10-K
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

 

(Mark One)

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             .

Commission File No. 001-33099

 

 

 

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BlackRock, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   32-0174431

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

55 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10055

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(212) 810-5300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $.01 par value   New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known, seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)

 

Large accelerated filer   x    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the voting common stock and nonvoting common stock equivalents held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2013 was approximately $42.8 billion.

As of January 31, 2014, there were 167,508,698 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The following documents are incorporated by reference herein:

Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement of BlackRock, Inc. to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the general rules and regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for the 2014 annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 29, 2014 (“Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

BlackRock, Inc.

Table of Contents

 

PART I   
Item 1   Business      1   
Item 1A   Risk Factors      16   
Item 1B   Unresolved Staff Comments      25   
Item 2   Properties      25   
Item 3   Legal Proceedings      25   
Item 4   Mine Safety Disclosures      25   
PART II   
Item 5   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities      26   
Item 6   Selected Financial Data      27   
Item 7   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      29   
Item 7A   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk      58   
Item 8   Financial Statements and Supplemental Data      59   
Item 9   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure      59   
Item 9A   Controls and Procedures      59   
Item 9B   Other Information      62   
PART III   
Item 10   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance      62   
Item 11   Executive Compensation      62   
Item 12   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters      62   
Item 13   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence      62   
Item 14   Principal Accountant Fees and Services      62   
PART IV   
Item 15   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules      62   
  Signatures      66   

 

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PART I

 

Item 1. Business

OVERVIEW

BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE: BLK; together, with its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise indicates, “BlackRock” or the “Company”) is the world’s largest publicly traded investment management firm with employees in more than 30 countries who serve clients in over 100 countries across the globe. We provide a broad range of investment and risk management services and had $4.324 trillion of assets under management (“AUM”) at December 31, 2013. Our clients include retail, including high net worth, and institutional investors, comprised of pension funds, official institutions, endowments, insurance companies, corporations, financial institutions, central banks and sovereign wealth funds. The Company is highly regulated and serves its clients as a fiduciary. We do not engage in proprietary trading activities that could conflict with the interests of our clients.

Our unique platform enables us to offer active and passive products and risk management capabilities to develop tailored solutions for clients. Our product range includes single- and multi-asset portfolios investing in equities, fixed income, alternatives and/or money market instruments. We offer our products directly and through intermediaries in a variety of vehicles, including open-end and closed-end mutual funds, iShares® exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) and other exchange-traded products (together with ETFs, “ETPs”), collective investment funds and separate accounts. We also offer our BlackRock Solutions® (“BRS”) risk management and advisory services primarily to institutional investors.

BlackRock is an independent, publicly traded company, with no single majority shareholder and over two-thirds of its Board of Directors consisting of independent directors. At December 31, 2013, The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (“PNC”) held 20.9% of BlackRock’s voting common stock and 21.9% of BlackRock’s capital stock, which includes outstanding common stock and nonvoting preferred stock.

Management seeks to achieve attractive returns for stockholders over time by, among other things, capitalizing on the following factors:

 

    the Company’s diversified active and passive product offerings, which enhance its ability to offer a variety of traditional and alternative investment products across the risk spectrum and to tailor single- and multi-asset investment solutions to address specific client needs;
    the Company’s focus on strong performance providing alpha for active products and limited or no tracking error for passive products;

 

    the Company’s longstanding commitment to risk management and the continued development of, and increased interest in, BRS products and services;

 

    the Company’s positioning in the face of macro challenges driving trends in investor behavior, including the secular shift to passive investing and ETPs, a focus on income and retirement, and barbelling of risk using passive and active products, including alternatives;

 

    the Company’s global presence and commitment to best practices around the world, with approximately 48% of employees outside the United States supporting local investment capabilities and serving clients, and approximately 44% of total AUM managed for clients domiciled outside the United States; and

 

    the growing recognition of the global BlackRock brand, and the depth and breadth of the Company’s intellectual capital.

BlackRock operates in a global marketplace characterized by a high degree of market volatility and economic uncertainty, factors that can significantly affect earnings and stockholder returns in any given period.

The Company’s ability to increase revenue, earnings and stockholder value over time is predicated on its ability to generate new business, including business in BRS products and services. New business efforts are dependent on BlackRock’s ability to achieve clients’ investment objectives in a manner consistent with their risk preferences and to deliver excellent client service. All of these efforts require the commitment and contributions of BlackRock employees. Accordingly, the ability to attract, develop and retain talented professionals is critical to the Company’s long-term success.

 

 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

 

    Selected GAAP Financial Results  
(in millions, except per share data)   2013     2012     2011     2010     2009     2008     5-Year
CAGR(4)
 

Total revenue

  $  10,180      $  9,337      $  9,081      $  8,612      $  4,700      $  5,064        15

Operating income

  $ 3,857      $ 3,524      $ 3,249      $ 2,998      $ 1,278      $ 1,593        19

Operating margin

    37.9     37.7     35.8     34.8     27.2     31.5     4

Nonoperating income (expense)(1)

  $ 97      $ (36   $ (116   $ 36      $ (28   $ (422     (175 %) 

Net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc.

  $ 2,932      $ 2,458      $ 2,337      $ 2,063      $ 875      $ 784        30

Diluted earnings per common share

  $ 16.87      $ 13.79      $ 12.37      $ 10.55      $ 6.11      $ 5.78        24

 

    Selected Non-GAAP Financial Results  
(in millions, except per share data)   2013     2012     2011     2010     2009     2008     5-Year
CAGR(4)
 

As adjusted(2):

             

Operating income

  $    4,024      $  3,574      $  3,392      $  3,167      $  1,570      $  1,662        19

Operating margin(3)

    41.4     40.4     39.7     39.3     38.2     38.7     1

Nonoperating income (expense)(1)

  $ 7      $ (42   $ (113   $ 25      $ (46   $ (384     (145 %) 

Net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc.

  $ 2,882      $ 2,438      $ 2,239      $ 2,139      $ 1,021      $ 856        27

Diluted earnings per common share

  $ 16.58      $ 13.68      $ 11.85      $ 10.94      $ 7.13      $ 6.30        21

 

(1) Net of net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (“NCI”) (redeemable and nonredeemable).

 

(2) BlackRock reports its financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”); however, management believes evaluating the Company’s ongoing operating results may be enhanced if investors have additional non-GAAP basis financial measures. Management reviews non-GAAP financial measures to assess ongoing operations and, for the reasons described below, considers them to be effective indicators, for both management and investors, of BlackRock’s financial performance over time. BlackRock’s management does not advocate that investors consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. GAAP reported results include certain significant items, the after-tax impact of which management deems nonrecurring, recurring infrequently or transactions that ultimately will not impact BlackRock’s book value and, therefore, are excluded in calculating as adjusted results.

