth rate does not exceed the long-term average growth rate for the market in which GRCB Absa operates. Management believes that any reasonable possible change in the key assumptions on which GRCB Absas recoverable amount is based would not cause its carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
Barclays Global Investors
The recoverable amount of BGI has been determined based on a fair value methodology approach which includes both a discounted cash flow valuation and comparable company valuation multiples based on revenue, EBITDA and assets under management. The calculation uses earnings projections based on financial budgets approved by management covering a three year period and a discount rate of 11.5%. For the purposes of the calculations, cash flows beyond that period have been extrapolated using growth rates of between 2% and 11% for cash flows from 2012 to 2017, and a terminal growth factor of 4% for 2018 and beyond. The growth rate does not exceed the long-term average growth rate for the market in which BGI operates. Management believes that any reasonable possible change in the key assumptions on which BGIs recoverable amount is based would not cause its carrying amount to exceed its recoverable amount.
220 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
22 Intangible assets
2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Internally generated software £m |
Other software £m |
Core deposit intangibles £m |
Brands £m |
Customer £m |
Mortgage £m |
Licences £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||||||||
Cost |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
388 | 188 | 244 | 149 | 524 | 126 | 161 | 1,780 | ||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions |
| 127 | 17 | 6 | 992 | | 210 | 1,352 | ||||||||||||||||
Additions/disposals |
274 | 5 | | | | | 3 | 282 | ||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
59 | 8 | | | 49 | 47 | 52 | 215 | ||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
721 | 328 | 261 | 155 | 1,565 | 173 | 426 | 3,629 | ||||||||||||||||
Accumulated amortisation and impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
(163 | ) | (57 | ) | (37 | ) | (38 | ) | (101 | ) | (64 | ) | (38 | ) | (498 | ) | ||||||||
Disposals |
11 | 7 | | | | | | 18 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortisation charge |
(86 | ) | (33 | ) | (14 | ) | (15 | ) | (62 | ) | (22 | ) | (59 | ) | (291 | ) | ||||||||
Impairment release |
3 | | | | | | | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
(49 | ) | 14 | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (9 | ) | (30 | ) | (7 | ) | (84 | ) | |||||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
(284 | ) | (69 | ) | (52 | ) | (55 | ) | (172 | ) | (116 | ) | (104 | ) | (852 | ) | ||||||||
Net book value |
437 | 259 | 209 | 100 | 1,393 | 57 | 322 | 2,777 | ||||||||||||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Internally generated software £m |
Other software £m |
Core deposit intangibles £m |
Brands £m |
Customer £m |
Mortgage £m |
Licences and other £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||||||||
Cost |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
267 | 123 | 242 | 145 | 467 | 122 | 140 | 1,506 | ||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions |
| | | | 54 | | 23 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||
Additions |
118 | 56 | | 3 | | 4 | | 181 | ||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
3 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | | (2) | 16 | ||||||||||||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
388 | 188 | 244 | 149 | 524 | 126 | 161 | 1,780 | ||||||||||||||||
Accumulated amortisation and impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
(116 | ) | (29 | ) | (24 | ) | (22 | ) | (64 | ) | (10 | ) | (26 | ) | (291 | ) | ||||||||
Amortisation charge |
(45 | ) | (13 | ) | (11 | ) | (15 | ) | (36 | ) | (54 | ) | (12 | ) | (186 | ) | ||||||||
Impairment charge |
| (14 | ) | | | | | | (14 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
(2 | ) | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | | | (7 | ) | ||||||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
(163 | ) | (57 | ) | (37 | ) | (38 | ) | (101 | ) | (64 | ) | (38 | ) | (498 | ) | ||||||||
Net book value |
225 | 131 | 207 | 111 | 423 | 62 | 123 | 1,282 |
The impairment release detailed above has been included within other operating expenses.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
221 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
23 Property, plant and equipment
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Property £m |
Equipment £m |
Operating leased assets £m |
Total £m |
Property £m |
Equipment £m |
Operating leased assets £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||||||||
Cost |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January |
2,451 | 2,995 | 413 | 5,859 | 2,154 | 2,429 | 365 | 4,948 | ||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals |
992 | 218 | | 1,210 | 5 | 13 | | 18 | ||||||||||||||||
Additions |
493 | 846 | 126 | 1,465 | 506 | 638 | 105 | 1,249 | ||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
(485 | ) | (276 | ) | (235 | ) | (996 | ) | (241 | ) | (112 | ) | (57 | ) | (410 | ) | ||||||||
Fully depreciated assets written off |
(15 | ) | (7 | ) | | (22 | ) | (1 | ) | (8 | ) | | (9 | ) | ||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
188 | 168 | | 356 | 28 | 35 | | 63 | ||||||||||||||||
At 31st December |
3,624 | 3,944 | 304 | 7,872 | 2,451 | 2,995 | 413 | 5,859 | ||||||||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation and impairment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
At 1st January |
(1,044 | ) | (1,804 | ) | (15 | ) | (2,863 | ) | (993 | ) | (1,454 | ) | (9 | ) | (2,456 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals |
(8 | ) | (12 | ) | | (20 | ) | (1 | ) | (7 | ) | | (8 | ) | ||||||||||
Depreciation charge |
(124 | ) | (475 | ) | (31 | ) | (630 | ) | (91 | ) | (370 | ) | (6 | ) | (467 | ) | ||||||||
Impairment charge |
| (33 | ) | | (33 | ) | (2 | ) | | | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Disposals |
168 | 185 | 3 | 356 | 58 | 37 | | 95 | ||||||||||||||||
Fully depreciated assets written off |
15 | 7 | | 22 | 1 | 8 | | 9 | ||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
(18 | ) | (12 | ) | | (30 | ) | (16 | ) | (18 | ) | | (34 | ) | ||||||||||
At 31st December |
(1,011 | ) | (2,144 | ) | (43 | ) | (3,198 | ) | (1,044 | ) | (1,804 | ) | (15 | ) | (2,863 | ) | ||||||||
Net book value |
2,613 | 1,800 | 261 | 4,674 | 1,407 | 1,191 | 398 | 2,996 |
Operating leased assets represent assets such as plant and equipment leased to customers under operating leases.
Certain of the Groups equipment is held on finance leases. See Note 37.
222 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
24 Financial liabilities designated at fair value
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Fair value £m |
Contractual amount due on maturity £m |
Fair value £m |
Contractual amount due on maturity £m | |||||
Debt securities |
61,297 | 69,197 | 52,320 | 62,167 | ||||
Deposits |
10,518 | 10,109 | 17,319 | 18,140 | ||||
Other |
5,077 | 6,761 | 4,850 | 6,239 | ||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value |
76,892 | 86,067 | 74,489 | 86,546 |
At 31st December 2008, the own credit adjustment arose from the fair valuation of £54.5bn of Barclays Capital structured notes (2007: £40.7bn). The widening of Barclays credit spreads in the year affected the fair value of these notes and as a result revaluation gains of £1,663m were recognised in trading income (2007: £658m).
25 Other liabilities
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Accruals and deferred income |
6,495 | 6,075 | ||
Sundry creditors |
6,049 | 4,341 | ||
Obligations under finance leases (Note 37) |
96 | 83 | ||
Other liabilities |
12,640 | 10,499 |
Included in the above are balances of £11,068m (2007: £9,043m) expected to be settled within no more than 12 months after the balance sheet date; and balances of £1,572m (2007: £1,456m) expected to be settled more than 12 months after the balance sheet date.
Accruals and deferred income included £nil (2007: £102m) in relation to deferred income from investment contracts and £nil (2007: £677m) in relation to deferred income from insurance contracts.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
223 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
26 Insurance assets and liabilities
Insurance assets
Reinsurance assets are £123m (2007: £157m) and relate principally to the Groups long-term business. Reinsurers share of provisions relating to the Groups short-term business are £32m (2007: £94m). The reinsurance assets expected to be recovered after more than one year are £91m (2007: £63m).
Insurance contract liabilities including unit-linked liabilities
Insurance liabilities comprise the following:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Insurance contract liabilities: |
||||
linked liabilities |
125 | 1,398 | ||
non-linked liabilities |
1,908 | 2,347 | ||
Provision for claims |
119 | 158 | ||
Insurance contract liabilities including unit-linked liabilities |
2,152 | 3,903 |
Insurance contract liabilities relate principally to the Groups long-term business. Insurance contract liabilities associated with the Groups short-term non-life business are £73m (2007: £174m).
Movements in insurance liabilities and reinsurance assets
Movements in insurance assets and insurance contract liabilities were as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Gross £m |
Reinsurance £m |
Net £m |
Gross £m |
Reinsurance £m |
Net £m | |||||||||||
At beginning of year |
3,903 | (157 | ) | 3,746 | 3,878 | (172 | ) | 3,706 | ||||||||
Change in year |
(1,751 | ) | 34 | (1,717 | ) | 25 | 15 | 40 | ||||||||
At end of year |
2,152 | (123 | ) | 2,029 | 3,903 | (157 | ) | 3,746 |
Assumptions used to measure insurance liabilities
The assumptions that have the greatest effect on the measurement of the amounts recognised above, and the processes used to determine them were as follows:
Long-term business linked and non-linked
Mortality mortality estimates are based on standard industry and national mortality tables, adjusted where appropriate to reflect the Groups own experience. A margin is added to ensure prudence for example, future mortality improvements for annuity business.
Renewal expenses level and inflation expense reserves are a small part of overall insurance liabilities, however, increases in expenses caused by unanticipated inflation or other unforeseen factors could lead to expense reserve increases. Expenses are therefore set using prudent assumptions. Initial renewal expense levels are set by considering expense forecasts for the business and, where appropriate, building in a margin to allow for the increasing burden of fixed costs on the UK closed life book of business. The inflation assumption is set by adding a margin to the market rate of inflation implied by index-linked gilt yields.
Short-term business
Short-term business for single premium policies the proportion of unearned premiums is calculated based on estimates of the frequency and severity of incidents.
Changes in assumptions
There have been no changes in assumptions in 2008 that have had a material effect on the financial statements.
Uncertainties associated with cash flows related to insurance contracts and risk management activities
Long-term insurance contracts (linked and non-linked)
For long-term insurance contracts where death is the insured risk, the most significant factors that could detrimentally affect the frequency and severity of claims are the incidence of disease, such as AIDS, or general changes in lifestyle, such as in eating, exercise and smoking. Where survival is the insured risk, advances in medical care and social conditions are the key factors that increase longevity.
The Group manages its exposure to risk by operating in part as a unit-linked business, prudent product design, applying strict underwriting criteria, transferring risk to reinsurers, managing claims and establishing prudent reserves.
Short-term insurance contracts
For payment protection contracts where inability to make payments under a loan contract is the insured risk, the most significant factors are the health of the policyholder and the possibility of unemployment which depends upon, among other things, long-term and short-term economic factors. The Group manages its exposure to such risks through prudent product design, efficient claims management, prudent reserving methodologies and bases, regular product, economic and market reviews and regular adequacy tests on the size of the reserves.
Absa insures property and motor vehicles, for which the most significant factors that could effect the frequency and severity of claims are climatic change and crime. Absa manages its exposure to risk by diversifying insurance risks accepted and transferring risk to reinsurers.
224 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
26 Insurance assets and liabilities (continued)
Sensitivity analysis
The following table presents the sensitivity of the level of insurance contract liabilities disclosed in this note to movements in the actuarial assumptions used to calculate them. The percentage change in variable is applied to a range of existing actuarial modelling assumptions to derive the possible impact on net profit after tax. The disclosure is not intended to explain the impact of a percentage change in the insurance assets and liabilities disclosed above.
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Change in variable % |
Net profit after tax impact £m |
Change in variable % |
Net profit after tax impact £m | |||||
Long-term insurance contracts: |
||||||||
Improving mortality (annuitants only) |
10 | 1 | 10 | 21 | ||||
Worsening of mortality (assured lives only) |
10 | 20 | 10 | 29 | ||||
Worsening of base renewal expense level |
20 | 19 | 20 | 43 | ||||
Worsening of expense inflation rate |
10 | 1 | 10 | 10 | ||||
Short-term insurance contracts: |
||||||||
Worsening of claim expense assumptions |
10 | 3 | 10 | 3 |
Any change in net profit after tax would result in a corresponding increase or decrease in shareholders equity.
The above analyses are based on a change in a single assumption while holding all other assumptions constant. In practice this is unlikely to occur.
Options and guarantees
The Groups contracts do not contain options or guarantees that could confer material risk.
Concentration of insurance risk
The Group considers that the concentration of insurance risk that is most relevant to the Group financial statements is according to the type of cover offered and the location of insured risk. The following table shows the maximum amounts payable under all of the Groups insurance products. It ignores the probability of insured events occurring and the contribution from investments backing the insurance policies. The table shows the broad product types and the location of the insured risk, before and after the impact of reinsurance that represents the risk that is passed to other insurers.
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Before Reinsurance £m |
Reinsurance £m |
After Reinsurance £m |
Before Reinsurance £m |
Reinsurance £m |
After Reinsurance £m | |||||||||
Total benefits insured by product type |
||||||||||||||
Long-term insurance contracts |
19,193 | (3,591 | ) | 15,602 | 31,205 | (10,497 | ) | 20,708 | ||||||
Short-term insurance contracts |
36,228 | (2,735 | ) | 33,493 | 31,464 | (1,139 | ) | 30,325 | ||||||
Total benefits insured |
55,421 | (6,326 | ) | 49,095 | 62,669 | (11,636 | ) | 51,033 | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Before Reinsurance £m |
Reinsurance £m |
After Reinsurance £m |
Before Reinsurance £m |
Reinsurance £m |
After Reinsurance | |||||||||
Total benefits insured by geographic location |
||||||||||||||
United Kingdom |
8,120 | (525 | ) | 7,595 | 22,538 | (7,473 | ) | 15,065 | ||||||
Other European Union |
6,519 | (2,305 | ) | 4,214 | 4,304 | (2,479 | ) | 1,825 | ||||||
Africa |
40,782 | (3,496 | ) | 37,286 | 35,827 | (1,684 | ) | 34,143 | ||||||
Total benefits insured |
55,421 | (6,326 | ) | 49,095 | 62,669 | (11,636 | ) | 51,033 |
Reinsurer credit risk
For the long-term business, reinsurance programmes are in place to restrict the amount of cover on any single life. The reinsurance cover is spread across highly rated companies to diversify the risk of reinsurer solvency. Net insurance reserves include a margin to reflect reinsurer credit risk.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
225 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
27 Subordinated liabilities
Subordinated liabilities comprise dated and undated loan capital as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||||
Undated lo an capital |
(a) | 13,673 | 6,631 | |||
Dated loan capital |
(b) | 16,169 | 11,519 | |||
29,842 | 18,150 | |||||
(a) Undated loan capital
|
||||||
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m | ||||
Non-convertible |
||||||
The Bank |
||||||
6% Callable Perpetual Core Tier One Notes |
a,q | 487 | 392 | |||
6.86% Callable Perpetual Core Tier One Notes (US$1,000m) |
a,q | 1,118 | 624 | |||
5.3304% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments |
b,r | 652 | 520 | |||
5.926% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments (US$1,350m) |
c,s | 1,109 | 708 | |||
6.3688% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments |
n,ae | 600 | 526 | |||
7.434% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments (US$1,250m) |
o,af | 1,055 | 660 | |||
14% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments |
e,t | 2,514 | | |||
Junior Undated Floating Rate Notes (US$121m) |
d,u | 83 | 61 | |||
7.7% Undated Subordinated Notes (US$2,000m) |
p,ah | 1,644 | | |||
Undated Floating Rate Primary Capital Notes Series 3 |
d,v | 147 | 147 | |||
9.875% Undated Subordinated Notes |
| 319 | ||||
9.25% Perpetual Subordinated Bonds (ex-Woolwich plc) |
f, w | 232 | 171 | |||
9% Permanent Interest Bearing Capital Bonds |
g,x | 120 | 102 | |||
8.25% Undated Subordinated Notes |
p,ag | 1,092 | | |||
7.125% Undated Subordinated Notes |
h,y | 620 | 535 | |||
6.875% Undated Subordinated Notes |
i, z | 729 | 657 | |||
6.375% Undated Subordinated Notes |
j, aa | 526 | 482 | |||
6.125% Undated Subordinated Notes |
k,ab | 666 | 560 | |||
6.5% Undated Subordinated Notes (FFr1,000m) |
l,ac | 151 | 115 | |||
5.03% Reverse Dual Currency Undated Subordinated Loan (Yen 8,000m) |
m,ad | 51 | 21 | |||
5% Reverse Dual Currency Undated Subordinated Loan (Yen12,000m) |
m,ad | 77 | 31 | |||
Undated lo an capital non-convertible |
13,673 | 6,631 |
Security and subordination
None of the undated loan capital of the Bank is secured.
The Junior Undated Floating Rate Notes (the Junior Notes) rank behind the claims against the Bank of depositors and other unsecured unsubordinated creditors and holders of dated loan capital.
All other issues of the Banks undated loan capital rank pari passu with each other and behind the claims of the holders of the Junior Notes, except for the 6% and 6.86% Callable Perpetual Core Tier One Notes (the TONs) and the 5.3304%, 5.926%, 6.3688%, 7.434% and 14% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments (the RCIs) (such issues, excluding the TONs and the RCIs, being the Undated Notes and Loans).
The TONs and the RCIs rank pari passu with each other and behind the claims of the holders of the Undated Notes and Loans.
Interest
Notes
a | These TONs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2032. After that date, in the event that the TONs are not redeemed, the TONs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
b | These RCIs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2036. After that date, in the event that the RCIs are not redeemed, the RCIs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
c | These RCIs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2016. After that date, in the event that the RCIs are not redeemed, the RCIs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
d | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
e | These RCIs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2019. After that date, in the event that the RCIs are not redeemed, the RCIs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
f | These Bonds bear a fixed rate of interest until 2021. After that date, in the event that the Bonds are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
g | The interest rate on these Bonds is fixed for the life of this issue. |
h | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2020. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
i | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2015. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
226 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
27 Subordinated liabilities (continued)
j | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2017. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
k | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2027. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
l | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2009. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on European interbank rates. |
m | These Loans bear a fixed rate of interest until 2028 based on a US Dollar principal amount, but the interest payments have been swapped, resulting in a Yen interest rate payable, which is fixed periodically in advance based on London interbank rates. After that date, in the event that the Loans are not redeemed, the Loans will bear Yen interest rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
n | These RCIs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2019. After that date, in the event that the RCIs are not redeemed, the RCIs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
o | These RCIs bear a fixed rate of interest until 2017. After that date, in the event that the RCIs are not redeemed, the RCIs will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
p | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2018. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. |
The Bank is not obliged to make a payment of interest on its Undated Notes and Loans excluding the 9.25% Perpetual Subordinated Bonds, 7.7% Undated Subordinated Notes and 8.25% Undated Subordinated Notes if, in the preceding six months, a dividend has not been declared or paid on any class of shares of Barclays PLC or, in certain cases, any class of preference shares of the Bank. The Bank is not obliged to make a payment of interest on its 9.25% Perpetual Subordinated Bonds if, in the immediately preceding 12 months interest period, a dividend has not been paid on any class of its share capital. Interest not so paid becomes payable in each case if such a dividend is subsequently paid or in certain other circumstances. During the year, the Bank declared and paid dividends on its ordinary shares and on all classes of preference shares.
No payment of principal or any interest may be made unless the Bank satisfies a specified solvency test.
The Bank may elect to defer any payment of interest on the 7.7% Undated Subordinated Notes and 8.25% Undated Subordinated Notes. Until such time as any deferred interest has been paid in full, neither the Bank nor Barclays PLC may declare or pay a dividend, subject to certain exceptions, on any of its ordinary shares, preference shares, or other share capital or satisfy any payments of interest or coupons on certain other junior obligations.
The Bank may elect to defer any payment of interest on the RCIs (b, c, e, n and o above). Any such deferred payment of interest must be paid on the earlier of (i) the date of redemption of the RCIs, (ii) the coupon payment date falling on or nearest to the tenth anniversary of the date of deferral of such payment, and (iii) in respect of e above only, substitution. Whilst such deferral is continuing, neither the Bank nor Barclays PLC may declare or pay a dividend, subject to certain exceptions, on any of its ordinary shares or preference shares.
The Bank may elect to defer any payment of interest on the TONs if it determines that it is, or such payment would result in it being, in non-compliance with capital adequacy requirements and policies of the FSA. Any such deferred payment of interest will only be payable on a redemption of the TONs. Until such time as the Bank next makes a payment of interest on the TONs, neither the Bank nor Barclays PLC may (i) declare or pay a dividend, subject to certain exceptions, on any of their respective ordinary shares or Preference Shares, or make payments of interest in respect of the Banks Reserve Capital Instruments and (ii) certain restrictions on the redemption, purchase or reduction of their respective share capital and certain other securities also apply.
Repayment
Notes
q | These TONs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after June 2032. |
r | These RCIs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after December 2036. |
s | These RCIs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after December 2016. |
t | These RCIs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after June 2019. |
u | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole or in part on any interest payment date. |
v | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any interest payment date. |
w | These Bonds are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2021, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
x | These Bonds are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole at any time. |
y | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2020, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
z | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2015, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
aa | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2017, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
ab | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2027, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
ac | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2009, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
ad | These Loans are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole in 2028, or on any fifth anniversary thereafter. |
ae | These RCIs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after December 2019. |
af | These RCIs are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after December 2017. |
ag | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any interest payment date falling in or after December 2018. |
ah | These Notes are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any interest payment date falling in or after April 2018. |
In addition, each issue of undated loan capital is repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole for certain tax reasons, either at any time, or on an interest payment date. There are no events of default except non-payment of principal or mandatory interest.
Any repayments require the prior notification to the FSA.
All issues of undated loan capital have been made in the eurocurrency market and/or under Rule 144A, and no issues have been registered under the US Securities Act of 1933.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
227 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
27 Subordinated liabilities (continued)
(b) Dated loan capital
Dated loan capital, issued by the Bank for the development and expansion of the Groups business and to strengthen its capital base, by Barclays Bank Spain SA (Barclays Spain), Barclays Bank of Botswana Ltd (BBB), Barclays Bank Zambia PLC (Barclays Zambia) and Barclays Bank of Kenya (Barclays Kenya) to enhance their respective capital bases and by Absa and Barclays Bank of Ghana Ltd (BBG) for general corporate purposes, comprise:
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m | ||||
Non-convertible |
||||||
The Bank |
||||||
7.4% Subordinated Notes 2009 (US$400m) |
a | 275 | 200 | |||
Subordinated Fixed to CMS-Linked Notes 2009 (31m) |
b | 31 | 23 | |||
12% Unsecured Capital Loan Stock 2010 |
a | 27 | 27 | |||
5.75% Subordinated Notes 2011 (1,000m) |
a | 943 | 724 | |||
5.25% Subordinated Notes 2011 (250m) (ex-Woolwich plc) |
a | 260 | 200 | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2013 (US$1,000m) |
| 501 | ||||
5.015% Subordinated Notes 2013 (US$150m) |
a | 112 | 77 | |||
4.875% Subordinated Notes 2013 (750m) |
a | 750 | 583 | |||
5.5% Subordinated Notes 2013 (DM 500m) |
| 196 | ||||
Floating Rate Subordinated Step-up Callable Notes 2013 (Yen 5,500m) |
| 25 | ||||
Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2013 (AU$150m) |
| 67 | ||||
5.93% Subordinated Notes 2013 (AU$100m) |
| 44 | ||||
Callable Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2015 (US$1,500m) |
b,k | 1,031 | 753 | |||
4.38% Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes 2015 (US$75m) |
a | 88 | 30 | |||
4.75% Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes 2015 (US$150m) |
a | 81 | 85 | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Step-up Callable Notes 2016 (US$750m) |
b,k | 514 | 375 | |||
Callable Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2016 (1,250m) |
b,k | 1,211 | 927 | |||
Callable Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2017 (US$500m) |
b,k | 343 | 250 | |||
10.125% Subordinated Notes 2017 (ex-Woolwich plc) |
h,k | 109 | 111 | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Step-up Callable Notes 2017 (US$1,500m) |
b,k | 1,029 | 749 | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Step-up Callable Notes 2017 (1,500m) |
b,k | 1,444 | 1,106 | |||
6.05% Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes 2017 (US$2,250m) |
a | 1,856 | 1,125 | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2018 (40m) |
b | 38 | 29 | |||
6% Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes due 2018 (1,750m) |
a | 1,767 | | |||
CMS-Linked Subordinated Notes due 2018 (100m) |
b | 100 | | |||
CMS-Linked Subordinated Notes due 2018 (135m) |
b | 135 | | |||
Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2019 (50m) |
b | 47 | 36 | |||
Callable Fixed/Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2019 (1,000m) |
i | 984 | 761 | |||
9.5% Subordinated Bonds 2021 (ex-Woolwich plc) |
a | 298 | 282 | |||
Subordinated Floating Rate Notes 2021 (100m) |
b | 94 | 72 | |||
Subordinated Floating Rate Notes 2022 (50m) |
b | 49 | 37 | |||
Subordinated Floating Rate Notes 2023 (50m) |
b | 48 | 37 | |||
Fixed/Floating Rate Subordinated Callable Notes 2023 |
o,k | 571 | 505 | |||
5.75% Fixed Rate Subordinated Notes 2026 |
a | 690 | 600 | |||
5.4% Reverse Dual Currency Subordinated Loan 2027 (Yen 15,000m) |
j | 128 | 71 | |||
6.33% Subordinated Notes 2032 |
a | 53 | 49 | |||
Subordinated Floating Rate Notes 2040 (100m) |
b | 96 | 73 | |||
Barclays Bank SA, Spain (Barclays Spain) |
||||||
Subordinated Floating Rate Capital Notes 2011 (11m) |
b | 11 | 10 | |||
Absa |
||||||
14.25% Subordinated Callable Notes 2014 (ZAR 3,100m) |
c,k | 240 | 253 | |||
10.75% Subordinated Callable Notes 2015 (ZAR 1,100m) |
d,k | 85 | 87 | |||
Subordinated Callable Notes 2015 (ZAR 400m) |
e,k | 30 | 29 | |||
8.75% Subordinated Callable Notes 2017 (ZAR 1,500m) |
f,k | 115 | 111 | |||
Subordinated Callable Notes 2018 (ZAR 3,700m) |
e,k | 144 | | |||
8.8% Subordinated Fixed Rate Callable Notes 2019 (ZAR 1,725m) |
p,k | 146 | 123 | |||
8.1% Subordinated Callable Notes 2020 (ZAR 2,000m) |
g,k | 130 | 138 | |||
Barclays Bank of Ghana Ltd (BBG) |
||||||
14% Fixed Rate BBG Subordinated Callable Notes 2016 (GHC 100,000m) |
a,k | 5 | 5 | |||
Barclays Bank of Kenya (Barclays Kenya) |
||||||
Floating Rate Subordinated Notes 2014 (KES 2,965m) |
q | 26 | 8 | |||
Dated loan capital non-convertible |
16,134 | 11,494 |
228 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
27 Subordinated liabilities (continued)
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m | ||||
Convertible |
||||||
Barclays Bank of Botswana (BBB) |
||||||
Subordinated Unsecured Floating Rate Capital Notes 2014 (BWP 190m) |
k,l | 17 | 8 | |||
Barclays Bank Zambia PLC (Barclays Zambia) |
||||||
Subordinated Unsecured Floating Rate Capital Notes 2015 (ZMK 49,086m) |
k,m | 7 | 6 | |||
Absa |
||||||
Redeemable cumulative option-holding preference shares (ZAR 147m) |
n | 11 | 11 | |||
Total convertible |
35 | 25 |
None of the Groups dated loan capital is secured. The debt obligations of the Bank, Barclays Spain, BBG, BBB, Barclays Zambia, Barclays Kenya and Absa rank ahead of the interests of holders of their equity. Dated loan capital of the Bank, Barclays Spain, BBG, BBB, Barclays Zambia, Barclays Kenya and Absa has been issued on the basis that the claims there under are subordinated to the respective claims of their depositors and other unsecured unsubordinated creditors.
Interest
Notes
a | The interest rates on these Notes are fixed for the life of those issues. |
b | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on London or European interbank rates. |
c | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2009. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference rate for a further period of five years. |
d | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2010. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on Johannesburg interbank acceptance rates. |
e | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on Johannesburg interbank acceptance rates. |
f | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2012. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on Johannesburg interbank acceptance rates. |
g | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2015. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on Johannesburg interbank acceptance rates. |
h | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2012. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the coupon will be reset to a fixed margin over a reference gilt rate for a further period of five years. |
i | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2014. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on European interbank rates. |
j | This Loan bears a fixed rate of interest based on a US Dollar principal amount, but the interest payments have been swapped, resulting in a Yen interest rate payable which is fixed periodically in advance based on London interbank rates. |
k | Repayable at the option of the issuer, prior to maturity, on conditions governing the respective debt obligations, some in whole or in part, and some only in whole. |
l | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on the Bank of Botswana Certificate Rate. All of these Notes will be compulsorily converted to Preference Shares of BBB, having a total par value equal in sum to the principal amount of Notes outstanding at the time of conversion, should BBB experience pre-tax losses in excess of its retained earnings and other capital surplus accounts. |
m | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on the Bank of Zambia Treasury Bill rate. All of these Notes will be compulsorily converted to Preference Shares of Barclays Zambia, having a total par value equal in sum to the principal amount of Notes outstanding at the time of conversion, should Barclays Zambia experience pre-tax losses in excess of its retained earnings and other capital surplus accounts. |
n | The dividends are compounded and payable semi-annually in arrears on 30th September and 31st March of each year. The shares were issued by Absa Group Limited on 1st July 2004 and the redemption dates commence on the first business day after the third anniversary of the date of issue of the redeemable preference shares and ending on the fifth anniversary of the date of issue. Such exercise and notice will be deemed to be effective only on the option exercise dates, being 1st March, 1st June, 1st September or 1st December of each year. The shares are convertible into ordinary shares at the option of the preference shareholders on the redemption dates in lots of 100. |
o | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2018. After that date in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on London interbank rates. |
p | These Notes bear a fixed rate of interest until 2014. After that date, in the event that the Notes are not redeemed, the Notes will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on Johannesburg interbank acceptance rates. |
q | These Notes bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance based on the Central Bank of Kenya Treasury Bill rates. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
229 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
27 Subordinated liabilities (continued)
The 7.4% Subordinated Notes 2009 (the 7.4% Notes) issued by the Bank have been registered under the US Securities Act of 1933. All other issues of dated loan capital by the Bank, Barclays Spain, BBG, BBB, Barclays Zambia, Barclays Kenya and Absa, which were made in non-US markets, have not been so registered. With respect to the 7.4% Notes, the Bank is not obliged to make (i) a payment of interest on any interest payment date unless a dividend is paid on any class of share capital and (ii) a payment of principal until six months after the respective maturity date with respect to such Notes.
Repayment terms
Unless otherwise indicated, the Groups dated loan capital outstanding at 31st December 2008 is redeemable only on maturity, subject in particular cases, to provisions allowing an early redemption in the event of certain changes in tax law or, in the case of BBB and Barclays Zambia to certain changes in legislation or regulations.
Any repayments prior to maturity require in the case of the Bank, the prior notification to the FSA, in the case of BBB, the prior approval of the Bank of Botswana, in the case of Barclays Zambia, the prior approval of the Bank of Zambia, and in the case of Absa, the prior approval of the South African Registrar of Banks.
There are no committed facilities in existence at the balance sheet date which permit the refinancing of debt beyond the date of maturity.
28 Provisions
Onerous contracts £m |
Redundancy restructuring |
Undrawn £m |
Sundry provisions £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
64 | 82 | 475 | 209 | 830 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries |
9 | (9 | ) | | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||
Exchange |
2 | | 63 | 15 | 80 | ||||||||||
Additions |
12 | 269 | 461 | 102 | 844 | ||||||||||
Amounts used |
(41 | ) | (213 | ) | (794 | ) | (42 | ) | (1,090 | ) | |||||
Unused amounts reversed |
| (11 | ) | (96 | ) | (25 | ) | (132 | ) | ||||||
Amortisation of discount |
4 | | | | 4 | ||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
50 | 118 | 109 | 258 | 535 | ||||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
71 | 102 | 46 | 243 | 462 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries |
1 | (2 | ) | | 74 | 73 | |||||||||
Exchange |
| | 8 | 5 | 13 | ||||||||||
Additions |
18 | 117 | 560 | 121 | 816 | ||||||||||
Amounts used |
(25 | ) | (117 | ) | (113 | ) | (60 | ) | (315 | ) | |||||
Unused amounts reversed |
(5 | ) | (18 | ) | (26 | ) | (174 | ) | (223 | ) | |||||
Amortisation of discount |
4 | | | | 4 | ||||||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
64 | 82 | 475 | 209 | 830 |
Provisions expected to be recovered or settled within no more than 12 months after 31st December 2008 were £333m (2007:£645m).
Sundry provisions are made with respect to commission clawbacks, warranties and litigation claims.
There were no undrawn contractually committed facilities and guarantees provided against undrawn facilities on ABS CDO Super Senior positions (2007: £360m).
230 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
29 Securitisations
The Group was party to securitisation transactions involving Barclays residential mortgage loans, business loans and credit card balances. In addition, the Group acts as a conduit for commercial paper, whereby it acquires static pools of residential mortgage loans from other lending institutions for securitisation transactions.
In these transactions, the assets, or interests in the assets, or beneficial interests in the cash flows arising from the assets, are transferred to a special purpose entity, or to a trust which then transfers its beneficial interests to a special purpose entity, which then issues floating rate debt securities to third-party investors.
Securitisations may, depending on the individual arrangement result in continued recognition of the securitised assets and the recognition of the debt securities issued in the transaction; lead to partial continued recognition of the assets to the extent of the Groups continuing involvement in those assets or to derecognition of the assets and the separate recognition, as assets or liabilities, of any rights and obligations created or retained in the transfer. Full derecognition only occurs when the Group transfers both its contractual right to receive cash flows from the financial assets, or retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to another party without material delay or reinvestment, and also transfers substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership, including credit risk, prepayment risk and interest rate risk.
The following table shows the carrying amount of securitised assets, stated at the amount of the Groups continuing involvement where appropriate, together with the associated liabilities, for each category of asset in the balance sheet:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Carrying £m |
Associated liabilities £m |
Carrying amount of assets £m |
Associated liabilities £m |
|||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
12,754 | (13,172 | ) | 16,000 | (16,786 | ) | ||||
Credit card receivables |
1,888 | (2,109 | ) | 4,217 | (3,895 | ) | ||||
Other personal lending |
212 | (256 | ) | 422 | (485 | ) | ||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
7,702 | (8,937 | ) | 8,493 | (8,070 | ) | ||||
Total |
22,556 | (24,474 | ) | 29,132 | (29,236 | ) | ||||
Assets designated at fair value through profit or loss |
||||||||||
Retained interest in residential mortgage loans |
316 | | 895 | |
Retained interests in residential mortgage loans are securities which represent a continuing exposure to the prepayment and credit risk in the underlying securitised assets. The total amount of the loans was £31,734m (2007:£23,097m). The retained interest is initially recorded as an allocation of the original carrying amount based on the relative fair values of the portion derecognised and the portion retained.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
231 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
30 Retirement benefit obligations
Pension schemes
The UK Retirement Fund (UKRF), which is the main scheme of the Group, amounting to 91% of all the Groups schemes in terms of benefit obligations, comprises ten sections.
The 1964 Pension Scheme
Most employees recruited before July 1997 are members of this non-contributory defined benefit scheme. Pensions are calculated by reference to service and pensionable salary and are normally subject to a deduction from State pension age.
The Retirement Investment Scheme (RIS)
A defined contribution plan for most joiners between July 1997 and 1st October 2003. This was closed to new entrants on 1st October 2003 and the large majority of existing members of the RIS transferred to afterwork in respect of future benefit accrual with effect from 1st January 2004. There are now no longer any active members of the RIS.
The Pension Investment Plan (PIP)
A defined contribution plan created from 1st July 2001 to provide benefits for certain employees of Barclays Capital.
afterwork
Combines a contributory cash balance element with a voluntary defined contribution element. New employees since 1st October 2003 are eligible to join afterwork. In addition, the large majority of active members of the RIS (now closed) were transferred to afterwork in respect of future benefit accrual after 1st January 2004.
Career Average Section
The Career Average Section was established in the UKRF with effect from 1st May 2004 following the transfer of members from the Woolwich Pension Fund. The Career Average Section is a non-contributory career average scheme and was closed to new entrants on 1st December 2006.
1951 Fund Section, AP89 Section, BCPS Section, CCS Section and Mercantile Section
Five new sections were established in the UKRF with effect from 31st March 2007 following the merger of the UKRF with five smaller schemes sponsored from within the Group. All five sections are closed to new members.
The 1951 Fund Section, AP89 Section and Mercantile Section provide final salary benefits calculated by reference to service and pensionable salary.
The BCPS and CCS Sections provide defined contribution benefits. The benefits built up in these sections in relation to service before 6th April 1997 are subject to a defined benefit minimum.
In addition, the costs of ill-health retirements and death in service benefits are generally borne by the UKRF for each of the ten sections. From November 2008, members were given the option to pay member contributions by way of salary sacrifice.
Governance
The assets of the UKRF are held separately from the assets of the Group and are administered by trustees.
Barclays Pension Fund Trustees Ltd (BPFTL) acts as corporate trustee for the UKRF. BPFTL is a private limited company, incorporated on 20th December 1990, and is a subsidiary of Barclays Bank PLC.
As the corporate trustee for the UKRF, BPFTL is the legal owner of the assets of the UKRF and BPFTL holds these assets in trust for the beneficiaries of the scheme.
BPFTL comprises nine Directors, of which six are Employer Directors selected by the Bank and three are Employee Directors nominated by the Pension Fund Advisory Committee (PFAC). Employee Directors are selected from those eligible active employees and pensioner members who apply to be considered for the role.
Employee Director vacancies are advertised to all eligible active and pensioner members. This enables any eligible member with an interest in becoming an Employee Director to express that interest and be considered for the role. The PFAC provides the mechanism through which Employee Directors are selected. The PFAC will accept nominations from eligible members and select from amongst all properly nominated candidates.
There are also three Alternate Employer Directors and three Alternate Employee Directors. The selection process for these appointments are as detailed above. The role of alternate directors is to provide cover for individual directors, should they not be available for meetings.
Under the Pensions Act 2004 the Bank and the Trustee must agree on the funding rate (including a recovery plan to fund any deficit against the scheme specific statutory funding objective). The first ongoing funding valuation to be completed under this legislation had an effective date of 30th September 2007.
In addition to the UKRF, there are other defined benefit and defined contribution schemes in the UK and overseas. The same approach to pensions governance applies to the other schemes in the UK but different legislation covers schemes outside of the UK where in most cases the Bank has the power to determine the funding rate.
232 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
The following tables present an analysis of defined benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for all the Groups pension schemes and post-retirement benefits (the latter are unfunded) and present the amounts recognised in the income statement including those related to post-retirement health care.
Income statement charge
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pensions £m |
Other post- retirement benefits £m |
Total £m |
Pensions £m |
Other post- retirement benefits £m |
Total £m |
Pensions £m |
Other post- retirement |
Total £m |
|||||||||||||||||
Staff cost charge |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current service cost |
299 | 2 | 301 | 332 | 2 | 334 | 378 | 21 | 399 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest cost |
991 | 8 | 999 | 905 | 8 | 913 | 900 | 8 | 908 | ||||||||||||||||
Expected return on scheme assets |
(1,175 | ) | | (1,175 | ) | (1,074 | ) | | (1,074 | ) | (999 | ) | | (999 | ) | ||||||||||
Recognised actuarial (gain)/loss |
(23 | ) | (1 | ) | (24 | ) | (1 | ) | | (1 | ) | 3 | 1 | 4 | |||||||||||
Past service cost |
2 | (8 | ) | (6 | ) | 20 | | 20 | 29 | | 29 | ||||||||||||||
Curtailment or settlements |
(5 | ) | | (5 | ) | (32 | ) | | (32 | ) | (29 | ) | | (29 | ) | ||||||||||
Total included in staff costs |
89 | 1 | 90 | 150 | 10 | 160 | 282 | 30 | 312 |
Staff costs are included in other operating expenses.