 

  See reconciliation to GAAP measures in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Non-GAAP Financial Measures, for further information on as adjusted items for 2013, 2012 and 2011. Operating income, as adjusted, for 2009 excluded certain expenses incurred related to the integration of the acquisition of Barclays Global Investors (“BGI”), as well as advisory fees, legal fees and consulting transaction expenses related to the acquisition of BGI from Barclays on December 1, 2009 (the “BGI Transaction”), and restructuring charges. Operating income, as adjusted, for 2008 excluded restructuring charges. The portion of compensation expense associated with certain long-term incentive plans (“LTIP”) funded or to be funded through share distributions to participants of BlackRock stock held by PNC and a Merrill Lynch cash compensation contribution has also been excluded because these charges do not impact BlackRock’s book value. Compensation expense associated with appreciation (depreciation) on investments related to certain BlackRock deferred compensation plans has been excluded from operating and nonoperating income, as adjusted, as returns on investments set aside for these plans, which substantially offset this expense, are reported in nonoperating income (expense).

 

(3) Operating income used for measuring operating margin, as adjusted, is equal to operating income, as adjusted, excluding the impact of closed-end fund launch costs and related commissions. Management believes the exclusion of such costs and related commissions is useful because these costs can fluctuate considerably and revenues associated with the expenditure of these costs will not fully impact the Company’s results until future periods. Revenue used for operating margin, as adjusted, excludes distribution and servicing costs paid to related parties and other third parties. Management believes the exclusion of such costs is useful because it creates consistency in the treatment for certain contracts for similar services, which due to the terms of the contacts, are accounted for under GAAP on a net basis within investment advisory, administration fees and securities lending revenue. Amortization of deferred sales commissions is excluded from revenue used for operating margin measurement, as adjusted, because such costs, over time, substantially offset distribution fee revenue the Company earns. In addition, in 2008, revenue used for operating margin, as adjusted, excluded reimbursable property management compensation, which represented compensation and benefits paid to personnel of Metric Property Management, Inc. (“Metric”), a subsidiary of BlackRock Realty Advisors, Inc. (“Realty”). Prior to the transfer in 2008 to a third party, these employees were retained on Metric’s payroll when certain properties were acquired by Realty’s clients. The related compensation and benefits were fully reimbursed by Realty’s clients and have been excluded from revenue used for operating margin, as adjusted, because they did not bear an economic cost to BlackRock.

 

  Net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., as adjusted, and diluted earnings per common share, as adjusted exclude the after-tax impact of the items listed above and also include the effect on deferred income tax expense attributable to changes in corporate income tax rates as a result of income tax law changes and a state tax election.

 

(4) Percentage represents compounded annual growth rate (“CAGR”).

 

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ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT

A summary of the Company’s AUM by product type for the years 2008 through 2013 is presented below:

 

   

AUM by Product Type

December 31,

 
(in millions)   2013     2012     2011     2010     2009     2008  

Equity

  $ 2,317,695      $ 1,845,501      $ 1,560,106      $ 1,694,467      $ 1,536,055      $ 203,292   

Fixed income

    1,242,186        1,259,322        1,247,722        1,141,324        1,055,627        481,365   

Multi-asset

    341,214        267,748        225,170        185,587        142,029        77,516   

Alternatives

    111,114        109,795        104,948        109,738        102,101        61,544   

Long-term

    4,012,209        3,482,366        3,137,946        3,131,116        2,835,812        823,717   

Cash management

    275,554        263,743        254,665        279,175        349,277        338,439   

Advisory

    36,325        45,479        120,070        150,677        161,167        144,995   

Total

  $  4,324,088      $  3,791,588      $  3,512,681      $  3,560,968      $  3,346,256      $  1,307,151   

 

   

Component Changes in AUM by Product Type

Five Years Ended December 31, 2013

 
(in millions)   12/31/2008     Net New
Business
    Acquired
AUM, net(1)
   

Market /

FX

    12/31/2013     5-Year
CAGR
 

Equity

  $ 203,292      $ 260,503      $ 1,061,801      $ 792,099      $ 2,317,695        63

Fixed income

    481,365        17,779        502,988        240,054        1,242,186        21

Multi-asset

    77,516        139,077        45,907        78,714        341,214        35

Alternatives

    61,544        (19,722     68,351        941        111,114        13

Long-term

    823,717        397,637        1,679,047        1,111,808        4,012,209        37

Cash management

    338,439        (118,341     53,616        1,840        275,554        (4 %) 

Advisory

    144,995         (112,263     (10     3,603        36,325        (24 %) 

Total

  $  1,307,151      $ 167,033      $  1,732,653      $  1,117,251      $  4,324,088        27

 

(1) Amounts include acquisition adjustments and reclassification of certain AUM acquired from BGI in December 2009, Swiss Re Private Equity Partners (“SRPEP”) in September 2012, Claymore Investments, Inc. (“Claymore”) in March 2012, Credit Suisse’s ETF franchise (“Credit Suisse ETF Transaction”) in July 2013, MGPA in October 2013 and other reclassifications to conform to current period combined AUM policy and presentation. Amounts also include BGI merger-related outflows due to manager concentration considerations prior to the third quarter of 2011 and outflows from scientific active equity performance prior to the second quarter of 2011. As a result of client investment manager concentration limits and the scientific active equity performance, outflows were expected to occur for a period of time subsequent to the close of the transaction.

 

AUM represents the broad ranges of financial assets we manage for clients on a discretionary basis pursuant to investment management agreements that are expected to continue for at least 12 months. In general, reported AUM reflects the valuation methodology that corresponds to the basis used for billing (for example, net asset value). Reported AUM does not include assets for which we provide risk management or other forms of non-discretionary advice, or assets that we are retained to manage on a short-term, temporary basis.

Investment management fees are typically expressed as a percentage of AUM. We also earn performance fees on certain portfolios relative to an agreed-upon benchmark or return hurdle. On some products, we also may earn securities lending fees. In addition, BlackRock offers its proprietary Aladdin® investment system as well as risk

management, outsourcing and advisory services, to institutional investors under the BRS name. Revenue for these services may be based on several criteria including value of positions, number of users, accomplishment of specific deliverables or other objectives.

At December 31, 2013, total AUM was $4.324 trillion, representing a CAGR of 27% over the last five years. AUM growth during the period was achieved through the combination of net market valuation gains, net new business and acquisitions, including BGI, which added approximately $1.844 trillion of AUM in December 2009, Claymore and SRPEP, which added $13.7 billion of AUM in 2012 and Credit Suisse and MGPA, which added $26.9 billion of AUM in 2013. These acquisitions significantly changed our AUM mix, from predominantly active fixed income and equity in 2008 to a broadly diversified product range, as described below.

 

 

The Company considers the categorization of its AUM by client type, product type, investment style and client region useful to understanding its business. The following discussion of the Company’s AUM will be organized as follows:

 

Client Type   Product Type   Client Region

¨ Retail

  ¨ Equity   ¨ Americas

¨ iShares

 

¨ Fixed Income

  ¨ Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”)

¨ Institutional

 

¨ Multi-asset

  ¨ Asia-Pacific
 

¨ Alternatives

 
    ¨ Cash Management    

 

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CLIENT TYPE

We serve a diverse mix of institutional and retail investors worldwide. Clients include tax-exempt institutions, such as defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, charities, foundations and endowments; official institutions, such as central banks, sovereign wealth funds, supranationals and other government entities; taxable institutions, including insurance companies, financial institutions, corporations and third-party fund sponsors; and retail investors. iShares is presented as a separate client type below, with investments in iShares by institutions and retail clients excluded from figures and discussions in their respective sections below.

Our organizational structure was designed to ensure that strong investment performance is our highest priority, and that we best align with our clients’ needs to capitalize on broader industry trends. Furthermore, our structure facilitates strong teamwork globally across both functions and regions in order to enhance our ability to leverage best practices to serve our clients and continue to develop our talent. Specifically, the client side of our business is organized into two groups: one comprising Retail and iShares and another comprising Institutional and BlackRock Solutions. The separation of the client functions into these two teams allows us to focus on the unique needs of these client groups by bringing the full capabilities of the firm to bear in an organized, cohesive approach. Additionally, our investments functions are split into five distinct strategies: Alpha, Beta, Multi-Asset, Alternatives and Trading/Liquidity.

 

 

   

AUM by Investment Style & Client Type

December 31, 2013

 
(in millions)   Retail     iShares     Institutional     Total  

Active

  $ 458,833      $      $ 932,410      $ 1,391,243   

Non-ETF Index

    28,944               1,677,650        1,706,594   

iShares

           914,372               914,372   

Long-term

    487,777        914,372        2,610,060        4,012,209   

Cash management

    44,327               231,227        275,554   

Advisory

    11               36,314        36,325   

Total AUM

  $  532,115      $  914,372      $  2,877,601      $  4,324,088   

Retail Investors

 

    Component Changes in AUM — Retail  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Adjustments(1)     Acquisitions(2)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Equity

  $ 164,748      $ 3,641      $ 13,066      $      $ 21,580      $ 203,035   

Fixed income

    138,425        14,197        3,897               (5,044     151,475   

Multi-asset class

    90,626        14,821        2,663               8,944        117,054   

Alternatives

    9,685        6,145               136        247        16,213   

Long-term retail

  $  403,484      $  38,804      $  19,626      $  136      $  25,727      $  487,777   

 

(1) Amounts include $19.6 billion of AUM related to fund ranges reclassed from institutional to retail.

 

(2) Amounts represent AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

BlackRock serves retail investors globally through separate accounts, open-end and closed-end funds, unit trusts and private investment funds. Retail investors are served principally through intermediaries, including broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, insurance companies and independent financial advisors. Clients invest primarily in mutual funds, which totaled $402.2 billion, or 82%, of retail long-term AUM at year-end, with the remainder invested in private investment funds and separately managed accounts (“SMAs”). The majority (94%) of long-term retail AUM is invested in active products, although this is impacted by the fact that iShares is shown separately. Retail represented 12% of long-term AUM at December 31, 2013 and 34% of long-term base fees for 2013.

The client base is also diversified geographically, with 70% of long-term AUM managed for investors based in the Americas, 24% in EMEA and 6% in Asia-Pacific at year-end 2013.

 

    U.S. retail long-term net inflows of $21.3 billion, or 7% organic growth, were driven by flows into income products, with investors’ continued attraction to yield in
   

a low rate environment, and a growing appreciation for duration risk. Multi-asset class products led flows with $10.0 billion of net inflows, driven by demand for our flagship Global Allocation and Multi-Asset Income funds. Fixed income net inflows of $9.4 billion reflected growing interest in unconstrained fixed income, with our Strategic Income Opportunities fund raising $6.9 billion. Our suite of six retail alternatives mutual funds continued to gain traction, raising $4.6 billion of net inflows, largely driven by our zero-duration liquid Global Long/Short Credit fund. This range of alternatives mutual funds now stands at $5.6 billion in AUM, and we are committed to broadening the distribution of alternatives funds to bring institutional-quality alternatives products to retail investors. Net inflows across multi-asset class, fixed income and alternatives were partially offset by equity net outflows of $2.8 billion, driven by historical performance-related redemptions from U.S. large cap equities, where we have implemented management changes to better meet our high performance standards. As of December 31, 2013, we are the leading U.S. manager by AUM of SMAs,

 

 

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the second largest closed-end fund manager and a top-ten manager by AUM and 2013 net flows of long-term open-end mutual funds1. In 2013, we were also the leading manager by net flows for long-dated fixed income mutual funds1.

 

    We have fully integrated our legacy retail and iShares retail distribution teams to create a unified client-facing presence. As retail clients increasingly use BlackRock’s capabilities in combination — active, alternative and passive — it is a strategic priority for BlackRock to coherently deliver these capabilities through one integrated team.
    International retail long-term net inflows of $17.5 billion, representing 15% organic growth, were positive across major regions and diversified across asset classes. Equity net inflows of $6.4 billion were driven by strong demand for our top-performing European Equities franchise as investor risk appetite for the sector improved. Multi-asset class and fixed income products each generated net inflows of $4.8 billion, as investors looked to manage duration and volatility in their portfolios. In 2013, we were ranked as the third largest cross border fund provider2. In the United Kingdom, we ranked among the five largest fund managers2.
 

 

iShares

 

    Component Changes in AUM — iShares  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Acquisition(1)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Equity

  $ 534,648      $ 74,119      $ 13,021      $ 96,347      $ 718,135   

Fixed income

    192,852        (7,450     1,294        (7,861     178,835   

Multi-asset class

    869        355               86        1,310   

Alternatives(2)

    24,337        (3,053     1,645        (6,837     16,092   

Total iShares

  $  752,706      $  63,971      $  15,960      $  81,735      $  914,372   

 

(1) Amounts represent $16.0 billion of AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition in July 2013.

 

(2) Amounts include commodity iShares.

 

iShares is the leading ETF provider in the world, with $914.4 billion of AUM at December 31, 2013, and was the top asset gatherer globally in 20133 with $64.0 billion of net inflows for an organic growth rate of 8%. Equity net inflows of $74.1 billion were driven by flows into funds with broad developed market exposures, partially offset by outflows from emerging markets products. iShares fixed income experienced net outflows of $7.5 billion, as the continued low interest rate environment led many liquidity-oriented investors to sell long-duration assets, which made up the majority of the iShares fixed income suite. In 2013, we launched several funds to meet demand from clients seeking protection in a rising interest rate environment by offering an expanded product set that includes four new U.S. funds, including short-duration versions of our flagship high yield and investment grade credit products, and short maturity and liquidity income funds. iShares alternatives had $3.1 billion of net outflows predominantly out of commodities. iShares represented 23% of long-term AUM at December 31, 2013 and 35% of long-term base fees for 2013.

iShares offers the most diverse product set in the industry with 703 ETFs at year-end 2013, and serves the broadest client base, covering more than 25 countries on five continents. During 2013, iShares continued its dual commitment to innovation and responsible product structuring by introducing 42 new ETFs, acquiring Credit Suisse’s 58 ETFs in Europe and entering into a critical new strategic alliance with Fidelity Investments to deliver Fidelity’s more than 10 million clients increased access to

iShares products, tools and support. Our alliance with Fidelity Investments and a successful full first year for the Core Series have deeply expanded our presence and offerings among buy-and-hold investors. Our broad product range offers investors a precise, transparent and low-cost way to tap market returns and gain access to a full range of asset classes and global markets that have been difficult or expensive for many investors to access until now, as well as the liquidity required to make adjustments to their exposures quickly and cost-efficiently.