Change in benefit obligation
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | |||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of the year |
(16,563 | ) | (913 | ) | (60 | ) | (98 | ) | (17,634 | ) | (17,256 | ) | (894 | ) | (97 | ) | (76 | ) | (18,323 | ) | ||||||||||
Current service cost |
(276 | ) | (23 | ) | | (2 | ) | (301 | ) | (317 | ) | (15 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (334 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest cost |
(946 | ) | (45 | ) | (3 | ) | (5 | ) | (999 | ) | (869 | ) | (36 | ) | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | (913 | ) | ||||||||||
Past service cost |
(2 | ) | (11 | ) | 7 | | (6 | ) | (20 | ) | | | | (20 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Curtailments or settlements |
7 | 2 | | | 9 | 35 | 1 | | | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial gain/(loss) |
2,807 | | 11 | (5 | ) | 2,813 | 1,292 | 25 | 19 | 1 | 1,337 | |||||||||||||||||||
Contributions by plan participants |
(20 | ) | (3 | ) | | | (23 | ) | (19 | ) | (2 | ) | | | (21 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Benefits paid |
598 | 42 | 2 | 9 | 651 | 589 | 31 | 2 | 15 | 637 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Business combinations |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
| (269 | ) | | (24 | ) | (293 | ) | 2 | (23 | ) | 21 | (33 | ) | (33 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at end of the year |
(14,395 | ) | (1,220 | ) | (43 | ) | (125 | ) | (15,783 | ) | (16,563 | ) | (913 | ) | (60 | ) | (98 | ) | (17,634 | ) |
The benefit obligation arises from plans that are wholly unfunded and wholly or partly funded as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Unfunded obligations |
(297 | ) | (248 | ) | ||
Wholly or partly funded obligations |
(15,486 | ) | (17,386 | ) | ||
Total |
(15,783 | ) | (17,634 | ) |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
233 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
Change in plan assets
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year |
17,231 | 796 | | | 18,027 | 16,761 | 745 | | | 17,506 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
1,134 | 41 | | | 1,175 | 1,041 | 33 | | | 1,074 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Employer contribution |
336 | 71 | 2 | 9 | 418 | 355 | 34 | 2 | 15 | 406 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Settlements |
| (2 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Contributions by plan participants |
20 | 3 | | | 23 | 19 | 2 | | | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial loss |
(4,534 | ) | (121 | ) | | | (4,655 | ) | (332 | ) | (11 | ) | | | (343 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Benefits paid |
(598 | ) | (42 | ) | (2 | ) | (9 | ) | (651 | ) | (589 | ) | (31 | ) | (2 | ) | (15 | ) | (637 | ) | ||||||||||
Business combinations |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
(52 | ) | 213 | | | 161 | (24 | ) | 25 | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year |
13,537 | 959 | | | 14,496 | 17,231 | 796 | | | 18,027 |
Amounts recognised on balance sheet
The pension and post-retirement benefit assets and liabilities recognised on the balance sheet are as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | Pensions | Post-retirement benefits |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | UK £m |
Overseas £m |
UK £m |
Overseas £m |
£m | |||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at end of period |
(14,395 | ) | (1,220 | ) | (43 | ) | (125 | ) | (15,783 | ) | (16,563 | ) | (913 | ) | (60 | ) | (98 | ) | (17,634 | ) | ||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at end of period |
13,537 | 959 | | | 14,496 | 17,231 | 796 | | | 18,027 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net (deficit)/asset |
(858 | ) | (261 | ) | (43 | ) | (125 | ) | (1,287 | ) | 668 | (117 | ) | (60 | ) | (98 | ) | 393 | ||||||||||||
Unrecognised actuarial (gains)/losses |
(167 | ) | 150 | (11 | ) | 23 | (5 | ) | (1,912 | ) | 7 | (3 | ) | 14 | (1,894 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net recognised liability |
(1,025 | ) | (111 | ) | (54 | ) | (102 | ) | (1,292 | ) | (1,244 | ) | (110 | ) | (63 | ) | (84 | ) | (1,501 | ) | ||||||||||
Recognised assets |
| 65 | | | 65 | | 36 | | | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Recognised liability |
(1,025 | ) | (176 | ) | (54 | ) | (102 | ) | (1,357 | ) | (1,244 | ) | (146 | ) | (63 | ) | (84 | ) | (1,537 | ) | ||||||||||
Net recognised liability |
(1,025 | ) | (111 | ) | (54 | ) | (102 | ) | (1,292 | ) | (1,244 | ) | (110 | ) | (63 | ) | (84 | ) | (1,501 | ) |
The UKRF funded status, as measured using the IAS 19 assumptions, has decreased from a £0.7bn surplus at 31st December 2007 to a deficit of £0.9bn at 31st December 2008.
The assumptions used for the current year and prior year are detailed below. Among the reasons for this change were the large loss on the assets over the year and, to a lesser extent, a strengthening of the allowance made for future improvements in mortality. Offsetting these were the increase in AA long-term corporate bond yields which resulted in a higher discount rate of 6.75% (31st December 2007: 5.82%), a decrease in the inflation assumption to 3.16% (31st December 2007: 3.45%) and contributions paid.
Assumptions
Obligations arising under defined benefit schemes are actuarially valued using the projected unit credit method. Under this method, where a defined benefit scheme is closed to new members, such as in the case of the 1964 Pension Scheme, the current service cost expressed as a percentage of salary is expected to increase in the future, although this higher rate will be applied to a decreasing payroll. The latest actuarial IAS valuations were carried out as at 31st December using the following assumptions:
UK schemes | Overseas schemes | |||||||
2008 % p.a. |
2007 % p.a. |
2008 % p.a. |
2007 % p.a. | |||||
Discount rate |
6.75 | 5.82 | 7.09 | 7.51 | ||||
Rate of increase in salaries |
3.66 | 3.95 | 5.93 | 5.60 | ||||
Inflation rate |
3.16 | 3.45 | 3.98 | 4.13 | ||||
Rate of increase for pensions in payment |
3.06 | 3.45 | 3.17 | 3.55 | ||||
Rate of increase for pensions in deferment |
3.16 | 3.30 | 4.37 | 2.50 | ||||
Initial health care inflation |
8.00 | 8.00 | 9.00 | 10.00 | ||||
Long-term health care inflation |
5.00 | 5.00 | 5.01 | 5.01 | ||||
Expected return on plan assets |
6.80 | 6.70 | 7.95 | 7.84 |
234 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
Assumptions (continued)
The expected return on plan assets assumption is weighted on the basis of the fair value of these assets. Health care inflation assumptions are weighted on the basis of the health care cost for the period. All other assumptions are weighted on the basis of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the period.
The UK Schemes discount rate assumption is based on a liability-weighted rate derived from a AA corporate bond yield curve.
The overseas health care inflation assumptions relate to the US and Mauritius.
Mortality assumptions
The post-retirement mortality assumptions used in valuing the liabilities of the UKRF were based on the standard 2000 series tables as published by the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries. These tables are considered to be most relevant to the population of the UKRF based on their mortality history. These were then adjusted in line with the actual experience of the UKRFs own pensioners relative to the standard table. An allowance has been made for future mortality improvements based on the medium cohort projections published by the CMIB subject to a floor of 1% pa on future improvements. On this basis the post-retirement mortality assumptions for the UKRF includes:
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Longevity at 60 for current pensioners (years) |
||||||||||
Males |
27.4 | 26.7 | 25.8 | 25.8 | 25.7 | |||||
Females |
28.5 | 27.9 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 29.4 | |||||
Longevity at 60 for future pensioners currently aged 40 (years) |
||||||||||
Males |
29.5 | 28.0 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 27.0 | |||||
Females |
30.5 | 29.1 | 30.7 | 30.6 | 30.6 |
Sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity analysis for each of the principal assumptions used to measure the benefit obligation of the UKRF are as follows:
Impact on UKRF benefit obligation | ||||||
(Decrease)/ % |
(Decrease)/ £bn |
|||||
0.5% increase to: |
||||||
Discount rate |
(8.5 | ) | (1.2 | ) | ||
Rate of inflation |
8.8 | 1.3 | ||||
Rate of salary growth |
1.0 | 0.2 | ||||
1 year increase to longevity at 60 |
2.5 | 0.4 |
Post-retirement health care
A one percentage point change in assumed health care trend rates, assuming all other assumptions remain constant would have the following effects for 2008:
1% increase £m |
1% decrease £m |
||||
Effect on total of service and interest cost components |
1 | (1 | ) | ||
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation |
17 | (14 | ) |
Assets
A long-term strategy has been set for the asset allocation of the UKRF which comprises a mixture of equities, bonds, property and other appropriate assets. This recognises that different asset classes are likely to produce different long-term returns and some asset classes may be more volatile than others.
The long-term strategy ensures that investments are adequately diversified. Asset managers are permitted some flexibility to vary the asset allocation from the long-term strategy within control ranges agreed with the trustee from time to time.
The UKRF also employs derivative instruments, where appropriate, to achieve a desired exposure or return, or to match assets more closely to liabilities. The value of assets shown below reflects the actual physical assets held by the scheme, with any derivative holdings reflected on a mark to market basis. The expected return on asset assumptions, both for individual asset classes and overall, have been based on the portfolio of assets created after allowing for the net impact of the derivatives on the risk and return profile of the holdings.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
235 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
Assets (continued)
The value of the assets of the schemes, their percentage in relation to total scheme assets, and their expected rate of return at 31st December 2008 and 31st December 2007 were as follows:
2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
UK schemes | Overseas schemes | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % |
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % |
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % | |||||||||||||||
Equities |
5,813 | 43 | 8.5 | 217 | 23 | 9.3 | 6,030 | 42 | 8.5 | ||||||||||||||
Bonds |
6,360 | 47 | 5.3 | 166 | 17 | 6.2 | 6,526 | 45 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||
Property |
1,214 | 9 | 7.2 | 16 | 2 | 13.4 | 1,230 | 8 | 7.3 | ||||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(420 | ) | (3 | ) | | | | | (420 | ) | (3 | ) | | ||||||||||
Cash |
(131 | ) | (1 | ) | 2.0 | 415 | 43 | 7.6 | 284 | 2 | 3.9 | ||||||||||||
Other |
701 | 5 | 7.4 | 145 | 15 | 6.4 | 846 | 6 | 7.2 | ||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assetsa |
13,537 | 100 | 6.8 | 959 | 100 | 8.0 | 14,496 | 100 | 6.9 | ||||||||||||||
2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
UK schemes | Overseas schemes | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % |
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % |
Value £m |
% of total fair value of scheme assets |
Expected of return % | |||||||||||||||
Equities |
7,467 | 43 | 8.3 | 441 | 55 | 8.4 | 7,908 | 44 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||||
Bonds |
7,445 | 43 | 5.1 | 300 | 38 | 7.6 | 7,745 | 43 | 5.2 | ||||||||||||||
Property |
1,712 | 10 | 7.0 | 16 | 2 | 11.5 | 1,728 | 10 | 7.0 | ||||||||||||||
Derivatives |
(12 | ) | | | | | | (12 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Cash |
284 | 2 | 5.1 | 42 | 5 | 5.6 | 326 | 1 | 5.2 | ||||||||||||||
Other |
335 | 2 | 5.3 | (3 | ) | | | 332 | 2 | 5.4 | |||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assetsa |
17,231 | 100 | 6.7 | 796 | 100 | 7.8 | 18,027 | 100 | 6.8 |
The UKRF plan assets include £27m relating to UK private equity investments (2007: £39m) and £735m relating to overseas private equity investments (2007: £664m). These are disclosed within Equities.
Amounts included in the fair value of plan assets include £5m (2007: £6m) relating to shares in Barclays Group, £11m (2007: £6m) relating to bonds issued by the Barclays Group, £nil (2007: £nil) relating to other investments in the Barclays Group, and £17m (2007: £10m) relating to property occupied by Group companies.
The expected return on assets is determined by calculating a total return estimate based on weighted average estimated returns for each asset class. Asset class returns are estimated using current and projected economic and market factors such as inflation, credit spreads and equity risk premiums.
The Group actual return on plan assets was a decrease of £3,480m (2007: £731m increase.)
Note
a | Excludes £675m (2007: £782m) representing the money purchase assets of the UKRF. |
236 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
Actuarial gains and losses
The actuarial gains and losses arising on plan liabilities and plan assets are as follows:
UK schemes | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 £m |
|||||||||||
Present value of obligations |
(14,438 | ) | (16,623 | ) | (17,353 | ) | (18,252 | ) | (15,574 | ) | |||||
Fair value of plan assets |
13,537 | 17,231 | 16,761 | 15,571 | 13,261 | ||||||||||
Net (deficit)/surplus in the plans |
(901 | ) | 608 | (592 | ) | (2,681 | ) | (2,313 | ) | ||||||
Experience gains and (losses) on plan liabilities |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(81 | ) | (297 | ) | 48 | (2 | ) | 16 | |||||||
as percentage of plan liabilities |
(1% | ) | (2% | ) | | | | ||||||||
Difference between actual and expected return on plan assets |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(4,534 | ) | (332 | ) | 423 | 1,599 | 570 | ||||||||
as percentage of plan assets |
(33% | ) | (2% | ) | 3% | 10% | 4% | ||||||||
Overseas schemes | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 £m |
|||||||||||
Present value of obligations |
(1,345 | ) | (1,011 | ) | (970 | ) | (1,017 | ) | (587 | ) | |||||
Fair value of plan assets |
959 | 796 | 745 | 819 | 436 | ||||||||||
Net (deficit)/surplus in the plans |
(386 | ) | (215 | ) | (225 | ) | (198 | ) | (151 | ) | |||||
Experience losses on plan liabilities |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(96) | (79 | ) | (54 | ) | (2 | ) | (31 | ) | ||||||
as percentage of plan liabilities |
(7% | ) | (8% | ) | (6% | ) | | (5% | ) | ||||||
Difference between actual and expected return on plan assets |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(121 | ) | (11 | ) | 25 | 2 | 9 | ||||||||
as percentage of plan assets |
(13% | ) | | 3% | | 2% | |||||||||
Total UK and Overseas schemes | |||||||||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
2005 £m |
2004 £m |
|||||||||||
Present value of obligations |
(15,783 | ) | (17,634 | ) | (18,323 | ) | (19,269 | ) | (16,161 | ) | |||||
Fair value of plan assets |
14,496 | 18,027 | 17,506 | 16,390 | 13,697 | ||||||||||
Net (deficit)/surplus in the plans |
(1,287 | ) | 393 | (817 | ) | (2,879 | ) | (2,464 | ) | ||||||
Experience losses on plan liabilities |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(177 | ) | (376 | ) | (6 | ) | (4 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||
as percentage of plan liabilities |
(1% | ) | (2% | ) | | | | ||||||||
Difference between actual and expected return on plan assets |
|||||||||||||||
amount |
(4,655 | ) | (343 | ) | 448 | 1,601 | 579 | ||||||||
as percentage of plan assets |
(32% | ) | (2% | ) | 3% | 10% | 4% |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
237 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
30 Retirement benefit obligations (continued)
Funding
The most recent triennial funding valuation of the UK Retirement Fund was performed with an effective date of 30th September 2007. In compliance with the Pensions Act 2004, the Group and Trustee have agreed a scheme specific funding target, statement of funding principles, and a schedule of contributions. This agreement forms the basis of the Groups commitment that the fund has sufficient assets to make payments to members in respect of their accrued benefits as and when they fall due. This funding valuation uses a discount rate that reflects a prudent expectation of long-term future investment returns from the current and assumed future investment strategy, and takes into account projected future salary increases when assessing liabilities arising from accrued service.
As at 30th September 2007 the funding valuation showed a surplus of £0.2bn. The Scheme Actuary prepares an annual update of the funding position as at 30th September. The first annual update was carried out as at 30th September 2008 and showed a deficit of £2.2bn.
The Group has agreed funding contributions which, in aggregate, are no less than those which are sufficient to meet the Groups share of the cost of benefits accruing over each year. The Group has, in the recent past, chosen to make funding contributions in excess of this, more consistent with the IAS service cost.
Defined benefit contributions paid with respect to the UKRF were as follows:
£m | ||
Contributions paid |
||
2008 |
336 | |
2007 |
355 | |
2006 |
351 |
Excluding the UKRF, the Group is expected to pay contributions of approximately £2m to UK schemes and £53m to overseas schemes in 2009.
The total contribution to be paid in 2009 to the UKRF is not expected to be significantly different than in previous years.
31 Ordinary shares, share premium, and other equity
Ordinary shares and share premium
Number of m |
Ordinary shares £m |
Share premium £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
6,601 | 1,651 | 56 | 1,707 | ||||||||
Issued to staff under the Sharesave Share Option Scheme |
3 | 1 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||
Issued under the Incentive Share Option Plana |
1 | | 3 | 3 | ||||||||
Issued to staff under the Share Incentive Plana |
1 | | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Issue of new ordinary shares |
1,803 | 451 | 3,971 | 4,422 | ||||||||
Repurchase of shares |
(37 | ) | (10 | ) | | (10 | ) | |||||
At 31st December 2008 |
8,372 | 2,093 | 4,045 | 6,138 | ||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
6,535 | 1,634 | 5,818 | 7,452 | ||||||||
Issued to staff under the Sharesave Share Option Scheme |
19 | 6 | 62 | 68 | ||||||||
Issued under the Incentive Share Option Plan |
10 | 2 | 40 | 42 | ||||||||
Issued under the Executive Share Option Schemeb |
| | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Issued under the Woolwich Executive Share Option Planb |
| | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Transfer to retained earnings |
| | (7,223 | ) | (7,223 | ) | ||||||
Issue of new ordinary shares |
337 | 84 | 1,357 | 1,441 | ||||||||
Repurchase of shares |
(300 | ) | (75 | ) | | (75 | ) | |||||
At 31st December 2007 |
6,601 | 1,651 | 56 | 1,707 |
Note
a | The nominal value for share options issued during 2008 for the Incentive Share Option Plan and Share Incentive Plan was less than £500,000 in each case. |
b | The nominal value for share options issued during 2007 for the Executive Share Option Scheme and Woolwich Executive Share Option Plan was less than £500,000 in each case. |
238 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
31 Ordinary shares, share premium, and other equity (continued)
The authorised share capital of Barclays PLC is £3,540m, $77.5m, 40m and ¥4,000m. (31st December 2007: £2,500m) comprising 13,996 million (31st December 2007: 9,996 million) ordinary shares of 25p each, 0.4 million Sterling preference shares of £100 each, 0.4 million US Dollar preference shares of $100 each, 150 million US Dollar preference shares of $0.25 each, 0.4 million Euro preference shares of 100 each, 0.4 million Yen preference shares of ¥10,000 each and 1 million (31st December 2007: 1 million) staff shares of £1 each.
Called up share capital, allotted and fully paid | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
||||
Ordinary shares: |
||||||
At beginning of year |
1,650 | 1,633 | ||||
Issued to staff under the Sharesave Share Option Scheme |
1 | 6 | ||||
Issued under the Incentive Share Option Plan |
| 2 | ||||
Issue of new ordinary shares |
451 | 84 | ||||
Repurchase of shares |
(9 | ) | (75 | ) | ||
At end of year |
2,093 | 1,650 | ||||
Staff shares: |
||||||
At beginning of year |
1 | 1 | ||||
Repurchase of shares |
(1 | ) | | |||
At end of year |
| 1 | ||||
Total |
2,093 | 1,651 |
Issue of new ordinary shares
During the year, the following share issues took place:
On 4th July 2008, Barclays PLC raised approximately £500m (before issue costs) through the issue of 168.9 million new ordinary shares at £2.96 per share in a firm placing to Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation.
On 22nd July 2008, Barclays PLC raised approximately £3,969m (before issue costs) through the issue of 1,407.4 million new ordinary shares at £2.82 per share in a placing to Qatar Investment Authority, Challenger Universal Limited (a company representing the beneficial interests of His Excellency Sheikh Hamad Bin Jassim Bin Jabr Al-Thani, the Chairman of Qatar Holding LLC, and his family), China Development Bank, Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited and certain leading institutional shareholders and other investors, which shares were available for clawback in full by means of an open offer to existing shareholders. Valid applications under the open offer were received from qualifying shareholders in respect of approximately 267 million new ordinary shares in aggregate, representing 19.0 per cent. of the shares offered pursuant to the open offer. Accordingly, the remaining 1,140.3 million shares were allocated to the various investors with whom they had been conditionally placed.
On 18th September 2008, Barclays PLC raised approximately £701m (before issue costs) through the issue of 226 million new ordinary shares at £3.10 per share to certain institutional investors. The proceeds of the issuance, in excess of the nominal value and issue costs, of £634m were credited to retained earnings. This resulted from the operation of section 131 of the Companies Act 1985 with regard to the issue of shares by Barclays PLC in exchange for shares in Long Island Investments Jersey No. 1 Limited and the subsequent redemption of redeemable preference shares of that company for cash.
During the period from 27th November 2008 to 31st December 2008, 33,000 ordinary shares have been issued following conversion of Mandatorily Convertible Notes (see below) at the option of their holders.
Share repurchase
During the year Barclays PLC purchased in the market 36 million of its own ordinary shares of 25p each at a total cost of £173m. These transactions represent less than 0.5% of the issued share capital at 31st December 2008. These shares purchased during the period were open market transactions.
Barclays PLC purchased all of its staff shares in issue, following approval for such purchase being given at the 2008 Annual General Meeting, at a total cost of £1m.
At the 2008 AGM on 24th April, Barclays PLC was authorised to repurchase 984,960,000 of its ordinary shares of 25p. The authorisation is effective until the AGM in 2009.
Cancellation of share premium account
On 11th October 2007, the order of the High Court confirming the cancellation of £7,223m of the share premium account was registered with the Registrar of Companies. This created £7,223m of additional distributable reserves in Barclays PLC. The purpose of the cancellation of the share premium account was to create distributable profits in order to allow the payment of dividends following the completion of the share buy-back programme, the redemption of the preference shares which were to have been issued in connection with the proposed merger with ABN AMRO, and to provide maximum flexibility to manage the Groups capital resources.
Warrants
On 31st October 2008 Barclays PLC issued, in conjunction with a simultaneous issue of Reserve Capital Instruments, warrants to subscribe for up to 1516.9 million new ordinary shares at a price of £1.97775 to Qatar Holding and HH Sheikh Mansour Bin Zayed Al Nahyan. A fair value of £800m before transaction costs of £24m was attributed to the warrants, which may be exercised at any time up to close of business 31st October 2013.
The fair value (net of transaction costs) of the warrants have been included in retained earnings (see Note 32).
Shares under option
The Group has four schemes that give employees rights to subscribe for new shares in Barclays PLC. A summary of the key terms of each scheme are included in Note 45.
At 31st December 2008, 94.1 million (2007: 74.0 million) options were outstanding under the terms of the Sharesave Share Option Scheme (Sharesave), 0.5 million (2007: 1.4 million) options were outstanding under the terms of the Executive Share Option Scheme (ESOS), 0.4 million (2007: 0.5 million) options were outstanding under the terms of the Woolwich Executive Share Option Plan (Woolwich ESOP) and 20.5 million (2007: 20.5 million) options were outstanding under the terms of the Incentive Share Option Plan (ISOP), enabling certain Directors and members of staff to subscribe for ordinary shares between 2008 and 2016 at prices ranging from 144p to 551p.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
239 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
31 Ordinary shares, share premium, and other equity (continued)
In addition to the above, the independent trustee of the Barclays Group (ESAS) Employees Benefit Trust (ESAS Trust), established by Barclays Bank PLC in 1996, operates the Executive Share Award Scheme (ESAS). ESAS is a deferred share bonus plan for employees of the Group. The key terms of the ESAS are described in Note 45. The independent trustees of the ESAS Trust make awards of Barclays shares and grant options over Barclays shares to beneficiaries of the ESAS Trust. Beneficiaries of the ESAS Trust include employees and former employees of the Barclays Group.
The independent trustee of the Barclays Group (PSP and ESOS) Employees Benefit Trust (PSP Trust), established by Barclays Bank PLC in 1996, operates the Performance Share Plan (PSP) and may satisfy awards under the ESOS. No awards have been made under this trust since 1999. All awards are in the form of options over Barclays shares.
The Sharepurchase scheme which was established in 2002 is open to all eligible UK employees, including executive Directors. The key terms of the Sharepurchase scheme are described in Note 45.
Other equity Mandatorily Convertible Notes
On 27th November 2008, Barclays Bank PLC issued £4,050m of 9.75% Mandatorily Convertible Notes (MCNs) maturing on 30th September 2009 to Qatar Holding LLC, Challenger Universal Limited and entities representing the beneficial interests of HH Sheikh Mansour Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, a member of the Royal Family of Abu Dhabi and existing institutional shareholders and other institutional investors. If not converted at the holders option beforehand, these instruments mandatorily convert to ordinary shares of Barclays PLC on 30th June 2009. The conversion price is £1.53276, and, after taking into account MCNs that were converted on or before 31st December 2008, will result in the issue of 2,642 million new ordinary shares. Following conversion the relevant amounts will be credited to share capital and share premium.
Of the proceeds of the MCNs, £233m has been included in the Groups liabilities, being the fair value of the coupon before issue costs at the date of issue. The remaining proceeds are included in other equity and will be transferred to share capital and share premium on conversion in both the Barclays PLC Group and Company.
32 Reserves
Other reserves Barclays PLC Group
Capital £m |
Other capital reserve £m |
Available for sale reserve £m |
Cash flow hedging reserve £m |
Currency translation reserve £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
384 | 617 | 154 | 26 | (307 | ) | 874 | |||||||||
Net (losses)/gains from changes in fair value |
| | (1,736 | ) | 252 | | (1,484 | ) | ||||||||
Net (gains)/losses transferred to net profit |
| | (212 | ) | 19 | | (193 | ) | ||||||||
Currency translation differences |
| | | | 2,307 | 2,307 | ||||||||||
Losses transferred to net profit due to impairment |
| | 382 | | | 382 | ||||||||||
Changes in insurance liabilities |
| | 17 | | | 17 | ||||||||||
Net gains transferred to net profit due to fair value hedging |
| | (2 | ) | | | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Tax |
| | 207 | (165 | ) | 840 | 882 | |||||||||
Repurchase of shares |
10 | | | | | 10 | ||||||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
394 | 617 | (1,190 | ) | 132 | 2,840 | 2,793 |
Capital £m |
Other capital reserve £m |
Available for sale reserve £m |
Cash flow hedging reserve £m |
Currency translation reserve £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
At 1st January 2007 |
309 | 617 | 132 | (230 | ) | (438 | ) | 390 | ||||||||
Net gains from changes in fair value |
| | 480 | 182 | | 662 | ||||||||||
Net (gains)/losses transferred to net profit |
| | (560 | ) | 198 | | (362 | ) | ||||||||
Currency translation differences |
| | | | 29 | 29 | ||||||||||
Losses transferred to net profit due to impairment |
| | 13 | | | 13 | ||||||||||
Changes in insurance liabilities |
| | 22 | | | 22 | ||||||||||
Net losses transferred to net profit due to fair value hedging |
| | 68 | | | 68 | ||||||||||
Tax |
| | (1 | ) | (124 | ) | 102 | (23 | ) | |||||||
Repurchase of shares |
75 | | | | | 75 | ||||||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
384 | 617 | 154 | 26 | (307 | ) | 874 |
The capital redemption reserve and other capital reserve represent transfers from retained earnings in accordance with relevant legislation. These reserves are not distributable.
The available for sale reserve represents the unrealised change in the fair value of available for sale investments since initial recognition.
The cash flow hedging reserve represents the cumulative gains and losses on effective cash flow hedging instruments that will be recycled to the income statement when the hedged transactions affect profit or loss.
The currency translation reserve represents the cumulative gains and losses on the retranslation of the Groups net investment in foreign operations, net of the effects of hedging.
Transfers from cash flow hedging reserve
Gains and losses transferred from the cash flow hedging reserve were to: interest income: £4m loss (2007: £93m), interest expense: £74m loss (2007: £11m gain), net trading income: £119m gain (2007: £100m loss), and administration and general expenses: £60m loss (2007: £16m loss).
240 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
32 Reserves (continued)
Retained earnings and treasury shares Barclays PLC Group
Retained earnings £m |
Treasury shares £m |
Total £m |
|||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
20,970 | (260 | ) | 20,710 | |||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of the parent |
4,382 | | 4,382 | ||||||
Equity-settled share schemes |
463 | | 463 | ||||||
Tax on equity-settled share schemes |
(4 | ) | | (4 | ) | ||||
Other taxes |
(52 | ) | | (52 | ) | ||||
Net purchases of treasury shares |
| (350 | ) | (350 | ) | ||||
Transfer |
(437 | ) | 437 | | |||||
Dividends paid |
(2,344 | ) | | (2,344 | ) | ||||
Repurchase of shares |
(173 | ) | | (173 | ) | ||||
Arising on share issue |
634 | | 634 | ||||||
Issue of warrants |
776 | | 776 | ||||||
Other |
(7 | ) | | (7 | ) | ||||
At 31st December 2008 |
24,208 | (173 | ) | 24,035 | |||||
At 1st January 2007 |
12,169 | (212 | ) | 11,957 | |||||
Profit attributable to equity holders of the parent |
4,417 | | 4,417 | ||||||
Equity-settled share schemes |
567 | | 567 | ||||||
Tax on equity-settled share schemes |
28 | | 28 | ||||||
Net purchases of treasury shares |
| (572 | ) | (572 | ) | ||||
Transfer |
(524 | ) | 524 | | |||||
Dividends paid |
(2,079 | ) | | (2,079 | ) | ||||
Repurchase of shares |
(1,802 | ) | | (1,802 | ) | ||||
Transfer from share premium account |
7,223 | | 7,223 | ||||||
Arising on share issue |
941 | | 941 | ||||||
Other |
30 | | 30 | ||||||
At 31st December 2007 |
20,970 | (260 | ) | 20,710 |
The Treasury shares primarily relate to Barclays PLC shares held by employee benefit trusts in relation to the Executive Share Award Scheme, Performance Share Plan and Sharepurchase Scheme, to the extent that such shares have not been allocated to employees. These schemes are described in Note 45.
The total number of Barclays shares held in Group employee benefit trusts at 31st December 2008 was 217.9 million (2007: 211.4 million). Dividend rights have been waived on nil (2007: nil) of these shares. The total market value of the shares held in trust based on the year-end share price of £1.53 (2007: £5.04) was £333m (2007: £1,065m). As at 31st December 2008, options over 19.1 million (2007: 16.6 million) of the total shares held in the trusts were exercisable.
The Group operates in a number of countries subject to regulations under which a local subsidiary has to maintain a minimum level of capital. The current policy of the Group is that local capital requirements are met, as far as possible, by the retention of profit. Certain countries operate exchange control regulations which limit the amount of dividends that can be remitted to non-resident shareholders. It is not possible to determine the amount of profit retained and other reserves that are restricted by these regulations, but the net profit retained of overseas subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures at 31st December 2008 totalled £4,581m (2007: £7,311m). If such overseas reserves were to be remitted, other tax liabilities, which have not been provided for in the accounts, might arise.
Retained earnings Barclays PLC (Parent company)
Retained earnings £m |
Capital £m |
Total £m |
||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
8,990 | 384 | 9,374 | |||||
Profit after tax |
1,193 | | 1,193 | |||||
Dividends paid |
(2,414 | ) | | (2,414 | ) | |||
Arising on share issue |
634 | | 634 | |||||
Repurchase of shares |
(173 | ) | 10 | (163 | ) | |||
Issue of warrants |
776 | | 776 | |||||
At 31st December 2008 |
9,006 | 394 | 9,400 | |||||
At 1st January 2007 |
1,468 | 309 | 1,777 | |||||
Profit after tax |
3,289 | | 3,289 | |||||
Dividends paid |
(2,129 | ) | | (2,129 | ) | |||
Transfer from share premium account |
7,223 | | 7,223 | |||||
Arising on share issue |
941 | | 941 | |||||
Repurchase of shares |
(1,802 | ) | 75 | (1,727 | ) | |||
At 31st December 2007 |
8,990 | 384 | 9,374 |
Details of principal subsidiaries held through Barclays Bank PLC are shown in Note 41.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
241 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
33 Minority interests
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
At beginning of year |
9,185 | 7,591 | ||||
Share of profit after tax |
905 | 678 | ||||
Dividend and other payments |
(703 | ) | (480 | ) | ||
Equity issued by subsidiaries |
1,349 | 1,381 | ||||
Available for sale reserve: net (loss)/gain from changes in fair value |
(1 | ) | 1 | |||
Cash flow hedges: net gain/(loss) from changes in fair value |
76 | (16 | ) | |||
Currency translation differences |
100 | 25 | ||||
Additions |
| 27 | ||||
Disposals |
(11 | ) | (111 | ) | ||
Other |
(107 | ) | 89 | |||
At end of year |
10,793 | 9,185 |
During the year, Barclays Bank PLC issued the following Preference Shares:
106 million Preference Shares of nominal US$0.25 each (Principal amount: US$2,650m; £1,345m) with a 8.125% dividend issued on 11th April 2008 and 25th April 2008.
34 Contingent liabilities and commitments
Contingent liabilities and commitments
The following table summarises the nominal principal amount of contingent liabilities and commitments with off-balance sheet risk:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Acceptances and endorsements |
585 | 365 | ||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security |
15,652 | 12,973 | ||
Securities lending arrangements |
38,290 | 22,719 | ||
Other contingent liabilities |
11,783 | 9,717 | ||
Contingent liabilities |
66,310 | 45,774 | ||
Documentary credits and other short-term trade related transactions |
859 | 522 | ||
Undrawn note issuance and revolving underwriting facilities: |
||||
Forward asset purchases and forward deposits placed |
291 | 283 | ||
Standby facilities, credit lines and other |
259,666 | 191,834 | ||
Commitments |
260,816 | 192,639 |
Nature of instruments
In common with other banks, the Group conducts business involving acceptances, performance bonds and indemnities. The majority of these facilities are offset by corresponding obligations of third parties.
An acceptance is an undertaking by a bank to pay a bill of exchange drawn on a customer. The Group expects most acceptances to be presented, but reimbursement by the customer is normally immediate. Endorsements are residual liabilities of the Group in respect of bills of exchange, which have been paid and subsequently rediscounted.
Guarantees and letters of credit are given as security to support the performance of a customer to third parties. As the Group will only be required to meet these obligations in the event of the customers default, the cash requirements of these instruments are expected to be considerably below their nominal amounts.
The Group facilitates securities lending arrangements for its investment management clients whereby securities held by funds are lent to third parties. The borrowers provide the funds with collateral in the form of cash or other assets equal to at least 100% of the securities lent plus a margin of at least 2% up to 8%. Over the period of the loan, the funds may make margin calls to the extent that the collateral is less than the market value of the securities lent. Amounts disclosed above represent the total market value of the lent securities at 31st December 2008. The market value of collateral held by the funds was £39,690m (2007: £23,559m).
242 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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34 Contingent liabilities and commitments (continued)
Other contingent liabilities include transaction related customs and performance bonds and are, generally, short-term commitments to third parties which are not directly dependent on the customers creditworthiness.
Commitments to lend are agreements to lend to a customer in the future, subject to certain conditions. Such commitments are either made for a fixed period, or have no specific maturity but are cancellable by the lender subject to notice requirements.
Documentary credits commit the Group to make payments to third parties, on production of documents, which are usually reimbursed immediately by customers.
Capital commitments
At 31st December 2008 the commitments for capital expenditure under contract amounted to £48m (2007: £6m).
Assets pledged
Assets are pledged as collateral to secure liabilities under repurchase agreements, securitisations and stock lending agreements or as security deposits relating to derivatives. The disclosure includes any asset transfers associated with liabilities under repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions.
The following table summarises the nature and carrying amount of the assets pledged as security against these liabilities:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Trading portfolio assets |
81,186 | 76,226 | ||
Loans and advances |
28,789 | 32,846 | ||
Available for sale investments |
32,321 | 16,378 | ||
Other |
3,812 | 580 | ||
Assets pledged |
146,108 | 126,030 |
Collateral held as security for assets
Under certain transactions, including reverse repurchase agreements and stock borrowing transactions, the Group is allowed to resell or repledge the collateral held. The fair value at the balance sheet date of collateral accepted and repledged to others was as follows:
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Fair value of securities accepted as collateral |
424,819 | 343,986 | ||
Of which fair value of securities repledged / transferred to others |
374,222 | 269,157 |
35 Legal proceedings
Barclays has for some time been party to proceedings, including a class action, in the United States against a number of defendants following the collapse of Enron; the class action claim is commonly known as the Newby litigation. On 20th July 2006 Barclays received an Order from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas Houston Division which dismissed the claims against Barclays PLC, Barclays Bank PLC and Barclays Capital Inc. in the Newby litigation. On 4th December 2006 the Court stayed Barclays dismissal from the proceedings and allowed the plaintiffs to file a supplemental complaint. On 19th March 2007 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit issued its decision on an appeal by Barclays and two other financial institutions contesting a ruling by the District Court allowing the Newby litigation to proceed as a class action. The Court of Appeals held that because no proper claim against Barclays and the other financial institutions had been alleged by the plaintiffs, the case could not proceed against them. The plaintiffs applied to the United States Supreme Court for a review of this decision. On 22nd January 2008, the United States Supreme Court denied the plaintiffs request for review. Following the Supreme Courts decision, the District Court ordered a further briefing concerning the status of the plaintiffs claims. Barclays is seeking the dismissal of the plaintiffs claims. Barclays considers that the Enron related claims against it are without merit and is defending them vigorously. It is not possible to estimate Barclays possible loss in relation to these matters, nor the effect that they might have upon operating results in any particular financial period.
Like other UK financial services institutions, the Group faces numerous County Court claims and complaints by customers who allege that its unauthorised overdraft charges either contravene the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 (UTCCR) or are unenforceable penalties or both. In July 2007, by agreement with all parties, the OFT commenced proceedings against seven banks and one building society, including Barclays, to resolve the matter by way of a test case process. Preliminary issues hearings took place in January, July and December 2008 with judgments handed down in April and October 2008 and January 2009 (a further judgment not concerning Barclays terms). As to current terms, in April 2008 the Court held in favour of the banks on the issue of the penalty doctrine. The OFT did not appeal that decision. In the same judgment the Court held in favour of the OFT on the issue of the applicability of the UTCCR. The banks appealed that decision. As to past terms, in a judgment on 8th October 2008, the Court held that Barclays historic terms, including those of Woolwich, were not capable of being penalties. The OFT indicated at the January 2009 hearing that it was not seeking permission to appeal the Courts findings in relation to the applicability of the penalty doctrine to historic terms. Accordingly, it is now clear that no declarations have or will be made against Barclays that any of its unauthorised overdraft terms assessed in the test case constitute unenforceable penalties and that the OFT will not pursue this aspect of the test case further. The proceedings will now concentrate exclusively on UTCCR issues. The banks appeal against the decision in relation to the applicability of the UTCCR (to current and historic terms) took place at a hearing in late October 2008. On 26th February 2009 the Court of Appeal dismissed the banks appeal, holding, in a judgment of broad application, that the relevant charges were not exempt from the UTCCR. The banks will petition the House of Lords for leave to appeal the decision. It is likely that the proceedings will still take a significant period of time to conclude. Pending resolution of the test case process, existing and new claims in the County Courts remain stayed, and there is an FSA waiver of the complaints handling process (which is reviewable in July 2009) and a standstill of Financial Ombudsman Service decisions. The Group is defending the test case vigorously. It is not practicable to estimate the Groups possible loss in relation to these matters, nor the effect that they may have upon operating results in any particular financial period.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
243 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
35 Legal proceedings (continued)
Barclays is engaged in various other litigation proceedings both in the United Kingdom and a number of overseas jurisdictions, including the United States, involving claims by and against it which arise in the ordinary course of business. Barclays does not expect the ultimate resolution of any of the proceedings to which Barclays is party to have a significant adverse effect on the financial position of the Group and Barclays has not disclosed the contingent liabilities associated with these claims either because they cannot reasonably be estimated or because such disclosure could be prejudicial to the conduct of the claims.
36 Competition and regulatory matters
The scale of regulatory change remains challenging, arising in part from the implementation of some key European Union (EU) directives. Many changes to financial services legislation and regulation have come into force in recent years and further changes will take place in the near future. Concurrently, there is continuing political and regulatory scrutiny of the operation of the retail banking and consumer credit industries in the UK and elsewhere. The nature and impact of future changes in policies and regulatory action are not predictable and beyond the Groups control but could have an impact on the Groups businesses and earnings.