 

    U.S. iShares AUM ended at $655.6 billion with $41.4 billion of net inflows driven by strong demand for developed markets equities and short-duration fixed income. During the fourth quarter of 2012, we debuted the Core Series in the United States, designed to provide the essential building blocks for buy-and-hold investors to use in constructing the core of their portfolio. The Core Series demonstrated solid results in its first full year, raising $20.0 billion in net inflows, primarily in U.S. equities. In the United States, iShares maintained its position as the largest ETF provider, with 39% share of AUM3.

 

    International iShares AUM ended at $258.8 billion with robust net new business of $22.6 billion led by demand for European and Japanese equities, as well as a diverse range of fixed income products. At year-end 2013, iShares was the largest European ETF provider with 48% of AUM3.
 

 

 

1 Simfund

 

2 Lipper FERI

 

3 BlackRock; Bloomberg

 

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Institutional Investors

 

    Component Changes in AUM – Institutional  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Adjustments(1)     Acquisition(2)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Active:

           

Equity

  $ 129,024      $  (16,504   $      $      $ 26,206      $ 138,726   

Fixed income

    518,102        (3,560                   (9,433     505,109   

Multi-asset class

    166,708        28,955        3,335               16,278        215,276   

Alternatives

    70,861        (9,819            10,836        1,421        73,299   

Active subtotal

    884,695        (928     3,335        10,836        34,472        932,410   

Non-ETF Index:

           

Equity

    1,017,081        8,001        (18,238            250,955        1,257,799   

Fixed income

    409,943        8,321        (4,723            (6,774     406,767   

Multi-asset class

    9,545        (1,833                   (138     7,574   

Alternatives

    4,912        777                      (179     5,510   

Non-ETF Index subtotal

    1,441,481        15,266        (22,961            243,864        1,677,650   

Long-term institutional

  $  2,326,176      $ 14,338      $  (19,626 )    $  10,836      $  278,336      $  2,610,060   

 

(1) Amounts include $19.6 billion of AUM related to fund ranges reclassed from institutional to retail and $6.0 billion of AUM reclassed from non-ETF index equity and fixed income to multi-asset.

 

(2) Amounts represent AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

BlackRock’s institutional AUM is well diversified by both product and region, and we serve institutional investors on six continents in sub-categories including: pensions, endowments and foundations, official institutions, and financial institutions, as described below.

Institutional active AUM ended the quarter at $932.4 billion, up $47.7 billion, or 5%, since year-end 2012. Institutional active represented 23% of long-term AUM and 21% of long-term base fees. Growth in AUM reflected continued strength in multi-asset class products with net inflows of $29.0 billion largely from defined contribution plans into target date offerings. Multi-asset class net inflows were offset by equity net outflows of $16.5 billion, with 70% of outflows coming from fundamental strategies, and fixed income net outflows of $3.6 billion, largely from U.S. intermediate duration mandates. Alternatives net outflows of $9.8 billion were primarily due to active currency redemptions of $6.5 billion and return of capital on opportunistic funds of $2.5 billion.

Institutional non-ETF index AUM totaled $1.678 trillion at December 31, 2013, reflecting net inflows of $15.3 billion. Flows were led by fixed income with net inflows of $8.3 billion, primarily into local currency, U.S. targeted duration and global bond mandates as clients rebalanced portfolios and captured gains in equity markets. Equities saw net inflows of $8.0 billion, primarily into global mandates, as clients increasingly looked to use passive vehicles for broad macro exposure. Institutional non-ETF index represented 42% of long-term AUM at December 31, 2013 and accounted for 10% of long-term base fees for 2013.

The Company’s institutional clients consist of the following:

 

    Pensions, Foundations and Endowments. BlackRock is among the largest managers of pension plan assets in the world with $1.718 trillion, or 66%, of long-term institutional AUM managed for defined benefit, defined contribution and other pension plans for corporations, governments and unions at December 31, 2013.
   

Retirement is a key theme as longevity, aging populations and changing demographics worldwide are driving investment decisions. The market landscape is shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution, driving strong flows in our defined contribution channel, which had $30.0 billion of long-term net inflows for the year, or 7% organic growth. Defined contribution net inflows were led by $20.5 billion into multi-asset class products, with our LifePath® target-date suite serving as a key component of our retirement solutions. In 2013, our LifePath franchise raised $23.9 billion in net inflows, a 38% organic growth rate. We ended 2013 with $526.4 billion in defined contribution AUM, and remain well positioned to capitalize on the on-going evolution of the defined contribution market and demand for outcome-oriented investments. An additional $59.9 billion, or 3% of long-term institutional AUM, was managed for other tax-exempt investors, including charities, foundations and endowments.

 

    Official Institutions. We also managed $221.5 billion, or 8%, of long-term institutional AUM, for official institutions, including central banks, sovereign wealth funds, supranationals, multilateral entities and government ministries and agencies at year-end 2013. This specialty client group grew with long-term net new business of $22.7 billion for the year, primarily into passive equity mandates. These clients often require specialized investment policy advice, the use of customized benchmarks and training support.

 

    Financial and Other Institutions. BlackRock is a top independent manager of assets for insurance companies, which accounted for $237.3 billion, or 9%, of institutional long-term AUM at year-end 2013, and contributed $5.7 billion of long-term net inflows. Assets managed for other taxable institutions, including corporations, banks and third-party fund sponsors for which we provide sub-advisory services, totaled $373.3 billion, or 14%, of long-term institutional AUM at year-end.
 

 

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PRODUCT TYPE

Component changes in AUM by product type and investment style for 2013 are presented below.

 

(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Adjustments(1)     Acquisitions(2)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Equity:

           

Active

  $ 287,215      $ (15,377   $      $      $ 45,424      $ 317,262   

iShares

    534,648        74,119               13,021        96,347        718,135   

Fixed income:

           

Active

    656,331        10,443                      (14,565     652,209   

iShares

    192,852        (7,450            1,294        (7,861     178,835   

Multi-asset class

    267,748        42,298        5,998               25,170        341,214   

Alternatives:

           

Core

    68,367        2,703               10,972        2,984        85,026   

Currency and commodities

    41,428        (8,653            1,645        (8,332     26,088   

Subtotal

    2,048,589        98,083        5,998        26,932        139,167        2,318,769   

Non-ETF Index:

           

Equity

    1,023,638        10,515         (5,172            253,317        1,282,298   

Fixed income

    410,139        8,515        (826            (6,686     411,142   

Subtotal non-ETF index

    1,433,777        19,030         (5,998 )             246,631        1,693,440   

Long-term

    3,482,366        117,113               26,932        385,798        4,012,209   

Cash management

    263,743        10,056                      1,755        275,554   

Advisory

    45,479        (7,442                   (1,712     36,325   

Total AUM

  $  3,791,588       $  119,727      $      $  26,932      $  385,841      $  4,324,088   

 

(1) Amounts include $6.0 billion of AUM reclassed from non-ETF index equity and fixed income to multi-asset.

 

(2) Amounts represent $16.0 billion of AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition in July 2013 and $11.0 billion of AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

Long-term product offerings include active and passive strategies. Our active strategies seek to earn attractive returns in excess of a market benchmark or performance hurdle while maintaining an appropriate risk profile. We offer two types of active strategies: those that rely primarily on fundamental research and those that utilize primarily quantitative models to drive portfolio construction. In contrast, passive strategies seek to closely track the returns of a corresponding index, generally by investing in substantially the same underlying securities within the index or in a subset of those securities selected to approximate a similar risk and return profile of the index. Passive strategies include both our institutional non-ETF index products and iShares ETFs.

Although many clients use both active and passive strategies, the application of these strategies may differ. For example, clients may use index products to gain exposure to a market or asset class. In addition, institutional non-ETF index assignments tend to be very large (multi-billion dollars) and typically reflect low fee rates. This has the potential to exaggerate the significance of net flows in institutional index products on BlackRock’s revenues and earnings.

Equity

Year-end 2013 equity AUM of $2.318 trillion increased by $472.2 billion, or 26%, from the end of 2012, largely due to flows into U.S. and a range of international equity mandates reflecting investors’ increased risk appetite and the effect of higher market valuations. Equity AUM growth included $69.3 billion in net new business and $13.0 billion in new

assets related to the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition in July 2013. Net new business of $69.3 billion was driven by net inflows of $74.1 billion and $10.5 billion into iShares and non-ETF index accounts, respectively. Passive inflows were offset by active net outflows of $15.4 billion, with net outflows of $9.9 billion and $5.5 billion from fundamental and scientific active equity products, respectively.

BlackRock’s effective fee rates fluctuate due to changes in AUM mix. Approximately half of BlackRock’s equity AUM is tied to international markets, including emerging markets, which tend to have higher fee rates than similar U.S. equity strategies. Accordingly, fluctuations in international equity markets, which do not consistently move in tandem with U.S. markets, may have a greater impact on BlackRock’s effective equity fee rates and revenues.

Fixed Income

Fixed income AUM ended 2013 at $1.242 trillion, declining $17.1 billion, or 1%, relative to December 31, 2012. The decline in AUM reflected $29.1 billion in market and foreign exchange losses, partially offset by $11.5 billion in net new business and $1.3 billion in new assets related to the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition. In 2013, net new business was led by strong flows into unconstrained fixed income offerings, such as our Strategic Income Opportunities fund, which had net inflows of $6.9 billion during the year, despite overall industry outflows from U.S. bond funds. Fixed income net inflows of $14.8 billion and $8.5 billion into fundamental and non-ETF index products, respectively, were partially offset by net outflows of $7.5 billion and $4.3 billion from iShares and model based strategies, respectively.

 

 

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Multi-Asset Class

 

    Component Changes in Multi-Asset Class AUM  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Adjustments(1)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Asset allocation and balanced

  $ 140,160      $ 15,904      $      $ 13,540      $ 169,604   

Target date/risk

    69,884        26,073        5,998        9,453        111,408   

Fiduciary

    57,704        321               2,177        60,202   

Multi-asset

  $  267,748      $  42,298      $  5,998      $  25,170      $  341,214   

 

(1) Amounts include $6.0 billion of AUM reclassed from non-ETF index equity and fixed income to multi-asset.

 

BlackRock’s multi-asset class team manages a variety of balanced funds and bespoke mandates for a diversified client base that leverages our broad investment expertise in global equities, currencies, bonds and commodities, and our extensive risk management capabilities. Investment solutions might include a combination of long-only portfolios and alternative investments as well as tactical asset allocation overlays.

Flows reflected ongoing institutional demand for our solutions-based advice with $27.1 billion, or 64%, of net inflows coming from institutional clients. Defined contribution plans of institutional clients remained a significant driver of flows, and contributed $20.5 billion to institutional multi-asset class net new business in 2013, primarily into target date and target risk product offerings. Retail net inflows of $14.8 billion were driven by particular demand for our Global Allocation suite, which saw $6.3 billion of net inflows, and our Multi-Asset Income fund which raised $4.1 billion in 2013.

The Company’s multi-asset strategies include the following:

 

    Asset allocation and balanced products represented 50% of multi-asset class AUM at year-end, with growth in AUM driven by net new business of $15.9 billion. These strategies combine equity, fixed income and alternative components for investors seeking a tailored solution relative to a specific benchmark and within a risk budget. In certain cases, these strategies seek to
 

minimize downside risk through diversification, derivatives strategies and tactical asset allocation decisions. Flagship products in this category include our Global Allocation and Multi-Asset Income suites.

 

    Target date and target risk products grew 37% organically in 2013. Institutional investors represented 90% of target date and target risk AUM, with defined contribution plans accounting for over 80% of AUM. The remaining 10% of target date and target risk AUM consisted of retail client investments. Flows were driven by defined contribution investments in our LifePath and LifePath Retirement Income® offerings, and included $10.4 billion of assets related to two large LifePath open-architecture assignments where we provide customized asset allocation glidepaths, direct asset management and model the use of third-party managers. LifePath products utilize a proprietary asset allocation model that seeks to balance risk and return over an investment horizon based on the investor’s expected retirement timing.

 

    Fiduciary management services are complex mandates in which pension plan sponsors or endowments and foundations retain BlackRock to assume responsibility for some or all aspects of plan management. These customized services require strong partnership with the clients’ investment staff and trustees in order to tailor investment strategies to meet client-specific risk budgets and return objectives.
 

 

Alternatives

 

    Component Changes in Alternatives AUM  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Acquisitions(1)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Core:

         

Hedge Funds

  $ 26,636      $ 4,440      $      $ 1,102      $ 32,178   

Funds of Funds

    29,083        (1,358            1,111        28,836   

Real Estate and Hard Assets

    12,648        (379     10,972        771        24,012   

Subtotal Core

    68,367        2,703        10,972        2,984        85,026   

Currency and commodities

    41,428        (8,653     1,645        (8,332     26,088   

Alternatives

  $  109,795      $  (5,950)      $  12,617      $  (5,348)      $  111,114   

 

(1) Amounts represent AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition in July 2013 and AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

The BlackRock Alternative Investors (“BAI”) group coordinates our alternative investment efforts, including product management, business development and client service. Our alternatives products fall into two main categories — core and currency and commodities. Core includes hedge funds, funds of funds (hedge funds and private equity), real estate and hard asset offerings. The products offered under the BAI umbrella are described below.