In September 2005, the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) received a super-complaint from the Citizens Advice Bureau relating to payment protection insurance (PPI). As a result, the OFT commenced a market study on PPI in April 2006. In October 2006 the OFT announced the outcome of the market study and the OFT referred the PPI market to the UK Competition Commission (CC) for an in-depth inquiry in February 2007. In June 2008, the CC published its provisional findings. The CC published its final report into the PPI market on 29th January 2009. The CCs conclusion is that the businesses which offer PPI alongside credit face little or no competition when selling PPI to their credit customers. The CC has set out a package of measures which it considers will introduce competition into the market (the Remedies). The Remedies, which are expected to be implemented (following consultation) in 2010, are: a ban on sale of PPI at the point of sale; a prohibition on the sale of single premium PPI; mandatory personal PPI quotes to customers; annual statements for all regular premium policies, including the back book (for example credit card and mortgage protection policies); measures to ensure that improved information is available to customers; obliging providers to give information to the OFT to monitor the Remedies and to provide claims ratios to any person on request. Barclays is reviewing the report and considering the next steps, including how this might affect the Groups different products.
In October 2006, the FSA published the outcome of its broad industry thematic review of PPI sales practices in which it concluded that some firms fail to treat customers fairly and that the FSA would strengthen its actions against such firms. Tackling poor PPI sales practices remains a priority for the FSA, with their most recent update on their thematic work published in September 2008. Barclays voluntarily complied with the FSAs request to cease selling single premium PPI by the end of January 2009. There has been no enforcement action against Barclays in respect of its PPI products. The Group has cooperated fully with these investigations into PPI and will continue to do so.
The OFT has carried out investigations into Visa and MasterCard credit card interchange rates. The decision by the OFT in the MasterCard interchange case was set aside by the Competition Appeals Tribunal in June 2006. The OFT is progressing its investigations in the Visa interchange case and a second MasterCard interchange case in parallel and both are ongoing. The outcome is not known but these investigations may have an impact on the consumer credit industry in general and therefore on the Groups business in this sector. In February 2007 the OFT announced that it was expanding its investigation into interchange rates to include debit cards.
In September 2006, the OFT announced that it had decided to undertake a fact find on the application of its statement on credit card fees to current account unauthorised overdraft fees. The fact find was completed in March 2007. On 29th March 2007, the OFT announced its decision to conduct a formal investigation into the fairness of bank current account charges. The OFT initiated a market study into personal current accounts (PCAs) in the UK on 26th April 2007. The studys focus was PCAs but it also included an examination of other retail banking products, in particular savings accounts, credit cards, personal loans and mortgages in order to take into account the competitive dynamics of UK retail banking. On 16th July 2008, the OFT published its market study report, in which it concluded that certain features of the UK PCA market were not working well for consumers. The OFT reached the provisional view that some form of regulatory intervention is necessary in the UK PCA market. On 16th July 2008, the OFT also announced a consultation to seek views on the findings and possible measures to address the issues raised in its report. The consultation period closed on 31st October 2008. The Group has participated fully in the market study process and will continue to do so.
US laws and regulations require compliance with US economic sanctions, administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, against designated foreign countries, nationals and others. HM Treasury regulations similarly require compliance with sanctions adopted by the UK government. The Group has been conducting an internal review of its conduct with respect to US Dollar payments involving countries, persons and entities subject to these sanctions and has been reporting to governmental authorities about the results of that review. The Group received inquiries relating to these sanctions and certain US Dollar payments processed by its New York branch from the New York County District Attorneys Office and the US Department of Justice, which along with other authorities, has been reported to be conducting investigations of sanctions compliance by non-US financial institutions. The Group has responded to those inquiries and is cooperating with the regulators, the Department of Justice and the District Attorneys Office in connection with their investigations of Barclays conduct with respect to sanctions compliance. Barclays has also received a formal notice of investigation from the FSA, and has been keeping the FSA informed of the progress of the US investigations and Barclays internal review. Barclays review is ongoing. It is currently not possible to predict the ultimate resolution of the issues covered by Barclays review and the investigations, including the timing and potential financial impact of any resolution, which could be substantial.
The Financial Services Compensation Scheme provides compensation to customers of financial institutions in the event that an institution is unable, or is likely to be unable, to pay claims against it. During the year, a number of institutions, including Bradford & Bingley plc, Heritable Bank plc, Kaupthing Singer & Friedlander Limited, Landsbanki Icesave, and London Scottish Bank plc, were declared in default by the FSA. In order to meet its obligations to the depositors of these institutions, the FSCS has borrowed £19.7 billion from HM Treasury, which is on an interest only basis until September 2011. These borrowings are anticipated to be repaid wholly or substantially from the realisation of the assets of the above named institutions. The FSCS raises annual levies from the banking industry to meet its management expenses and compensation costs. Individual institutions make payments based on their level of market participation (in the case of deposits, the proportion that their protected deposits represent of total market protected deposits) at 31st December each year. If an institution is a market participant on this date it is obligated to pay a levy. Barclays Bank PLC was a market participant at 31st December 2007 and 2008. The Group has accrued £101m for its share of levies that will be raised by the FSCS including the interest on the loan from HM Treasury in respect of the levy years to 31st March 2010. The accrual includes estimates for the interest FSCS will pay on the loan and estimates of Barclays market participation in the relevant periods. Interest will continue to accrue on the HM Treasury loan to the FSCS until September 2011 and will form part of future FSCS management expenses levies. If the assets of the defaulting institutions are insufficient to repay the HM Treasury loan in 2011, the FSCS will agree a schedule of repayments with HM Treasury, which will be recouped from the industry in the form of additional levies. At the date of these financial statements, it is not possible to estimate whether there will ultimately be additional levies on the industry, the level of Barclays market participation or other factors that may affect the amounts or timing of amounts that may ultimately become payable, nor the effect that such levies may have upon operating results in any particular financial period.
244 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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37 Leasing
The Group is both lessor and lessee under finance and operating leases, providing asset financing for its customers and leasing assets for its own use. In addition, assets leased by the Group may be sublet to other parties. An analysis of the impact of these transactions on the Group balance sheet and income statement is as follows:
(a) As Lessor
Finance lease receivables
The Group specialises in asset-based lending and works with a broad range of international technology, industrial equipment and commercial companies to provide customised finance programmes to assist manufacturers, dealers and distributors of assets.
Finance lease receivables are included within loans and advances to customers.
The Groups net investment in finance lease receivables was as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Gross investment in finance lease receivables £m |
Future finance income £m |
Present value of £m |
Unguaranteed £m |
Gross investment in finance lease receivables £m |
Future finance income £m |
Present value of £m |
Unguaranteed £m | |||||||||||
Not more than one year | 3,929 | (689 | ) | 3,240 | 149 | 3,657 | (780 | ) | 2,877 | 213 | ||||||||
Over one year but not more than five years | 8,668 | (1,673 | ) | 6,995 | 355 | 7,385 | (1,613 | ) | 5,772 | 374 | ||||||||
Over five years |
3,419 | (768 | ) | 2,651 | 25 | 3,476 | (935 | ) | 2,541 | 14 | ||||||||
Total |
16,016 | (3,130 | ) | 12,886 | 529 | 14,518 | (3,328 | ) | 11,190 | 601 |
The allowance for uncollectable finance lease receivables included in the allowance for impairment amounted to £189m at 31st December 2008 (2007: £113m).
Operating lease receivables
The Group acts as lessor, whereby items of plant and equipment are purchased and then leased to third parties under arrangements qualifying as operating leases. The items purchased to satisfy these leases are treated as plant and equipment in the Groups financial statements and are generally disposed of at the end of the lease term (see Note 23).
The future minimum lease payments expected to be received under non-cancellable operating leases at 31st December 2008 were as follows:
2008 Plant and |
2007 Plant and equipment £m | |||
Not more than one year |
80 | 29 | ||
Over one year but not more than two years |
42 | 24 | ||
Over two years but not more than three years |
36 | 22 | ||
Over three years but not more than four years |
24 | 20 | ||
Over four years but not more than five years |
13 | 11 | ||
Over five years |
39 | 10 | ||
Total |
234 | 116 |
(b) As Lessee
Finance lease commitments
The Group leases items of property, plant and equipment on terms that meet the definition of finance leases. Finance lease commitments are included within other liabilities (see Note 25).
Obligations under finance leases were as follows:
2008 Total future minimum payments £m |
2007 Total future minimum payments £m | |||
Not more than one year |
35 | 12 | ||
Over one year but not more than two years |
13 | 14 | ||
Over two years but not more than three years |
14 | 13 | ||
Over three years but not more than four years |
17 | 12 | ||
Over four years but not more than five years |
14 | 15 | ||
Over five years |
3 | 17 | ||
Net obligations under finance leases |
96 | 83 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
245 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
37 Leasing (continued)
The carrying amount of assets held under finance leases at the balance sheet date was:
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Cost |
87 | 94 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation |
(67 | ) | (24 | ) | ||
Net book value |
20 | 70 |
Operating lease commitments
The Group leases various offices, branches and other premises under non-cancellable operating lease arrangements. The leases have various terms, escalation and renewal rights. There are no contingent rents payable. The Group also leases equipment under non-cancellable lease arrangements.
Where the Group is the lessee the future minimum lease payment under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Property £m |
Equipment £m |
Property £m |
Equipment £m | |||||
Not more than one year |
275 | 5 | 191 | 6 | ||||
Over one year but not more than two years |
354 | 1 | 396 | 1 | ||||
Over two years but not more than three years |
334 | 1 | 357 | 1 | ||||
Over three years but not more than four years |
315 | | 323 | | ||||
Over four years but not more than five years |
465 | 5 | 287 | | ||||
Over five years |
2,744 | 1 | 2,225 | | ||||
Total |
4,487 | 13 | 3,779 | 8 |
The total of future minimum sublease payments to be received under non-cancellable subleases at the balance sheet date is £158m (2007: £167m).
38 Disposals
The Group made the following material disposals in 2008:
% Disposal | Date | |||
Barclays Life Assurance Limited |
100 | 31/10/08 |
2008 £m |
|||
Total disposal consideration |
762 | ||
Costs associated with disposal |
(33 | ) | |
Net assets disposed |
(403 | ) | |
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries |
326 | ||
Total disposal consideration |
762 | ||
Costs associated with disposal |
(7 | ) | |
Repayment of loan on disposal |
(386 | ) | |
Cash and cash equivalents disposed of |
(131 | ) | |
Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed |
238 | ||
Cash received in respect of disposal of ownership in BGI UK Holdings Limited through the exercise of options under the BGI EOP scheme |
19 | ||
Decrease in investment in subsidiaries |
19 |
246 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
39 Acquisitions
The Group made the following material acquisitions in 2008:
Acquisition date |
Gains on acquisitions £m |
Goodwill £m | ||||||
Lehman Brothers North American businesses |
(a) | 22nd September 2008 | 2,262 | | ||||
Macquarie Bank Limited residential mortgage businesses |
(b) | 6th November 2008 | 52 | | ||||
Goldfish credit card UK businesses |
(b) | 31st March 2008 | 92 | | ||||
Expobank (100% of ordinary shares) |
(c) | 1st July 2008 | | 243 | ||||
Gains on acquisitions |
2,406 |
(a) Lehman Brothers North American businesses
On 22nd September 2008, the Group completed the acquisition of Lehman Brothers North American businesses.
The assets and liabilities of Lehman Brothers North American businesses after the acquisition, details of the purchase price and the gain on acquisition arising were as follows:
Fair values £m |
|||
Assets |
|||
Cash and balances at central banks |
861 | ||
Trading portfolio assets |
23,837 | ||
Loans and advances to customers |
3,642 | ||
Available-for-sale financial investments |
1,948 | ||
Other assets |
41 | ||
Intangible assets a |
888 | ||
Property, plant and equipment |
886 | ||
Deferred tax asset |
229 | ||
Total assets |
32,332 | ||
Liabilities |
|||
Customer accounts |
2,459 | ||
Derivative financial instruments |
599 | ||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
24,409 | ||
Other liabilities |
1,049 | ||
Deferred tax liabilities |
517 | ||
Total liabilities |
29,033 | ||
Net assets acquired (excludes Obligation to be settled in shares) |
3,299 | ||
Obligation to be settled in shares b |
(163 | ) | |
Acquisition cost |
|||
Cash paid |
834 | ||
Attributable costs |
40 | ||
Total consideration |
874 | ||
Gain on acquisition |
2,262 |
The acquired assets and liabilities summarised in the table above do not represent the entire balance sheet of Lehman Brothers North American businesses, or of discrete business lines within those operations. For this reason it is not practical to reliably determine the carrying amount of the assets and liabilities in the pre-acquisition books and records of Lehman Brothers.
Notes
a | Intangible assets included an amount of £636m relating to customer lists. |
b | Under the terms of the acquisition, the Group assumed an obligation to make payments to employees of the acquired business in respect of their pre-acquisition service provided to Lehman Brothers. This amount represents the equity-settled portion of that obligation and is recognised as a component of shareholders equity. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
247 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
39 Acquisitions (continued)
Certain assets were received subsequent to the acquisition date, since it was first necessary to agree their status as assets of the Group with the relevant regulators, custodians, trustees, exchanges and bankruptcy courts. Such assets were initially classified within loans and advances. Once they were received, the related receivable was derecognised and the resulting asset recognised within the appropriate balance sheet category. In the table such assets are classified accordingly.
The initial accounting for the acquisition has been determined only provisionally. Any revisions to fair values that result from the conclusion of the acquisition process with respect to assets not yet received by the Group will be recognised as an adjustment to the initial accounting. Any such revisions must be effected within 12 months of the acquisition date and would result in a restatement of the 2008 income statement and balance sheet.
The excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over consideration paid resulted in £2,262m of gain on acquisition.
It is impracticable to disclose the profit or loss of the acquired Lehman Brothers North American businesses since the acquisition date. The acquired business has been integrated into the corresponding existing business lines and there is no reliable basis for allocating post-acquisition results between the acquirer and the acquiree. Similarly, it is impracticable to disclose the revenue and profit or loss of the combined entity as though the acquisition date had been 1st January 2008. Only parts of Lehman Brothers US and Canadian businesses, and specified assets and liabilities, were acquired. There is no reliable basis for identifying the proportion of the pre-acquisition results of Lehman Brothers that relates to the business acquired by the Group.
(b) Macquarie Bank Limited Italian residential mortgage businesses and Goldfish credit card UK businesses
On 6th November 2008, the Group purchased the Italian residential mortgage businesses of Macquarie Bank Limited.
On 31st March 2008, the Group completed the acquisition of Discovers UK credit card businesses, Goldfish.
The assets and liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited Italian residential mortgage businesses and Goldfish credit card UK businesses before and after the acquisition, details of the purchase price and gains on acquisitions arising were as follows:
Macquarie Bank businesses | Goldfish credit card UK businesses | |||||||||||||
Carrying value pre-acquisition £m |
Fair value adjustments £m |
Fair values £m |
Carrying value pre-acquisition £m |
Fair value adjustments £m |
Fair values £m | |||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
3 | | 3 | 172 | | 172 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
| | | 8 | | 8 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
833 | (20 | ) | 813 | 1,900 | (34 | ) | 1,866 | ||||||
Other assets |
| | | 39 | (1 | ) | 38 | |||||||
Intangible assets |
| | | | 32 | 32 | ||||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
1 | | 1 | 39 | 1 | 40 | ||||||||
Deferred tax asset |
| | | | 12 | 12 | ||||||||
Total assets |
837 | (20) | 817 | 2,158 | 10 | 2,168 | ||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||||
Long- and short-term borrowings |
| | | 1,974 | | 1,974 | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
| | | 55 | | 55 | ||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
| | | | 9 | 9 | ||||||||
Total liabilities |
| | | 2,029 | 9 | 2,038 | ||||||||
Net assets acquired |
837 | (20) | 817 | 129 | 1 | 130 | ||||||||
Acquisition cost |
||||||||||||||
Cash paid |
765 | 35 | ||||||||||||
Attributable costs |
| 3 | ||||||||||||
Total consideration |
765 | 38 | ||||||||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
52 | 92 |
The contribution to the consolidated profit before tax of the acquired businesses in the table above for the period from the acquisition date to 31st December 2008 is £1m loss for Macquarie Bank Limited businesses and £40m profit for the Goldfish credit card UK businesses.
The excess remaining after the reassessment of the acquirees identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities which has been recognised within the consolidated income statement as a gain on acquisition is £52m for Macquarie Bank Limited businesses and £92m for Goldfish credit card UK businesses.
248 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
39 Acquisitions (continued)
(c) Expobank
On 1st July 2008, the Group acquired 100% of the ordinary shares of Expobank, a Russian bank.
The assets and liabilities of the Russian bank, Expobank before and after the acquisition, details of the purchase price and the goodwill arising were as follows:
Carrying value pre-acquisition |
Fair value adjustments £m |
Fair values £m | ||||
Assets |
||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
73 | | 73 | |||
Trading portfolio assets |
52 | | 52 | |||
Loans and advances to customers |
446 | 5 | 451 | |||
Other assets |
9 | | 9 | |||
Intangible assets |
| 45 | 45 | |||
Property, plant and equipment |
28 | | 28 | |||
Total assets |
608 | 50 | 658 | |||
Liabilities |
||||||
Deposits from banks |
71 | | 71 | |||
Customer accounts |
318 | | 318 | |||
Debt securities in issue |
103 | | 103 | |||
Other liabilities |
16 | | 16 | |||
Total liabilities |
508 | | 508 | |||
Net assets acquired |
100 | 50 | 150 | |||
Goodwill |
243 | |||||
Total |
393 | |||||
Acquisition cost |
||||||
Cash paid |
386 | |||||
Attributable costs |
7 | |||||
Total consideration |
393 |
The excess of proceeds over the net assets acquired has generated goodwill of £243m and is attributable to the operational synergies and earnings potential expected to be realised over the longer term.
The results of the businesss operations have been included from 1st July 2008 and contributed £13m loss to the consolidated profit before tax.
Cash outflows in respect of acquisitions
The aggregate net outflow of cash from the acquisition of the above Group businesses and entities was as follows:
2008 £m |
|||
Cash consideration on acquisitions |
2,070 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents acquired |
(1,109 | ) | |
Cash outflow on acquisition |
961 | ||
Cash paid in respect of acquisition of shares in Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited |
157 | ||
Increase in investment in subsidiaries |
157 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
249 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
40 Investment in subsidiaries
The investment in Barclays Bank PLC is stated in the balance sheet of Barclays PLC at a cost of £15,340m (2007: £10,186m). The increase of £5,154m (2007: £1,545m) during the year represents the cost of additional shares of £16m (2007: £111m), capital contributions of £4,362m (2007: £1,434m), and a non-cash capital contribution of £776m.
The investment in Barclays Investments (Netherlands) N.V. was liquidated in September 2008. The investment was stated in the balance sheet of Barclays PLC at a cost of £205m in 2007.
The investment in Odysseus Jersey (No. 1) Limited was liquidated in September 2008. The investment was stated in the balance sheet of Barclays PLC at a cost of £0.1m in 2007.
41 Principal subsidiaries
Country of registration or incorporation |
Company name | Nature of business | Percentage of equity capital held % |
||||
Botswana |
Barclays Bank of Botswana Limited |
Banking |
74.9 | ||||
Egypt |
Barclays Bank Egypt SAE |
Banking |
100 | ||||
England |
Barclays Bank PLC |
Banking, holding company |
100 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Mercantile Business Finance Limited |
Loans and advances including leases to customers |
100 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited |
Holding company |
95.5 | ||||
England |
Barclays Global Investors Limited |
Investment management |
95.5 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Bank Trust Company Limited |
Banking, securities industries and trust services |
100 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Stockbrokers Limited |
Stockbroking |
100 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Capital Securities Limited |
Securities dealing |
100 | * | |||
England |
Barclays Global Investors Pensions Management Limited |
Investment management |
95.5 | * | |||
England |
FIRSTPLUS Financial Group PLC |
Secured loan provider |
100 | ||||
England |
Gerrard Investment Management Limited |
Investment management |
100 | * | |||
Ghana |
Barclays Bank of Ghana Limited |
Banking |
100 | ||||
Ireland |
Barclays Insurance (Dublin) Limited |
Insurance provider |
100 | * | |||
Ireland |
Barclays Assurance (Dublin) Limited |
Insurance provider |
100 | * | |||
Isle of Man |
Barclays Private Clients International Limited a |
Banking |
100 | * | |||
Japan |
Barclays Capital Japan Limited |
Securities dealing |
100 | * | |||
Jersey |
Barclays Private Bank & Trust Limited |
Banking, trust company |
100 | * | |||
Kenya |
Barclays Bank of Kenya Limited |
Banking |
68.5 | ||||
Russia |
Barclays Bank LLC |
Banking |
100 | * | |||
South Africa |
Absa Group Limited |
Banking |
58.6 | ||||
Spain |
Barclays Bank SA |
Banking |
99.7 | ||||
Switzerland |
Barclays Bank (Suisse) S.A. |
Banking and trust services |
100 | ||||
USA |
Barclays Capital Inc. |
Securities dealing |
100 | * | |||
USA |
Barclays Financial Corporation |
Holding company for US credit card issuer |
100 | * | |||
USA |
Barclays Global Investors, National Association |
Investment management and securities industry |
95.5 | * | |||
USA |
Barclays Group USA Inc. |
Holding company |
100 | ||||
Zimbabwe |
Barclays Bank of Zimbabwe Limited |
Banking |
67.8 | * |
In accordance with Section 231(5) of the Companies Act 1985, the above information is provided solely in relation to principal subsidiaries.
The country of registration or incorporation is also the principal area of operation of each of the above subsidiaries. Investments in these subsidiaries are held directly by Barclays Bank PLC except where marked *.
Full information of all subsidiaries will be included in the Annual Return to be filed at Companies House.
Note
a | BBPLC is the beneficial owner of 38.1% of shares and Barclays Holdings (Isle of Man) Limited is the beneficial owner of 61.9% of shares. |
250 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
42 Other entities
There are a number of entities that do not qualify as subsidiaries under UK Law but which are consolidated when the substance of the relationship between the Group and the entity (usually a Special Purpose Entity (SPE)) indicates that the entity is controlled by the Group. Such entities are deemed to be controlled by the Group when relationships with such entities gives rise to benefits that are in substance no different from those that would arise were the entity a subsidiary.
The consolidation of such entities may be appropriate in a number of situations, but primarily when:
| the operating and financial policies of the entity are closely defined from the outset (i.e. it operates on an autopilot basis) with such policies being largely determined by the Group; |
| the Group has rights to obtain the majority of the benefits of the entity and/or retains the majority of the residual or ownership risks related to the entity; or |
| the activities of the entity are being conducted largely on behalf of the Group according to its specific business objectives. |
Such entities are created for a variety of purposes including securitisation, structuring, asset realisation, intermediation and management.
Entities may have a different reporting date from that of the parent of 31st December. Dates may differ for a variety of reasons including local reporting regulations or tax laws. In accordance with our accounting policies, for the purpose of inclusion in the consolidated financial statements of Barclays PLC, entities with different reporting dates are made up until 31st December.
Entities may have restrictions placed on their ability to transfer funds, including payment of dividends and repayment of loans, to their parent entity. Reasons for the restrictions include:
| Central bank restrictions relating to local exchange control laws. |
| Central bank capital adequacy requirements. |
| Company law restrictions relating to treatment of the entities as going concerns. |
Although the Groups interest in the equity voting rights in certain entities exceeds 50%, or it may have the power to appoint a majority of their Boards of Directors, they are excluded from consolidation because the Group either does not direct the financial and operating policies of these entities, or on the grounds that another entity has a superior economic interest in them. Consequently, these entities are not deemed to be controlled by Barclays.
The table below includes information in relation to such entities as required by the Companies Act 1985, Section 231(5).
Country of registration or incorporation |
Name | Percentage of % |
Equity share- holders funds £m |
Retained loss for the year £m |
||||||
UK |
Oak Dedicated Limited |
100 | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
UK |
Oak Dedicated Two Limited |
100 | (4 | ) | | |||||
UK |
Oak Dedicated Three Limited |
100 | 1 | | ||||||
UK |
Fitzroy Finance Limited |
100 | | | ||||||
Cayman Islands |
St James Fleet Investments Two Limited |
100 | 2 | | ||||||
Cayman Islands |
BNY BT NewCo Limited |
| | |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
251 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
43 Related party transactions and Directors remuneration
(a) Related party transactions
Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial or operation decisions, or one other party controls both. The definition includes subsidiaries, associates, joint ventures and the Groups pension schemes, as well as other persons.
Subsidiaries
Transactions between Barclays PLC and subsidiaries also meet the definition of related party transactions. Where these are eliminated on consolidation, they are not disclosed in the Group financial statements. Transactions between Barclays PLC and its subsidiary, Barclays Bank PLC are fully disclosed directly in its balance sheet and income statement. A list of the Groups principal subsidiaries is shown in Note 41.
Associates, joint ventures and other entities
The Group provides banking services to its associates, joint ventures, the Group pension funds (principally the UK Retirement Fund) and to entities under common directorships, providing loans, overdrafts, interest and non-interest bearing deposits and current accounts to these entities as well as other services. Group companies, principally within Barclays Global Investors, also provide investment management and custodian services to the Group pension schemes. The Group also provides banking services for unit trusts and investment funds managed by Group companies and are not individually material. All of these transactions are conducted on the same terms as third-party transactions.
Amounts included in the accounts, in aggregate, by category of related party entity are as follows:
For the year ended and as at 31st December 2008 | ||||||||||||||
Associates £m |
Joint ventures £m |
Entities under common directorships £m |
Pension £m |
Total £m |
||||||||||
Income statement: |
||||||||||||||
Interest received |
| 105 | 3 | | 108 | |||||||||
Interest paid |
| (73 | ) | | | (73 | ) | |||||||
Fees received for services rendered (including investment management and custody and commissions) | | 15 | | 5 | 20 | |||||||||
Fees paid for services provided |
(44 | ) | (146 | ) | | | (190 | ) | ||||||
Principal transactions |
8 | 59 | 60 | (25 | ) | 102 | ||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks and customers |
110 | 954 | 34 | | 1,098 | |||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| 9 | 311 | 15 | 335 | |||||||||
Other assets |
67 | 276 | | 3 | 346 | |||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||
Deposits from banks |
| 592 | | | 592 | |||||||||
Customer accounts |
| 167 | 74 | 10 | 251 | |||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| | 111 | 41 | 152 | |||||||||
Other liabilities |
3 | 18 | | 28 | 49 |
252 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
43 Related party transactions and Directors remuneration (continued)
For the year ended and as at 31st December 2007a | ||||||||||||||
Associates £m |
Joint ventures £m |
Entities £m |
Pension £m |
Total £m |
||||||||||
Income statement: |
||||||||||||||
Interest received |
5 | 88 | 1 | | 94 | |||||||||
Interest paid |
(1 | ) | (58 | ) | (1 | ) | | (60 | ) | |||||
Fees received for services rendered (including investment management and custody and commissions) | 1 | 34 | | 26 | 61 | |||||||||
Fees paid for services provided |
(52 | ) | (78 | ) | | | (130 | ) | ||||||
Principal transactions |
(27 | ) | 45 | (16 | ) | | 2 | |||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks and customers |
142 | 1,285 | 40 | | 1,467 | |||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| 4 | 36 | | 40 | |||||||||
Other assets |
213 | 106 | | 14 | 333 | |||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||
Deposits from banks |
11 | | | | 11 | |||||||||
Customer accounts |
| 61 | 33 | 12 | 106 | |||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| 10 | 50 | | 60 | |||||||||
Other liabilities |
4 | 125 | | | 129 |
For the year ended and as at 31st December 2006a | |||||||||||||||
Associates £m |
Joint ventures £m |
Entities under common directorships £m |
Pension £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
Income statement: |
|||||||||||||||
Interest received |
45 | 38 | | 2 | 85 | ||||||||||
Interest paid |
(31 | ) | (57 | ) | | | (88 | ) | |||||||
Fees received for services rendered (including investment management and custody and commissions) | 14 | 7 | | 28 | 49 | ||||||||||
Fees paid for services provided |
(115 | ) | (51 | ) | | (1 | ) | (167 | ) | ||||||
Principal transactions |
3 | | (2 | ) | | 1 | |||||||||
Assets: |
|||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks and customers |
784 | 146 | 65 | | 995 | ||||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| | | | | ||||||||||
Other assets |
19 | 3 | | 17 | 39 | ||||||||||
Liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||
Deposits from banks |
9 | | | 3 | 12 | ||||||||||
Customer accounts |
19 | 18 | 5 | 34 | 76 | ||||||||||
Derivative transactions |
| | 2 | | 2 | ||||||||||
Other liabilities |
13 | 8 | | | 21 |
No guarantees, pledges or commitments have been given or received in respect of these transactions in 2008, 2007 or 2006.
Derivatives transacted on behalf of the Pensions Funds Unit Trusts and Investment Funds amounted to £318m (2007: £22m, 2006: £1,209m).
In 2008 Barclays paid £12m (2007: £18m) of its charitable donations through the Charities Aid Foundation, a registered charitable organisation, in which a Director of the Company is a Trustee.
Note
a | The amounts reported in prior periods have been restated to reflect new related parties. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
253 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
43 Related party transactions and Directors remuneration (continued)
Key Management Personnel
The Groups Key Management Personnel, and persons connected with them, are also considered to be related parties for disclosure purposes. Key Management Personnel are defined as those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of Barclays PLC (directly or indirectly) and comprise the Directors of Barclays PLC and the Officers of the Group, certain direct reports of the Group Chief Executive and the heads of major business units.
In the ordinary course of business, the Bank makes loans to companies where a Director or other member of Key Management Personnel (or any connected person) is also a Director or other member of Key Management Personnel (or any connected person) of Barclays.
There were no material related party transactions with companies where a Director or other member of Key Management Personnel (or any connected person) is also a Director or other member of Key Management Personnel (or any connected person) of Barclays.
The Group provides banking services to Directors and other Key Management Personnel and persons connected to them. Transactions during the year and the balances outstanding at 31st December 2008 were as follows:
Directors, other Key Management Personnel and connected persons |
|||||||||
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| ||||
Loans outstanding at 1st January |
7.4 | 7.8 | 7.4 | ||||||
Loans issued during the year |
6.9 | 2.7 | 2.7 | ||||||
Loan repayments during the year |
(5.5 | ) | (3.2 | ) | (2.3 | ) | |||
Loans outstanding at 31st December |
8.8 | 7.3 | 7.8 | ||||||
Interest income earned |
0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||||||
No allowances for impairment were recognised in respect of loans to Directors or other members of Key Management Personnel (or any connected person) in 2008, 2007 or 2006.
|
| ||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Deposits outstanding at 1st January |
8.9 | 15.0 | 4.7 | ||||||
Deposits received during the year |
235.7 | 114.4 | 105.2 | ||||||
Deposits repaid during the year |
(221.9 | ) | (115.0 | ) | (94.8 | ) | |||
Deposits outstanding at 31st December |
22.7 | 14.4 | 15.1 | ||||||
Interest expense on deposits |
0.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 |
Of the loans outstanding above, £1.6m (2007: £nil, 2006: £nil) relates to Directors and other Key Management Personnel (and persons connected to them) that left the Group during the year. Of the deposits outstanding above, £6.1m (2007: £2.8m, 2006: £0.1m) related to Directors and other Key Management Personnel (and persons connected to them) that left the Group during the year.
All loans are provided on normal commercial terms to Directors and other Key Management Personnel (and persons connected to them), with the exception of £692 of loans which are provided on an interest free basis.
The loans of £692 provided on an interest free basis relate to the granting of loans to one non-Director member of Barclays key management to purchase commuter rail tickets. The commuter rail ticket loans are still provided to all Barclays staff members upon request on the same terms.
All loans to Directors and other key management personnel (a) were made in the ordinary course of business, (b) were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with other persons and (c) did not involve more than a normal risk of collectability or present other unfavourable features.
254 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
43 Related party transactions and Directors remuneration (continued)
Remuneration of Directors and other Key Management Personnel
Directors, other Key Management | ||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Salaries and other short-term benefits |
10.7 | 23.7 | 34.2 | |||
Pension costs |
0.9 | 1.1 | 0.8 | |||
Other long-term benefits |
1.6 | 9.2 | 9.3 | |||
Termination benefits |
| | 1.4 | |||
Share-based payments |
11.8 | 31.7 | 27.2 | |||
Employer social security charges on emoluments |
2.7 | 7.8 | 10.0 | |||
27.7 |
73.5 | 82.9 |
(b) Disclosure required by the Companies Act 1985
The following information is presented in accordance with the Companies Act 1985:
Directors remuneration
2008 |
2007 £m | |||
Aggregate emoluments |
6.0 | 29.2 | ||
Gains made on the exercise of share options |
| 0.3 | ||
Amounts paid under long-term incentive schemes |
7.4 | | ||
Actual pension contributions to money purchase scheme (2008: one Director, £11,745 and 2007: one Director, £10,233) |
| | ||
Notional pension contributions to money purchase scheme (2008: no Directors and 2007: no Directors) |
| | ||
13.4 |
29.5 |
As at 31st December 2008, two Directors were accruing retirement benefits under a defined benefit scheme (2007: three Directors).
One Director (Frits Seegers) agreed to waive his fees as non-executive Director of Absa Group Limited and Absa Bank Limited. The fees for 2008 were ZAR 0.4m (£0.03m). The fees for 2007 were ZAR 0.5m (£0.03m). In both 2007 and 2008 the fees were paid to Barclays.
Directors and Officers shareholdings and options
The beneficial ownership of the ordinary share capital of Barclays PLC by all Directors and Officers of Barclays PLC (involving 20 persons) and Barclays Bank PLC (involving 21 persons) at 31st December 2008 amounted to 8,036,962 ordinary shares of 25p each (0.10% of the ordinary share capital outstanding) and 8,037,498 ordinary shares of 25p each (0.10% of the ordinary share capital outstanding), respectively.
Executive Directors and Officers of Barclays PLC as a group (involving 8 persons) held, at 31st December 2008, options to purchase 2,185,380 Barclays PLC ordinary shares of 25p each at prices ranging from 255p to 510p under Sharesave and at 397p under the Executive Share Option Scheme and ranging from 317p to 534p under the Incentive Share Option Plan, respectively.
Contracts with Directors (and their connected persons) and Managers
The aggregate amounts outstanding at 31st December 2008 under transactions, arrangements and agreements made by banking companies within the Group for persons who are, or were during the year, Directors of Barclays PLC and persons connected with them, as defined in the Companies Act 2006, and for Managers, within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, of Barclays Bank PLC were:
Number of |
Number of connected persons |
Amount £m | ||||
Directors |
||||||
Loans |
1 | 1 | 6.1 | |||
Quasi-loans and credit card accounts |
8 | 1 | | |||
Managers | ||||||
Loans |
3 | n/a | 14.0 | |||
Quasi-loans and credit card accounts |
7 | n/a | |
(c) US disclosures
For US disclosure purposes, the aggregate emoluments of all Directors and Officers of Barclays PLC who held office during the year (2008: 24 persons, 2007: 22 persons, 2006: 24 persons) for the year ended 31st December 2008 amounted to £26.8m (2007: £64.6m, 2006: £72.1m). In addition, the aggregate amount set aside for the year ended 31st December 2008, to provide pension benefits for the Directors and Officers amounted to £0.9m (2007: £1.1m, 2006: £0.8m). The aggregate emoluments of all Directors and Officers of Barclays Bank PLC who held office during the year (2008: 25 persons, 2007: 23 persons, 2006: 25 persons) for the year ended 31st December 2008 amounted to £26.9m, (2007: £64.9m and 2006: £72.2m). In addition, the aggregate amount set aside by the Bank and its subsidiaries for the year ended 31st December 2008, to provide pension benefits for the Directors and Officers amounted to £0.9m (2007: £1.1m, 2006: £0.8m).
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
255 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
44 Events after the balance sheet date
On 2nd February 2009, Barclays completed the acquisition of PT Bank Akita, which was announced initially on 17th September 2008, following the approval of the Central Bank of Indonesia.
On 17th February 2009, Barclays announced that Barclays Capital will discontinue operations at its Equifirst subsidiary due to the market environment and strategic direction of the Group.
45 Share-based payments
The Group operates share schemes for employees throughout the world. The main current schemes are:
Sharesave
Eligible employees in the UK, Spain and Ireland may participate in the Barclays Sharesave scheme. Under this scheme, employees may enter into contracts to save up to £250 per month (Ireland: 500, Spain: 135) and, at the expiry of a fixed term of three, five or seven years (Spain: three years), have the option to use these savings to acquire shares in the Company at a discount, calculated in accordance with the rules of the scheme. The discount is currently 20% of the market price at the date the options are granted. Participants in the scheme have six months from the date of vest in which the option can be exercised.
Sharepurchase
Sharepurchase was introduced in January 2002. It is an HM Revenue & Customs approved all-employee share plan. The plan is open to all eligible UK employees, including executive Directors. Under the plan, participants are able to purchase up to £1,500 worth of Barclays PLC ordinary shares per tax year, which, if kept in trust for five years, can be withdrawn from the plan tax-free. Matching shares were introduced to the scheme during 2005 where the purchase of Barclays shares by the participant are matched equally by the Company up to a value of £600 per tax year. Any shares in the plan will earn dividends in the form of additional shares, which must normally be held by the trustee for three years before being eligible for release.
Executive Share Award Scheme (ESAS)
For certain employees of the Group an element of their annual bonus is in the form of a deferred award of a provisional allocation of Barclays PLC shares under ESAS. The total value of the bonus made to the employee of which ESAS is an element is dependent upon the business unit, Group and individual employee performance. The ESAS element of the annual bonus must normally be held for at least three years. Additional bonus shares are subsequently awarded to recipients of the provisional allocation and vest upon achieving continued service for three and five years from the date of award. ESAS awards are also made to eligible employees for recruitment purposes. All awards are subject to potential forfeit if the individual resigns and commences work with a competitor business.
Performance Share Plan (PSP)
The Performance Share Plan (PSP) was approved by shareholders at the 2005 AGM to replace the ISOP scheme. Performance shares are free Barclays shares for which no exercise price is payable and which qualify for dividends. Performance share awards are communicated to participants as an initial allocation. Barclays performance over a three-year period determines the final number of shares that may be released to participants.
Incentive Share Plan (Incentive Shares)
The Incentive Share Plan (Incentive Shares) was introduced in March 2008. Incentive Shares are granted to participants in the form of a provisional allocation of Barclays shares which vest upon achieving continued service after three years. Participants do not pay to receive an award or to receive a release of shares. Incentive Shares qualify for dividends.
Options granted under the following schemes are over subsidiaries of Barclays PLC:
Absa Group Broad-based Black Economic Empowerment Transaction (BEE)
On 25th June 2004, Absa shareholders approved the allocation of 73,152,300, redeemable cumulative option-holding Absa preference shares to Batho Bonke Capital Limited. Each redeemable preference share carries the option to acquire one Absa ordinary share. The shares carry the same rights as ordinary shares including voting rights, and receive dividends which are payable semi-annually. Options vested immediately on date of issue and lapse after five years from the date of issue. Exercise may occur in lots of 100 only and within a price range varying from R48 to R69 (£3.16£4.55) dependent on the 30-day volume weighted trading price on the JSE Limited. Options are redeemed by Absa on the final exercise date.
256 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
45 Share-based payments (continued)
Absa Group Limited Share Incentive Trust (AGLSIT)
In terms of the rules of Absa Group Limited Share Incentive Trust, the maximum number of shares which may be issued or transferred and/or in respect of which options may be granted to the participants shall be limited to shares representing 10% of the total number of issued shares from time to time. This is an equity-settled share-based payment arrangement and options are allocated to Absa employees according to the normal human resources talent management processes. The options issued up to August 2005 had no performance criteria linked to them and vested in equal tranches after three, four and five years respectively. No dividends accrue to the option holder over the vesting period. The options expire after a period of ten years from the issuing date. Options issued since August 2005 have performance criteria associated with them, which require headline earnings per share to exceed an agreed benchmark over a three-year period from the grant date for the options to vest. Participants need to be in the employ of Absa at the vesting date in order to be entitled to the options.