We continued to make significant investments in our alternatives platform as demonstrated by our acquisition of MGPA, which doubled the size of our real estate investment advisory platform in addition to extending our real estate debt and equity investment capabilities to Asia-Pacific and Europe, and the build out of our alternatives retail platform, which now stands at $16.2 billion in AUM. We believe that as alternatives become more conventional and investors adapt

 

 

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their asset allocation strategies to best meet their investment objectives, they will further increase their use of alternative investments to complement core holdings, and as a top 10 alternative provider4 our highly diversified $111.1 billion alternatives franchise is well positioned to meet growing demand from both institutional and retail investors.

Core.

 

    Hedge Funds net inflows of $4.4 billion were led by net inflows of $5.9 billion into single-strategy hedge funds. Single-strategy net inflows were driven by net inflows of $4.6 billion into retail alternative mutual funds, paced by our zero-duration liquid Global Long/Short Credit fund. Single-strategy net inflows were offset by return of capital of $2.5 billion on opportunistic funds, largely due to a partial liquidation of an opportunistic 2007 vintage closed-end mortgage fund. Hedge fund AUM includes a variety of single-strategy, multi-strategy, and global macro, as well as portable alpha, distressed and opportunistic offerings. Products include both open-end hedge funds and similar products, and closed-end funds created to take advantage of specific opportunities over a defined, often longer-term investment horizon.

 

    Funds of Funds AUM included $16.9 billion in funds of hedge funds and hybrid vehicles and $11.9 billion in private equity funds of funds. Net outflows of $1.4 billion were predominantly from funds of hedge funds.

 

    Real Estate and Hard Assets AUM grew 90% compared to year-end 2012, primarily due to $11.0 billion in new assets from the acquisition of MGPA. Offerings include high yield debt and core, value-added and opportunistic equity portfolios and renewable power funds. We continued to grow our real estate platform and product offerings with the acquisition of MGPA.

 

During 2013, we secured $6 billion of alternatives commitments in offerings including infrastructure, strategic credit and funds of funds. The majority of these commitments are unfunded and are expected to be deployed in future quarters.

Currency and Commodities. AUM in currency and commodities declined 37% compared to year-end 2012, reflecting net outflows of $8.7 billion, primarily from low fee active currency mandates. Currency and commodities products include a range of active and passive products. Our iShares commodities products represented $16.1 billion of AUM, including $1.6 billion acquired from Credit Suisse, and are not eligible for performance fees.

Cash Management

Cash management AUM totaled $275.6 billion at December 31, 2013, of which $114.7 billion was in prime strategies, up $11.8 billion, or 4%, from year-end 2012. Cash management products include taxable and tax-exempt money market funds and customized separate accounts. Portfolios are denominated in U.S. dollar, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Euro or British pound. We generated net inflows of $10.1 billion during 2013, and continue to face headwinds around the uncertainty of future regulatory changes and a near zero interest rate environment. We provided new solutions and choices for our clients by launching ultra-short duration products in the United States, which address the immediate challenge of a continuing low interest rate environment as well as provide valuable investment alternatives in the wake of money market fund regulatory change. In Europe, we launched a non-rated Euro liquidity fund. Further, some existing products were re-structured with features to address negative yields, should they occur.

 

 

CLIENT REGION

 

   

AUM by Product Type & Client Region

December 31, 2013

 
(in millions)   Americas     EMEA     Asia-Pacific     Total  

Equity

  $ 1,467,252      $ 660,602      $ 189,841      $ 2,317,695   

Fixed income

    702,608        436,124        103,454        1,242,186   

Multi-asset class

    214,895        110,524        15,795        341,214   

Alternatives

    56,490        35,923        18,701        111,114   

Long-term

    2,441,245        1,243,173        327,791        4,012,209   

Cash management

    189,359        83,207        2,988        275,554   

Advisory

    24,925        9,397        2,003        36,325   

Total

  $  2,655,529      $  1,335,777      $  332,782      $  4,324,088   

 

    Component Changes in AUM – Client Region  
(in millions)   12/31/2012     Net New
Business
    Acquisitions(1)     Market / FX     12/31/2013  

Americas

  $ 2,326,482      $ 76,017      $ 4,282      $ 248,748      $ 2,655,529   

EMEA

    1,158,261        38,743        20,536        118,237        1,335,777   

Asia-Pacific

    306,845        4,967        2,114        18,856        332,782   

Total AUM

  $  3,791,588      $  119,727      $  26,932      $  385,841      $  4,324,088   

 

(1) Amounts represent $16.0 billion of AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF acquisition in July 2013 and $11.0 billion of AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

4 Towers Watson, July 2013

 

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Our footprint in each of these regions reflects strong relationships with intermediaries and an established ability to deliver our global investment expertise in funds and other products tailored to local regulations and requirements.

Americas. Net new business in long-term products of $72.1 billion was driven by equity and multi-asset class net inflows of $53.3 billion and $36.1 billion, respectively, which were partially offset by fixed income and alternatives net outflows of $13.0 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively. During the year, we served clients through offices in 33 states in the United States as well as Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Spain.

EMEA. During the year, clients awarded us long-term net new business of $41.3 billion, including inflows from investors in 22 countries across the region. EMEA net new business was led by equity net inflows of $20.1 billion as clients began to re-risk in the face of improving confidence in European markets. Our offerings include fund families in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Dublin and iShares listed on stock exchanges throughout Europe as well as separate accounts and pooled investment products.

Asia-Pacific. Clients in the Asia-Pacific region are served through offices in Japan, Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and Korea, and joint ventures in China and India. Long-term net new business of $3.8 billion was led by fixed income and multi-asset class net inflows of $8.7 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, partially offset by equity and alternatives net outflows of $4.2 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively.

INVESTMENT PERFORMANCE

Investment performance across active and passive products as of December 31, 2013 was as follows:

 

    One-year
period
    Three-year
period
    Five-year
period
 

Fixed Income:

     

Actively managed products above benchmark or peer median

     

Taxable

    70     82     87

Tax-exempt

    48     65     65

Passively managed products within or above tolerance

    97     99     91

Equity:

     

Actively managed products above benchmark or peer median

     

Fundamental

    52     49     50

Scientific

    93     91     85

Passively managed products within or above tolerance

    94     98     94

Product Performance Notes. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Except as specified, the performance information shown is as of December 31, 2013 and is based on preliminarily data available at that time. The performance data shown reflects information for all actively and passively managed equity and fixed income accounts, including U.S. registered investment companies, European-domiciled retail funds and separate accounts for which performance data is available, including performance data

for high net worth accounts available as of November 30, 2013. The performance data does not include accounts terminated prior to December 31, 2013 and accounts for which data has not yet been verified. If such accounts had been included, the performance data provided may have substantially differed from that shown.

Performance comparisons shown are gross-of-fees for U.S. retail, institutional and high net worth separate accounts as well as EMEA institutional separate accounts, and net of fee for European domiciled retail funds. The performance tracking shown for institutional index accounts is based on gross-of-fee performance and includes all institutional accounts and all iShares funds globally using an index strategy. AUM information is based on AUM available as of December 31, 2013 for each account or fund in the asset class shown without adjustment for overlapping management of the same account or fund. Fund performance reflects the reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The information reported may differ slightly from that reported previously due to the increased number of accounts that have been verified since the last performance disclosure. BlackRock considers these differences to be not material.

Source of performance information and peer medians is BlackRock, Inc. and is based in part on data from Lipper Inc. for U.S. funds and Morningstar, Inc. for non-U.S. funds.

BLACKROCK SOLUTIONS

BlackRock Solutions offers investment management technology systems, risk management services and advisory services on a fee basis. Aladdin is our proprietary technology platform, which serves as the risk management system for both BlackRock and a growing number of sophisticated institutional investors around the world. BRS also offers comprehensive risk reporting capabilities via the Green Package® and risk management advisory services; interactive fixed income analytics through our web-based calculator, AnSer®; middle and back office outsourcing services; and investment accounting. BRS’ Financial Markets Advisory (“FMA”) group provides services such as valuation and risk assessment of illiquid assets, portfolio restructuring, workouts and dispositions of distressed assets and financial and balance sheet strategies, for a wide range of global clients.

BlackRock Solutions record revenues of $577 million were up 11% year over year. Our Aladdin business, which represented 73% of BRS revenue for the year, signed more than 15 new clients in 2013, and continues to benefit from trends favoring global investment platform consolidation and multi-asset risk solutions. Aladdin business assignments are typically long-term contracts that provide significant recurring revenue.

Our FMA group signed more than 50 new assignments during the year and continued to post strong revenues, even as the business transitions from a “crisis management” emphasis to a more institutionalized advisory business model, with a strong focus on helping clients navigate and implement requirements for the new regulatory environment. Advisory AUM decreased 20% to $36.3 billion, driven by $7.4 billion of planned client distributions reflecting our continued success in disposing of assets for clients at, or above, targeted levels.

At year-end, BRS served clients, including banks, insurance companies, official institutions, pension funds, asset managers and other institutional investors across North America, Europe, Asia and Australia.

 

 

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SECURITIES LENDING

Securities lending is managed by a dedicated team, supported by quantitative analysis, proprietary technology and disciplined risk management. The cash management team invests the cash we receive as collateral for securities on loan in other portfolios. Fees for securities lending can be structured as a share of earnings and/or as a management fee based on a percentage of the value of the cash collateral. The value of the securities on loan and the revenue earned is captured in the corresponding asset class being managed. The value of the collateral is not included in AUM.

Outstanding loan balances ended the year at approximately $156 billion, up from $134 billion at year-end 2012. Liability spreads declined from elevated 2012 levels, as the proportion of “special collateral,” securities commanding premium lending fees, declined due to low idiosyncratic risk, low single stock volatility and lack of M&A activity.

BlackRock employs a conservative investment style for cash and securities lending collateral that emphasizes quality, liquidity and interest rate risk management. Disciplined risk management, including a rigorous credit surveillance process, is an integral part of the investment process. BlackRock’s Cash Management Credit Committee has established risk limits, such as aggregate issuer exposure limits and maturity limits, across many of the products BlackRock manages, including over all of its cash management products. In the ordinary course of our business, there may be instances when a portfolio may exceed an internal risk limit or when an internal risk limit may be changed. No such instances, individually or in the aggregate, have been material to the Company. To the extent that daily evaluation/reporting of the profile of the portfolios identifies that a limit has been exceeded, the relevant portfolio will be adjusted. To the extent a portfolio manager would like to obtain a temporary waiver of a risk limit, the portfolio manager must obtain approval from the credit research team, which is independent from the cash management portfolio managers. While a risk limit may be waived, such temporary waivers are infrequent.

RISK & QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

Across all asset classes, in addition to the efforts of the portfolio management teams, the Risk & Quantitative Analysis (“RQA”) group at BlackRock draws on extensive analytical systems and proprietary and third-party data to identify, measure and manage a wide range of risks. RQA provides risk management advice and independent risk oversight of the investment management processes, identifies and helps manage counterparty and operational risks, coordinates standards for firm wide investment performance measurement and determines risk management-related analytical and information requirements. Where appropriate, RQA will work with portfolio managers and developers to facilitate the development or improvement of risk models and analytics.

COMPETITION

BlackRock competes with investment management firms, mutual fund complexes, insurance companies, banks, brokerage firms and other financial institutions that offer products that are similar to, or alternatives to, those offered by BlackRock. In order to grow its business, BlackRock must

be able to compete effectively for AUM. Key competitive factors include investment performance track records, the efficient delivery of beta for passively managed products, investment style and discipline, client service and brand name recognition. Historically, the Company has competed principally on the basis of its long-term investment performance track record, its investment process, its risk management and analytic capabilities and the quality of its client service. These factors may place BlackRock at a competitive disadvantage and there can be no assurance that the Company’s strategies and efforts to maintain its existing AUM and to attract new business will be successful.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

At December 31, 2013, BlackRock served clients in more than 100 countries across the globe, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Japan.

The following table illustrates the Company’s total revenue for 2013, 2012 and 2011 by geographic region. These amounts are aggregated on a legal entity basis and do not necessarily reflect where the customer resides.

 

(in millions)
Revenue
  2013     2012     2011  

Americas

  $ 6,829      $ 6,429      $ 6,064   

Europe

    2,832        2,460        2,517   

Asia-Pacific

    519        448        500   

Total revenue

  $  10,180      $  9,337      $  9,081   

The following table illustrates the Company’s long-lived assets, including goodwill and property and equipment at December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 by geographic region. These amounts are aggregated on a legal entity basis and do not necessarily reflect where the asset is physically located.

 

(in millions)
Long-lived Assets
  2013     2012     2011  

Americas

  $ 13,204      $ 13,238      $ 13,133   

Europe

    214        166        123   

Asia-Pacific

    87        63        73   

Total long-lived assets

  $  13,505      $  13,467      $  13,329   

Americas primarily is comprised of the United States, Canada, Brazil, Chile and Mexico, while Europe is primarily comprised of the United Kingdom. Asia-Pacific is comprised of Japan, Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, India, Malaysia and China.

EMPLOYEES

At December 31, 2013, BlackRock had a total of approximately 11,400 employees, including approximately 5,400 located in offices outside the United States. Consistent with our commitment to continually expand and enhance our talent base to support our clients, we added approximately 900 employees during the year, including in strategic focus areas.