Absa Group Limited Share Ownership Administrative Trust (AGLSOT)
AGLSOT enabled all Absa employees to participate in a one-off offer to purchase 200 redeemable cumulative option-holding preference shares. Each redeemable preference share carries the option to acquire one Absa ordinary share. Options vest after three years and lapse after five years from the date of issue. Exercise may occur in lots of 100 only and within a price range varying from R48 to R69 (£3.16£4.55) dependent on the 30-day volume weighted trading price on the JSE Limited. Options are redeemed by Absa on the final exercise date.
Absa Group Limited Executive Share Award Scheme (AGLESAS)
The ESAS is an equity-settled share-based payment arrangement, where the participants notional bonus comprises a number of restricted nil-cost options, based on the allocation price of ordinary shares. Such an initial allocation is held in trust or in the name of the participant. If the participant is in the employ of the Group after the three-year vesting period, the participant will receive 20% matched shares. If the bonus award remains in the ESAS for another two years, the participant receives another 10% matched shares. Dividend shares are paid to participants on the ordinary shares as if the shares were held from inception. The number of dividend shares awarded is therefore calculated on the initial allocation and on the 20% and/or 10% matched shares, over the three- or five-year period. Employees that receive a performance bonus in excess of a predetermined amount were compelled to place a set percentage of their bonus award into the ESAS. Employees also had the option of utilising more of their bonus award for voluntary ESAS options.
In addition, options remain outstanding under the following closed schemes:
Barclays Global Investors Equity Ownership Plan (BGI EOP)
The Equity Ownership Plan was extended to key employees of BGI. The exercise price of the options was determined by the Remuneration Committee of Barclays PLC based on the fair value of BGI as determined by an independent appraiser. The options were granted over shares in Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited, a subsidiary of Barclays Bank PLC.
Options are not exercisable until vesting, with a third of the options held generally becoming exercisable at each anniversary of grant. The shareholder has the right to offer to sell the shares to Barclays Bank PLC 355 days following the exercise of the option. Barclays Bank PLC may accept the offer and purchase the shares at the most recently agreed valuation but is under no obligation to do so. Options lapse ten years after grant. The most recently agreed valuation was £87.22, at 31st March 2008. No awards were made under the BGI EOP in 2008.
Incentive Share Option Plan (ISOP)
The ISOP was open by invitation to the employees and Directors of Barclays PLC. Options were granted at the market price at the date of grant calculated in accordance with the rules of the plan, and are normally exercisable between three and ten years from that date. The final number of shares over which the option may be exercised is determined by reference to set performance criteria. The number of shares under option represents the maximum possible number that may be exercised. No awards were made under ISOP during 2008.
Executive Share Option Scheme (ESOS)
The ESOS is a long-term incentive scheme and was available by invitation to certain senior executives of the Group with grants usually made annually. Options were issued with an exercise price equivalent to the market price at the date of the grant without any discount, calculated in accordance with the rules of the scheme, and are normally exercisable between three and ten years from that date. No further awards are made under ESOS.
Woolwich Executive Share Option Plan (Woolwich ESOP)
Options originally granted over Woolwich PLC shares at market value were exercised in 2001 or exchanged, in accordance with the proposals made under the offer to acquire the Woolwich, for options over Barclays PLC shares. Under the rules of ESOP, the performance conditions attached to the exercise of options were disapplied on acquisition of Woolwich PLC by Barclays. Options lapse ten years after grant.
At the balance sheet date the following cash-settled schemes operated within the Group:
Absa Group Limited Phantom Performance Share Plan (Phantom PSP)
The Phantom PSP is a cash-settled plan and payments made to participants in respect of their awards are in the form of cash. The Phantom PSP shares (and any associated notional dividend shares) are awarded at no cost to the participants. The amount that is ultimately paid to the participants is equal to the market value of a number of ordinary shares as determined after a three-year vesting period. The vesting of the Phantom PSP awards will be subject to two non-market performance conditions which will be measured over a three-year period, starting on the first day of the financial year in which the award is made. The award will vest after three years to the extent that the performance conditions are satisfied. These awards are forfeited in total if Absa performance fails to meet the minimum criteria
Absa Group Limited Phantom Executive Share Award Scheme (Phantom ESAS)
The Phantom ESAS is a cash-settled share-based payment arrangement, where the participants notional bonus comprises a number of restricted nil-cost options, based on the allocation price of ordinary shares. If the participant is in the employ of the Group after the three-year vesting period, the participant will receive 20% bonus phantom shares. If the bonus award remains in the Phantom ESAS for another two years, the participant receives an additional 10% bonus phantom shares. Dividend phantom shares are paid to participants on the ordinary phantom shares as if the shares were held from inception. The number of dividend phantom shares awarded is therefore calculated on the initial allocation and on the 20% and 10% bonus phantom shares, over the five-year period. Employees that receive performance bonuses in excess of a predetermined amount are compelled to place a set percentage of the bonus award in the Phantom ESAS. Employees also have the option of utilising more of their bonus award for voluntary ESAS phantom shares.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
257 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
45 Share-based payments (continued)
The weighted average fair value per option granted during the year is as follows:
2008 £ |
2007 £ | |||
Sharesave |
0.92 | 1.25 | ||
Sharepurchase |
3.38 | 6.84 | ||
ISP |
4.22 | n/a | ||
ESAS |
4.09 | 6.96 | ||
PSP |
4.89 | 8.03 | ||
BGI EOP |
n/a | 22.18 | ||
AGLSIT |
n/a | 3.18 | ||
AGLESAS |
7.17 | n/a |
Fair values for Sharesave, PSP, BGI EOP and AGLSIT are calculated at the date of grant using either a Black-Scholes model or Monte Carlo simulation. No further grants have been made under the BGI EOP since 2008. Sharepurchase, ESAS, and AGLESAS are nil cost awards on which the performance conditions are substantially completed at the date of grant. Consequently the fair value of these awards is based on the market value at that date.
As described above, the terms of the ESAS scheme require shares to be held for a set number of years from the date of vest. The calculation of the vest date fair value of such awards includes a reduction for this post-vesting restriction. This discount is determined by calculating how much a willing market participant would rationally pay to remove the restriction using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The total discount required in 2008 is £10m (2007: £66m, 2006: £62m).
The significant weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the options granted in 2008 are as follows:
2008 | ||||||
Sharesave | PSP | AGLESAS | ||||
Weighted average share price |
3.11 | 5.45 | 7.17 | |||
Weighted average exercise price |
2.51 | 2.07 | | |||
Expected volatility |
37% | 37% | 0% | |||
Expected option life |
4 years | 3 years | 5 years |
The significant weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the options granted in 2007 are as follows:
2007 | ||||||||
Sharesave | PSP | BGI EOP | AGLSIT | |||||
Weighted average share price |
5.82 | 7.07 | 95.33 | 9.18 | ||||
Weighted average exercise price |
4.81 | | 95.33 | 7.62 | ||||
Expected volatility |
25% | 25% | 20% | 30% | ||||
Expected option life |
4 years | 3 years | 4 years | 5 years |
The significant weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the options granted in 2006 are as follows:
2006 | ||||||||
Sharesave | PSP | BGI EOP | AGLSIT | |||||
Weighted average share price |
6.20 | 6.74 | 81.12 | 8.92 | ||||
Weighted average exercise price |
5.11 | | 81.12 | 6.57 | ||||
Expected volatility |
25% | 25% | 24% | 29% | ||||
Expected option life |
4 years | 3 years | 4 years | 5 years |
Expected volatility and dividend yield on the date of grant have been used as inputs into the respective valuation models for Sharesave and PSP. Expected volatility has been determined using historical volatility of its peers over the expected life of the options for BGI EOP and AGLSIT applies a five-year rolling period.
The yield on UK government bonds with a commensurate life has been used to determine the risk-free discount rate of 4% for all schemes other than AGLSIT. Option life is estimated based upon historical data for the holding period of options between grant and exercise dates. The risk-free rate on the AGLSIT scheme represents the yield, recorded on date of option grant, on South African government zero coupon bond of a term commensurate to the expected life of the option.
258 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
45 Share-based payments (continued)
For the purposes of determining the expected life and number of options to vest, historical exercise patterns have been used, together with an assumption that a certain percentage of options will lapse due to leavers.
The assumed dividend yield for Barclays PLC is the average annual dividend yield on the date of grant of 5%. Dividend yield for AGLSIT of 3.5% was based on the average 12-month trailing yield over the year to grant date.
Analysis of the movement in the number and weighted average exercise price of options is set out below:
Sharesave a | Sharepurchase a, c | |||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year |
74,027 | 78,929 | 4.48 | 4.22 | 3,824 | 2,472 | | | ||||||||||||
Granted in the year |
56,024 | 18,748 | 2.51 | 4.81 | 3,834 | 1,852 | | | ||||||||||||
Adjustment in grants for open offer |
1,354 | | 4.33 | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
(3,357 | ) | (18,018 | ) | 3.71 | 3.70 | (64 | ) | (256 | ) | | | ||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
(33,917 | ) | (5,632 | ) | 4.35 | 4.53 | (633 | ) | (244 | ) | | | ||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
94,131 | 74,027 | 1.83 | 4.48 | 6,961 | 3,824 | | | ||||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
4,025 | 2,324 | 3.71 | 3.69 | 737 | | | | ||||||||||||
ESAS a, c | PSP a, c | |||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year |
182,200 | 142,359 | | | 63,163 | 42,832 | | | ||||||||||||
Granted in the year |
141,269 | 76,064 | | | 8,528 | 20,331 | | | ||||||||||||
Adjustment in grants for open offer |
6,884 | | | | 1,370 | | | | ||||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
(56,231 | ) | (31,036 | ) | | | (1,467 | ) | | | | |||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
(6,185 | ) | (5,187 | ) | | | (20,865 | ) | | | | |||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
267,937 | 182,200 | | | 50,729 | 63,163 | | | ||||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
15,131 | 16,587 | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
ISP a ,c | Absa BEE b | |||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year/acquisition date |
| | | | 73,152 | 73,152 | 3.40-3.89 | 3.50-5.03 | ||||||||||||
Granted in the year |
6,923 | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Adjustment in grants for open offer |
177 | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
7,100 | | | | 73,152 | 73,152 | 3.16-4.55 | 3.40-3.89 | ||||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
| | | | 73,152 | 73,152 | 3.16-4.55 | 3.40-3.89 | ||||||||||||
AGLSIT b | AGLSOT b | |||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year/acquisition date |
13,618 | 18,778 | 4.81 | 3.87 | 946 | 4,847 | 3.40-3.89 | 3.50-5.03 | ||||||||||||
Granted in the year |
| 260 | | 7.62 | | | | | ||||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
(3,252 | ) | (4,668 | ) | 3.37 | 3.60 | (368 | ) | (3,592 | ) | | | ||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
(399 | ) | (752 | ) | 4.96 | 5.22 | (19 | ) | (309 | ) | 3.16-4.55 | 3.40-3.89 | ||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
9,967 | 13,618 | 4.91 | 4.81 | 559 | 946 | 3.16-4.55 | 3.40-3.89 | ||||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
5,944 | 5,603 | 3.86 | 3.25 | 559 | 946 | 3.16-4.55 | 3.40-3.89 |
Notes
a | Options/award granted over Barclays PLC shares. |
b | Options/award granted over Absa Group Limited shares. |
c | Nil cost award. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
259 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
45 Share-based payments (continued)
AGLESAS c, d | BGI EOP b | ||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | ||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year/acquisition date | 37 | 37 | | | 7,502 | 6,929 | 75.66 | 57.79 | |||||||||||
Granted in the year |
1,019 | | | | | 2,599 | | 95.33 | |||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
| | | | (550 | ) | (1,632 | ) | 34.35 | 34.99 | |||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
(41 | ) | | | | (368 | ) | (394 | ) | 86.57 | 59.63 | ||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | |||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
1,015 | 37 | | | 6,584 | 7,502 | 78.50 | 75.66 | |||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
| | | | 3,631 | 1,556 | 69.29 | 47.00 |
ISOP a | ESOS a | |||||||||||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) |
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year |
20,549 | 77,507 | 4.56 | 4.59 | 1,423 | 1,748 | 4.13 | 4.14 | ||||||||||||
Granted in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Adjustment in grants for open offer |
537 | | 4.44 | | 12 | | 4.33 | | ||||||||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
(539 | ) | (9,718 | ) | 4.06 | 4.35 | (70 | ) | (325 | ) | 3.97 | 4.20 | ||||||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
| (47,240 | ) | | 4.66 | (892 | ) | | 3.97 | | ||||||||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
20,547 | 20,549 | 4.44 | 4.56 | 473 | 1,423 | 4.33 | 4.13 | ||||||||||||
Of which exercisable: |
20,547 | 20,238 | 4.44 | 4.54 | 473 | 1,423 | 4.33 | 4.13 |
Woolwich ESOP a | ||||||||||
Number (000s) |
Weighted average ex. price (£) | |||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Outstanding at beginning of year |
540 | 700 | 3.81 | 3.81 | ||||||
Granted in the year |
| | | | ||||||
Adjustment in grants for open offer |
12 | | 3.70 | | ||||||
Exercised/released in the year |
(104 | ) | (160 | ) | 3.10 | 3.84 | ||||
Less: forfeited in the year |
(6 | ) | | 3.65 | | |||||
Less: expired in the year |
| | | | ||||||
Outstanding at end of year |
442 | 540 | 3.70 | 3.81 | ||||||
Of which exercisable: |
442 | 540 | 3.70 | 3.81 |
The table below shows the weighted average share price at the date of exercise/release of shares:
2008 £ |
2007 £ | |||
Sharesave a |
4.70 | 5.72 | ||
Sharepurchase a, d |
1.59 | 6.74 | ||
ESAS a, d |
4.07 | 6.71 | ||
PSP |
2.07 | n/a | ||
BGI EOP b |
87.22 | 97.06 | ||
AGLSIT c |
6.78 | 9.52 | ||
AGLSOT c |
6.79 | n/a | ||
ISOP a |
4.59 | 7.31 | ||
ESOS a |
4.74 | 7.26 | ||
Woolwich ESOP a |
4.72 | 7.24 |
Notes
a | Options/award granted over Barclays PLC shares. |
b | Options/award granted over Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited shares. |
c | Options/award granted over Absa Group Limited shares. |
d | Nil cost award. |
260 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
45 Share-based payments (continued)
The exercise price range, the weighted average contractual remaining life and number of options outstanding (including those exercisable) at the balance sheet date are as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Exercise Price Range | Weighted average remaining contractual life in years |
Number of options outstanding |
Weighted average remaining contractual life in years |
Number of options outstanding | ||||
Sharesave a |
||||||||
£1.44-£2.49 |
3 | 2,121,926 | | | ||||
£2.50-£3.49 |
4 | 54,437,940 | | 328,822 | ||||
£3.50-£4.49 |
1 | 19,986,642 | 2 | 40,371,606 | ||||
£4.50-£5.49 |
3 | 17,584,689 | 4 | 33,327,119 | ||||
Sharepurchase a, d |
2 | 6,960,593 | 2 | 3,824,021 | ||||
ESAS a, d |
3 | 267,936,513 | 3 | 182,200,170 | ||||
ISP a, d |
2 | 7,099,655 | | | ||||
PSP a, d |
1 | 50,729,245 | 1 | 63,162,894 | ||||
BGI EOP b |
||||||||
£6.11-£13.99 |
4 | 101,000 | 4 | 239,717 | ||||
£14.00-£20.11 |
5 | 236,503 | 6 | 285,671 | ||||
£20.12-£56.94 |
6 | 759,213 | 7 | 1,059,430 | ||||
£56.95-£95.33 |
8 | 5,487,520 | 9 | 5,916,863 | ||||
Absa BEE c |
||||||||
£3.16-£4.55 |
1 | 73,152,300 | 2 | 73,152,300 | ||||
AGLSIT c |
||||||||
£1.66-£7.50 |
6 | 9,967,000 | 7 | 13,618,000 | ||||
AGLSOT c |
||||||||
£3.16-£4.55 |
1 | 559,000 | 2 | 946,000 | ||||
AGLESAS c, d |
3 | 1,015,000 | 3 | 37,059 | ||||
ISOP a |
||||||||
£2.50-£3.49 |
4 | 3,862,322 | 5 | 3,965,300 | ||||
£3.50-£4.49 |
2 | 1,558,449 | 3 | 1,409,828 | ||||
£4.50-£5.49 |
4 | 14,899,933 | 5 | 14,896,227 | ||||
£5.50-£6.49 |
7 | 225,894 | 7 | 277,096 | ||||
ESOS a |
||||||||
£2.50-£3.49 |
| | | 4,000 | ||||
£3.50-£4.49 |
1 | 472,561 | 1 | 1,418,818 | ||||
Woolwich ESOP a |
||||||||
£2.50-£3.49 |
1 | 89,644 | 2 | 110,616 | ||||
£3.50-£4.49
|
1
|
352,961
|
2
|
429,584
|
There were no modifications to the share-based payment arrangements in the years 2008, 2007 and 2006. As at 31st December 2008, the total liability arising from cash-settled share-based payment transactions was £23m (2007: £16m).
At 31st December 2008, 6.6 million (2007: 7.5 million) options were outstanding under the terms of the BGI EOP (which would represent a 7.3% interest if exercised). Employees in BGI own 4.5% of the shares in Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited (2007: 5.9%). If all the current options were exercised, £516.9m (2007: £567.6m) would be subscribed. Since the scheme was introduced, options over 21.5 million (2007: 20.9 million) shares have been exercised, of which 3.8 million are still held by employees and represent a minority interest in the Group.
At 31st December 2008, there were 73.2 million, 10 million and 0.6 million options granted over Absa Group Limited shares under the Absa Group Limited Black Economic Empowerment Transaction, Absa Group Limited Share Incentive Trust and Absa Group Limited Share Ownership Administrative Trust respectively. In aggregate, these options would represent a 11.0% interest in Absa Group Limited if exercised.
Impact of capital raising
During 2008, the number of shares in each award or option has been increased by 2.68% and any corresponding option exercise price has been decreased by 2.68% to reflect the impact of the capital raising in July. No adjustments were made for any other capital raising during 2008.
Notes
a | Options /award granted over Barclays PLC shares. |
b | Options /award granted over Barclays Global Investors UK Holdings Limited shares. |
c | Options /award granted over Absa Group Limited shares. |
d | Nil cost award. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
261 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
46 Financial risks
Financial risk management
Barclays PLC is a major global financial services provider engaged in retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services. Financial instruments are fundamental to the Groups business and managing financial risks, especially credit risk, is a fundamental part of its business activity.
Barclays risk management policies and processes are designed to identify and analyse risk, to set appropriate risk appetite, limits, and controls, and to monitor the risks and adherence to limits by means of reliable and up-to-date data. Risk management policies, models and systems are regularly reviewed to reflect changes to markets, products and best market practice.
Risk responsibilities
The Board approves risk appetite and the Board Risk Committee monitors the Groups risk profile against this appetite:
| The Group Risk Director, under delegated authority from the Group Chief Executive and Group Finance Director, has responsibility for ensuring effective risk management and control; |
| Business Heads are responsible for the identification and management of risk in their businesses; |
| Business risk teams, each under the management of a Business Risk Director, are responsible for assisting Business Heads in the identification and management of their business risk profiles for implementing appropriate controls. These risk management teams also assist Group Risk in the formulation of Group Risk policy and the implementation of it across the businesses; |
| Within Group Risk, Risk-Type Heads and their teams are responsible for establishing a risk control framework and risk oversight; and |
| Internal Audit is responsible for the independent review of risk management and the control environment. |
Oversight of risk management is exercised by the Risk Oversight Committee which is chaired by the Group Risk Director under authority delegated by the Group Finance Director. The Risk Oversight Committee oversees management of the Groups risk profile, exercised through the setting, review and challenge of the size and constitution of the profile when viewed against the Group risk appetite.
The Executive Committee monitors and manages risk-adjusted performance of businesses and receives a regular update on forward risk trends and the Group Risk Profile Report.
The Board Risk Committee (BRC) reviews the Group risk profile, approves the Group Control Framework and approves minimum control requirements for principal risks.
The Board Audit Committee (BAC) considers the adequacy and effectiveness of the Group Control Framework and receives quarterly reports on control issues of significance and half-yearly reports on impairment allowances and regulatory reports.
Both BRC and BAC also receive reports dealing in more depth with specific issues relevant at the time. The proceedings of both Committees are reported to the full Board. The Board approves the overall Group risk appetite.
The Risk Oversight Committee is chaired by the Group Risk Director and oversees the management of the Groups risk profile and all of its significant risks. Oversight is exercised through the setting, review and challenge of the size and constitution of the profile when viewed against the Groups risk appetite. It has delegated and apportioned responsibility for credit risk management to the Retail and Wholesale Credit Risk Management Committees.
The main financial risks affecting the Group are discussed in Notes 47 to 49.
47 Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of suffering financial loss, should any of the Groups customers, clients or market counterparties fail to fulfil their contractual obligations to the Group. Credit risk arises mainly from commercial and consumer loans and advances, credit cards, and loan commitments arising from such lending activities, but can also arise from credit enhancement provided, such as financial guarantees, letters of credit, endorsements and acceptances.
Barclays is also exposed to other credit risks arising from investments in debt securities and other exposures arising from its trading activities (trading exposures) including, non-equity trading portfolio assets, derivatives as well as settlement balances with market counterparties and reverse repurchase loans.
Losses arising from exposures held for trading (derivatives, debt securities) are accounted for as trading losses, rather than impairment charges, even though the fall in value causing the loss may be attributable to credit deterioration.
Maximum exposure to credit risk before collateral held or other credit enhancements
The following table presents the maximum exposure at 31st December 2008 and 2007 to credit risk of balance sheet and off balance sheet financial instruments, before taking account of any collateral held or other credit enhancements and after allowance for impairment and netting where appropriate.
For financial assets recognised on the balance sheet, the exposure to credit risk equals their carrying amount. For financial guarantees granted, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the maximum amount that Barclays would have to pay if the guarantees were to be called upon. For loan commitments and other credit related commitments that are irrevocable over the life of the respective facilities, the maximum exposure to credit risk is the full amount of the committed facilities.
This analysis and all subsequent analyses of credit risk include only financial assets subject to credit risk. They exclude other financial assets, mainly equity securities held in trading portfolio or available for sale as well as non-financial assets. The nominal value of off-balance sheet credit related instruments are also shown, where appropriate.
Financial assets designated at fair value held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts have not been included as the Group is not exposed to credit risk on these assets. Credit losses in these portfolios, if any, would lead to a reduction in the linked liabilities and result in no direct loss to the Group.
262 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Whilst the Groups maximum exposure to credit risk is the carrying value of the assets or, in the case of off-balance sheet items, the amount guaranteed, committed, accepted or endorsed, in most cases the likely exposure is far less due to collateral, credit enhancements and other actions taken to mitigate the Groups exposure.
A description of the credit risk management and measurement methodologies, the credit quality of the assets and the collateral and other credit enhancements held against them is included in the relevant sections within this Note, for each of the categories in the following table:
As at 31st December 2008
Loans and advances £m |
Debt securities £m |
Derivatives £m |
Reverse repurchase agreements £m |
Others £m |
Total £m |
Credit market exposure £m | ||||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 30,019 | ||||||||||||
Items in course of collection from other banks |
1,695 | 1,695 | ||||||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,544 | 4,544 | ||||||||||||
Debt securities |
148,686 | 148,686 | 4,745 | |||||||||||
Traded loans |
1,070 | 1,070 | ||||||||||||
Total trading portfolio |
1,070 | 153,230 | 154,300 | |||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: | ||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
30,057 | 130 | 30,187 | 14,429 | ||||||||||
Debt securities |
8,628 | 8,628 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets |
1,469 | 7,283 | 479 | 9,231 | ||||||||||
Total financial assets designated at fair value held on own account | 31,526 | 8,628 | 7,283 | 609 | 48,046 | |||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
984,802 | 984,802 | 9,234 | |||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 47,707 | ||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
135,077 | 135,077 | ||||||||||||
Credit card receivables |
22,304 | 22,304 | ||||||||||||
Other personal lending |
32,038 | 32,038 | ||||||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
259,699 | 259,699 | ||||||||||||
Finance lease receivables |
12,697 | 12,697 | ||||||||||||
Total loans and advances to customers |
461,815 | 461,815 | 12,808 | |||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments: |
||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,003 | 4,003 | ||||||||||||
Debt securities |
58,831 | 58,831 | 727 | |||||||||||
Total available for sale financial investments |
62,834 | 62,834 | ||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements |
130,354 | 130,354 | ||||||||||||
Other assets |
3,096 | 3,096 | 109 | |||||||||||
Total on-balance sheet |
542,118 | 224,692 | 984,802 | 137,637 | 35,419 | 1,924,668 | ||||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
585 | |||||||||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | 53,942 | |||||||||||||
Commitments |
260,816 | 1,030 | ||||||||||||
Total off-balance sheet |
315,343 | |||||||||||||
Total maximum exposure at 31st December |
2,240,011 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
263 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
At 31st December 2007
Loans and advances £m |
Debt securities £m |
Derivatives £m |
Reverse repurchase agreements £m |
Others £m |
Total £m |
Credit market exposure £m | ||||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
5,801 | 5,801 | ||||||||||||
Items in course of collection from other banks |
1,836 | 1,836 | ||||||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
2,094 | 2,094 | ||||||||||||
Debt securities |
152,778 | 152,778 | 6,239 | |||||||||||
Traded loans |
1,780 | 1,780 | ||||||||||||
Total trading portfolio |
1,780 | 154,872 | 156,652 | |||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: | ||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
23,334 | 157 | 23,491 | 15,218 | ||||||||||
Debt securities |
24,217 | 24,217 | ||||||||||||
Other financial assets |
98 | 3,056 | 391 | 3,545 | ||||||||||
Total financial assets designated at fair value held on own account | 23,432 | 24,217 | 3,056 | 548 | 51,253 | |||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
248,088 | 248,088 | 445 | |||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
40,120 | 40,120 | ||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
106,619 | 106,619 | ||||||||||||
Credit card receivables |
14,289 | 14,289 | ||||||||||||
Other personal lending |
29,857 | 29,857 | ||||||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
183,556 | 183,556 | 11,535 | |||||||||||
Finance lease receivables |
11,077 | 11,077 | ||||||||||||
Total loans and advances to customers |
345,398 | 345,398 | ||||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments: |
||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
2,723 | 2,723 | ||||||||||||
Debt securities |
38,673 | 38,673 | 1,244 | |||||||||||
Total available for sale financial in vestments |
41,396 | 41,396 | ||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements |
183,075 | 183,075 | 225 | |||||||||||
Other assets |
3,966 | 3,966 | 57 | |||||||||||
Total on-balance sheet |
410,730 | 220,485 | 248,088 | 186,131 | 12,151 | 1,077,585 | ||||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
365 | |||||||||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | 35,692 | |||||||||||||
Commitments |
192,639 | 3,225 | ||||||||||||
Total off-balance sheet |
228,696 | |||||||||||||
Total maximum exposure at 31st December |
1,306,281 |
264 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Credit risk concentrations
A concentration of credit risk exists when a number of counterparties are engaged in similar activities and have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.
The analyses of credit risk concentrations presented below are based on the location of the counterparty or customer or the industry in which they are engaged.
Credit risk concentrations by geographical sector
2008 | ||||||||||||
United Kingdom £m |
Other £m |
United States £m |
Africa £m |
Rest of the World £m |
Total £m | |||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
8,406 | 11,039 | 8,381 | 1,712 | 481 | 30,019 | ||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
1,447 | 59 | | 169 | 20 | 1,695 | ||||||
Trading portfolio |
23,865 | 35,396 | 66,084 | 2,770 | 26,185 | 154,300 | ||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account |
14,158 | 7,388 | 19,738 | 2,904 | 3,858 | 48,046 | ||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
317,621 | 215,054 | 366,161 | 4,403 | 81,563 | 984,802 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
7,524 | 12,591 | 13,616 | 2,189 | 11,787 | 47,707 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
213,079 | 91,109 | 75,826 | 44,373 | 37,428 | 461,815 | ||||||
Available for sale financial investments |
15,423 | 18,928 | 16,583 | 3,351 | 8,549 | 62,834 | ||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements |
22,659 | 41,724 | 47,034 | 848 | 18,089 | 130,354 | ||||||
Other assets |
1,198 | 548 | 550 | 520 | 280 | 3,096 | ||||||
Total on-balance sheet |
625,380 | 433,836 | 613,973 | 63,239 | 188,240 | 1,924,668 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
274 | | 6 | 41 | 264 | 585 | ||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | 4,433 | 3,742 | 42,227 | 1,738 | 1,802 | 53,942 | ||||||
Commitments |
103,548 | 32,445 | 90,298 | 23,210 | 11,315 | 260,816 | ||||||
Total off-balance sheet |
108,255 | 36,187 | 132,531 | 24,989 | 13,381 | 315,343 | ||||||
Total |
733,635 | 470,023 | 746,504 | 88,228 | 201,621 | 2,240,011 |
Credit risk concentrations by geographical sector
2007 | ||||||||||||
United Kingdom £m |
Other £m |
United States £m |
Africa £m |
Rest of the World £m |
Total £m | |||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
1,458 | 2,170 | 206 | 1,406 | 561 | 5,801 | ||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
1,638 | 75 | | 110 | 13 | 1,836 | ||||||
Trading portfolio |
28,959 | 41,675 | 53,208 | 877 | 31,933 | 156,652 | ||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account |
15,713 | 5,907 | 20,396 | 958 | 8,279 | 51,253 | ||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
60,534 | 75,017 | 82,975 | 2,229 | 27,333 | 248,088 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
5,515 | 11,102 | 13,443 | 2,581 | 7,479 | 40,120 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
187,824 | 56,189 | 39,944 | 38,653 | 22,788 | 345,398 | ||||||
Available for sale financial investments |
5,934 | 18,354 | 7,818 | 2,944 | 6,346 | 41,396 | ||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements |
42,160 | 51,734 | 67,018 | 2,156 | 20,007 | 183,075 | ||||||
Other assets |
1,813 | 617 | 424 | 698 | 414 | 3,966 | ||||||
Total on-balance sheet |
351,548 | 262,840 | 285,432 | 52,612 | 125,153 | 1,077,585 | ||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements |
227 | 5 | 5 | 34 | 94 | 365 | ||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | 7,377 | 1,468 | 23,696 | 1,286 | 1,865 | 35,692 | ||||||
Commitments |
90,964 | 23,946 | 48,657 | 20,471 | 8,601 | 192,639 | ||||||
Total off-balance sheet |
98,568 | 25,419 | 72,358 | 21,791 | 10,560 | 228,696 | ||||||
Total |
450,116 | 288,259 | 357,790 | 74,403 | 135,713 | 1,306,281 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
265 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
Credit risk concentrations by industrial sector | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Government £m |
Financial Services £m |
Transport, and other £m |
Agriculture, £m |
Construction Property £m |
Energy and water £m |
Residential £m |
Other personal lending £m |
Finance lease receivables £m |
Total £m | |||||||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks | 30,019 | | | | | | | | | 30,019 | ||||||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks | 10 | 1,685 | | | | | | | | 1,695 | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio | 68,962 | 73,729 | 3,320 | 2,590 | 1,404 | 4,272 | | 4 | 19 | 154,300 | ||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account | 5,871 | 21,860 | 1,080 | 1,286 | 17,415 | 271 | | 263 | | 48,046 | ||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 10,370 | 928,793 | 9,265 | 14,420 | 3,779 | 18,054 | | 121 | | 984,802 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 2,794 | 44,913 | | | | | | | | 47,707 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 5,296 | 112,506 | 52,243 | 49,068 | 29,988 | 14,078 | 135,077 | 50,862 | 12,697 | 461,815 | ||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments | 14,891 | 44,865 | 1,288 | 436 | 333 | 354 | 569 | 98 | | 62,834 | ||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements | 17,939 | 110,645 | 536 | 428 | 806 | | | | | 130,354 | ||||||||||
Other assets
|
103 | 1,397 | 602 | 260 | 8 | 12 | 155 | 554 | 5 | 3,096 | ||||||||||
Total on-balance sheet
|
156,255
|
1,340,393
|
68,334
|
68,488
|
53,733
|
37,041
|
135,801
|
51,902
|
12,721
|
1,924,668
| ||||||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements | | 151 | 180 | 231 | 14 | 3 | | 6 | | 585 | ||||||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | | 44,858 | 4,161 | 2,275 | 778 | 1,604 | | 266 | | 53,942 | ||||||||||
Commitments
|
5,096 | 33,746 | 32,769 | 36,815 | 11,405 | 16,279 | 12,196 | 112,510 | | 260,816 | ||||||||||
Total off-balance sheet
|
5,096
|
78,755
|
37,110
|
39,321
|
12,197
|
17,886
|
12,196
|
112,782
|
|
315,343
| ||||||||||
Total
|
161,351
|
1,419,148
|
105,444
|
107,809
|
65,930
|
54,927
|
147,997
|
164,684
|
12,721
|
2,240,011
|
266 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Credit risk concentrations by industrial sector | ||||||||||||||||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Government £m |
Financial Services £m |
Transport, and other £m |
Agriculture, £m |
Construction £m |
Energy and |
Residential £m |
Other personal lending £m |
Finance lease receivables £m |
Total £m | |||||||||||
On-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks | 5,801 | | | | | | | | | 5,801 | ||||||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks | 8 | 1,828 | | | | | | | | 1,836 | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio | 58,608 | 83,790 | 4,434 | 3,928 | 924 | 4,072 | 895 | 1 | | 156,652 | ||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account | 10,914 | 23,742 | 570 | 699 | 11,325 | 396 | 3,509 | 98 | | 51,253 | ||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments | 2,886 | 227,609 | 2,771 | 5,567 | 1,106 | 8,031 | 87 | 31 | | 248,088 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 7,881 | 32,239 | | | | | | | | 40,120 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 2,036 | 70,699 | 41,678 | 38,170 | 22,288 | 8,623 | 106,619 | 44,208 | 11,077 | 345,398 | ||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments | 8,880 | 29,693 | 2,142 | 249 | 167 | 246 | | 19 | | 41,396 | ||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements | 1,713 | 179,459 | 416 | 735 | 752 | | | | | 183,075 | ||||||||||
Other assets
|
270 | 1,506 | 542 | 307 | 168 | 5 | 112 | 1,056 | | 3,966 | ||||||||||
Total on-balance sheet
|
98,997
|
650,565
|
52,553
|
49,655
|
36,730
|
21,373
|
111,222
|
45,413
|
11,077
|
1,077,585
| ||||||||||
Off-balance sheet: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Acceptances and endorsements | | 125 | 111 | 91 | 21 | 4 | | 13 | | 365 | ||||||||||
Guarantees and letters of credit pledged as collateral security and securities lending arrangements | 51 | 17,021 | 12,847 | 1,867 | 538 | 2,687 | 1 | 680 | | 35,692 | ||||||||||
Commitments | 4,511
|
30,492
|
26,370
|
32,388
|
11,282
|
9,961
|
10,969
|
66,666
|
|
192,639
| ||||||||||
Total off-balance sheet
|
4,562
|
47,638
|
39,328
|
34,346
|
11,841
|
12,652
|
10,970
|
67,359
|
|
228,696
| ||||||||||
Total
|
103,559
|
698,203
|
91,881
|
84,001
|
48,571
|
34,025
|
122,192
|
112,772
|
11,077
|
1,306,281
|
Loans and advances to customers in the above table has been reanalysed between Agriculture, Manufacturing and Wholesale and retail trade, Residential mortgage loans and Other personal to reflect changes in classification of assets.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
267 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
Loans and advances
Credit risk management
Governance and responsibilities
The credit risk management teams in each business are accountable to the Business Risk Directors in those businesses who, in turn, report to the heads of their businesses and also to the Group Risk Director.
The credit risk function provides Group-wide direction of credit risk-taking. The teams within this function manage the resolution of all significant credit policy issues and run the Credit Committee, which approves major credit decisions. Each business segment has an embedded credit risk management team. These teams assist Group Risk in the formulation of Group Risk policy and its implementation across the businesses.
The principal committees that review credit risk management, formulate overall Group credit policy and resolve all significant credit policy issues are the Wholesale Credit Risk Management Committee, the Retail Credit Risk Management Committee, the Risk Oversight Committee and the Board Risk Committee.
The Retail Credit Risk Management Committee (RCRMC) oversees exposures, which comprise unsecured personal lending (including small businesses), mortgages and credit cards. The RCRMC monitors the risk profile and performance of the retail portfolios by receipt of key risk measures and indicators at an individual portfolio level, ensuring mitigating actions taken to address performance are appropriate and timely. Metrics reviewed will consider portfolio composition and both an overall stock and new flow level.
The Wholesale Credit Risk Management Committee (WCRMC) oversees wholesale exposures, comprising lending to businesses, banks and other financial institutions. The WCRMC monitors exposure by country, industry sector, individual large exposures and exposures to sub-investment grade countries.
The monthly Wholesale and Retail Credit Risk Management Committees exercise oversight through review and challenge of the size and constitution of the portfolios when viewed against Group risk appetite for wholesale and retail credit risks. They are chaired by the Group Wholesale and Retail Credit Risk Directors.
Credit monitoring
Wholesale and corporate loans which are deemed to contain heightened levels of risk are recorded on early-warning or watch lists. These lists are graded in line with the perceived severity of the risk attached to the lending and its probability of default. The lists are updated on a monthly basis and are closely monitored.
Regardless of whether they are recorded on early-warning or watch lists, all wholesale and corporate loans are subject to a full review of all facilities on, at least, an annual basis. More frequent interim reviews may be undertaken should circumstances dictate.
Retail loans (which tend to comprise homogeneous assets) are monitored on a portfolio basis.
Credit risk measurement
Barclays uses statistical modelling techniques throughout its business in its credit rating systems. They enable a coherent approach to risk measurement across all credit exposures, retail and wholesale. The key building blocks in the measurement system are the probability of customer default (PD), exposure in the event of default (EAD), and severity of loss-given-default (LGD). The models are reviewed regularly to monitor their robustness relative to actual performance and amended as necessary to optimise their effectiveness.
For wholesale and corporate lending, Barclays assesses the credit quality of borrowers and other counterparties and assigns them an internal risk rating. Barclays credit rating contains 21 grades, representing the Groups best estimate of credit risk for a counterparty based on current economic conditions. Retail customers are not all assigned internal risk ratings in this way for account management purposes, therefore their probability of default is considered.
The Group considers Credit Risk Loans (defined as all customers overdue by 90 days or more, and/or individually impaired or restructured) and loan loss rates when assessing the credit performance of its loan portfolios, other than those held at fair value. For the purposes of historical and business unit comparison, loan loss rates are defined as total credit impairment charge (excluding available for sale assets and reverse repurchase agreements) divided by gross loans and advances to customers and banks (at amortised cost).
Credit risk mitigation
Where appropriate, the Group takes action to mitigate credit risk such as reducing amounts outstanding (in discussion with the customers, clients or counterparties if appropriate), using credit derivatives, securitising assets; and selling them.
Diversification to avoid unwanted credit risk concentrations is achieved through setting maximum exposure guidelines to individual counterparties. Excesses are reported to the Risk Oversight Committee and the Board Risk Committee. Mandate and scale limits are used to limit the stock of current exposures in a loan portfolio and the flow of new exposures into a loan portfolio. Limits are typically based on the tenor and nature of the lending.
Collateral and security
The Group routinely obtains collateral and security to mitigate credit risk.
The Group ensures that any collateral held is sufficiently liquid, legally effective, enforceable and regularly reassessed. Before attaching value to collateral, businesses holding specific, agreed classes of collateral must ensure that they are holding a correctly perfected charge.
Before reliance is placed on third party protection in the form of bank, government or corporate guarantees or credit derivative protection from financial intermediary counterparties, a credit assessment is undertaken.
Security structures and legal covenants are subject to regular review, at least annually, to ensure that they remain fit for purpose and remain consistent with accepted local market practice.
268 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
All loans and advances are categorised as either:
neither past due nor individually impaired;
past due but not individually impaired; or
individually impaired.
The impairment allowance includes allowances against financial assets that have been individually impaired and those subject to collective impairment.
Credit risk loans comprise loans and advances to banks and customers 90 days overdue or more and those subject to individual impairment. The coverage ratio is calculated by reference to the total impairment allowance and the carrying value (before impairment) of credit risk loans.
As at 31st December 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
Neither past £m |
Past due £m |
Individually £m |
Total £m |
Impairment £m |
Total £m |
Credit Risk £m |
Coverage % | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
|||||||||||||||||
Traded loans |
1,070 | | | 1,070 | | 1,070 | | | |||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: | |||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
29,182 | 875 | | 30,057 | | 30,057 | | | |||||||||
Other financial assets |
1,469 | | | 1,469 | | 1,469 | | | |||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
46,665 | 1,045 | 48 | 47,758 | (51 | ) | 47,707 | 48 | 100.0 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
|||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
126,363 | 7,413 | 1,608 | 135,384 | (307 | ) | 135,077 | 2,403 | 12.8 | ||||||||
Credit card receivables |
21,092 | 1,426 | 1,231 | 23,749 | (1,445 | ) | 22,304 | 1,990 | 72.6 | ||||||||
Other personal lending |
30,539 | 1,342 | 2,040 | 33,921 | (1,883 | ) | 32,038 | 2,685 | 70.1 | ||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances | 246,505 | 8,307 | 7,586 | 262,398 | (2,699 | ) | 259,699 | 8,277 | 32.6 | ||||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
12,367 | 285 | 234 | 12,886 | (189 | ) | 12,697 | 297 | 63.6 | ||||||||
Total
|
515,252
|
20,693
|
12,747
|
548,692
|
(6,574
|
)
|
542,118
|
15,700
|
41.9
| ||||||||
As at 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Neither past due nor individually impaired a £m |
Past due but not individually impaired b £m |
Individually impaired £m |
Total £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Total £m |
Credit Risk £m |
Coverage % | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
|||||||||||||||||
Traded loans |
1,780 | | | 1,780 | | 1,780 | | | |||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: | |||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
22,977 | 357 | | 23,334 | | 23,334 | | | |||||||||
Other financial assets |
98 | | | 98 | | 98 | | | |||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
37,601 | 2,522 | | 40,123 | (3 | ) | 40,120 | | | ||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: | |||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
100,323 | 5,813 | 615 | 106,751 | (132 | ) | 106,619 | 1,014 | 13.0 | ||||||||
Credit card receivables |
12,587 | 1,026 | 1,517 | 15,130 | (841 | ) | 14,289 | 1,568 | 53.6 | ||||||||
Other personal lending |
28,569 | 1,020 | 1,641 | 31,230 | (1,373 | ) | 29,857 | 1,822 | 75.4 | ||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances | 171,949 | 7,987 | 4,930 | 184,866 | (1,310 | ) | 183,556 | 5,058 | 25.9 | ||||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
10,890 | 159 | 141 | 11,190 | (113 | ) | 11,077 | 179 | 63.1 | ||||||||
Total
|
386,774
|
18,884
|
8,844
|
414,502
|
(3,772
|
)
|
410,730
|
9,641
|
39.1
|
Notes
a | Financial assets subject to collective impairment allowance are included in this column if they are not past due. |
b | Financial assets subject to collective impairment allowance are included in this column if they are past due. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
269 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
Credit quality of loans and advances neither past due nor individually impaired
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Strong £m |
Satisfactory £m |
Higher risk £m |
Total £m |
Strong £m |
Satisfactory £m |
Higher risk £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
||||||||||||||||
Traded loans |
759 | 220 | 91 | 1,070 | 223 | 1,228 | 329 | 1,780 | ||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: | ||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances |
25,665 | 2,792 | 725 | 29,182 | 13,687 | 6,186 | 3,104 | 22,977 | ||||||||
Other financial assets |
| 1,469 | | 1,469 | 98 | | | 98 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
40,181 | 6,384 | 100 | 46,665 | 35,635 | 1,955 | 11 | 37,601 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
82,363 | 42,770 | 1,230 | 126,363 | 60,563 | 38,000 | 1,760 | 100,323 | ||||||||
Credit card receivables |
| 20,426 | 666 | 21,092 | | 12,582 | 5 | 12,587 | ||||||||
Other personal lending |
7,549 | 21,750 | 1,240 | 30,539 | 5,061 | 22,619 | 889 | 28,569 | ||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
141,868 | 94,453 | 10,184 | 246,505 | 114,693 | 54,828 | 2,428 | 171,949 | ||||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
4,214 | 7,504 | 649 | 12,367 | 4,586 | 6,036 | 268 | 10,890 | ||||||||
Total loans and advances
|
302,599 |
197,768 |
14,885 |
515,252 |
234,546 |
143,434 |
8,794 |
386,774 |
For the purposes of the analysis of credit quality, the following internal measures of credit quality have been used:
Retail lending | Wholesale lending | |||||
Financial statements description
|
Probability of default
|
Probability of default
|
Default grade
| |||
Strong |
0.0-0.60% |
0.0-0.05%
|
1-3
| |||
Satisfactory |
0.60-10.00% |
0.60-2.15%
|
11-14
| |||
Higher risk
|
10.00% +
|
11.35% +
|
20-21
|
Financial statement descriptions can be summarised as follows:
Strong there is a very high likelihood of the asset being recovered in full.
Satisfactory whilst there is a high likelihood that the asset will be recovered and therefore, of no cause for concern to the Group, the asset may not be collateralised, or may relate to retail facilities, such as credit card balances and unsecured loans, which have been classified as satisfactory, regardless of the fact that the output of internal grading models may have indicated a higher classification. At the lower end of this grade there are customers that are being more carefully monitored, for example, corporate customers which are indicating some evidence of some deterioration, mortgages with a high loan to value ratio, and unsecured retail loans operating outside normal product guidelines.
Higher risk there is concern over the obligors ability to make payments when due. However, these have not yet converted to actual delinquency. There may also be doubts over value of collateral or security provided. However, the borrower or counterparty is continuing to make payments when due and is expected to settle all outstanding amounts of principal and interest.
270 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Loans and advances that are past due but not individually impaired
An age analysis of loans and advances that are past due but not individually impaired is set out below.
For the purposes of this analysis an asset is considered past due and included below when any payment due under strict contractual terms is received late or missed. The amount included is the entire financial asset, not just the payment, of principal or interest or both, overdue.
The table below provides a breakdown of total financial assets past due but not individually impaired. In general, retail and wholesale loans fall into this category for two separate reasons. Retail loans and advances to customers may come under this category because the impairment allowance on such loans is calculated on a collective not individual basis. This reflects the homogenous nature of the assets, which allows statistical techniques to be used, rather than individual assessment.
In contrast, some loans to wholesale and corporate customers and banks may come under this category because of instances where a payment on a loan is past due without requiring an individual impairment allowance. For example, an individual impairment allowance will not be required when a loss is not expected due to a corporate loan being fully secured or collateralised. As a result, it is past due but not individually impaired.
2008 | ||||||||||||||
Past due £m |
Past due 1-2 months £m |
Past due 2-3 months £m |
Past due 3-6 months £m |
Past due 6 months and over £m |
Total £m |
Of which Credit Risk Loans £m | ||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: |
||||||||||||||
Loans and advances
|
315 | 147 | 81 | 82 | 250 | 875 | | |||||||
Loans and advances to banks
|
1,044 |
1 |
|
|
|
1,045 |
| |||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
4,420 | 1,568 | 630 | 713 | 82 | 7,413 | 795 | |||||||
Credit card receivables |
293 | 224 | 150 | 291 | 468 | 1,426 | 759 | |||||||
Other personal lending |
220 | 204 | 273 | 338 | 307 | 1,342 | 645 | |||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
6,229 | 540 | 847 | 477 | 214 | 8,307 | 691 | |||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
130 | 53 | 39 | 63 | | 285 | 63 | |||||||
Total loans and advances to customers
|
11,292 |
2,589 |
1,939 |
1,882 |
1,071 |
18,773 |
2,953 | |||||||
Total financial assets past due but not individually impaired
|
12,651 |
2,737 |
2,020 |
1,964 |
1,321 |
20,693 |
2,953 | |||||||
2007 | ||||||||||||||
Past due up to 1 month £m |
Past due 1-2 months £m |
Past due months |
Past due 3-6 months £m |
Past due 6 months and over £m |
Total £m |
Of which Risk Loans | ||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: |
||||||||||||||
Loans and advances
|
261 | 4 | 1 | 24 | 67 | 357 | | |||||||
Loans and advances to banks
|
2,031 |
305 |
186 |
|
|
2,522 |
| |||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
3,609 | 1,349 | 456 | 215 | 184 | 5,813 | 399 | |||||||
Credit card receivables |
558 | 155 | 107 | 205 | 1 | 1,026 | 51 | |||||||
Other personal lending |
271 | 199 | 193 | 152 | 205 | 1,020 | 181 | |||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
6,970 | 622 | 267 | 62 | 66 | 7,987 | 128 | |||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
75 | 28 | 18 | 38 | | 159 | 38 | |||||||
Total loans and advances to customers
|
11,483
|
2,353
|
1,041
|
672
|
456
|
16,005
|
797
| |||||||
Total financial assets past due but not individually impaired
|
13,775
|
2,662
|
1,228
|
696
|
523
|
18,884
|
797
|
Loans and advances individually assessed as impaired
An analysis of financial assets individually assessed as impaired is as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Original £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Revised carrying amount £m |
Original carrying amount £m |
Impairment allowance £m |
Revised carrying amount £m | |||||||||
Loans and advances to banks individually impaired
|
48
|
(44
|
)
|
4
|
|
|
|
| ||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
1,608 | (227 | ) | 1,381 | 615 | (88 | ) | 527 | ||||||
Credit card receivables |
1,231 | (727 | ) | 504 | 1,517 | (725 | ) | 792 | ||||||
Other personal lending |
2,040 | (1,250 | ) | 790 | 1,641 | (1,030 | ) | 611 | ||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
7,586 | (2,310 | ) | 5,276 | 4,930 | (944 | ) | 3,986 | ||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
234 | (140 | ) | 94 | 141 | (102 | ) | 39 | ||||||
Total loans and advances individually impaired
|
12,747
|
(4,698
|
)
|
8,049
|
8,844
|
(2,889
|
)
|
5,955
| ||||||
Collective impairment allowance
|
(1,876
|
)
|
(883
|
)
|
||||||||||
Total impairment allowance
|
(6,574
|
)
|
(3,772
|
)
|
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
271 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
The movements on the impairment allowance during the year were as follows:
2008 | |||||||||||||||||||
At beginning of year £m |
Acquisitions and disposals £m |
Unwind discount |
Exchange and other adjustments £m |
Amounts £m |
Recoveries £m |
Amounts charged to income statement £m |
Balance at 31st December | ||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
7 |
40 |
51 | ||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
|||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
132 | | (35 | ) | 19 | (44 | ) | 3 | 232 | 307 | |||||||||
Credit card receivables |
841 | 306 | (68 | ) | 94 | (845 | ) | 69 | 1,048 | 1,445 | |||||||||
Other personal lending |
1,373 | 1 | (32 | ) | 134 | (525 | ) | 42 | 890 | 1,883 | |||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances | 1,310 | | | 506 | (1,428 | ) | 41 | 2,270 | 2,699 | ||||||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
113 | | | 37 | (77) | 12 | 104 | 189 | |||||||||||
Total loans and advances to customers
|
3,769 |
307 |
|
(135) |
|
790 |
(2,919) |
|
167 |
4,544 |
6,523 | ||||||||
Total impairment allowance
|
3,772 |
307 |
|
(135) |
|
791 |
(2,919) |
|
174 |
4,584 |
6,574 | ||||||||
2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
At £m |
Acquisitions £m |
Unwind of discount |
Exchange £m |
Amounts £m |
Recoveries £m |
Amounts charged to income statement £m |
Balance at 31st | ||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks
|
4 | | | | (1) | 13 | (13) | 3 | |||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers: |
|||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
124 | | | 2 | (5 | ) | 5 | 6 | 132 | ||||||||||
Credit card receivables |
1,030 | (75 | ) | (60 | ) | 4 | (819 | ) | 103 | 658 | 841 | ||||||||
Other personal lending |
1,139 | | (53 | ) | 10 | (668 | ) | 54 | 891 | 1,373 | |||||||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances | 939 | 1 | | 37 | (440 | ) | 46 | 727 | 1,310 | ||||||||||
Finance lease receivables
|
99 | 1 | | | (30 | ) | 6 | 37 | 113 | ||||||||||
Total loans and advances to customers
|
3,331 |
(73) |
|
(113) |
|
53 |
(1,962) |
|
214 |
2,319 |
3,769 | ||||||||
Total impairment allowance
|
3,335 |
(73) |
|
(113) |
|
53 |
(1,963) |
|
227 |
2,306 |
3,772 |
Loan Loss Rates |
|||||||||||
Gross loans and |
Impairment allowance £m |
Loans and advances net of impairment £m |
Impairment £m |
Loan Loss Rate | |||||||
As at 31st December 2008 |
516,096 | (6,574 | ) | 509,522 | 4,913 | 95 | |||||
As at 31st December 2007 |
389,290 | (3,772 | ) | 385,518 | 2,782 | 71 |
272 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Renegotiated loans and advances
Loans and advances are generally renegotiated either as part of an ongoing customer relationship or in response to an adverse change in the circumstances of the borrower. In the latter case renegotiation can result in an extension of the due date of payment or repayment plans under which the Group offers a concessionary rate of interest to genuinely distressed borrowers. This will result in the asset continuing to be overdue and will be individually impaired where the renegotiated payments of interest and principal will not recover the original carrying amount of the asset. In other cases, renegotiation will lead to a new agreement, which is treated as a new loan.
Collateral and other credit enhancements held
Financial assets that are past due or individually assessed as impaired may be partially or fully collateralised or subject to other forms of credit enhancement.
Assets in these categories subject to collateralisation are mainly corporate loans, residential mortgage loans and finance lease receivables. Credit card receivables and other personal lending are generally unsecured (although in some instances a charge over the borrowers property of other assets may be sought).
Corporate loans
Security is usually taken in the form of a fixed charge over the borrowers property or a floating charge over the assets of the borrower. Loan covenants may be put in place to safeguard the Groups financial position. If the exposure is sufficiently large, either individually or at the portfolio level, credit protection in the form of guarantees, credit derivatives or insurance may be taken out.
For these and other reasons collateral given is only accurately valued on origination of the loan or in the course of enforcement actions and as a result it is not practicable to estimate the fair value of the collateral held.
Residential mortgage loans
These are secured by a fixed charge over the property.
A description and the estimated fair value of collateral held in respect of residential mortgage loans that are past due or individually assessed as impaired is as follows:
Nature of assets |
||||
2008 Fair value £m |
2007 Fair value £m | |||
Residential property |
7,264 | 6,488 |
Collateral included in the above table reflects the Groups interest in the property in the event of default. That held in the form of charges against residential property in the UK is restricted to the outstanding loan balance. In other territories, where the Group is not obliged to return any sale proceeds to the mortgagee, the full estimated fair value has been included.
Finance lease receivables
The net investment in the lease is secured through retention of legal title to the leased assets.
Collateral and other credit enhancements obtained
The carrying value of assets held by the Group as at 31st December 2008 as a result of the enforcement of collateral was as follows:
Nature of assets |
||||
2008 Carrying amount £m |
2007 Carrying amount £m | |||
Residential property |
171 | 34 | ||
Commercial and industrial property |
2 | 1 | ||
Other credit enhancements
|
61 | | ||
Total
|
234 |
35 |
Any properties repossessed are made available for sale in an orderly and timely fashion, with any proceeds realised being used to reduce or repay the outstanding loan. For business customers, in some circumstances, where excess funds are available after repayment in full of the outstanding loan, they are offered to any other, lower ranked, secured lenders. Any additional funds are returned to the customer. Barclays does not, as a rule, occupy repossessed properties for its business use.
The Group does not use assets obtained in its operations. Assets obtained are normally sold, generally at auction, or realised in an orderly manner for the maximum benefit of the Group, the borrower and the borrowers other creditors in accordance with the relevant insolvency regulations.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
273 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
47 Credit risk (continued)
Debt securities
Trading portfolio assets, financial assets designated at fair value and available for sale assets are measured on a fair value basis. The fair value will reflect, among other things, the credit risk of the issuer.
Most listed and some unlisted securities are rated by external rating agencies. The Group mainly uses external credit ratings provided by Standard & Poors or Moodys. Where such ratings are not available or are not current, the Group will use its own internal ratings for the securities.
An analysis of the credit quality of the Groups debt securities is set out below:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
AAA to BBB- £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B- and below £m |
Total £m |
AAA to BBB- £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B- and below £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
Trading portfolio: |
||||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,491 | 53 | | 4,544 | 1,984 | 110 | | 2,094 | ||||||||
Debt securities
|
141,454 | 5,556 | 1,676 | 148,686 | 143,161 | 8,958 | 659 | 152,778 | ||||||||
Total trading portfolio
|
145,945 |
5,609 |
1,676 |
153,230 |
145,145 |
9,068 |
659 |
154,872 | ||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: |
||||||||||||||||
Debt securities
|
1,222 | 7,406 | | 8,628 | 10,010 | 14,207 | | 24,217 | ||||||||
Available for sale financial investments: |
||||||||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
2,823 | 1,180 | | 4,003 | 2,130 | 593 | | 2,723 | ||||||||
Debt securities
|
55,817 | 2,347 | 667 | 58,831 | 36,623 | 1,528 | 522 | 38,673 | ||||||||
Total available for sale financial investments
|
58,640 |
3,527 |
667 |
62,834 |
38,753 |
2,121 |
522 |
41,396 | ||||||||
Total debt securities
|
205,807 |
16,542 |
2,343 |
224,692 |
193,908 |
25,396 |
1,181 |
220,485 | ||||||||
%
|
91.6 |
7.4 |
1.0 |
100.0 |
88.0 |
11.5 |
0.5 |
100 |
In addition to the above, there are impaired available for sale debt securities with a carrying value at 31st December 2008 of £329m (2007: £432m), after a write-down of £363m (2007: £13m).
Collateral is not generally obtained directly from the issuers of debt securities. Certain debt securities may be collateralised by specifically identified assets that would be obtained in the event of default.
Derivatives
Derivatives are measured on a fair value basis.
The credit quality of the Groups derivative assets according to the credit quality of the counterparty at 31st December 2008 and 2007 was as follows:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
AAA to BBB- £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B and below £m |
Total £m |
AAABBB- £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B and below £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
Derivatives
|
939,071 |
42,266 |
3,465 |
984,802 |
243,491 |
3,630 |
967 |
248,088 | ||||||||
%
|
95.3 |
4.3 |
0.4 |
100.0 |
98.1 |
1.5 |
0.4 |
100.0 |
Credit risk from derivatives is mitigated where possible through netting agreements whereby derivative assets and liabilities with the same counterparty can be offset. Group policy requires all netting arrangements to be legally documented. The ISDA Master Agreement is the Groups preferred agreement for documenting OTC derivatives. It provides the contractual framework within which dealing activities across a full range of OTC products are conducted and contractually binds both parties to apply close-out netting across all outstanding transactions covered by an agreement if either party defaults or other pre-determined events occur.
Collateral is obtained against derivative assets, depending on the creditworthiness of the counterparty and/or nature of the transaction. Any collateral taken in respect of OTC trading exposures will be subject to a haircut which is negotiated at the time of signing the collateral agreement. A haircut is the valuation percentage applicable to each type of collateral and will be largely based on liquidity and price volatility of the underlying security. The collateral obtained for derivatives is either cash, direct debt obligation government (G14+) bonds denominated in the domestic currency of the issuing country, debt issued by supranationals or letters of credit issued by an institution with a long-term unsecured debt rating of A+/A3 or better. Where the Group has ISDA master agreements, the collateral document will be the ISDA Credit Support Annex (CSA). The collateral document must give Barclays the power to realise any collateral placed with it in the event of the failure of the counterparty, and to place further collateral when requested or in the event of insolvency, administration or similar processes, as well as in the case of early termination.
Derivative assets and liabilities would be £917,074m (2007: £215,585m) lower than reported if netting were permitted for assets and liabilities with the same counterparty or for which the Group holds cash collateral.
274 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
47 Credit risk (continued)
Reverse repurchase agreements
Reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowing arrangements are collateralised loans typically of short maturities.
The loans are fully collateralised with highly liquid securities legally transferred to the Group. The level of collateral is monitored daily and further collateral called when required.
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
AAA to BBB £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B and below £m |
Total £m |
AAA to BBB £m |
BB+ to B £m |
B and below £m |
Total £m | |||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value held on own account: |
||||||||||||||||
Other financial assets |
3,882 | 3,401 | | 7,283 | 3,056 | | | 3,056 | ||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements
|
122,188 | 6,101 | 2,065 | 130,354 | 180,637 | 2,391 | 47 | 183,075 | ||||||||
Total Reverse repurchase agreements
|
126,070 |
9,502 |
2,065 |
137,637 |
183,693 |
2,391 |
47 |
186,131 | ||||||||
%
|
91.6 |
6.9 |
1.5 |
100.0 |
98.7 |
1.3 |
|
100.0 |
No reverse repurchase agreements held by the Group at 31st December 2008 or 2007 were individually impaired, however during the year, the Group wrote off £124m of reverse repurchase agreements (2007: £nil).
Other credit risk assets
The Groups other assets that are subject to credit risk are cash with central banks of £30,019m (2007: £5,801m), items in course of collection from other Banks £1,695m (2007: £1,836m), other financial assets £3,096m (2007: £3,966m).
Cash and balances at central banks
Substantially all balances are held with central banks. There is limited credit risk in relation to balances at central banks.
Items in the course of collection from other banks
There is limited credit risk in relation to items in the course of collection through the clearing system from other banks.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets comprise £3,096m (2007: £3,966m) of other assets and £609m (2007: £548m) of assets held at fair value.
Off-balance sheet
The Group applies fundamentally the same risk management policies for off-balance sheet risks as it does for its on-balance sheet risks. In the case of committments to lend, customers and counterparties will be subject to the same credit management policies as for loans and advances. Collateral may be sought depending on the strength of the counterparty and the nature of the transaction.
Credit market exposures
Barclays Capitals credit market exposures primarily relate to US residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and leveraged finance businesses that have been significantly impacted by the continued deterioration in the global credit markets. The exposures include both significant positions subject to fair value movements in the profit and loss account and positions that are classified as loans and advances and available for sale. None of the exposure disclosed below has been reclassified to loans and advances under the amendments to IAS 39.
The exposures are set out by asset class below:
US Residential Mortgages | As at 31.12.08 £m |
As at 31.12.07 £m | ||
ABS CDO Super Senior
|
3,104 |
4,671 | ||
Other US sub- prime
|
3,441 |
5,037 | ||
Alt-A
|
4,288 |
4,916 | ||
US RMBS exposure wrapped by monoline insurers
|
1,639 |
730 | ||
Commercial mortgages
|
||||
Commercial real estate |
11,578 | 11,103 | ||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |
735 | 1,296 | ||
CMBS exposure wrapped by monoline insurers
|
1,854 | 197 | ||
Other Credit Market Exposures
|
||||
Leveraged finance
|
10,391 |
9,027 | ||
SIVs and SIV-Lites
|
963 |
784 | ||
CDPCs
|
150 |
19 | ||
CLO and other exposure wrapped by monoline insurers
|
4,939 |
408 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
275 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
48 Market risk
Market risk management
Market risk is the risk that Barclays earnings or capital, or its ability to meet business objectives, will be adversely affected by changes in the level or volatility of market rates or prices such as interest rates, credit spreads, commodity prices, equity prices and foreign exchange rates. Market risk mainly arises from trading activities. Barclays is also exposed to market risk through interest rate risk on its non-trading activities and through the pension fund.
Organisation and structure
The Board approves market risk appetite for trading and non-trading activities. The Market Risk Director is responsible for the Market Risk Control Framework and, under delegated authority from the Group Risk Director, sets a limit framework within the context of the approved market risk appetite. A daily market risk report summarises Barclays market risk exposures against agreed limits. This daily report is sent to the Group Risk Director, the Market Risk Director, the Group Finance Director and the appropriate Business Risk Directors.
The head of each business, assisted by the business risk management team, is accountable for all market risks associated with its activities. Each business is responsible for the identification, measurement, management, control and reporting of market risk as outlined in Barclays Market Risk Control Framework. Oversight and support is provided to the business by the Market Risk Director, assisted by the central market risk team. The Market Risk Committee reviews, approves, and makes recommendations concerning the market risk profile across Barclays including risk appetite, limits and utilisation. The Committee meets monthly and is chaired by the Market Risk Director. Attendees include the Risk Director, respective business risk managers and senior managers from the central market risk team.
Traded market risk
Barclays policy is to concentrate trading activities in Barclays Capital. This includes transactions where Barclays Capital acts as principal with clients or with the market. For maximum efficiency, client and market activities are managed together.
Risk measurement and control
The measurement techniques used to measure and control traded market risk include Daily Value at Risk (DVaR), Expected Shortfall (ES), stress testing and scenario testing.
DVaR is an estimate of the potential loss arising from unfavourable market movements, if the current positions were to be held unchanged for one business day. Barclays Capital uses the historical simulation method with a two year unweighted historical period.
In 2008, the confidence level was changed to 95% from 98% as an increasing incidence of significant market movements made the existing measure more volatile and less effective for risk management purposes. Switching to 95% made DVaR more stable and consequently improved management, transparency and control of the market risk profile.
The historical simulation calculation can be split into three parts:
Calculate hypothetical daily profit or loss for each position over the most recent two years, using observed daily market moves.
Sum hypothetical profit or losses, for day 1 giving one total profit or loss. This is repeated for all other days in the two year history.
DVaR is the 95th percentile selected from the two years of daily hypothetical total profit or loss.
The DVaR model has been approved by the FSA to calculate regulatory capital for the trading book. The approval covers general market risk in interest rate, foreign exchange, commodities and equity products, and issuer specific risk for the majority of single name and portfolio traded credit products.
DVaR is an important market risk measurement and control tool and consequently the model is regularly assessed. The main approach employed is the technique known as back-testing which counts the number of days when a loss (as defined by the FSA in BIPRU 7.10), exceeds the corresponding DVaR estimate, measured at the 99% confidence level.
The FSA categorises a DVaR model as green (being best), amber or red. A green model is consistent with a good working DVaR model and is achieved for models that have four or less back-testing exceptions in a 12-month period. For Barclays Capitals trading book, green model status was maintained for 2008 and 2007.
276 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
48 Market risk (continued)
To further improve the control framework, formal daily monitoring of ES was started. This metric is the average of all the hypothetical losses beyond DVaR. Other controls, includes stress testing and scenario testing.
Stress testing provides an indication of the potential size of losses that could arise in extreme conditions. It helps to identify risk concentrations across business lines and assist senior management in capital planning decisions. A variety of different types of stress tests are performed in order to fulfil the objectives of stress testing. The global asset class stress tests have been designed to cover major asset classes including interest rate, credit spread, commodity, equity, foreign exchange rates and emerging markets.
Stress results are produced at least fortnightly. If a potential stress loss exceeds the corresponding trigger limit, the positions captured by the stress test are reviewed and discussed by Barclays Capital market risk management and the respective Barclays Capital business heads. The minutes of the discussion, including the merits of the position and the appropriate course of action, are then sent to the Market Risk Director for review.
Scenario tests are hypothetical events which could lead to extreme yet plausible stress type moves under which profitability is seriously challenged. The scenarios are devised by senior risk managers and economists and are reviewed quarterly. Examples include Global pandemic, Problems with GBP sovereign issuances and Liquidity crisis. The scenarios are calculated at least fortnightly and the results are included in the Traded Positions Risk Review meeting information pack.
Analysis of traded market risk exposures
Barclays Capital market risk exposure, as measured by average total DVaR (95%), increased by 64% to £53.4m in 2008. This was mainly due to higher market volatility within the credit spread and interest rate DVaRs.
Total DVaR increased significantly in the fourth quarter, mainly due to extreme market volatility following the failure of several financial intuitions and a material deterioration in the global economic outlook. Total DVaR (95%) at 31st December 2008 was £86.6m (31st December 2007: £39.6m), which was within limit.
On a 98% basis, average total DVaR increased 82% to £76.5m.
The daily average, maximum and minimum values of DVaR, 95% and 98%, were calculated as below.
DVaR (95%) | ||||||||||||||
12 months to 31st December 2008 |
12 months to 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||
Average |
High £m |
Low £m |
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m | |||||||||
Interest rate risk |
28.9 | 47.8 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 26.5 | 10.0 | ||||||||
Credit spread risk |
31.1 | 71.7 | 15.4 | 17.3 | 28.0 | 10.8 | ||||||||
Commodity risk |
18.1 | 25.4 | 12.5 | 15.3 | 19.0 | 10.7 | ||||||||
Equity risk |
9.1 | 21.0 | 4.8 | 8.0 | 12.1 | 4.5 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange risk |
5.9 | 13.0 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 7.2 | 2.1 | ||||||||
Diversification effect a
|
(39.7 | ) | n/a | n/a | (27.2 | ) | n/a | n/a | ||||||
Total DVaR
|
53.4
|
|
95.2
|
35.5
|
32.5
|
|
40.9
|
25.2
|
DVaR (98%) | ||||||||||||||
12 months to 31st December 2008 |
12 months to 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||
Average |
High £m |
Low £m |
Average £m |
High £m |
Low £m | |||||||||
Interest rate risk |
45.0 | 80.9 | 21.0 | 20.0 | 33.3 | 12.6 | ||||||||
Credit spread risk |
54.0 | 143.4 | 30.1 | 24.9 | 43.3 | 14.6 | ||||||||
Commodity risk |
23.9 | 39.6 | 16.5 | 20.2 | 27.2 | 14.8 | ||||||||
Equity risk |
12.8 | 28.9 | 6.7 | 11.2 | 17.6 | 7.3 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange risk |
8.1 | 21.0 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 9.6 | 2.9 | ||||||||
Diversification effect a
|
(67.3 | ) | n/a | n/a | (39.2 | ) | n/a | n/a | ||||||
Total DVaR
|
76.5
|
|
158.8
|
47.5
|
42.0
|
|
59.3
|
33.1
|
The average ES in 2008 was £70.0m, a rise of £34.7m compared with 2007.
Note
a | The high (and low) DVaR figures reported for each category did not necessarily occur on the same day as the high (and low) DVaR reported as a whole. Consequently a diversification effect number for the high (and low) DVaR figures would not be meaningful and it is therefore omitted from the above table. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
277 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
48 Market risk (continued)
Non-trading interest rate risk
Non-traded interest rate risk arises from the provision of retail and wholesale (non-traded) banking products and services.
Barclays objective is to minimise non-traded risk. This is achieved by transferring risk from the business to a local treasury or Group Treasury, who in turn hedge the net exposure with the external market. Limits exist to ensure no material risk is retained within any business or product area. The majority of exposures are within Global Retail and Commercial Banking .
Risk measurement and control
The techniques used to measure and control non-traded interest rate risk include Annual Earnings at Risk, DVaR and Stress Testing. Book limits such as foreign exchange and interest position limits are also in place.
Annual Earnings at Risk (AEaR) measures the sensitivity of net interest income (NII) over the next 12 months. It is calculated as the difference between the estimated income using the current yield curve and the lowest estimated income following a 100 basis points increase or decrease in interest rates.
DVaR is also used as a complementary tool to AEaR.
Stress testing is also carried out by the business centres and is reviewed by senior management and business-level asset and liability committees. The stress testing is tailored to the business and typically incorporates scenario analysis and historical stress movements applied to respective portfolios.
Analysis of Net Interest Income sensitivity
The tables below show the pre-tax net interest income sensitivity for the non-trading financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31st December 2008. The sensitivity has been measured using AEaR methodology as described above. The benchmark interest rate for each currency is set as at 31st December 2008. The figures include the effect of hedging instruments but exclude exposures held or issued by Barclays Capital as these are measured and managed using DVaR.
Net interest in come sensitivity(AEaR) by currency |
| |||||||||||
+100 basis points 2008 £m |
100 basis points 2008 £m |
+100 basis points 2007 £m |
100 basis points 2007 £m |
|||||||||
GBP |
3 | (273 | ) | 36 | (37 | ) | ||||||
USD |
(25 | ) | 7 | (3 | ) | 1 | ||||||
EUR |
(34 | ) | 30 | (23 | ) | 23 | ||||||
ZAR |
13 | (13 | ) | 19 | (19 | ) | ||||||
Others
|
| (8 | ) | 4 | (5 | ) | ||||||
Total
|
(43 | ) | (257 | ) | 33 | (37 | ) | |||||
As percentage of net interest in come
|
(0.37% | ) | (2.24% | ) | 0.34% | (0.39% | ) |
Non-traded interest rate risk, as measured by AEaR, was £257m in 2008, an increase of £220m compared to 2007. This estimate takes into account the rates in place as at 31st December 2008. The increase mainly reflects the reduced spread generated on retail and commercial banking liabilities in the lower interest rate environment. If the interest rate hedges had not been in place then the AEaR risk for 2008 would have been £670m.
DVaR is also used to control market risk in GRCB Western Europe, and Group Treasury. The indicative average DVaRs for 2008, using a simplified DVaR approach, were £1.3m and £0.6m respectively.
Analysis of Equity sensitivity
+100 basis points 2008 £m |
100 basis points 2008 £m |
+100 basis points 2007 £m |
100 basis points 2007 £m |
|||||||||
Net interest income |
(43 | ) | (257 | ) | 33 | (37 | ) | |||||
Taxation effects on the above
|
6 | 33 | (9 | ) | 10 | |||||||
Effect on profit for the year
|
(37 | ) | (224 | ) | 24 | (27 | ) | |||||
As percentage of net profit after tax
|
(0.70% | ) | (4.24% | ) | 0.47% | (0.53% | ) | |||||
Effect on profit for the year (per above) |
(37 | ) | (224 | ) | 24 | (27 | ) | |||||
Available for sale reserve |
(806 | ) | 806 | (390 | ) | 390 | ||||||
Cash flow hedging reserve |
(473 | ) | 474 | (476 | ) | 476 | ||||||
Taxation effects on the above
|
166 | (166 | ) | 242 | (242 | ) | ||||||
Effect on equity
|
(1,150 | ) | 890 | (600 | ) | 597 | ||||||
As a percentage of equity
|
(2.43% | ) | 1.88% | (1.85% | ) | 1.84% |
278 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
48 Market risk (continued)
Foreign exchange risk
The Group is exposed to two sources of foreign exchange risk.
(a) Transactional foreign currency exposure
Transactional foreign exchange exposures represent exposure on banking assets and liabilities, denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the transacting entity.
The Groups risk management policies prevent the holding of significant open positions in foreign currencies outside the trading portfolio managed by Barclays Capital which is monitored through DVaR.
There were no material net transactional foreign currency exposures outside the trading portfolio at either 31st December 2008 or 2007. Due to the low level of non-trading exposures no reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates would have a material effect on either the Groups profit or movements in equity for the year ended 31st December 2008 or 2007.
(b) Translational foreign exchange exposure
The Groups translational foreign currency exposure arises from both its capital resources (including investments in subsidiaries and branches, intangible assets, minority interests and debt capital) and risk weighted assets denominated in non-Sterling currencies. Changes in foreign exchange rates result in changes in the Sterling equivalent value of non-Sterling denominated capital resources and risk weighted assets. As a result, the Groups regulatory capital ratios are sensitive to foreign exchange rate movements.
The Groups hedge strategy is to minimise the volatility of all capital ratios whilst taking into account the impact on hedging of non-Sterling net investments, the cost of hedging, the availability of a suitable foreign exchange market and prevailing foreign exchange rates.
To minimise volatility in the equity ratio, the Group aims over time to maintain the ratio of foreign currency equity capital resources to RWAs the same as the Groups equity ratio. To create equity capital resources denominated in non-Sterling currencies, the Group leaves some investments in core non-Sterling subsidiaries and branches un-hedged. The resultant change in the Sterling value of the investments is captured in the currency translation reserve, resulting in an equity capital movement.
Depending on the value of non-Sterling net investments, it may not always be possible to maintain the ratio, leaving some capital ratio sensitivity to foreign exchange movements.
The proceeds from equity accounted foreign currency preference shares are also used in the equity ratio hedge. If a preference share is redeemed, the cumulative movement in the currency translation reserve will be offset by an equal and opposite movement in other reserves reflecting the revaluation of the preference shares to prevailing foreign exchange rates.
The exposure of Tier 1 and Total capital ratios is managed by issuing, where possible, debt capital in non-Sterling currencies such that the ratio of Tier 1 and total capital resources to risk weighted assets is the same as the Groups Tier 1 and Total capital ratios. This is primarily achieved by the issuance of debt capital from Barclays Bank PLC in major currencies, but can also be achieved by subsidiaries issuing capital in local currencies.
The carrying value of the Groups foreign currency net investments in subsidiaries and branches and the foreign currency borrowings and derivatives used to hedge them as at 31st December 2008 were as follows:
At 31st December 2008 Functional currency of the operation involved
|
Foreign currency net investments £m |
Borrowings which hedge the net investments £m |
Derivatives which hedge the net investments £m |
Structural £m |
Economic hedges £m |
Remaining structural currency exposures £m |
||||||||
United States Dollar |
14,577 | 6,019 | | 8,558 | 6,720 | 1,838 | ||||||||
Euro |
6,336 | 2,922 | | 3,414 | 3,125 | 289 | ||||||||
Rand |
3,725 | | 1,306 | 2,419 | 164 | 2,255 | ||||||||
Japanese Yen |
5,009 | 801 | 4,212 | (4 | ) | | (4 | ) | ||||||
Swiss Franc |
3,042 | 2,936 | 101 | 5 | | 5 | ||||||||
Other
|
2,940 | | 880 | 2,060 | | 2,060 | ||||||||
Total
|
35,629 | 12,678 | 6,499 | 16,452 | 10,009 | 6,443 |
At 31st December 2007 Functional currency of the operation involved
|
Foreign currency net investments £m |
Borrowings which hedge the net investments £m |
Derivatives which hedge the net investments £m |
Structural £m |
Economic hedges £m |
Remaining structural currency exposures £m |
|||||||
United States Dollar |
3,273 | 1,000 | | 2,273 | 3,575 | (1,302 | ) | ||||||
Euro |
3,690 | 1,506 | | 2,184 | 2,387 | (203 | ) | ||||||
Rand |
3,205 | | 2,599 | 606 | 165 | 441 | |||||||
Japanese Yen |
2,986 | 180 | 2,773 | 33 | | 33 | |||||||
Swiss Franc |
2,140 | | 2,131 | 9 | | 9 | |||||||
Other
|
1,847 | 53 | 465 | 1,329 | | 1,329 | |||||||
Total
|
17,141 | 2,739 | 7,968 | 6,434 | 6,127 | 307 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
279 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
48 Market risk (continued)
The economic hedges represent the US Dollar and Euro Preference Shares and Reserve Capital Instruments in issue that are treated as equity under IFRS, and do not qualify as hedges for accounting purposes.
The impact of a change in the exchange rate between Sterling and any of the major currencies would be:
A higher or lower Sterling equivalent value of non-Sterling denominated capital resources and risk weighted assets. This includes a higher or lower currency translation reserve within equity, representing the retranslation of non-Sterling subsidiaries, branches and associated undertakings net of the impact of foreign exchange rate changes on derivatives and borrowings designated as hedges of net investments.
A higher or lower profit after tax, arising from changes in the exchange rates used to translate items in the consolidated income statement.
A higher or lower value of available for sale investments denominated in foreign currencies, impacting the available for sale reserve.
49 Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group is unable to meet its obligations when they fall due as a result of customer deposits being withdrawn, cash requirements from contractual commitments, or other cash outflows, such as debt maturities. Such outflows would deplete available cash resources for client lending, trading activities and investments. In extreme circumstances lack of liquidity could result in reductions in balance sheet and sales of assets, or potentially an inability to fulfil lending commitments. The risk that it will be unable to do so is inherent in all banking operations and can be affected by a range of institution-specific and market-wide events including, but not limited to, credit events, merger and acquisition activity, systemic shocks and natural disasters.
Liquidity risk management and measurement
Liquidity management within the Group has several components.
Intraday liquidity
The need to monitor, manage and control intraday liquidity in real time is recognised by the Group as a critical process: any failure to meet specific intraday commitments would have significant consequences, such as visible market disruption.
The Group policy is that each operation must ensure that it has access to sufficient intraday liquidity to meet any obligations it may have to clearing and settlement systems. Major currency payment flows and payment system collateral are monitored and managed in real time to ensure that at all times there is sufficient collateral to make payments. The Group actively engages in payment system development to help ensure that new payment systems are robust.
Day to day funding
Day to day funding is managed through limits on wholesale borrowings, secured borrowings and funding mismatches. These ensure that on any day and over any period there is a limited amount of refinancing required. These requirements include replacement of funds as liabilities mature or are borrowed by customers. The Retail and Commercial Bank together with Wealth maintain no reliance on wholesale funding. The Group maintains an active presence in global money markets through Barclays Capital, and monitors and manages the wholesale money market capacity for the Groups name to enable that to happen.
In addition to cash flow management, Treasury also monitors term mismatches between assets and liabilities, as well as the level and type of undrawn lending commitments, the usage of overdraft facilities and the impact of contingent liabilities such as standby letters of credit and guarantees.
Liquid assets
The Group maintains a portfolio of highly marketable assets including UK, US and Euro-area government bonds that can be sold or funded on a secured basis as protection against any unforeseen interruption to cash flow. The Group accesses secured funding markets in these assets on a regular basis. The Group does not rely on committed funding lines for protection against unforeseen interruptions to cash flow.
Diversification of liquidity sources
Sources of liquidity are regularly reviewed to maintain a wide diversification by currency, geography, provider, product and term. In addition, to avoid reliance on a particular group of customers or market sectors, the distribution of sources and the maturity profile of deposits are also carefully managed. Important factors in assuring liquidity are strength of relationships and the maintenance of depositors confidence. Such confidence is based on a number of factors including the Groups reputation and relationship with those clients, the strength of earnings and the Groups financial position.
Structural liquidity
An important source of structural liquidity is provided by our core retail deposits in the UK, Europe and Africa, mainly current accounts and savings accounts. Although current accounts are repayable on demand and savings accounts at short notice, the Groups broad base of customers numerically and by depositor type helps to protect against unexpected fluctuations. Such accounts form a stable funding base for the Groups operations and liquidity needs.
The Group policy is to fund the balance sheet assets of the Retail and Commercial Bank together with Wealth and Head office functions on a global basis with customer deposits and capital without recourse to the wholesale markets. This provides protection from the liquidity risk of wholesale market funding. The exception to this policy is Absa, which has a large portion of wholesale funding due to the structural nature of the South African financial sector.
Scenario analysis and stress testing
Stress testing is undertaken to assess and plan for the impact of various scenarios which may put the Groups liquidity at risk.
Treasury develops and monitors a range of stress tests on the Groups projected cash flows. These stress scenarios include Barclays-specific scenarios such an unexpected rating downgrade and operational problems, and external scenarios such as Emerging Market crises, payment system disruption and macro-economic shocks. The output informs both the liquidity mismatch limits and the Groups contingency funding plan. This is maintained by Treasury and is aligned with the Group and country business resumption plans to encompass decision-making authorities, internal and external communication and, in the event of a systems failure, the restoration of liquidity management and payment systems.
The ability to raise funds is in part dependent on maintaining the Banks credit rating. The funding impact of a credit downgrade is closely tracked. Whilst the impact of a single downgrade may affect the price at which funding is available, the effect on liquidity is not considered material in Group terms.
280 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
49 Liquidity risk (continued)
Year-end assessment of liquidity
Barclays maintained a strong liquidity profile in 2008, sufficient to absorb the impact of a stressed funding environment. The Group has access to a substantial pool of liquidity both in secured markets and from unsecured depositors including numerous foreign governments and central banks. In addition, our limited reliance on securitisations as a source of funding has meant that the uncertainty in securitisation markets has not impacted our liquidity risk profile.
Whilst funding markets were extremely difficult in the latter half of 2008, and particularly since September 2008, Barclays was able to increase available liquidity, extend the term of unsecured liabilities, and reduce reliance on unsecured funding. Barclays has participated in various government and central bank liquidity facilities, both to aid central banks implementation of monetary policy and support central bank initiatives, where participation has enabled the lengthening of the term of our refinancing. These facilities have improved access to term funding, and helped moderate money market rates.
Global Retail and Commercial Banking
The sum of liabilities in Global Retail and Commercial Banking, Barclays Wealth and Head office functions exceeds assets in those businesses. As a result they have no reliance on wholesale funding. The balance sheet is modelled to reflect behavioural experience in both assets and liabilities, and is managed to maintain a positive cash profile.
Throughout 2008 Global Retail and Commercial Banking continued to grow the amount of customer deposits despite competitive pressures.
Barclays Capital
Barclays Capital manages liquidity to be self-funding through wholesale sources, managing access to liquidity to ensure that potential cash outflows in a stressed environment are covered.
Funding reliability is maintained by accessing a wide variety of investors and geographies and by building and maintaining strong relationships with these providers of liquidity. The depositors include asset managers, money market funds, corporates, government bodies, central banks and other financial institutions. Deposits are predominantly sourced from Western Europe and North America.
Unsecured Funding
Additionally, unsecured funding is managed within specific term limits. The term of unsecured liabilities has been extended, with average life increasing year over year.
Our capital markets debt issuance includes issues of senior and subordinated debt in US registered offerings and medium-term note programmes and European medium-term note programs. Substantially all of our unsecured senior issuance is without covenants that trigger increased cost or accelerate maturity.
Secured Funding
Barclays funds securities based on liquidity characteristics. Limits are in place for each security asset class reflecting liquidity in the cash and financing markets for these assets. The vast majority of assets funded in repurchase and stock loan transactions are fundable within central bank facilities (excluding Bank of England Emergency facilities and the Federal Reserve Primary Dealer Credit Facility). These are largely composed of G7 government securities, US mortgage agency debentures and mortgage backed securities, investment grade corporate securities and listed equities.
Liquidity risk to secured funding is also mitigated by:
| selecting reliable counterparties |
| maintaining term financing and by limiting the amount of overnight funding |
| limiting overall secured funding usage |
Readily available liquidity
Substantial resources are maintained to offset maturing deposits and debt. These readily available assets are sufficient to absorb stress level losses of liquidity from unsecured as well as contingent cash outflows, such as collateral requirements on ratings downgrades. The sources of liquidity and contingent liquidity are from a wide variety of sources, including deposits held with central banks and unencumbered securities.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
281 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
49 Liquidity risk (continued)
Contractual maturity of financial assets and liabilities
Details of contractual maturities for assets and liabilities form an important source of information for the management of liquidity risk. In order to more accurately reflect the expected behaviour of the Groups assets and liabilities measurement and modelling of each is constructed. This forms the foundation of the liquidity controls.
The table below provides detail on the contractual maturity of all financial instruments and other assets and liabilities. Derivatives (other than those designated in a hedging relationship) and trading portfolio assets and liabilities which are included in the on demand column at their fair value. Liquidity risk on these items is not managed on the basis of contractual maturity since they are not held for settlement according to such maturity and will frequently be settled before contractual maturity at fair value. Derivatives designated in a hedging relationship are included according to their contractual maturity.
Financial assets designated at fair value in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts have been included in Other assets and Other liabilities as the Group is not exposed to liquidity risk arising from them; any request for funds from creditors would be met by simultaneously liquidating or transferring the related investment
At 31st December 2008
On demand £m |
Not more than three months £m |
Over three months but not more than six months £m |
Over six months but not more than one year £m |
Over one year but not more than three years £m |
Over three years but not more than five years £m |
Over five years but not more than ten years £m |
Over ten years £m |
Total £m | ||||||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks | 29,774 | 245 | | | | | | | 30,019 | |||||||||||||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks | 1,619 | 76 | | | | | | | 1,695 | |||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets | 185,637 | | | | | | | | 185,637 | |||||||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
held on own account |
661 | 13,861 | 1,648 | 5,861 | 5,420 | 6,738 | 4,159 | 16,194 | 54,542 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
held for trading |
981,996 | | | | | | | | 981,996 | |||||||||||||||
designated for risk management | | 381 | 91 | 542 | 505 | 336 | 419 | 532 | 2,806 | |||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 4,882 | 35,690 | 505 | 1,892 | 1,887 | 1,854 | 52 | 945 | 47,707 | |||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 51,155 | 87,624 | 12,447 | 21,976 | 60,927 | 44,982 | 57,409 | 125,295 | 461,815 | |||||||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments | 132 | 11,539 | 5,129 | 13,461 | 10,266 | 6,660 | 9,779 | 8,010 | 64,976 | |||||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed
|
29
|
107,415
|
|
8,947
|
|
2,582
|
|
10,124
|
|
1,019
|
|
238
|
|
|
130,354
| |||||||||
Total financial assets
|
1,255,885 | 256,831 | 28,767 | 46,314 | 89,129 | 61,589 | 72,056 | 150,976 | 1,961,547 | |||||||||||||||
Other assets
|
| | | | | | | 91,433 | 91,433 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets
|
1,255,885 | 256,831 | 28,767 | 46,314 | 89,129 | 61,589 | 72,056 | 242,409 | 2,052,980 | |||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits from other banks | 10,850 | 94,083 | 6,040 | 1,273 | 1,585 | 461 | 433 | 185 | 114,910 | |||||||||||||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks | 1,633 | 2 | | | | | | | 1,635 | |||||||||||||||
Customer accounts | 195,728 | 112,582 | 9,389 | 10,099 | 2,451 | 1,555 | 1,395 | 2,306 | 335,505 | |||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities | 59,474 | | | | | | | | 59,474 | |||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
held on own account |
1,043 | 16,573 | 10,630 | 5,115 | 12,229 | 12,041 | 11,825 | 7,436 | 76,892 | |||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
held for trading |
964,071 | | | | | | | | 964,071 | |||||||||||||||
designated for risk management | | 222 | 141 | 1,345 | 1,197 | 108 | 781 | 207 | 4,001 | |||||||||||||||
Debt securities in issue | 2,567 | 79,600 | 10,049 | 17,197 | 23,355 | 9,856 | 2,528 | 4,415 | 149,567 | |||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent | 69 | 176,169 | 3,409 | 2,067 | 245 | 267 | 59 | | 182,285 | |||||||||||||||
Subordinated liabilities
|
| 260 | 49 | 281 | 1,345 | 999 | 10,176 | 16,732 | 29,842 | |||||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities
|
1,235,435 | 479,491 | 39,707 | 37,377 | 42,407 | 25,287 | 27,197 | 31,281 | 1,918,182 | |||||||||||||||
Other liabilities
|
| | | | | | | 87,387 | 87,387 | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities
|
1,235,435 | 479,491 | 39,707 | 37,377 | 42,407 | 25,287 | 27,197 | 118,668 | 2,005,569 | |||||||||||||||
Cumulative liquidity gap
|
20,450 | (202,210 | ) | (213,150 | ) | (204,213 | ) | (157,491 | ) | (121,189 | ) | (76,330 | ) | 47,411 | 47,411 |
282 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
49 Liquidity risk (continued)
At 31st December 2007
On demand £m |
Not more than three months £m |
Over three months but not more than six months £m |
Over six months but not more than one year £m |
Over one year but not more than three years £m |
Over three years but not more than five years £m |
Over five years but not more than ten years £m |
Over ten years £m |
Total £m | |||||||||||||||||
Assets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks | 4,785 | 1,016 | | | | | | | 5,801 | ||||||||||||||||
Items in course of collection from other banks | 1,651 | 185 | | | | | | | 1,836 | ||||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets | 193,691 | | | | | | | | 193,691 | ||||||||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
held on own account |
1,901 | 3,202 | 657 | 3,029 | 13,882 | 7,022 | 10,637 | 16,299 | 56,629 | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
held for trading |
246,950 | | | | | | | | 246,950 | ||||||||||||||||
designated for risk management |
| 76 | 92 | 39 | 260 | 105 | 317 | 249 | 1,138 | ||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks | 5,882 | 22,143 | 446 | 3,189 | 1,259 | 1,035 | 5,680 | 486 | 40,120 | ||||||||||||||||
Loans and advances to customers | 43,469 | 62,294 | 12,793 | 19,307 | 35,195 | 30,926 | 47,297 | 94,117 | 345,398 | ||||||||||||||||
Available for sale financial investments | 994 | 9,009 | 4,544 | 2,377 | 10,831 | 6,466 | 5,268 | 3,583 | 43,072 | ||||||||||||||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed
|
|
|
158,475
|
|
7,369
|
|
7,835
|
|
4,921
|
|
4,348
|
|
127
|
|
|
183,075
| |||||||||
Total financial assets
|
499,323 | 256,400 | 25,901 | 35,776 | 66,348 | 49,902 | 69,326 | 114,734 | 1,117,710 | ||||||||||||||||
Other assets
|
| | | | | | | 109,651 | 109,651 | ||||||||||||||||
Total assets
|
499,323 | 256,400 | 25,901 | 35,776 | 66,348 | 49,902 | 69,326 | 224,385 | 1,227,361 | ||||||||||||||||
Liabilities |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits from other banks | 16,288 | 69,049 | 1,977 | 991 | 651 | 1,171 | 231 | 188 | 90,546 | ||||||||||||||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks | 1,781 | 11 | | | | | | | 1,792 | ||||||||||||||||
Customer accounts | 174,269 | 101,667 | 5,692 | 4,097 | 1,656 | 1,240 | 993 | 5,373 | 294,987 | ||||||||||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities | 65,402 | | | | | | | | 65,402 | ||||||||||||||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
held on own account |
655 | 18,022 | 8,331 | 6,933 | 10,830 | 11,601 | 12,625 | 5,492 | 74,489 | ||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
held for trading |
247,378 | | | | | | | | 247,378 | ||||||||||||||||
designated for risk management |
| 51 | 43 | 82 | 310 | 150 | 215 | 59 | 910 | ||||||||||||||||
Debt securities in issue | 698 | 70,760 | 11,798 | 6,945 | 13,308 | 7,696 | 3,123 | 5,900 | 120,228 | ||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent | | 160,822 | 2,906 | 5,547 | 40 | 92 | 22 | | 169,429 | ||||||||||||||||
Subordinated liabilities
|
| | | | 250 | 934 | 7,511 | 9,455 | 18,150 | ||||||||||||||||
Total financial liabilities
|
506,471 | 420,382 | 30,747 | 24,595 | 27,045 | 22,884 | 24,720 | 26,467 | 1,083,311 | ||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities
|
| | | | | | | 111,574 | 111,574 | ||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities
|
506,471 | 420,382 | 30,747 | 24,595 | 27,045 | 22,884 | 24,720 | 138,041 | 1,194,885 | ||||||||||||||||
Cumulative liquidity gap
|
(7,148 | ) | (171,130 | ) | (175,976 | ) | (164,795 | ) | (125,492 | ) | (98,474 | ) | (53,868 | ) | 32,476 | 32,476 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
283 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
49 Liquidity risk (continued)
Contractual maturity of financial liabilities on an undiscounted basis
The table below presents the cash flows payable by the Group under financial liabilities by remaining contractual maturities at the balance sheet date. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows of all financial liabilities (i.e nominal values), whereas the Group manages the inherent liquidity risk based on discounted expected cash inflows. Derivative financial instruments held for trading and trading portfolio liabilities are included in the on demand column at their fair value.
At 31st December 2008
On demand £m |
Within one year £m |
Over one year but less than five years £m |
Over five years £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Deposits from other banks |
10,850 | 101,537 | 2,224 | 671 | 115,282 | |||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks |
1,633 | 2 | | | 1,635 | |||||
Customer accounts |
195,728 | 132,927 | 5,249 | 5,807 | 339,711 | |||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
59,474 | | | | 59,474 | |||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value: |
||||||||||
held on own account |
1,043 | 33,860 | 28,300 | 30,427 | 93,630 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments: |
||||||||||
held for trading |
964,071 | | | | 964,071 | |||||
designated for risk management |
| 1,809 | 1,671 | 1,206 | 4,686 | |||||
Debt securities in issue |
2,567 | 108,955 | 34,510 | 11,853 | 157,885 | |||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
69 | 181,895 | 547 | 24 | 182,535 | |||||
Subordinated liabilities |
| 1,273 | 10,166 | 22,593 | 34,032 | |||||
Other financial liabilities
|
| 4,573 | 1,572 | | 6,145 | |||||
Total financial liabilities
|
1,235,435 | 566,831 | 84,239 | 72,581 | 1,959,086 | |||||
Off balance sheet items |
||||||||||
Loan commitments |
222,801 | 30,502 | 5,799 | 917 | 260,019 | |||||
Other commitments
|
493 | 318 | 340 | | 1,151 | |||||
Total off balance sheet items
|
223,294 | 30,820 | 6,139 | 917 | 261,170 | |||||
Total financial liabilities and off balance sheet items
|
1,458,729 | 597,651 | 90,378 | 73,498 | 2,220,256 | |||||
At 31st December 2007 | ||||||||||
On demand £m |
Within one year £m |
Over one year but not more than five years £m |
Over five years £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Deposits from other banks |
16,288 | 72,533 | 2,099 | 275 | 91,195 | |||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks |
1,781 | 11 | | | 1,792 | |||||
Customer accounts |
174,269 | 112,875 | 3,739 | 10,280 | 301,163 | |||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
65,402 | | | | 65,402 | |||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value: |
||||||||||
held on own account |
655 | 34,008 | 25,870 | 31,868 | 92,401 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments: |
||||||||||
held for trading |
247,378 | | | | 247,378 | |||||
designated for risk management |
| 226 | 479 | 186 | 891 | |||||
Debt securities in issue |
698 | 91,201 | 22,926 | 15,020 | 129,845 | |||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
| 169,725 | 146 | 23 | 169,894 | |||||
Subordinated liabilities |
| 463 | 4,964 | 17,875 | 23,302 | |||||
Other financial liabilities
|
| 2,968 | 1,456 | | 4,424 | |||||
Total financial liabilities
|
506,471 | 484,010 | 61,679 | 75,527 | 1,127,687 | |||||
Off balance sheet items |
||||||||||
Loan commitments |
183,784 | 3,111 | 4,513 | 963 | 192,371 | |||||
Other commitments
|
453 | 200 | 145 | 12 | 810 | |||||
Total off balance sheet items
|
184,237 | 3,311 | 4,658 | 975 | 193,181 | |||||
Total financial liabilities and off balance sheet items
|
690,708 | 487,321 | 66,337 | 76,502 | 1,320,868 |
Financial liabilities designated at fair value in respect of linked liabilities under investment contracts have been excluded from this analysis as the Group is not exposed to liquidity risk arising from them. Any request for funds from investors would be met simultaneously from the linked assets.
The balances in the above table will not agree directly to the balances in the consolidated balance sheet as the table incorporates all cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, related to both principal as well as those associated with all future coupon payments.
The principal due under perpetual subordinated liability instruments has been included in the over five years category. Further interest payments have not been included on this amount, which according to their strict contractual terms, could carry on indefinitely.
284 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
50 Fair value of financial instruments
The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, in an arms length transaction between knowledgeable willing parties.
Comparison of carrying amounts and fair values
The following table summarises the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities presented on the Groups balance sheet, and their fair values differentiating between financial assets and liabilities subsequently measured at fair value and those subsequently measured at amortised cost:
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Notes | Carrying amount £m |
Fair value £m |
Carrying amount £m |
Fair value £m | ||||||
Financial assets: |
||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
a | 30,019 | 30,019 | 5,801 | 5,801 | |||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
a | 1,695 | 1,695 | 1,836 | 1,836 | |||||
Trading portfolio assets |
||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
b | 4,544 | 4,544 | 2,094 | 2,094 | |||||
Debt securities |
b | 148,686 | 148,686 | 152,778 | 152,778 | |||||
Equity securities |
b | 30,535 | 30,535 | 36,307 | 36,307 | |||||
Traded Loans |
b | 1,070 | 1,070 | 1,780 | 1,780 | |||||
Commodities |
b | 802 | 802 | 732 | 732 | |||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: |
||||||||||
held in respect of linked liabilities under investment contracts |
b | 66,657 | 66,657 | 90,851 | 90,851 | |||||
held under own account: |
||||||||||
Equity securities |
b | 6,496 | 6,496 | 5,376 | 5,376 | |||||
Loans and advances |
b | 30,187 | 30,187 | 23,491 | 23,491 | |||||
Debt securities |
b | 8,628 | 8,628 | 24,217 | 24,217 | |||||
Other financial assets designated at fair value |
b | 9,231 | 9,231 | 3,545 | 3,545 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
b | 984,802 | 984,802 | 248,088 | 248,088 | |||||
Loans and advances to banks |
c | 47,707 | 47,594 | 40,120 | 40,106 | |||||
Loans and advances to customers |
||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans |
c | 135,077 | 133,605 | 106,619 | 106,615 | |||||
Credit card receivables |
c | 22,304 | 22,312 | 14,289 | 14,289 | |||||
Other personal lending |
c | 32,038 | 31,264 | 29,857 | 29,857 | |||||
Wholesale and corporate loans and advances |
c | 259,699 | 247,798 | 183,556 | 182,036 | |||||
Finance lease receivables |
c | 12,697 | 12,697 | 11,077 | 11,066 | |||||
Available for sale financial instruments |
||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
b | 4,003 | 4,003 | 2,723 | 2,723 | |||||
Debt securities |
b | 58,831 | 58,831 | 38,673 | 38,673 | |||||
Equity securities |
b | 2,142 | 2,142 | 1,676 | 1,676 | |||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
c | 130,354 | 129,296 | 183,075 | 183,075 | |||||
Financial liabilities: |
||||||||||
Deposits from banks |
d | 114,910 | 114,912 | 90,546 | 90,508 | |||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks |
a | 1,635 | 1,635 | 1,792 | 1,792 | |||||
Customer accounts: |
||||||||||
Current and demand accounts |
d | 82,515 | 82,515 | 80,006 | 80,006 | |||||
Savings accounts |
d | 76,008 | 76,008 | 74,599 | 74,599 | |||||
Other time deposits |
d | 176,982 | 176,966 | 140,382 | 141,917 | |||||
Trading portfolio liabilities: |
||||||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
b | 79 | 79 | 486 | 486 | |||||
Debt securities |
b | 44,309 | 44,309 | 50,506 | 50,506 | |||||
Equity securities |
b | 14,919 | 14,919 | 13,702 | 13,702 | |||||
Commodities |
b | 167 | 167 | 708 | 708 | |||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value: |
||||||||||
Held on own account |
b | 76,892 | 76,892 | 74,489 | 74,489 | |||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
b | 69,183 | 69,183 | 92,639 | 92,639 | |||||
Derivative financial instruments |
b | 968,072 | 968,072 | 248,288 | 248,288 | |||||
Debt securities in issue |
d | 149,567 | 148,736 | 120,228 | 120,176 | |||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
d | 182,285 | 182,285 | 169,429 | 169,429 | |||||
Subordinated liabilities |
d | 29,842 | 22,944 | 18,150 | 17,410 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
285 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
50 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)
Notes
a | Fair value approximates carrying value due to the short-term nature of these financial assets and liabilities. |
b | The carrying value of financial instruments subsequently measured at fair value (including those held for trading, designated at fair value, derivatives and available for sale) is determined in accordance with accounting policy 7 on page 194 and further description and analysis of these fair values are set out below. |
c | The carrying value of financial assets subsequently measured at amortised cost (including loans and advances, and other lending such as reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed) is determined in accordance with the accounting policy 7 on page 194. In many cases the fair value disclosed approximates the carrying value because the instruments are short term in nature or have interest rates that reprice frequently. In other cases, fair value is determined using discounted cash flows, applying either market derived interest rates or, where the counterparty is a bank, rates currently offered by other financial institutions for placings with similar characteristics. Additionally, fair value can be determined by applying an average of available regional and industry segmental credit spreads to the loan portfolio, taking the contractual maturity of the loan facilities into consideration. |
d | The carrying value of financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortised cost (including customer accounts and other deposits such as repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent, debt securities in issue, subordinated liabilities) is determined in accordance with the accounting policy 7 on page 194. In many cases, the fair value disclosed approximates the carrying value because the instruments are short term in nature or have interest rates that reprice frequently such as customer accounts and other deposits and short term debt securities. Fair values of other debt securities in issue are based on quoted prices where available, or where these are unavailable, are estimated using a valuation model. Fair values for dated and undated convertible and non-convertible loan capital are based on quoted market rates for the issue concerned or similar issues with similar terms and conditions. |
Valuation methodology
The table below shows the Groups financial assets and liabilities that are recognised and measured at fair value analysed by valuation technique. A description of the nature of the techniques used to calculate valuations based on observable inputs and valuations based on unobservable inputs is set out on the next page.
At 31st December 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Valuations | Valuations based on unobservable inputs | ||||||||||||||
based on £m |
Vanilla £m |
Exotic products £m |
Total £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets |
174,168 | 11,469 | | 11,469 | 185,637 | ||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: |
|||||||||||||||
held on own account |
37,618 | 16,559 | 365 | 16,924 | 54,542 | ||||||||||
held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts | 66,657 | | | | 66,657 | ||||||||||
Derivative financial assets |
970,028 | 12,436 | 2,338 | 14,774 | 984,802 | ||||||||||
Available for sale assets |
63,149 | 1,827 | | 1,827 | 64,976 | ||||||||||
Total assets |
1,311,620 | 42,291 | 2,703 | 44,994 | 1,356,614 | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
(59,436 | ) | (38 | ) | | (38 | ) | (59,474 | ) | ||||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value |
(71,044 | ) | (290 | ) | (5,558 | ) | (5,848 | ) | (76,892 | ) | |||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
(69,183 | ) | | | | (69,183 | ) | ||||||||
Derivative financial liabilities |
(959,518 | ) | (6,151 | ) | (2,403 | ) | (8,554 | ) | (968,072 | ) | |||||
Total liabilities |
(1,159,181 | ) | (6,479 | ) | (7,961 | ) | (14,440 | ) | (1,173,621 | ) | |||||
At 31st December 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Valuations | Valuations based on unobservable inputs | ||||||||||||||
based on £m |
Vanilla products £m |
Exotic products £m |
Total £m |
Total £m |
|||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets |
189,234 | 4,457 | | 4,457 | 193,691 | ||||||||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: |
|||||||||||||||
held on own account |
39,810 | 16,819 | | 16,819 | 56,629 | ||||||||||
held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts | 90,851 | | | | 90,851 | ||||||||||
Derivative financial assets |
245,381 | 1,118 | 1,589 | 2,707 | 248,088 | ||||||||||
Available for sale assets |
42,262 | 810 | | 810 | 43,072 | ||||||||||
Total assets |
607,538 | 23,204 | 1,589 | 24,793 | 632,331 | ||||||||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
(65,360 | ) | (42 | ) | | (42 | ) | (65,402 | ) | ||||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value |
(68,317 | ) | (951 | ) | (5,221 | ) | (6,172 | ) | (74,489 | ) | |||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
(92,639 | ) | | | | (92,639 | ) | ||||||||
Derivative financial liabilities |
(243,906 | ) | (1,178 | ) | (3,204 | ) | (4,382 | ) | (248,288 | ) | |||||
Total liabilities |
(470,222 | ) | (2,171 | ) | (8,425 | ) | (10,596 | ) | (480,818 | ) |
Of the total Group assets of £1,356,614m measured at fair value, £44,994m (2007: £24,793m) were valued using models with unobservable inputs. While the derivative assets associated with our Monoline exposure accounted for a significant portion of the increase in assets valued using unobservable inputs, further increases arose due to weakness in Sterling, as well as increased illiquidity in the market.
286 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
50 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)
The nature of the valuation techniques set out in the table above are summarised as follows:
Valuations based on observable inputs
Valuations based on observable inputs include
| Financial instruments for which their valuations are determined by reference to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets where the quoted price is readily available and the price represents actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arms length basis; |
| Financial instruments valued using recent arms length market transactions or with reference to the current fair value of similar instruments; |
| Linear financial instruments such as swaps and forwards which are valued using market standard pricing techniques; |
| Options that are commonly traded in markets whereby all the inputs to the market-standard pricing models are deemed observable. |
Valuations based on unobservable inputs
Valuations based on unobservable inputs include:
(a) Vanilla products
Products valued using simple models, such as discounted cash flow or Black Scholes models, where some of the inputs are not observable. This would include, for example, commercial loans, commercial mortgage backed securities, selected mortgage products, Alt As and subprime loans, as well as long-dated vanilla options with tenors different to those commonly traded in the markets and hence unobservable volatilities.
(b) Exotic products
Exotic products are over-the-counter products that are relatively bespoke, not commonly traded in the markets, and are valued using sophisticated mathematical models where some of the inputs are not observable.
In determining the value of vanilla and exotic products the following are the principal inputs that can require judgement:
(i) Volatility
Volatility is a critical input to all option pricing models, across all asset classes. In most cases volatility is observable from the vanilla options that are traded across the various asset classes but, on occasion, volatility is unobservable, for example, for long maturity option.
(ii) Correlation
Across asset classes, correlation is another important input to some pricing models, for example for products whose value depends on two equity indices. In some developed markets there are products traded from which correlation can be implied, for example spread products in commodities.
(iii) Model input parameters
Some exotic models have input parameters that define the models, for example interest rate models tend to have parameters that are needed to capture the rich dynamics of the yield curve. These model parameters are typically not directly observable but may be inferred from observable inputs.
(iv) Spreads to discount rates
For certain product types, particularly credit related such as asset backed financial instruments, the discount rate is set at a spread to the standard discount (LIBOR) rates. In these cases, in addition to standard discount rates, the spread is a significant input to the valuation. For some assets this spread data can be unobservable.
(v) Default rates and recovery rates
In certain credit products valued using pricing models, default rates and recovery rates may be necessary inputs. Some default rates and recovery rates are deemed observable but for others which are less frequently traded in the markets they may not be.
(vi) Prepayment rates
For products in the securitisation businesses, for example mortgage backed securities, prepayment rates are key inputs. Some of the drivers of prepayment are understood (such as the nature of assets/loans, e.g. quality of mortgage pool and macroeconomic factors) however, future prepayment rates are considered unobservable.
The following summary sets out the principal instruments whose valuation may involve judgmental inputs.
Corporate bonds
Corporate bonds are generally valued using observable quoted prices or recently executed transactions. Where observable price quotations are not available, the fair value is determined based on cash flow models where significant inputs may include yield curves, bond or single name credit default swap spreads.
Mortgage whole loans
Wherever possible, the fair value of mortgage whole loans is determined using observable quoted prices or recently executed transactions for comparable assets. Where observable price quotations or benchmark proxies are not available, fair value is determined using cash flow models where significant inputs include yield curves, collateral specific loss assumptions, asset specific prepayment assumptions, yield spreads and expected default rates.
Commercial mortgage backed securities and asset backed securities
Commercial mortgage backed securities and asset backed securities (ABS) (residential mortgages, credit cards, auto loans, student loans and leases) are valued using observable information to the greatest extent possible. Wherever possible, the fair value is determined using quoted prices or recently executed transactions. Where observable price quotations are not available, fair value is determined based on cash flow models where the significant inputs may include yield curves, credit spreads and prepayment rates. Securities that are backed by the residual cash flows of an asset portfolio are generally valued using similar cash flow models. The fair value of home equity loan bonds are determined using models which use scenario analysis with significant inputs including age, rating, internal grade, and index prices.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
287 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
50 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)
Collateralised debt obligations
The valuation of collateralised debt obligations (CDOs) notes is first based on an assessment of the probability of an event of default occurring due to a credit deterioration. This is determined by reference to the probability of event of default occurring and the probability of exercise of contractual rights related to event of default. The notes are then valued by determining appropriate valuation multiples to be applied to the contractual cash flows. These are based on inputs including the prospective cash flow performance of the underlying securities, the structural features of the transaction and the net asset value of the underlying portfolio.
Private equity
The fair value of private equity is determined using appropriate valuation methodologies which, dependent on the nature of the investment, may include discounted cash flow analysis, enterprise value comparisons with similar companies, price:earnings comparisons and turnover multiples. For each investment the relevant methodology is applied consistently over time.
OTC Derivatives
Derivative contracts can be exchange traded or over the counter (OTC). OTC derivative contracts include forward, swap and option contracts related to interest rates, bonds, foreign currencies, credit standing of reference entities, equity prices, fund levels, commodity prices or indices on these assets.
The fair value of OTC derivative contracts are modelled using a series of techniques, including closed form analytical formulae (such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model) and simulation based models. The choice of model is dependant on factors such as; the complexity of the product, inherent risks and hedging strategy: statistical behaviour of the underlying, and ability of the model to price consistently with observed market transactions. For many pricing models there is no material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgement and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swaps and option markets. In the case of more established derivative products, the pricing models used are widely accepted and used by the other market participants. Significant inputs used in these models may include yield curves, credit spreads, default rates, recovery rates, dividend rates, volatility of underlying interest rates, equity prices or foreign exchange rates and, in some cases, correlation between these inputs. These inputs are determined with reference to quoted prices, recently executed trades, independent market quotes and consensus data.
New, long dated or complex derivative products may require a greater degree of judgement in the implementation of appropriate valuation techniques, due to the complexity of the valuation assumptions and the reduced observability of inputs. The valuation of more complex products may use more generic derivatives as a component to calculating the overall value.
Derivatives where valuation involves a significant degree of judgement include:
Fund derivatives
Fund derivatives are derivatives whose underlyings include mutual funds, hedge funds, indices and multi-asset portfolios. They are valued using underlying fund prices, yield curves and available market information on the level of the hedging risk. Some fund derivatives are valued using unobservable information, generally where the level of the hedging risk is not observable in the market. These are valued taking account of risk of the underlying fund or collection of funds, diversification of the fund by asset, concentration by geographic sector, strategy of the fund, size of the transaction and concentration of specific fund managers.
Commodity derivatives
Commodity derivatives are valued using models where the significant inputs may include interest rate yield curves, commodity price curves, volatility of the underlying commodities and, in some cases, correlation between these inputs, which are generally observable. This approach is applied to base metal, precious metal, energy, power, gas, emissions, soft commodities and freight positions. Due to the significant time span in the various market closes, curves are constructed using differentials to a benchmark curve to ensure that all curves are valued using the dominant market base price.
Structured credit derivatives
Collateralised synthetic obligations (CSOs) are structured credit derivatives which reference the loss profile of a portfolio of loans, debts or synthetic underlyings. The reference asset can be a corporate credit or an asset backed credit. For CSOs that reference corporate credits an analytical model is used. For CSOs on asset backed underlyings, due to the path dependent nature of a CSO on an amortising portfolio a Monte Carlo simulation is used rather than analytic approximation. The expected loss probability for each reference credit in the portfolio is derived from the single name credit default swap spread curve and in addition, for ABS references, a prepayment rate assumption. A simulation is then used to compute survival time which allows us to calculate the marginal loss over each payment period by reference to estimated recovery rates. Significant inputs include prepayment rates, cumulative default rates, and recovery rates.
Sensitivity analysis of valuations using unobservable inputs
As part of our risk management processes, stress tests are applied on the significant unobservable parameters to generate a range of potentially possible alternative valuations. The financial instruments that most impact this sensitivity analysis are those with the more illiquid and/or structured portfolios. The stresses are applied independently and do not take account of any cross correlation between separate asset classes that would reduce the overall effect on the valuations.
At 31st December 2008 |
Significant unobservable parameters a |
Potential effect recorded in profit or loss Favourable (Unfavourable) |
Potential effect recorded in equity Favourable (Unfavourable) |
|||||||||
£m | £m | £m | £m | |||||||||
Asset backed securities and loans and derivatives with asset backed underlyings | iii, iv, v, vi | 1,470 | (1,896 | ) | 46 | (54 | ) | |||||
Private equity b |
iii, iv | 209 | (208 | ) | 64 | (142 | ) | |||||
Derivative assets and liabilities and financial liabilities designated at fair value: | ||||||||||||
Derivative exposure to Monoline insurers |
iii, iv, v, vi | 21 | (329 | ) | | | ||||||
Funds derivatives and structured notes |
iii | 226 | (123 | ) | | | ||||||
Other structured derivatives and notes |
i, ii, iii | 304 | (196 | ) | | | ||||||
Other |
i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi | 55 | (43 | ) | | | ||||||
Total |
2,285 | (2,795 | ) | 110 | (196 | ) |
Notes
a | (i )-(vi) refer to valuation inputs listed on page 289. |
b | Available for sale assets (Private Equity) and assets designated at fair value (Principal Investments). |
288 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
50 Fair value of financial instruments (continued)
At 31st December 2007 | Significant unobservable parameters a |
Potential effect recorded in profit or loss Favourable (Unfavourable) |
Potential effect recorded in equity Favourable (Unfavourable) |
|||||||||
£m | £m | £m | £m | |||||||||
Asset backed securities and loans and derivatives with asset backed underlyings | iii, iv, v, vi | 868 | (868 | ) | 5 | (5 | ) | |||||
Private equity |
iii, iv | 75 | (75 | ) | 36 | (36 | ) | |||||
Derivative assets and liabilities and financial liabilities designated at fair value: | ||||||||||||
Fund derivatives and structured notes |
iii | 441 | (147 | ) | | | ||||||
Other structured derivatives and notes |
i, ii, iii | 57 | (56 | ) | | | ||||||
Other |
i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi | 3 | (1 | ) | | | ||||||
Total |
1,444 | (1,147 | ) | 41 | (41 | ) |
The effect of stressing the significant unobservable assumptions to a range of reasonably possible alternatives would be to increase the fair values by up to £2.4bn (2007: £1.5bn) or to decrease the fair values by up to £3.0bn (2007: £1.2bn) with substantially all the potential effect being recorded in profit or loss rather than equity.
Asset backed securities and loans, and derivatives with asset backed underlyings
Asset backed securities, loans and related derivatives contribute most to the sensitivity analysis as at 31st December 2008. The stress effect increased in this area in 2008 due to continued market dislocation and increased levels of unobservability. The stresses having the most significant impact on the analysis are: for commercial mortgage backed securities and loans, changing the spreads to discount rates to close to originated levels (favourable stress) and increasing spreads to between 2 and 6% (unfavourable stress); for residential mortgage backed securities and loans, changing the spreads to discount rates by +/-10%; and for collateralised debt obligations that reference asset backed securities and loans, primarily by changing the spreads to discount rates by +/-20%.
Private equity
The sensitivity amounts are calculated by stressing the key valuation inputs to each individual valuation generally either price:earnings ratios or EBITDA analysis. The stresses are then determined by comparing these metrics with a range of similar companies.
Derivative exposure to Monoline insurers
The favourable stress is calculated by reference to counterparty quotes for second loss protection on the appropriate reference obligations. The unfavourable stress is calculated by applying a default scenario to the monolines that are rated BBB or below.
Fund derivatives and structured notes
The valuation of these transactions takes into account the risk that the underlying fund-linked asset value will decrease too quickly to be able to re-hedge with risk-free instruments (gap risk). The sensitivity amounts are determined by applying stresses to market quotes for hedging the relevant gap risk. The unfavourable stress is based on a shift in the gap risk price of 34bp, the favourable stress applies to a pricing level that assumes no gap event will occur.
Other structured derivatives and notes
The sensitivity amounts are calculated principally by adjusting the relevant correlation sensitivity used in the valuation model by a range based on structured derivative data available in consensuses pricing services. The range applied to correlation sensitivity is an adverse or beneficial move of 15bp applied to the correlation sensitivity.
Unrecognised gains as a result of the use of valuation models using unobservable inputs
The amount that has yet to be recognised in income that relates to the difference between the transaction price (the fair value at initial recognition) and the amount that would have arisen had valuation models using unobservable inputs been used on initial recognition, less amounts subsequently recognised, was as follows:
At 31st December | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
||||
At 1st January |
154 | 534 | ||||
New transactions |
77 | 134 | ||||
Amounts recognised in profit or loss during the year |
(103 | ) | (514 | ) | ||
At 31st December |
128 | 154 |
The net asset fair value position of the related financial instruments increased by £16,357m for the year ended 31st December 2008 (31st December 2007: £2,842m). In many cases these changes in fair values were offset by changes in fair values of other financial instruments, which were priced in active markets or valued by using a valuation technique which is supported by observable market prices or rates, or by transactions which have been realised.
Notes
a | (i )-(vi) refer to valuation inputs listed on page 289. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
289 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
51 Reclassification of financial assets held for trading
On 16th December the Group reclassified certain financial assets originally classified as held for trading that were no longer held for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term out of fair value through profit or loss to loans and receivables. In making this reclassification, the Group identified those trading assets, comprising portfolios of bank-issued fixed rate notes and mortgage and other asset backed securities, for which it had a clear change of intent to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity rather than to trade in the short term. At the time of the transfer, the Group identified rare circumstances permitting such reclassification, being severe illiquidity in the relevant market.
The following table shows carrying values and fair values of the assets reclassified at 16th December 2008.
16th December 2008 | 31st December 2008 | |||||
Carrying value £m |
Carrying £m |
Fair value £m | ||||
Trading assets reclassified to loans and receivables |
4,046 | 3,986 | 3,984 | |||
Total financial assets reclassified to loans and receivables |
4,046 | 3,986 | 3,984 |
As at the date of reclassification, the effective interest rates on reclassified trading assets ranged from 0.18% to 9.29% with expected recoverable cash flows of £7.4bn.
If the reclassifications had not been made, the Groups income statement for 2008 would have included unrealised fair value losses on the reclassified trading assets of £1.5m.
After reclassification, the reclassified financial assets contributed the following amounts to the 2008 income before income taxes.
2008 £m | ||
Net interest income |
4 | |
Provision for credit losses |
| |
Income before income taxes on reclassified trading assets |
4 |
Prior to reclassification in 2008, £144m of unrealised fair value losses on the reclassified trading assets was recognised in the consolidated income statement for 2008 (2007: £218m loss).
52 Capital Management
Barclays operates a centralised capital management model, considering both regulatory and economic capital. The capital management strategy is to continue to maximise shareholder value through optimising both the level and mix of capital resources. Decisions on the allocation of capital resources are conducted as part of the strategic planning review.
The Groups capital management objectives are to:
| Maintain sufficient capital resources to meet the minimum regulatory capital requirements set by the FSA and the US Federal Reserve Banks requirements that a financial holding company be well capitalised. |
| Maintain sufficient capital resources to support the Groups risk appetite and economic capital requirements. |
| Support the Groups credit rating. |
| Ensure locally regulated subsidiaries can meet their minimum capital requirements. |
| Allocate capital to businesses to support the Groups strategic objectives, including optimising returns on economic and regulatory capital. |
External Regulatory Capital Requirements
The Group is subject to minimum capital requirements imposed by the Financial Services Authority (FSA), following guidelines developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (the Basel Committee) and implemented in the UK via European Union Directives.
Under Basel II, effective from 1st January 2008, the Group has approval by the FSA to use the advanced approaches to credit and operational risk management. Pillar 1 capital requirements are generated using the Groups risk models.
Under Pillar 2 of Basel II, the Group is subject to an overall regulatory capital requirement based on individual capital guidance (ICG) received from the FSA. The ICG imposes additional capital requirements in excess of Pillar 1 minimum capital requirements.
Outside the UK, the Group has operations (and main regulators) located in continental Europe, in particular France, Germany, Spain, Portugal and Italy (local central banks and other regulatory authorities); Asia Pacific (various regulatory authorities including the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, the Japanese FSA and the Monetary Authority of Singapore); Africa, where the Groups operations are headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa (The South African Reserve Bank and the Financial Services Board (FSB)) and the United States of America (the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB) and the Securities and Exchange Commission).
The Group manages its capital resources to ensure that those Group entities that are subject to local capital adequacy regulation in individual countries meet their minimum capital requirements. Local management manages compliance with subsidiary entity minimum regulatory capital requirements with reporting to local Asset and Liability Committees and to Treasury Committee, as required.
290 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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52 Capital Management (continued)
Regulatory Capital
The table below provides details of the regulatory capital resources managed by the Group.
Basel ll 2008 £m |
Basel I 2007 £m |
|||||
Total qualifying Tier 1 capital |
37,250 | 27,408 | ||||
Total qualifying Tier 2 capital |
22,333 | 17,123 | ||||
Total deductions |
(856 | ) | (1,889 | ) | ||
Total net capital resources |
58,727 | 42,642 |
Insurance businesses
Insurance businesses are subject to separate regulation regarding Capital management and have constraints on the transfer of capital. Capital resource requirements are assessed at company level in accordance with local laws and regulations. However, the requirement is that each life fund should be able to meet its own liabilities. In the event that this should not be the case, shareholders equity would be required to meet its liabilities to the extent that they could not otherwise be met.
The capital resource requirement of the insurance businesses at 31st December 2008 was £192m (31st December 2007: £216m).
53 Segmental reporting
The following section analyses the Groups performance by business. For management and reporting purposes, Barclays is organised into the following business groupings:
Global Retail and Commercial Banking
| UK Retail Banking |
| Barclays Commercial Bank |
| Barclaycard |
| GRCB Western Europe |
| GRCB Emerging Markets |
| GRCB Absa |
Investment Banking and Investment Management
| Barclays Capital |
| Barclays Global Investors |
| Barclays Wealth |
Head Office Functions and Other Operations
UK Retail Banking
UK Retail Banking comprises Personal Customers, Home Finance, Local Business, Consumer Lending and Barclays Financial Planning. This cluster of businesses aims to build broader and deeper relationships with its Personal and Local Business customers through providing a wide range of products and financial services. Personal Customers and Home Finance provide access to current account and savings products, Woolwich branded mortgages and general insurance. Consumer Lending provides unsecured loan and protection products and Barclays Financial Planning provides investment advice and products. Local Business provides banking services, including money transmission, to small businesses.
Barclays Commercial Bank
Barclays Commercial Bank provides banking services to organisations with an annual turnover of more than £1m. Customers are served via a network of relationship and industry sector specialists, which provides solutions constructed from a comprehensive suite of banking products, support, expertise and services, including specialist asset financing and leasing facilities. Customers are also offered access to the products and expertise of other businesses in the Group, particularly Barclays Capital, Barclaycard and Barclays Wealth.
Barclaycard
Barclaycard is a multi-brand credit card and consumer lending business which also processes card payments for retailers and merchants and issues credit and charge cards to corporate customers and the UK Government. It is one of Europes leading credit card businesses and has an increasing presence in the United States and South Africa.
In the UK, Barclaycard comprises Barclaycard UK Cards, Barclaycard Partnerships, Barclays Partner Finance and FirstPlus.
Outside the UK, Barclaycard provides credit cards in the United States, Germany, South Africa (through management of the Absa credit card portfolio) and in the Scandinavian region, where Barclaycard operates through Entercard, a joint venture with Swedbank.
Barclaycard works closely with other parts of the Group, including UK Retail Banking, Barclays Commercial Bank and GRCB Western Europe and GRCB Emerging Markets, to leverage their distribution capabilities.
Global Retail and Commercial Banking Western Europe
GRCB Western Europe encompasses Barclays Global Retail and Commercial Banking as well as Barclaycard operations in Spain, Italy, Portugal and France. GRCB Western Europe serves customers through a variety of distribution channels. GRCB Western Europe provides a variety of products including retail mortgages, current and deposit accounts, commercial lending, unsecured lending, credit cards, investments, and insurance serving the needs of Barclays retail, mass affluent, and corporate customers.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
291 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
53 Segmental reporting (continued)
Global Retail and Commercial Banking Emerging Markets
GRCB Emerging Markets encompasses Barclays Global Retail and Commercial Banking, as well as Barclaycard operations, in 14 countries organised in six geographic areas: India and Indian Ocean (India, Mauritius and Seychelles); Middle East and North Africa (UAE and Egypt); East and West Africa (Ghana, Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya); Southern Africa (Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe); Russia; and Pakistan (from 23rd July 2008). GRCB Emerging Markets serves its customers through a variety of distribution channels. GRCB Emerging Markets provides a variety of traditional retail and commercial products including retail mortgages, current and deposit accounts, commercial lending, unsecured lending, credit cards, treasury and investments. In addition to this, it provides specialist services such as Sharia compliant products and mobile banking.
Global Retail and Commercial Banking Absa
GRCB Absa represents Barclays consolidation of Absa, excluding Absa Capital and Absa Card which is included as part of Barclays Capital and Barclaycard respectively. Absa Group Limited is a South African financial services organisation serving personal, commercial and corporate customers predominantly in South Africa. GRCB Absa serves retail customers through a variety of distribution channels and offers a full range of banking services, including current and deposit accounts, mortgages, instalment finance, credit cards, bancassurance products and wealth management services. It also offers customised business solutions for commercial and large corporate customers.
Barclays Capital
Barclays Capital is the investment banking division of Barclays that provides large corporate, institutional and government clients with solutions to their financing and risk management needs.
Barclays Capital services a wide variety of client needs, covering strategic advisory and M&A; equity and fixed income capital raising and corporate lending; and risk management across foreign exchange, interest rates, equities and commodities.
Activities are organised into three principal areas: Global Markets, which includes commodities, credit products, equities, foreign exchange, interest rate products; Investment Banking, which includes corporate advisory, Mergers and Acquisitions, equity and fixed-income capital raising and corporate lending; and Private Equity and Principal Investments. Barclays Capital includes Absa Capital, the investment banking business of Absa. Barclays Capital works closely with all other parts of the Group to leverage synergies from client relationships and product capabilities.
Barclays Global Investors
BGI is an asset manager and a provider of investment management products and services.
BGI offers structured investment strategies such as indexing, global asset allocation and risk controlled active products including hedge funds and provides related investment services such as securities lending, cash management and portfolio transition services. BGI collaborates with the other Barclays businesses, particularly Barclays Capital and Barclays Wealth, to develop and market products and leverage capabilities to better serve the client base.
Barclays Wealth
Barclays Wealth serves high net worth, affluent and intermediary clients worldwide, providing private banking, asset management, stockbroking, offshore banking, wealth structuring and financial planning services and managed the closed life assurance activities of Barclays and Woolwich in the UK.
Barclays Wealth works closely with all other parts of the Group to leverage synergies from client relationships and product capabilities.
Head Office Functions and Other Operations
Head Office Functions and Other Operations comprises head office and central support functions, businesses in transition and inter-segment adjustments.
Head office and central support functions comprises the following areas: Executive Management, Finance, Treasury, Corporate Affairs, Human Resources, Strategy and Planning, Internal Audit, Legal, Corporate Secretariat, Property, Tax, Compliance and Risk. Costs incurred wholly on behalf of the businesses are recharged to them.
Businesses in transition principally relate to certain lending portfolios that are centrally managed with the objective of maximising recovery from the assets.
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|
53 Segmental reporting (continued)
As at 31st December 2008 |
UK Retail Banking £m |
|
Barclays Commercial Bank £m |
|
Barclaycard £m |
|
GRCB Western Europe £m |
|
GRCB Emerging Markets £m |
|
GRCB Absa £m |
|
Barclays Capital £m |
|
Barclays Global Investors £m |
|
Barclays Wealth £m |
|
Head office functions and other operations £m |
|
Total £m |
| |||||||||||
Interest income from external customers | 2,816 | 1,589 | 1,677 | 808 | 644 | 1,223 | 2,026 | (52 | ) | 496 | 242 | 11,469 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income from external customers | 1,702 | 1,068 | 1,492 | 625 | 375 | 946 | 2,989 | 1,890 | 914 | (355 | ) | 11,646 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income from external customers, net of insurance claims | 4,518 | 2,657 | 3,169 | 1,433 | 1,019 | 2,169 | 5,015 | 1,838 | 1,410 | (113 | ) | 23,115 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Inter-segment income |
(36 | ) | 88 | 50 | (3 | ) | | 29 | 216 | 6 | (86 | ) | (264 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims | 4,482 | 2,745 | 3,219 | 1,430 | 1,019 | 2,198 | 5,231 | 1,844 | 1,324 | (377 | ) | 23,115 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions | (602 | ) | (414 | ) | (1,097 | ) | (296 | ) | (166 | ) | (347 | ) | (2,423 | ) | | (44 | ) | (30 | ) | (5,419 | ) | ||||||||||||
Segment expenses external | (2,138 | ) | (934 | ) | (1,405 | ) | (1,108 | ) | (856 | ) | (1,576 | ) | (3,789 | ) | (1,231 | ) | (809 | ) | (520 | ) | (14,366 | ) | |||||||||||
Inter-segment expenses |
(381 | ) | (129 | ) | (17 | ) | 179 | 137 | 271 | 15 | (18 | ) | (126 | ) | 69 | | |||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
(2,519 | ) | (1,063 | ) | (1,422 | ) | (929 | ) | (719 | ) | (1,305 | ) | (3,774 | ) | (1,249 | ) | (935 | ) | (451 | ) | (14,366 | ) | |||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | 8 | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | | | 5 | 6 | | | | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | | | | | | 1 | | | 326 | | 327 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
| | 92 | 52 | | | 2,262 | | | | 2,406 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business segment profit before tax | 1,369 | 1,266 | 789 | 257 | 134 | 552 | 1,302 | 595 | 671 | (858 | ) | 6,077 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional information |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortisation | 111 | 69 | 114 | 69 | 58 | 117 | 272 | 40 | 40 | 31 | 921 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment loss intangible assets | | | | | | | | | (3 | ) | | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | | | 37 | | | | 74 | | | | 111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures | 1 | (3 | ) | (13 | ) | | | 84 | 150 | | | 122 | 341 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
101,384 | 84,029 | 30,925 | 64,732 | 14,653 | 40,391 | 1,629,117 | 71,340 | 13,263 | 3,146 | 2,052,980 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
104,640 | 64,997 | 3,004 | 37,250 | 10,517 | 20,720 | 1,603,093 | 68,372 | 45,846 | 47,130 | 2,005,569 |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
293 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
53 Segmental reporting (continued)
As at 31st December 2007 |
UK Retail Banking |
|
Barclays Commercial Bank £m |
|
Barclaycard £m |
|
GRCB Western Europe £m |
|
GRCB Emerging Markets |
|
GRCB Absa |
|
Barclays Capital £m |
|
Barclays Global Investors |
|
Barclays Wealth £m |
|
Head office functions and other operations £m |
|
Total £m |
| |||||||||||
Net interest income from external customers | 2,725 | 1,624 | 1,303 | 472 | 344 | 1,140 | 1,536 | (2 | ) | 453 | 15 | 9,610 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income from external customers | 1,652 | 922 | 1,086 | 474 | 189 | 832 | 5,398 | 1,917 | 890 | 30 | 13,390 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from external customers, net of insurance claims | 4,377 | 2,546 | 2,389 | 946 | 533 | 1,972 | 6,934 | 1,915 | 1,343 | 45 | 23,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Inter-segment income | (80 | ) | 18 | 141 | (9 | ) | | 27 | 185 | 11 | (56 | ) | (237 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims | 4,297 | 2,564 | 2,530 | 937 | 533 | 1,999 | 7,119 | 1,926 | 1,287 | (192 | ) | 23,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions | (559 | ) | (292 | ) | (827 | ) | (76 | ) | (39 | ) | (146 | ) | (846 | ) | | (7 | ) | (3 | ) | (2,795 | ) | ||||||||||||
Segment expenses external | (2 ,154 | ) | (785 | ) | (1,079 | ) | (859 | ) | (553 | ) | (1,518 | ) | (3,989 | ) | (1,180 | ) | (829 | ) | (253 | ) | (13,199 | ) | |||||||||||
Inter-segment expenses | (316 | ) | (144 | ) | (14 | ) | 186 | 158 | 251 | 16 | (12 | ) | (144 | ) | 19 | | |||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
(2 ,470 | ) | (929 | ) | (1,093 | ) | (673 | ) | (395 | ) | (1,267 | ) | (3,973 | ) | (1,192 | ) | (973 | ) | (234 | ) | (13,199 | ) | |||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | 7 | | (7 | ) | | 1 | 6 | 35 | | | | 42 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | | 14 | | 8 | | 5 | | | | 1 | 28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business segment profit before tax | 1,275 | 1,357 | 603 | 196 | 100 | 597 | 2,335 | 734 | 307 | (428 | ) | 7,076 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional information |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortisation | 101 | 33 | 79 | 42 | 30 | 121 | 181 | 22 | 18 | 26 | 653 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment loss intangible assets | | 13 | | | | 1 | | | | | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures | (7 | ) | 1 | (8 | ) | | | 108 | 171 | | | 112 | 377 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
88,477 | 74,566 | 22,121 | 43,702 | 9,188 | 36,368 | 839,850 | 89,218 | 18,188 | 5,683 | 1,227,361 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
101,516 | 66,251 | 1,952 | 24,004 | 7,507 | 17,176 | 811,704 | 87,096 | 44,152 | 33,527 | 1,194,885 |
As at 31st December 2006 |
UK Retail Banking |
|
Barclays Commercial Bank £m |
|
Barclaycard £m |
|
GRCB Western Europe £m |
|
GRCB Emerging Markets |
|
GRCB Absa |
|
Barclays Capital £m |
|
Barclays Global Investors |
|
Barclays Wealth £m |
|
Head office functions and other operations £m |
|
Total £m |
| |||||||||||
Net interest income from external customers | 2,649 | 1,618 | 1,294 | 389 | 274 | 1,030 | 1,460 | 17 | 404 | 8 | 9,143 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income from external customers | 1,673 | 771 | 1,226 | 364 | 122 | 967 | 4,746 | 1,653 | 795 | 135 | 12,452 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from external customers, net of insurance claims | 4,322 | 2,389 | 2,520 | 753 | 396 | 1,997 | 6,206 | 1,670 | 1,199 | 143 | 21,595 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Inter-segment income |
24 | 15 | 56 | (2 | ) | | 34 | 61 | (5 | ) | (39 | ) | (144 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total income net of insurance claims | 4,346 | 2,404 | 2,576 | 751 | 396 | 2,031 | 6,267 | 1,665 | 1,160 | (1 | ) | 21,595 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment charges and other credit provisions | (635 | ) | (253 | ) | (1,053 | ) | (38 | ) | (30 | ) | (112 | ) | (42 | ) | | (2 | ) | 11 | (2,154 | ) | |||||||||||||
Segment expenses external |
(2 ,263 | ) | (696 | ) | (861 | ) | (693 | ) | (461 | ) | (1,529 | ) | (3,988 | ) | (940 | ) | (772 | ) | (471 | ) | (12,674 | ) | |||||||||||
Inter-segment expenses |
(269 | ) | (172 | ) | (132 | ) | 143 | 191 | 210 | (21 | ) | (11 | ) | (141 | ) | 202 | | ||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
(2 ,532 | ) | (868 | ) | (993 | ) | (550 | ) | (270 | ) | (1,319 | ) | (4,009 | ) | (951 | ) | (913 | ) | (269 | ) | (12,674 | ) | |||||||||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures | 2 | 3 | (8 | ) | (1 | ) | 41 | 9 | | | | | 46 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures | | 76 | | | 247 | | | | | | 323 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Business segment profit before tax | 1,181 | 1,362 | 522 | 162 | 384 | 609 | 2,216 | 714 | 245 | (259 | ) | 7,136 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional information |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortisation |
100 | 23 | 69 | 44 | 28 | 141 | 132 | 13 | 10 | 31 | 591 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment loss intangible assets | | | | 1 | 1 | 5 | | | | | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures | (6 | ) | 9 | 7 | (1 | ) | | 51 | 71 | | | 97 | 228 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
81,693 | 66,224 | 20,033 | 33,487 | 5,219 | 29,575 | 657,922 | 80,515 | 15,023 | 7,096 | 996,787 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
94,694 | 62,335 | 2,062 | 17,545 | 5,207 | 13,974 | 632,208 | 79,366 | 37,652 | 24,354 | 969,397 |
294 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
53 Segmental reporting (continued)
Revenue by products and services
An analysis of revenue from external customers by product or service is presented below:
As at 31st December |
2008 £m |
|
2007 £m |
|
2006 £m |
| |||
Net interest income |
|||||||||
Cash and balances with central banks |
174 | 145 | 91 | ||||||
Available for sale investments |
2,355 | 2,580 | 2,811 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
1,267 | 1,416 | 903 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
23,754 | 19,559 | 16,290 | ||||||
Other |
460 | 1,608 | 1,710 | ||||||
Interest income |
28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | ||||||
Deposits from banks |
(2,189 | ) | (2,720 | ) | (2,819 | ) | |||
Customer accounts |
(6,697 | ) | (4,110 | ) | (3,076 | ) | |||
Debt securities in issue |
(5,910 | ) | (6,651 | ) | (5,282 | ) | |||
Subordinated liabilities |
(1,349 | ) | (878 | ) | (777 | ) | |||
Other |
(396 | ) | (1,339 | ) | (708 | ) | |||
Interest expense |
(16,541 | ) | (15,698 | ) | (12,662 | ) | |||
Net interest income |
11,469 | 9,610 | 9,143 | ||||||
Net fee and commission income |
|||||||||
Brokerage fees |
87 | 109 | 70 | ||||||
Investment management fees |
1,616 | 1,787 | 1,535 | ||||||
Securities lending |
389 | 241 | 185 | ||||||
Banking and credit related fees and commissions |
7,208 | 6,363 | 6,031 | ||||||
Foreign exchange commissions |
189 | 178 | 184 | ||||||
Fee and commission income |
9,489 | 8,678 | 8,005 | ||||||
Fee and commission expense |
(1,082 | ) | (970 | ) | (828 | ) | |||
Net fee and commission income |
8,407 | 7,708 | 7,177 | ||||||
Principal transactions |
|||||||||
Rates related business |
4,751 | 4,162 | 2,848 | ||||||
Credit related business |
(3,422 | ) | (403 | ) | 766 | ||||
Net investment income |
680 | 1,216 | 962 | ||||||
Principal transactions |
2,009 | 4,975 | 4,576 | ||||||
Net premiums from insurances contracts |
1,090 | 1,011 | 1,060 | ||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts |
(237 | ) | (492 | ) | (575 | ) | |||
Other income |
377 | 188 | 214 | ||||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
23,115 | 23,000 | 21,595 |
Interest income
Cash and balances with central banks interest income consists of interest income from cash on deposit with central banks. Available for sale investments interest income consists of the interest yield on debt securities, treasury bills and other eligible bills. Loans and advances to banks interest income consists of interest income from loans and advances to other banks. Loans and advances to customers interest income consists of interest income from loans, mortgages, advances and credit cards to customers. Other interest income principally consists of interest income relating to reverse repurchase agreements.
Interest expense
Deposits from banks interest expense consists of interest expense paid to other banks on their deposits with Barclays. Customer accounts interest expense consists of interest expense paid to customers on their current and savings account with Barclays. Debt securities in issue interest expense consists of interest expense paid to customers who hold Barclays debt securities in issue. Subordinated liabilities interest expense consists of interest expense paid to customers who hold Barclays subordinated liabilities. Other interest expense principally consists of interest expense relating to repurchase agreements and hedging activity.
Fee and commission income
Brokerage fees income consists of fees charged to facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers. The brokerage fee is charged for services such as negotiations, sales, purchases, delivery or advice on the transaction. Investment management fees are levied on assets under management. Securities lending fees are charged when stock is lent to third parties. Banking and credit related fees and commissions consist of fees and commissions charged on banking and credit card transactions. Foreign exchange commissions are earned on foreign exchange transactions with customers.
Fee and commission expense
Fee and commission expense consists of fees paid to third parties to facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers. The fee is charged for services such as negotiations, sales, purchases, delivery or advice on the transaction.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
295 |
Notes to the accounts
For the year ended 31st December 2008
53 Segmental reporting (continued)
Principal transactions
Rates and Credit related business consists of profits and losses arising both on the purchase and sale of trading instruments and from the revaluation to market value together with the interest income and expense from these instruments and the related funding costs. Net investment income consists of the net gain from disposal of available for sale assets, dividend income, net gain from financial instruments designated at fair value and other investment income.
Total income net of insurance claims
Net premiums from insurance contracts consists of gross premiums from insurance contracts and premiums ceded to reinsurers. Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts consists of gross claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts and reinsurers share of claims incurred. Other income consists of increase in fair value of assets held under linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts, increase in liabilities to customers under investment contracts, property rentals and other income.
Geographical information
(i) A geographical analysis of revenues from external customers is presented below:
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||
Attributed to the UK |
12,277 | 13,127 | 12,154 | |||
Attributed to other regions |
||||||
Other European Union |
3,633 | 3,374 | 2,882 | |||
United States |
710 | 2,209 | 2,840 | |||
Africa |
3,633 | 3,188 | 2,791 | |||
Rest of the World |
2,862 | 1,102 | 928 | |||
Total |
23,115 | 23,000 | 21,595 | |||
Individual countries included in Other European Union, Africa and Rest of the World contributing to more than 5% of income from external customers are as follows:
| ||||||
South Africa |
2,618 |
2,374 |
2,359 |
296 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Consolidated income statement
For the year ended 31st December
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
||||||||
Continuing operations |
|||||||||||
Interest income |
a | 28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | |||||||
Interest expense
|
a | (16,595 | ) | (15,707 | ) | (12,662 | ) | ||||
Net interest income
|
11,415 | 9,601 | 9,143 | ||||||||
Fee and commission income |
b | 9,489 | 8,682 | 8,005 | |||||||
Fee and commission expense
|
b | (1,082 | ) | (970 | ) | (828 | ) | ||||
Net fee and commission income
|
8,407 | 7,712 | 7,177 | ||||||||
Net trading income |
c | 1,260 | 3,759 | 3,632 | |||||||
Net investment income
|
c | 680 | 1,216 | 962 | |||||||
Principal transactions
|
1,940 | 4,975 | 4,594 | ||||||||
Net premiums from insurance contracts |
5 | 1,090 | 1,011 | 1,060 | |||||||
Other income
|
f | 454 | 224 | 257 | |||||||
Total income |
23,306 | 23,523 | 22,231 | ||||||||
Net claims and benefits incurred on insurance contracts
|
5 | (237 | ) | (492 | ) | (575 | ) | ||||
Total income net of insurance claims |
23,069 | 23,031 | 21,656 | ||||||||
Impairment charges
|
7 | (5,419 | ) | (2,795 | ) | (2,154 | ) | ||||
Net income
|
17,650 | 20,236 | 19,502 | ||||||||
Staff costs |
8 | (7,779 | ) | (8,405 | ) | (8,169 | ) | ||||
Administration and general expenses |
d | (5,662 | ) | (4,141 | ) | (3,914 | ) | ||||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment |
23 | (630 | ) | (467 | ) | (455 | ) | ||||
Amortisation of intangible assets
|
22 | (291 | ) | (186 | ) | (136 | ) | ||||
Operating expenses
|
(14,362 | ) | (13,199 | ) | (12,674 | ) | |||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
20 | 14 | 42 | 46 | |||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
327 | 28 | 323 | ||||||||
Gains on acquisitions
|
39 | 2,406 | | | |||||||
Profit before tax |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | ||||||||
Tax
|
e | (786 | ) | (1,981 | ) | (1,941 | ) | ||||
Profit after tax
|
5,249 | 5,126 | 5,256 | ||||||||
Profit attributable to minority interests |
403 | 377 | 342 | ||||||||
Profit attributable to equity holders
|
4,846 | 4,749 | 4,914 | ||||||||
5,249
|
|
5,126
|
|
5,256
|
|
The note numbers refer to the notes on pages 210 to 298, whereas the note letters refer to those on pages 304 to 312.
298 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Consolidated balance sheet
As at 31st December
Notes | 2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Assets |
|||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 5,801 | |||||
Items in the course of collection from other banks |
1,695 | 1,836 | |||||
Trading portfolio assets |
g | 185,646 | 193,726 | ||||
Financial assets designated at fair value: |
|||||||
held on own account |
13 | 54,542 | 56,629 | ||||
held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
13 | 66,657 | 90,851 | ||||
Derivative financial instruments |
14 | 984,802 | 248,088 | ||||
Loans and advances to banks |
15 | 47,707 | 40,120 | ||||
Loans and advances to customers |
15 | 461,815 | 345,398 | ||||
Available for sale financial investments |
h | 65,016 | 43,256 | ||||
Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed |
17 | 130,354 | 183,075 | ||||
Other assets |
i | 6,302 | 5,153 | ||||
Current tax assets |
389 | 518 | |||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
20 | 341 | 377 | ||||
Goodwill |
21 | 7,625 | 7,014 | ||||
Intangible assets |
22 | 2,777 | 1,282 | ||||
Property, plant and equipment |
23 | 4,674 | 2,996 | ||||
Deferred tax assets
|
19 | 2,668 | 1,463 | ||||
Total assets
|
2,053,029 | 1,227,583 | |||||
Liabilities |
|||||||
Deposits from banks |
114,910 | 90,546 | |||||
Items in the course of collection due to other banks |
1,635 | 1,792 | |||||
Customer accounts |
335,533 | 295,849 | |||||
Trading portfolio liabilities |
12 | 59,474 | 65,402 | ||||
Financial liabilities designated at fair value |
24 | 76,892 | 74,489 | ||||
Liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
13 | 69,183 | 92,639 | ||||
Derivative financial instruments |
14 | 968,072 | 248,288 | ||||
Debt securities in issue |
153,426 | 120,228 | |||||
Repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities lent |
17 | 182,285 | 169,429 | ||||
Other liabilities |
j | 12,640 | 10,514 | ||||
Current tax liabilities |
1,215 | 1,311 | |||||
Insurance contract liabilities, including unit-linked liabilities |
26 | 2,152 | 3,903 | ||||
Subordinated liabilities |
27 | 29,842 | 18,150 | ||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
19 | 304 | 855 | ||||
Provisions |
28 | 535 | 830 | ||||
Retirement benefit liabilities
|
30 | 1,357 | 1,537 | ||||
Total liabilities
|
2,009,455 | 1,195,762 | |||||
Shareholders equity |
|||||||
Called up share capital |
k | 2,398 | 2,382 | ||||
Share premium account |
k | 12,060 | 10,751 | ||||
Other reserves |
l | 1,723 | (170 | ) | |||
Other shareholders equity |
m | 2,564 | 2,687 | ||||
Retained earnings |
l | 22,457 | 14,222 | ||||
Shareholders equity excluding minority interests |
41,202 | 29,872 | |||||
Minority interests
|
n | 2,372 | 1,949 | ||||
Total shareholders equity
|
43,574 | 31,821 | |||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity
|
2,053,029 | 1,227,583 |
The note numbers refer to the notes on pages 210 to 298, whereas the note letters refer to those on pages 304 to 312.
These financial statements have been approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 5th March 2009.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
299 |
Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense
For the year ended 31st December
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Available for sale reserve: |
|||||||||
Net (losses)/gains from changes in fair value |
(1,757 | ) | 389 | 107 | |||||
Losses transferred to net profit due to impairment |
382 | 13 | 86 | ||||||
Net gains transferred to net profit on disposal |
(209 | ) | (563 | ) | (327 | ) | |||
Net (gains)/losses transferred to net profit due to fair value hedging |
(2 | ) | 68 | 14 | |||||
Cash flow hedging reserve: |
|||||||||
Net gains/(losses) from changes in fair value |
305 | 106 | (437 | ) | |||||
Net losses/(gains) transferred to net profit |
71 | 253 | (50 | ) | |||||
Currency translation differences |
2,407 | 54 | (781 | ) | |||||
Tax |
841 | 54 | 253 | ||||||
Other
|
(56 | ) | 22 | 25 | |||||
Amounts included directly in equity |
1,982 | 396 | (1,110 | ) | |||||
Profit after tax
|
5,249 | 5,126 | 5,256 | ||||||
Total recognised income and expense for the year
|
7,231 | 5,522 | 4,146 | ||||||
Attributable to: |
|||||||||
Equity holders |
6,654 | 5,135 | 4,132 | ||||||
Minority interests
|
577 | 387 | 14 | ||||||
7,231
|
|
5,522
|
|
4,146
|
|
300 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Consolidated cash flow statement
For the year ended 31st December
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||||||
Reconciliation of profit before tax to net cash flows from operating activities: |
|||||||||||||
Profit before tax |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | ||||||||||
Adjustment for non-cash items: |
|||||||||||||
Allowance for impairment |
5,419 | 2,795 | 2,154 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortisation and impairment of property, plant, equipment and intangibles |
951 | 669 | 612 | ||||||||||
Other provisions, including pensions |
804 | 753 | 558 | ||||||||||
Net profit from associates and joint ventures |
(14 | ) | (42 | ) | (46 | ) | |||||||
Net profit on disposal of investments and property, plant and equipment |
(371 | ) | (862 | ) | (778 | ) | |||||||
Net profit from disposal of associates and joint ventures |
| (26 | ) | (263 | ) | ||||||||
Net profit from disposal of subsidiaries |
(327 | ) | (2 | ) | (60 | ) | |||||||
Net gains on acquisitions |
(2,406 | ) | | | |||||||||
Other non-cash movements |
830 | (1,471 | ) | 1,661 | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|||||||||||||
Net increase in loans and advances to banks and customers |
(58,432 | ) | (77,987 | ) | (27,385 | ) | |||||||
Net increase in deposits and debt securities in issue |
76,886 | 91,451 | 46,944 | ||||||||||
Net (increase)/decrease in derivative financial instruments |
(17,529 | ) | (2,144 | ) | 1,196 | ||||||||
Net decrease/(increase) in trading portfolio assets |
26,945 | (18,245 | ) | (18,333 | ) | ||||||||
Net (decrease)/increase in trading liabilities |
(5,928 | ) | (6,472 | ) | 310 | ||||||||
Net decrease/(increase) in financial investments |
5,229 | (4,379 | ) | 1,538 | |||||||||
Net (increase)/decrease in other assets |
(3,005 | ) | 1,296 | (1,527 | ) | ||||||||
Net decrease in other liabilities |
(492 | ) | (1,056 | ) | (1,580 | ) | |||||||
Tax paid
|
(1,725 | ) | (1,583 | ) | (2,141 | ) | |||||||
Net cash from operating activities
|
32,870 | (10,198 | ) | 10,057 | |||||||||
Purchase of available for sale financial investments |
(57,756 | ) | (26,947 | ) | (47,109 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale or redemption of available for sale financial investments |
51,429 | 38,423 | 46,069 | ||||||||||
Purchase of intangible assets |
(687 | ) | (263 | ) | (212 | ) | |||||||
Purchase of property, plant and equipment |
(1,720 | ) | (1,241 | ) | (654 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment |
799 | 617 | 786 | ||||||||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |
(961 | ) | (270 | ) | (248 | ) | |||||||
Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed |
238 | 383 | (15 | ) | |||||||||
Increase in investment in subsidiaries |
(157 | ) | (668 | ) | (432 | ) | |||||||
Decrease in investment in subsidiaries |
19 | 57 | 44 | ||||||||||
Acquisition of associates and joint ventures |
(96 | ) | (220 | ) | (162 | ) | |||||||
Disposal of associates and joint ventures |
137 | 145 | 739 | ||||||||||
Other cash flows associated with investing activities
|
| | 17 | ||||||||||
Net cash from investing activities
|
(8,755 | ) | 10,016 | (1,177 | ) | ||||||||
Dividends paid |
(1,796 | ) | (3,418 | ) | (2,373 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from borrowings and issuance of debt securities |
9,645 | 4,625 | 2,493 | ||||||||||
Repayments of borrowings and redemption of debt securities |
(1,207 | ) | (683 | ) | (366 | ) | |||||||
Net issue of shares and other equity instruments |
1,327 | 1,355 | 585 | ||||||||||
Capital injection from Barclays PLC |
5,137 | 1,434 | | ||||||||||
Net issues of shares to minority interests
|
11 | 199 | 226 | ||||||||||
Net cash from financing activities
|
13,117 | 3,512 | 565 | ||||||||||
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
|
(5,801 | ) | (654 | ) | 552 | ||||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
|
31,431 | 2,676 | 9,997 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
|
33,078 | 30,402 | 20,405 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
|
64,509 | 33,078 | 30,402 | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents comprise: |
|||||||||||||
Cash and balances at central banks |
30,019 | 5,801 | 6,795 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
47,707 | 40,120 | 30,926 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash amounts and amounts with original maturity greater than three months |
(15,428 | ) | (19,376 | ) | (15,892 | ) | |||||||
32,279 | 20,744 | 15,034 | |||||||||||
Available for sale treasury and other eligible bills |
65,016 | 43,256 | 51,952 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash and amounts with original maturity greater than three months |
(62,916 | ) | (41,872 | ) | (50,933 | ) | |||||||
2,100 | 1,384 | 1,019 | |||||||||||
Trading portfolio assets |
185,646 | 193,726 | 177,884 | ||||||||||
Less: non-cash and amounts with maturity greater than three months |
(185,535 | ) | (188,591 | ) | (170,346 | ) | |||||||
111 | 5,135 | 7,538 | |||||||||||
Other |
| 14 | 16 | ||||||||||
64,509
|
|
33,078
|
|
30,402
|
|
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
301 |
Notes to the accounts
a Net interest income
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Cash and balances with central banks |
174 | 145 | 91 | ||||||
Available for sale investments |
2,355 | 2,580 | 2,811 | ||||||
Loans and advances to banks |
1,267 | 1,416 | 903 | ||||||
Loans and advances to customers |
23,754 | 19,559 | 16,290 | ||||||
Other |
460 | 1,608 | 1,710 | ||||||
Interest income |
28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | ||||||
Deposits from banks |
(2,189 | ) | (2,720 | ) | (2,819 | ) | |||
Customer accounts |
(6,714 | ) | (4,110 | ) | (3,076 | ) | |||
Debt securities in issue |
(5,947 | ) | (6,651 | ) | (5,282 | ) | |||
Subordinated liabilities |
(1,349 | ) | (878 | ) | (777 | ) | |||
Other |
(396 | ) | (1,348 | ) | (708 | ) | |||
Interest expense |
(16,595 | ) | (15,707 | ) | (12,662 | ) | |||
Net interest income |
11,415 | 9,601 | 9,143 |
Interest income includes £135m (2007: £113m, 2006: £98m) accrued on impaired loans.
Other interest income principally includes interest income relating to reverse repurchase agreements. Similarly, other interest expense principally includes interest expense relating to repurchase agreements and hedging activity.
Included in net interest income is hedge ineffectiveness as detailed in Note 14.
b Net fee and commission income
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Fee and commission income |
|||||||||
Brokerage fees |
87 | 109 | 70 | ||||||
Investment management fees |
1,616 | 1,787 | 1,535 | ||||||
Securities lending |
389 | 241 | 185 | ||||||
Banking and credit related fees and commissions |
7,208 | 6,367 | 6,031 | ||||||
Foreign exchange commissions |
189 | 178 | 184 | ||||||
Fee and commission income |
9,489 | 8,682 | 8,005 | ||||||
Fee and commission expense |
(1,082 | ) | (970 | ) | (828 | ) | |||
Net fee and commission in come |
8,407 | 7,712 | 7,177 |
c Principal transactions
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m | ||||||
Rates related business |
4,682 | 4,162 | 2,866 | |||||
Credit related business |
(3,422 | ) | (403 | ) | 766 | |||
Net trading in come |
1,260 | 3,759 | 3,632 | |||||
Net gain from disposal of available for sale assets |
212 | 560 | 307 | |||||
Dividend income |
196 | 26 | 15 | |||||
Net gain from financial instruments designated at fair value |
33 | 293 | 447 | |||||
Other investment income |
239 | 337 | 193 | |||||
Net investment in come |
680 | 1,216 | 962 | |||||
Principal transactions |
1,940 | 4,975 | 4,594 |
Net trading income includes the profits and losses arising both on the purchase and sale of trading instruments and from the revaluation to fair value, together with the interest income earned from these instruments and the related funding cost.
Of the total net trading income, a £2,096m net loss (2007: £116m loss, 2006: £1,427m gain) was made on the purchase and sale of securities and the revaluation of both securities and derivatives. This included a £1,272m gain (2007: £640m gain, 2006: £480m gain) that was earned in foreign exchange dealings.
The net loss on financial assets designated at fair value included within principal transactions was £6,602m (2007: £78m gain, 2006: £489m gain) of which losses of £6,635m (2007: £215m loss, 2006: £42m gain) were included in net trading income and gains of £33m (2007: £293m, 2006: £447m) were included in net investment income.
302 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
c Principal transactions (continued)
The net gain on financial liabilities designated at fair value included within principal transactions was £3,328m (2007: £231m loss, 2006: £920m loss), all of which was included within net trading income.
Net trading income includes the net gain from widening of credit spreads relating to Barclays Capital issued notes held at fair value was £1,663m (2007: £658m, 2006: £nil).
d Administration and general expenses
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Administrative expenses |
5,149 | 3,978 | 3,980 | ||||||
Impairment charges/(releases): |
|||||||||
property and equipment (Note 23) |
33 | 2 | 14 | ||||||
intangible assets (Note 22) |
(3 | ) | 14 | 7 | |||||
goodwill (Note 21) |
111 | | | ||||||
Operating lease rentals |
520 | 414 | 345 | ||||||
Gain on property disposals |
(148 | ) | (267 | ) | (432 | ) | |||
Administration and general expenses |
5,662 | 4,141 | 3,914 |
Auditors remuneration
2008 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
12 | | | | 12 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Banks associates pursuant to legislation |
20 | | | | 20 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
| 2 | | | 2 | |||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 10 | | 10 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Bank or any of its associates |
| | | 3 | 3 | |||||
Other |
| 4 | | 1 | 5 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
32 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 52 | |||||
2007 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
7 | | | | 7 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Banks associates pursuant to legislation |
12 | | | | 12 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
6 | 2 | | | 8 | |||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 8 | | 8 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Bank or any of its associates |
| | | 5 | 5 | |||||
Other |
| 2 | | 2 | 4 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
25 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 44 | |||||
2006 | ||||||||||
Audit £m |
Audit related £m |
Taxation services £m |
Other services £m |
Total £m | ||||||
Audit of the Groups annual accounts |
7 | | | | 7 | |||||
Other services: |
||||||||||
Fees payable for the audit of the Banks associates pursuant to legislation |
11 | | | | 11 | |||||
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation |
10 | 1 | | | 11 | |||||
Other services relating to taxation |
| | 6 | | 6 | |||||
Services relating to corporate finance transactions entered into or proposed to be entered into by or on behalf of the Bank or any of its associates |
| | | 4 | 4 | |||||
Other |
| 4 | | 1 | 5 | |||||
Total auditors remuneration |
28 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 44 |
The figures shown in the above table relate to fees paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and its associates. Fees paid to other auditors not associated with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in respect of the audit of the Banks subsidiaries were £3m (2007: £2m, 2006: £2m).
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
303 |
Barclays Bank PLC data
Notes to the accounts
d Administration and general expenses (continued)
Fees payable for the audit of the Banks associates pursuant to legislation comprise the fees for the statutory audit of the subsidiaries and associated pension schemes both inside and outside Great Britain and fees for the work performed by the associates of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP in respect of the consolidated financial statements of the Bank. The fees relating to the audit of the associated pension schemes were £0.2m (2007: £0.3m, 2006: £0.3m).
Other services supplied pursuant to such legislation comprise services in relation to statutory and regulatory filings. These includes audit services for the review of the interim financial information under the Listing Rules of the UK listing authority and fees paid for reporting under Section 404 of the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Section 404). In 2008 fees paid for reporting under Section 404 are not separately identifiable from the fees of the audit of the Banks annual accounts and the Banks associates. Fees for the audit of Barclays Bank PLC Group accounts are not separately identifiable from Barclays PLC, therefore there is no difference in the amounts reported in both Annual Reports. In addition, other services include Section 404 advisory, reporting accountant work for capital raising, securitisations and services relating to acquisition activities.
Taxation services include compliance services such as tax return preparation and advisory services such as consultation on tax matters, tax advice relating to transactions and other tax planning and advice.
Services relating to corporate finance transactions comprise due diligence related to transactions and other work in connection with such transactions.
e Tax
The charge for tax is based upon the UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%) and comprises:
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Current tax charge/(credit) |
|||||||||
Current year |
1,559 | 2,385 | 1,929 | ||||||
Adjustment for prior years |
97 | (11 | ) | 8 | |||||
1,656 | 2,374 | 1,937 | |||||||
Deferred tax (credit)/charge |
|||||||||
Current year |
(597 | ) | (367 | ) | (16 | ) | |||
Adjustment for prior years |
(273 | ) | (26 | ) | 20 | ||||
(870 | ) | (393 | ) | 4 | |||||
Total charge |
786 | 1,981 | 1,941 | ||||||
The effective tax rate for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%). The differences are set out below:
|
| ||||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
Profit before tax |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | ||||||
Tax charge at standard UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% (2007: 30%, 2006: 30%) |
1,720 | 2,132 | 2,159 | ||||||
Adjustment for prior years |
(176 | ) | (37 | ) | 24 | ||||
Differing overseas tax rates |
215 | (77 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
Non-taxable gains and income (including amounts offset by unrecognised tax losses) |
(833 | ) | (136 | ) | (393 | ) | |||
Share-based payments |
229 | 72 | 27 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets not previously recognised |
(514 | ) | (158 | ) | (4 | ) | |||
Change in tax rates |
(1 | ) | 24 | 4 | |||||
Other non-allowable expenses |
146 | 161 | 141 | ||||||
Overall tax charge |
786 | 1,981 | 1,941 | ||||||
Effective tax rate |
13 | % | 28 | % | 27 | % |
The effective rate of tax for 2008, based on profit before tax, was 13% (2007: 28%). The effective tax rate differs from the 2007 effective rate and the UK corporation tax rate of 28.5% principally due to the Lehman Brothers North American businesses acquisition. Under IFRS the gain on acquisition of £2,262m is calculated net of deferred tax liabilities included in the acquisition balance sheet and is thus not subject to further tax in calculating the tax charge for the year. Furthermore, Barclays has tax losses previously unrecognised as a deferred tax asset but capable of sheltering part of this deferred tax liability. This gives rise to a tax benefit of £492m which, in accordance with IAS 12, is included as a credit within the tax charge for the year. The effective rate has been adversely impacted by the effect of the fall in the Barclays share price on the deferred tax asset recognised on share awards. In common with prior years there have been offsetting adjustments relating to different overseas tax rates, disallowable expenditure and non taxable gains and income.
304 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
f Other income
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
2006 £m |
|||||||
(Decrease)/increase in fair value of assets held in respect of linked liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
(10,422 | ) | 5,592 | 7,417 | |||||
Decrease/(increase) in liabilities to customers under investment contracts |
10,422 | (5,592 | ) | (7,417 | ) | ||||
Property rentals |
73 | 53 | 55 | ||||||
Other income |
381 | 171 | 202 | ||||||
Other income |
454 | 224 | 257 |
Included in other income are sub-lease rentals of £18m (2007: £18m, 2006: £18m), and in 2008 only is a £47m gain from the Visa IPO.
g Trading portfolio assets
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Trading portfolio assets |
||||||
Treasury and other eligible bills |
4,544 | 2,094 | ||||
Debt securities |
148,686 | 152,778 | ||||
Equity securities |
30,544 | 36,342 | ||||
Traded loans |
1,070 | 1,780 | ||||
Commodities |
802 | 732 | ||||
Trading portfolio assets |
185,646 | 193,726 | ||||
h Available for sale financial investments
|
||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Debt securities |
58,831 | 38,673 | ||||
Treasury bills and other eligible bills |
4,003 | 2,723 | ||||
Equity securities |
2,182 | 1,860 | ||||
Available for sale financial investments |
65,016 | 43,256 | ||||
Movement in available for sale financial investments |
||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
At beginning of year |
43,256 | 51,952 | ||||
Exchange and other adjustments |
14,275 | 1,499 | ||||
Acquisitions and transfers |
59,703 | 26,950 | ||||
Disposals (through sale and redemption) |
(50,629 | ) | (37,498 | ) | ||
(Losses)/gains from changes in fair value recognised in equity |
(1,190 | ) | 391 | |||
Impairment |
(382 | ) | (13 | ) | ||
Amortisation of discounts/premium |
(17 | ) | (25 | ) | ||
At end of year |
65,016 | 43,256 | ||||
i Other assets
|
||||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
Sundry debtors |
4,814 | 4,045 | ||||
Prepayments |
882 | 551 | ||||
Accrued income |
483 | 400 | ||||
Reinsurance assets |
123 | 157 | ||||
Other assets |
6,302 | 5,153 |
Included in the above Group balances are £4,704m (2007: £4,541m) expected to be recovered within no more than 12 months after the balance sheet date; and balances of £1,598m (2007: £612m) expected to be recovered more than 12 months after the balance sheet date.
Other assets include £3,096m (2007: £3,966m) of receivables which meet the definition of financial assets.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
305 |
Barclays Bank PLC data
Notes to the accounts
j Other liabilities
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Accruals and deferred income |
6,495 | 6,075 | ||
Sundry creditors |
6,049 | 4,356 | ||
Obligations under finance leases |
96 | 83 | ||
Other liabilities |
12,640 | 10,514 |
Included in the above are balances of £11,068m (2007: £9,058m) expected to be settled within no more than 12 months after the balance sheet date; and balances of £1,572m (2007: £1,456m) expected to be settled more than 12 months after the balance sheet date.
Accruals and deferred income included £nil (2007: £102m) in relation to deferred income from investment contracts and £nil (2007: £677m) in relation to deferred income from insurance contracts for the Group.
k Called up share capital
Ordinary Shares
The authorised ordinary share capital of the Bank, as at 31st December 2008, was 3,000 million (2007: 3,000 million) ordinary shares of £1 each.
During the year, the Bank issued 1 million ordinary shares, for cash consideration of £17m.
Preference Shares
The authorised preference share capital of Barclays Bank PLC, as at 31st December 2008, was 1,000 Preference Shares (2007: 1,000) of £1; 400,000 Preference Shares of 100 each (2007: 400,000); 400,000 Preference Shares of £100 each (2007: 400,000); 400,000 Preference Shares of US$100 each (2007: 400,000); 300 million Preference Shares of US$0.25 each (2007: 150 million).
The issued preference share capital of Barclays Bank PLC, as at 31st December 2008, comprised 1,000 (2007: 1,000) Sterling Preference Shares of £1 each; 240,000 (2007: 240,000) Euro Preference Shares of 100 each; 75,000 (2007: 75,000) Sterling Preference Shares of £100 each; 100,000 (2007: 100,000) US Dollar Preference Shares of US$100 each; 237 million (2007: 131 million) US Dollar Preference Shares of US$0.25 each.
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
Called up share capital, allotted and fully paid |
||||
At beginning of year |
2,336 | 2,329 | ||
Issued for cash |
2 | 7 | ||
At end of year |
2,338 | 2,336 | ||
Called up preference share capital, allotted and fully paid |
||||
At beginning of year |
46 | 34 | ||
Issued for cash |
14 | 12 | ||
At end of year |
60 | 46 | ||
Called up share capital |
2,398 | 2,382 | ||
Share premium |
||||
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
At beginning of year |
10,751 | 9,452 | ||
Ordinary shares issued for cash |
15 | 104 | ||
Preference shares issued for cash |
1,294 | 1,195 | ||
At end of year |
12,060 | 10,751 |
306 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
k Called up share capital (continued)
Sterling £1 Preference Shares
1,000 Sterling cumulative callable preference shares of £1 each (the £1 Preference Shares) were issued on 31st December 2004 at nil premium.
The £1 Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive Sterling cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, semi-annually at a rate reset semi-annually equal to the Sterling interbank offered rate for six-month sterling deposits.
Barclays Bank PLC shall be obliged to pay such dividends if: (1) it has profits available for the purpose of distribution under the Companies Act 1985 as at each dividend payment date; and (2) it is solvent on the relevant dividend payment date, provided that a capital regulations condition is satisfied on such dividend payment date. The dividends shall not be due and payable on the relevant dividend payment date except to the extent that Barclays Bank PLC could make such payment and still be solvent immediately thereafter. Barclays Bank PLC shall be considered solvent on any date if: (1) it is able to pay its debts to senior creditors as they fall due; and (2) its auditors have reported within the previous six months that its assets exceed its liabilities. If Barclays Bank PLC shall not pay, or shall pay only in part, a dividend for a period of seven days or more after the due date for payment, the holders of the £1 Preference Shares may institute proceedings for the winding-up of Barclays Bank PLC. No remedy against Barclays Bank PLC shall be available to the holder of any £1 Preference Shares for the recovery of amounts owing in respect of £1 Preference Shares other than the institution of proceedings for the winding-up of Barclays Bank PLC and/or proving in such winding-up. On a winding-up or other return of capital (other than a redemption or purchase by Barclays Bank PLC of any of its issued shares, or a reduction of share capital, permitted by the Articles of Barclays Bank PLC and under applicable law), the assets of Barclays Bank PLC available to shareholders shall be applied in priority to any payment to the holders of ordinary shares and any other class of shares in the capital of Barclays Bank PLC then in issue ranking junior to the £1 Preference Shares on such a return of capital and pari passu on such a return of capital with the holders of any other class of shares in the capital of Barclays Bank PLC then in issue (other than any class of shares in the capital of Barclays Bank PLC then in issue ranking in priority to the £1 Preference Shares on a winding-up or other such return of capital), in payment to the holders of the £1 Preference Shares of a sum equal to the aggregate of: (1) an amount equal to the dividends accrued thereon for the then current dividend period (and any accumulated arrears thereof) to the date of the commencement of the winding-up or other such return of capital; and (2) an amount equal to £1 per £1 Preference Share. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distributions to which they are entitled, the holders of the £1 Preference Shares will have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of Barclays Bank PLC and will not be entitled to any further participation in such return of capital. The £1 Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, subject to the Companies Act 1985 and its Articles. Holders of the £1 Preference Shares are not entitled to receive notice of, or to attend, or vote at, any general meeting of Barclays Bank PLC.
Euro Preference Shares
100,000 Euro 4.875% non-cumulative callable preference shares of 100 each (the 4.875% Preference Shares) were issued on 8th December 2004 for a consideration of 993.6m (£688.4m), of which the nominal value was 10m and the balance was share premium. The 4.875% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive Euro non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, annually at a fixed rate of 4.875% per annum on the amount of 10,000 per preference share until 15th December 2014, and thereafter quarterly at a rate reset quarterly equal to 1.05% per annum above the Euro interbank offered rate for three-month Euro deposits.
The 4.875% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, on 15th December 2014, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at 10,000 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
140,000 Euro 4.75% non-cumulative callable preference shares of 100 each (the 4.75% Preference Shares) were issued on 15th March 2005 for a consideration of 1,383.3m (£966.7m), of which the nominal value was 14m and the balance was share premium. The 4.75% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive Euro non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, annually at a fixed rate of 4.75% per annum on the amount of 10,000 per preference share until 15th March 2020, and thereafter quarterly at a rate reset quarterly equal to 0.71% per annum above the Euro interbank offered rate for three-month Euro deposits.
The 4.75% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, on 15th March 2020, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at 10,000 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
Sterling Preference Shares
75,000 Sterling 6.0% non-cumulative callable preference shares of £100 each (the 6.0% Preference Shares) were issued on 22nd June 2005 for a consideration of £732.6m, of which the nominal value was £7.5m and the balance was share premium. The 6.0% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive Sterling non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, annually at a fixed rate of 6.0% per annum on the amount of £10,000 per preference share until 15th December 2017, and thereafter quarterly at a rate reset quarterly equal to 1.42% per annum above the London interbank offered rate for three-month Sterling deposits.
The 6.0% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, on 15th December 2017, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at £10,000 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
US Dollar Preference Shares
100,000 US Dollar 6.278% non-cumulative callable preference shares of US$100 each (the 6.278% Preference Shares), represented by 100,000 American Depositary Shares, Series 1, were issued on 8th June 2005 for a consideration of US$995.4m (£548.1m), of which the nominal value was US$10m and the balance was share premium. The 6.278% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive US Dollar non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, semi-annually at a fixed rate of 6.278% per annum on the amount of US$10,000 per preference share until 15th December 2034, and thereafter quarterly at a rate reset quarterly equal to 1.55% per annum above the London interbank offered rate for three-month US Dollar deposits.
The 6.278% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, on 15th December 2034, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at US$10,000 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
30 million US Dollar 6.625% non-cumulative callable preference shares of US$0.25 each (the 6.625% Preference Shares), represented by 30 million American Depositary Shares, Series 2, were issued on 25th and 28th April 2006 for a consideration of US$727m (£406m), of which the nominal value was US$7.5m and the balance was share premium. The 6.625% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive US Dollar non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, quarterly at a fixed rate of 6.625% per annum on the amount of US$25 per preference share.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
307 |
Barclays Bank PLC data
Notes to the accounts
k Called up share capital (continued)
The 6.625% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole but not in part only, on 15th September 2011, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at US$25 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
55 million US Dollar 7.1% non-cumulative callable preference shares of US$0.25 each (the 7.1% Preference Shares), represented by 55 million American Depositary Shares, Series 3, were issued on 13th September 2007 for a consideration of US$1,335m (£657m), of which the nominal value was US$13.75m and the balance was share premium. The 7.1% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive US Dollar non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, quarterly at a fixed rate of 7.1% per annum on the amount of US$25 per preference share.
The 7.1% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole or in part, on 15th December 2012, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at US$25 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
46 million US Dollar 7.75% non-cumulative callable preference shares of US$0.25 each (the 7.75% Preference Shares), represented by 46 million American Depositary Shares, Series 4, were issued on 7th December 2007 for a consideration of US$1,116m (£550m), of which the nominal value was US$11.5m and the balance was share premium. The 7.75% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive US Dollar non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, quarterly at a fixed rate of 7.75% per annum on the amount of US$25 per preference share.
The 7.75% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole or in part, on 15th December 2013, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at US$25 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
106 million US Dollar 8.125% non-cumulative callable preference shares of US$0.25 each (the 8.125% Preference Shares), represented by 106 million American Depositary Shares, Series 5, were issued on 11th April 2008 and 25th April 2008 for a total consideration of US$2,650m (£1,345m), of which the nominal value was US$26.5m and the balance was share premium. The 8.125% Preference Shares entitle the holders thereof to receive US Dollar non-cumulative cash dividends out of distributable profits of Barclays Bank PLC, quarterly at a fixed rate of 8.125% per annum on the amount of US$25 per preference share.
The 8.125% Preference Shares are redeemable at the option of Barclays Bank PLC, in whole or in part, on 15th June 2013, and on each dividend payment date thereafter at US$25 per share plus any dividends accrued for the then current dividend period to the date fixed for redemption.
No redemption or purchase of any 4.875% Preference Shares, the 4.75% Preference Shares, the 6.0% Preference Shares, the 6.278% Preference Shares, the 6.625% Preference Shares, the 7.1% Preference Shares, the 7.75% Preference Shares and the 8.125% Preference Shares (together, the Preference Shares) may be made by Barclays Bank PLC without the prior notification to the UK FSA and any such redemption will be subject to the Companies Act 1985 and the Articles of Barclays Bank PLC.
On a winding-up of Barclays Bank PLC or other return of capital (other than a redemption or purchase of shares of Barclays Bank PLC, or a reduction of share capital), a holder of Preference Shares will rank in the application of assets of Barclays Bank PLC available to shareholders: (1) junior to the holder of any shares of Barclays Bank PLC in issue ranking in priority to the Preference Shares; (2) equally in all respects with holders of other preference shares and any other shares of Barclays Bank PLC in issue ranking pari passu with the Preference Shares; and (3) in priority to the holders of ordinary shares and any other shares of Barclays Bank PLC in issue ranking junior to the Preference Shares.
The holders of the £400m 6% Callable Perpetual Core Tier One Notes and the US$1,000m 6.86% Callable Perpetual Core Tier One Notes of Barclays Bank PLC (together, the TONs) and the holders of the US$1,250m 8.55% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the US$750m 7.375% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the 850m 7.50% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the £500m 5.3304% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the US$1,350m 5.926% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the £500m 6.3688% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments, the US$1,250m 7.434% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments and the £3,000m 14% Step-up Callable Perpetual Reserve Capital Instruments of Barclays Bank PLC (together, the RCIs) would, for the purposes only of calculating the amounts payable in respect of such securities on a winding-up of Barclays Bank PLC, subject to limited exceptions and to the extent that the TONs and the RCIs are then in issue, rank pari passu with the holders of the most senior class or classes of preference shares then in issue in the capital of Barclays Bank PLC. Accordingly, the holders of the preference shares would rank equally with the holders of such TONs and RCIs on such a winding-up of Barclays Bank PLC (unless one or more classes of shares of Barclays Bank PLC ranking in priority to the preference shares are in issue at the time of such winding-up, in which event the holders of such TONs and RCIs would rank equally with the holders of such shares and in priority to the holders of the preference shares).
Subject to such ranking, in such event, holders of the preference shares will be entitled to receive out of assets of Barclays Bank PLC available for distributions to shareholders, liquidating distributions in the amount of 10,000 per 4.875% Preference Share, 10,000 per 4.75% Preference Share, £10,000 per 6.0% Preference Share, US$10,000 per 6.278% Preference Share, US$25 per 6.625% Preference Share, US$25 per 7.1% Preference Share, US$25 per 7.75% Preference Share and US$0.25 per 8.125% Preference Share, plus, in each case, an amount equal to the accrued dividend for the then current dividend period to the date of the commencement of the winding-up or other such return of capital. If a dividend is not paid in full on any preference shares on any dividend payment date, then a dividend restriction shall apply.
This dividend restriction will mean that neither Barclays Bank PLC nor Barclays PLC may (a) declare or pay a dividend (other than payment by Barclays PLC of a final dividend declared by its shareholders prior to the relevant dividend payment date, or a dividend paid by Barclays Bank PLC to Barclays PLC or to a wholly owned subsidiary) on any of their respective ordinary shares, other preference shares or other share capital or (b) redeem, purchase, reduce or otherwise acquire any of their respective share capital, other than shares of Barclays Bank PLC held by Barclays PLC or a wholly owned subsidiary, until the earlier of: (1) the date on which Barclays Bank PLC next declares and pays in full a preference dividend; and (2) the date on or by which all the preference shares are redeemed in full or purchased by Barclays Bank PLC.
Holders of the preference shares are not entitled to receive notice of, or to attend, or vote at, any general meeting of Barclays Bank PLC. Barclays Bank PLC is not permitted to create a class of shares ranking as regards participation in the profits or assets of Barclays Bank PLC in priority to the preference shares, save with the sanction of a special resolution of a separate general meeting of the holders of the preference shares (requiring a majority of not less than three-fourths of the holders of the preference shares voting at the separate general meeting) or with the consent in writing of the holders of three-fourths of the preference shares.
Except as described above, the holders of the preference shares have no right to participate in the surplus assets of Barclays Bank PLC.
308 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
l Reserves
Other reserves |
|||||||||||
Available for sale reserve £m |
Cash flow hedging reserve £m |
Translation £m |
Total £m |
||||||||
At 1st January 2008 |
111 | 26 | (307 | ) | (170 | ) | |||||
Net (losses)/gains from changes in fair value |
(1,752 | ) | 252 | | (1,500 | ) | |||||
Net (gains)/losses transferred to net profit |
(212 | ) | 19 | | (193 | ) | |||||
Currency translation differences |
| | 2,307 | 2,307 | |||||||
Losses transferred to net profit due to impairment |
382 | | | 382 | |||||||
Changes in insurance liabilities |
17 | | | 17 | |||||||
Net gains transferred to net profit due to fair value hedging |
(2 | ) | | | (2 | ) | |||||
Tax |
207 | (165) | 840 | 882 | |||||||
At 31st December 2008 |
(1,249) | 132 | 2,840 | 1,723 |
Retained earnings |
|||
Retained earnings £m |
|||
At 1st January 2008 |
14,222 | ||
Profit attributable to equity holders |
4,846 | ||
Equity-settled share schemes |
463 | ||
Tax on equity-settled shares schemes |
(4 | ) | |
Other taxes |
(52 | ) | |
Vesting of Barclays PLC shares under share-based payment schemes |
(437 | ) | |
Dividends paid |
(1,160 | ) | |
Dividends on preference shares and other shareholders equity |
(502 | ) | |
Capital injection from Barclays PLC |
5,137 | ||
Other movements |
(56) | ||
At 31st December 2008 |
22,457 | ||
At 1st January 2007 |
11,556 | ||
Profit attributable to equity holders |
4,749 | ||
Equity-settled share schemes |
567 | ||
Tax on equity-settled shares schemes |
28 | ||
Vesting of Barclays PLC shares under share-based payment schemes |
(524 | ) | |
Dividends paid |
(3,287 | ) | |
Dividends on preference shares and other shareholders equity |
(345 | ) | |
Capital injection from Barclays PLC |
1,434 | ||
Other movements |
44 | ||
At 31st December 2007 |
14,222 |
Transfers from the cash flow hedging reserve to the income statement were: interest income £4m loss (2007: £93m loss), interest expense £74m loss (2007: £11m gain), net trading income £119m gain (2007: £100m loss) and administration and general expenses of £60m loss (2007: £16m loss).
m Other shareholders equity
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
At 1st January |
2,687 | 2,534 | ||
Appropriations |
23 | 8 | ||
Other movements |
(146) | 145 | ||
At 31st December |
2,564 | 2,687 |
Included in other shareholders equity are:
Issuances of reserve capital instruments which bear a fixed rate of interest ranging between 7.375%-8.55% until 2010 or 2011. After these dates, in the event that the reserve capital instruments are not redeemed, they will bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London or European interbank rates. These instruments are repayable, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any coupon payment date falling in or after June or December 2010 or 2011. The Bank may elect to defer any payment of interest on the reserve capital instruments for any period of time. Whilst such deferral is continuing, neither the Bank nor Barclays PLC may declare or pay a dividend, subject to certain exceptions, on any of its ordinary shares or preference shares.
Issuance of capital notes which bear interest at rates fixed periodically in advance, based on London interbank rates. These notes are repayable in each case, at the option of the Bank, in whole on any interest payment date. The Bank is not obliged to make a payment of interest on its capital notes if, in the preceding six months, a dividend has not been declared or paid on any class of shares of Barclays PLC.
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
309 |
Barclays Bank PLC data
Notes to the accounts
n Minority interests
2008 £m |
2007 £m |
|||||
At beginning of year |
1,949 | 1,685 | ||||
Share of profit after tax |
403 | 377 | ||||
Dividend and other payments |
(134 | ) | (131 | ) | ||
Equity issued by subsidiaries |
4 | 137 | ||||
Available for sale reserve: net (loss)/gain from changes in fair value |
(1 | ) | 1 | |||
Cash flow hedges: net gain/(loss) from changes in fair value |
76 | (16 | ) | |||
Currency translation differences |
59 | 16 | ||||
Additions |
| 27 | ||||
Disposals |
(11 | ) | (111 | ) | ||
Other |
27 | (36 | ) | |||
At end of year |
2,372 | 1,949 |
o Dividends
2008 £m |
2007 £m | |||
On ordinary shares |
||||
Final dividend |
1,030 | 791 | ||
Interim dividends |
130 | 2,496 | ||
Dividends |
1,160 | 3,287 |
These dividends are paid to enable Barclays PLC to fund its dividends to its shareholders and in 2007, to fund the repurchase by Barclays PLC of ordinary share capital.
Dividends paid on preference shares amounted to £390m (2007: £193m). Dividends paid on other equity instruments as detailed in Note m amounted to £112m (2007: £152m).
p Financial risks
The only significant financial instruments that are held by Barclays Bank PLC and not Barclays PLC are investments in Barclays PLC ordinary shares, dealt with as trading portfolio equity assets, debt securities and available for sale financial investments as appropriate.
There consequently are no significant differences in exposures to market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and the fair value of financial instruments between Barclays PLC and Barclays Bank PLC, and no differences in the manner in which these financial risks are managed. Therefore the disclosures regarding financial risks appearing in Notes 46 to 49 are in all material respects the same for Barclays Bank PLC and Barclays PLC.
q Capital
The Barclays Bank PLC Groups policies and objectives for managing capital are the same as those for the Barclays PLC Group, disclosed in Note 52.
The table below provides details of the Barclays Bank PLC Group at 31st December 2008 and 2007.
2008 Basel II £m |
2007 Basel I £m |
|||||
Total qualifying Tier 1 capital |
37,101 | 26,534 | ||||
Total qualifying Tier 2 capital |
22,356 | 17,123 | ||||
Total deductions |
(964 | ) | (1,889 | ) | ||
Total net capital resources |
58,493 | 41,768 |
r Segmental reporting
Segmental reporting by Barclays Bank PLC is the same as that presented in Note 53 to the Barclays PLC financial statements, except for:
| the difference in profit before tax of £42m (2007: £31m) between Barclays PLC and Barclays Bank PLC is included in Head office functions and other operations. |
| the difference in total assets of £49m (2007: £222m) is represented by holdings of Barclays PLC shares held by the businesses. |
310 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
|
Financial Data
IFRS | |||||||||||||||
Selected financial statistics | 2008 % |
2007 % |
2006 % |
2005 % |
2004a % |
||||||||||
Attributable profit as a percentage of: |
|||||||||||||||
average total assets |
0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | ||||||||||
average shareholders equity |
13.8 | 16.3 | 20.2 | 17.4 | 21.3 | ||||||||||
Average shareholders equity as a percentage of average total assets
|
2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | ||||||||||
Selected income statement data
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
||||||||||
Interest income |
28,010 | 25,308 | 21,805 | 17,232 | 13,880 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
(16,595 | ) | (15,707 | ) | (12,662 | ) | (9,157 | ) | (7,047 | ) | |||||
Non-interest income |
11,891 | 13,922 | 13,088 | 9,934 | 8,543 | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
(14,362 | ) | (13,199 | ) | (12,674 | ) | (10,527 | ) | (8,536 | ) | |||||
Impairment charges |
(5,419 | ) | (2,795 | ) | (2,154 | ) | (1,571 | ) | (1,093 | ) | |||||
Share of post-tax results of associates and joint ventures |
14 | 42 | 46 | 45 | 56 | ||||||||||
Profit on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures |
327 | 28 | 323 | | 45 | ||||||||||
Gains on acquisitions |
2,406 | | | | | ||||||||||
Profit before tax |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | 5,311 | 4,589 | ||||||||||
Attributable profit
|
4,846 | 4,749 | 4,914 | 3,695 | 3,263 | ||||||||||
Selected balance sheet data
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
£m
|
||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
43,574 | 31,821 | 27,106 | 24,243 | 16,849 | ||||||||||
Subordinated liabilities |
29,842 | 18,150 | 13,786 | 12,463 | 12,277 | ||||||||||
Deposits from banks, customer accounts and debt securities in issue |
603,869 | 506,623 | 447,453 | 417,139 | 412,358 | ||||||||||
Loans and advances to banks and customers |
509,522 | 385,518 | 313,226 | 300,001 | 343,041 | ||||||||||
Total assets
|
2,053,029 | 1,227,583 | 996,503 | 924,170 | 538,300 |
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
|
311 |
Barclays Bank PLC data
Financial Data
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges Barclays Bank PLC
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004a | |||||||||||
(in £m except for ratios) | |||||||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges |
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IFRS/UK GAAP: |
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Fixed charges |
|||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
38,235 | 37,903 | 30,385 | 20,965 | 14,464 | ||||||||||
Rental expense
|
240 | 161 | 137 | 126 | 93 | ||||||||||
Total fixed charges
|
38,475 | 38,064 | 30,522 | 21,091 | 14,557 | ||||||||||
Earnings |
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Income before taxes and minority interests |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | 5,311 | 4,589 | ||||||||||
Less: Unremitted pre-tax income of associated companies and joint ventures
|
(19 | ) | (45 | ) | (41 | ) | (28 | ) | (51 | ) | |||||
6,016 | 7,062 | 7,156 | 5,283 | 4,538 | |||||||||||
Fixed charges
|
38,475 | 38,064 | 30,522 | 21,091 | 14,557 | ||||||||||
Total earnings including fixed charges
|
44,491 | 45,126 | 37,678 | 26,374 | 19,095 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
|
1.16 | 1.19 | 1.23 | 1.25 | 1.31 |
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preference shares Barclays Bank PLC
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004a | |||||||||||
(in £m except for ratios) | |||||||||||||||
Combined fixed charges, preference share dividends and similar appropriations |
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IFRS/UK GAAP: |
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Interest expense |
38,235 | 37,903 | 30,385 | 20,965 | 14,464 | ||||||||||
Rental expense
|
240 | 161 | 137 | 126 | 93 | ||||||||||
Fixed charges |
38,475 | 38,064 | 30,522 | 21,091 | 14,557 | ||||||||||
Preference share dividends and similar appropriations
|
583 | 345 | 395 | 304 | 3 | ||||||||||
Total fixed charges
|
39,058 | 38,409 | 30,917 | 21,395 | 14,560 | ||||||||||
Earnings |
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Income before taxes and minority interests |
6,035 | 7,107 | 7,197 | 5,311 | 4,589 | ||||||||||
Less: Unremitted pre-tax income of associated companies and joint ventures
|
(19 | ) | (45 | ) | (41 | ) | (28 | ) | (51 | ) | |||||
6,016 | 7,062 | 7,156 | 5,283 | 4,538 | |||||||||||
Fixed charges
|
39,058 | 38,409 | 30,917 | 21,091 | 14,557 | ||||||||||
Total earnings including fixed charges
|
45,074 | 45,471 | 38,073 | 26,374 | 19,095 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges, preference share dividends and similar appropriations
|
1.15 | 1.18 | 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.31 |
Note
a | Does not reflect the application of IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 4 which became effective from 1st January 2005. |
312 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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Dividends on the ordinary shares of Barclays PLC
Barclays PLC has paid dividends on its ordinary shares every year without interruption since its incorporation in 1896.
As announced on 13th October 2008, in the light of the new capital ratios agreed with the FSA and in recognition of the need to maximise capital resources in the current economic climate, the Board has concluded that it would not be appropriate to pay a final dividend for 2008. The Board intends to resume dividend payments in the second half of 2009, at which time it is intended to pay dividends quarterly.
The dividends declared for each of the last five years were:
Pence per 25p ordinary share |
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2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Interim |
11.50 | 11.50 | 10.50 | 9.20 | 8.25 | |||||
Final
|
| 22.50 | 20.50 | 17.40 | 15.75 | |||||
Total
|
11.50 | 34.00 | 31.00 | 26.60 | 24.00 | |||||
US Dollars per 25p ordinary share |
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2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Interim |
0.20 | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.15 | |||||
Final
|
| 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.30 | |||||
Total
|
0.20 | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.47 | 0.45 | |||||
The gross dividends applicable to an American Depositary Share (ADS) representing four ordinary shares, before deduction of withholding tax, are as follows: | ||||||||||
US Dollars per American Depositary Share |
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2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Interim |
0.82 | 0.93 | 0.80 | 0.65 | 0.60 | |||||
Final
|
| 1.78 | 1.64 | 1.24 | 1.20 | |||||
Total
|
0.82 | 2.71 | 2.44 | 1.89 | 1.80 |
Dividends expressed in Dollars are translated at the Noon Buying Rates in New York City for cable transfers in Pounds Sterling as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (the Noon Buying Rate) for the days on which dividends are paid. No representation is made that Pounds Sterling amounts have been, or could have been, or could be, converted into Dollars at these rates.
Trading market for ordinary shares of Barclays PLC
The nominal capital of Barclays PLC is divided into 13,996,000,000 ordinary shares of 25p each (ordinary shares) 0.4 million Sterling preference shares of £100 each, 0.4 million US Dollar preference shares of $100 each, 150 million US Dollar preference shares of $0.25 each, 0.4 million Euro preference shares of 100 each, 0.4 million Yen preference shares of ¥10,000 each and 1 million staff shares of £1 each. At the close of business on 31st December 2008, 8,371,830,617 ordinary shares were outstanding.
The principal trading market for Barclays PLC ordinary shares is the London Stock Exchange. Ordinary share listings were also obtained on the Tokyo Stock Exchange with effect from 1st August 1986 and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) with effect from 9th September 1986. During the year, the Company de-listed from the Tokyo Stock Exchange with effect from 28th June 2008.
Trading on the NYSE is in the form of ADSs under the symbol BCS. Each ADS represents four ordinary shares and is evidenced by an American Depositary Receipt (ADR). The ADR depositary is J P Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. Details of trading activity are published in the stock tables of leading daily newspapers in the US.
There were 926 ADR holders and 1,528 recorded holders of ordinary shares with US addresses at 31st December 2008, whose shareholdings represented approximately 4.22% of total outstanding ordinary shares on that date. Since certain of the ordinary shares and ADRs were held by brokers or other nominees, the number of recorded holders in the US may not be representative of the number of beneficial holders or of their country of residence.
314 | Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008 | Find out more at www.barclays.com/annualreport08
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The following table shows the high and low sales price for the ordinary shares during the periods indicated, based on mid-market prices at close of business on the London Stock Exchange and the high and low sale price for ADSs as reported on the NYSE composite tape.
25p ordinary shares | American Depositary Shares | |||||||
High p |
Low p |
High US$ |
Low US$ | |||||
2009 |
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By month: |
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January |
184.6 | 51.2 | 10.97 | 3.07 | ||||
February |
116.2 | 92.3 | 6.99 | 5.32 | ||||
2008 |
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By month: |
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July |
356.5 | 260.5 | 28.2 | 20.76 | ||||
August |
379.5 | 311.0 | 29.52 | 23.62 | ||||
September |
389.0 | 301.0 | 32.5 | 21.48 | ||||
October |
368.0 | 178.9 | 25.9 | 10.73 | ||||
November |
195.9 | 127.7 | 12.68 | 7.37 | ||||
December |
162.0 | 138.2 | 9.81 | 8.45 | ||||
By quarter: |
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First quarter |
506.42 | 382.25 | 41.39 | 32.27 | ||||
Second quarter |
490.83 | 291.5 | 39.89 | 23.15 | ||||
Third quarter |
389.0 | 260.5 | 32.5 | 20.76 | ||||
Fourth quarter |
368.0 | 127.7 | 25.9 | 7.37 | ||||
2007 |
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First quarter |
790.0 | 673.5 | 62.46 | 53.35 | ||||
Second quarter |
756.0 | 696.0 | 60.37 | 55.79 | ||||
Third quarter |
738.5 | 580.0 | 60.35 | 46.61 | ||||
Fourth quarter |
665.5 | 474.5 | 54.48 | 39.86 | ||||
2008 |
506.42 | 127.7 | 41.39 | 7.37 | ||||
2007 |
790.0 | 474.5 | 62.46 | 39.86 | ||||
2006 |
737.0 | 586.0 | 61.52 | 41.80 | ||||
2005 |
615.0 | 520.0 | 47.0 | 37.16 | ||||
2004 |
586.0 | 443.0 | 45.99 | 32.78 | ||||
2003 |
527.0 | 311.0 | 36.57 | 20.30 |
This section incorporates information on the prices at which securities of Barclays PLC have traded. It is emphasised that past performance cannot be relied upon as a guide to future performance.
Shareholdings at 31st December 2008a |
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Number of shareholders |
Percentage of holders |
Shares held (millions) |
Percentage of capital | |||||
Classification of shareholders |
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Personal holders |
732,093 | 97.10 | 750.24 | 8.97 | ||||
Banks and nominees |
20,516 | 2.72 | 6,522.72 | 77.90 | ||||
Other companies |
1,758 | 0.18 | 1,098.84 | 13.13 | ||||
Insurance companies |
13 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
Pensions funds |
23 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
Totals
|
754,403 | 100 | 8,371.8 | 100 | ||||
Shareholding range |
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1-100 |
30,074 | 4.02 | 1.27 | 0.02 | ||||
101-250 |
232,523 | 30.8 | 48.9 | 0.58 | ||||
251-500 |
240,892 | 31.9 | 82.3 | 0.98 | ||||
501-1,000 |
117,044 | 15.5 | 82.2 | 0.98 | ||||
1,001-5,000 |
102,416 | 13.6 | 210.1 | 2.51 | ||||
5,001-10,000 |
16,943 | 2.25 | 119.71 | 1.43 | ||||
10,001-25,000 |
10,083 | 1.34 | 152.72 | 1.82 | ||||
25,001-50,000 |
2,318 | 0.31 | 79.4 | 0.96 | ||||
50,001 and over
|
2,110 | 0.28 | 7,595.2 | 90.72 | ||||
Totals
|
754,403 | 100 | 8,371.8 | 100 | ||||
United States holdings |
1,528 | 0.2 | 3.23 | 0.04 |
Note
a | These figures include Barclays Sharestore members. |
Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Shareholder information
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Shareholder information
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Annual Report 2008 index
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Barclays PLC Annual Report 2008
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Glossary of terms
Term used in Annual Report |
US equivalent or brief description | |
Accounts |
Financial statements | |
Allotted |
Issued | |
Attributable profit |
Net income | |
Called up share capital |
Ordinary shares, issued and fully paid | |
Capital allowances |
Tax term equivalent to US tax depreciation allowances | |
Cash at bank and in hand |
Cash | |
Class of business |
Industry segment | |
Finance lease |
Capital lease | |
Freehold |
Ownership with absolute rights in perpetuity | |
Loans and advances |
Lendings | |
Loan capital |
Long-term debt | |
Net asset value |
Book value | |
Profit |
Income | |
Share capital |
Ordinary shares, capital stock or common stock issued and fully paid | |
Share premium account |
Additional paid-up capital or paid-in surplus (not distributable) | |
Shares in issue |
Shares outstanding | |
Write-offs |
Charge-offs |
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