REGULATION

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States, some of which are summarized below. These laws and regulations are primarily intended to protect investment advisory clients, investors in registered and unregistered investment companies, trust customers of BlackRock Institutional Trust Company, N.A. (“BTC”), PNC and its bank subsidiaries and their customers, and the financial system. Under these laws and regulations, agencies that regulate investment advisers, investment funds and bank holding companies and other individuals and entities have broad administrative powers, including the power to limit, restrict or prohibit the regulated entity or person from carrying on business if it fails to comply with such laws and regulations. Possible sanctions for significant compliance failures include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on engaging in certain lines of business for specified periods of time, revocation of investment adviser and other registrations, censures and fines both for individuals and the Company. The rules governing the regulation of financial institutions and their holding companies and subsidiaries are very detailed and technical. Accordingly, the discussion below is general in nature, does not purport to be complete and is current only as of the date of this report.

REGULATORY REFORM

In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “DFA”) was signed into law in the United States. The DFA is expansive in scope and requires the adoption of extensive regulations and numerous regulatory decisions in order to be fully implemented. The continued adoption of these regulations and decisions will in large measure determine the impact of the DFA on BlackRock and other financial services firms. The DFA may significantly change BlackRock’s operating environment and the financial markets in general in unpredictable ways. It is not possible to predict the ultimate effects that the DFA, or subsequent implementing regulations and decisions, will have upon BlackRock’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. Among the potential impacts, provisions of the DFA referred to as the Volcker Rule will affect the extent to which BlackRock invests in and transacts with certain of its investment funds, including private equity funds, hedge funds and funds of funds. The impact of the Volcker Rule on liquidity and pricing in the broader financial markets is unknown at this time. For a further discussion of the Volcker Rule, see “Item 1A — Risk Factors — Legal and Regulatory Risks.” In addition, BlackRock could be designated a systemically important financial institution (“SIFI”) and become subject to direct supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). If BlackRock were designated a SIFI, it could be subject to enhanced prudential, supervisory and other requirements, such as risk-based capital requirements; leverage limits; liquidity requirements; resolution plan and credit exposure report requirements; concentration limits; a contingent capital requirement; enhanced public disclosures; short-term debt limits; and overall risk management requirements. Further, new regulations under the DFA relating to regulation of swaps and derivatives will impact the manner by which BlackRock-advised funds and accounts use and trade swaps and other derivatives, and may significantly increase the costs of derivatives trading. Similarly, BlackRock’s management of funds and accounts that use and trade swaps and derivatives could be adversely impacted by recently adopted changes to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s (the “CFTC”) regulations. These rule changes

include those concerning, among other things, the registration and regulation of commodity pool operators and commodity trading advisors (and the accompanying registration and regulation of such entities by the National Futures Association (the “NFA”)), the registration status of dealer counterparties and other counterparties who are major participants in the swap markets, and requirements concerning mandatory clearing of certain swap transactions. Jurisdictions outside the United States in which BlackRock operates are also in the process of devising or considering more pervasive regulation of many elements of the financial services industry, which could have a similar impact on BlackRock and the broader markets.

The DFA and its regulations, and other new laws or regulations, or changes in enforcement of existing laws or regulations, could materially and adversely impact the scope or profitability of BlackRock’s business activities; require BlackRock to change certain business practices; divert management’s time and attention from BlackRock’s business activities to compliance activities; and expose BlackRock to additional costs (including compliance and tax costs) and liabilities, as well as reputational harm. For example, in addition to regulatory changes mandated by the DFA, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) continues to review the role of and risks related to, money market funds and has indicated that it may adopt additional regulations. Some of the proposed changes, if adopted, could significantly alter money market fund products and the entire money market fund industry. In 2012, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of the United States (the “OCC”) amended the regulations governing bank-maintained short-term investment funds (“STIFs”) to include new disclosure requirements regarding portfolio holdings and to more closely align portfolio limitations, such as maximum weighted average maturity and weighted average life, with those applicable to SEC registered money market funds. Similarly, the SEC continues to review the distribution fees paid to mutual fund distributors under Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”), which are important to a number of the mutual funds BlackRock manages. Any changes to 12b-1 fees would alter the way BlackRock’s distribution partners distribute BlackRock products. Additionally, the SEC, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and the CFTC each continue to review the use of futures and derivatives by mutual funds, and such reviews could result in regulations that further limit the use of futures and derivatives by mutual funds. If adopted, these limitations could require BlackRock to change certain mutual fund business practices or to register additional entities with the CFTC, which could result in additional costs and/or restrictions. In addition, BlackRock has begun reporting certain information about a number of its private funds to the SEC and certain information about a number of its commodity pools to the CFTC, pursuant to systemic risk reporting requirements adopted by both agencies, which have required, and will continue to require, investments in people and systems to assure timely and accurate reporting. Still another example of changes in the regulatory landscape was the IRS’ implementation of Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”). FATCA was enacted in 2010 and is intended to address tax compliance issues associated with U.S. taxpayers with foreign accounts. FATCA requires foreign financial institutions to report to the IRS information about financial accounts held by U.S. taxpayers and imposes withholding, documentation and reporting requirements on foreign financial institutions. Final

 

 

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regulations were issued by the IRS on January 17, 2013, with the earliest effective dates beginning on July 1, 2014. In many instances, however, the precise nature of what needs to be implemented will be governed by bilateral Intergovernmental Agreements (“IGAs”) between the United States and the countries in which BlackRock does business. While many of these IGAs have been put into place, others have yet to be concluded. FATCA could cause the Company to incur significant administrative and compliance costs and subject clients to U.S. tax withholding.

An example of changes in the regulatory landscape in Europe is the European Union (“EU”) Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (“AIFMD”), which became effective on July 21, 2011 and was required to be implemented by EU member states by July 22, 2013. The AIFMD regulates managers of, and service providers to, a broad range of alternative investment funds (“AIFs”) domiciled within and (depending on the precise circumstances) outside the EU. The AIFMD also regulates the marketing of all AIFs inside the European Economic Area (the “EEA”). In general, the AIFMD will have a staged implementation between mid-2013 and 2018. Compliance with the AIFMD’s requirements will restrict AIF marketing and will place additional compliance and disclosure obligations regarding remuneration, capital requirements, leverage, valuation, stakes in EU companies, depositaries, the domicile of custodians and liquidity management.

Globally, regulators are examining the potential risks in ETFs and may impose additional regulations on ETFs, including requirements to promote increased transparency and to limit the ability of ETFs to utilize derivatives. The International Organization of Securities Commissions published principles for regulatory oversight of financial benchmarks in 2013, with standards applying to methodologies for benchmark calculation, and transparency and governance issues in the benchmarking process; some national and regional regulators are currently reviewing how to apply these principles, with a draft European Regulation published in September 2013. Any of these regulatory changes could also lead to business disruptions, could materially and adversely impact the value of assets in which BlackRock has invested directly and/or on behalf of clients, and, to the extent the regulations strictly control the activities of financial services firms, could make it more difficult for BlackRock to conduct certain businesses or distinguish itself from competitors.

Additional legislation, changes in rules promulgated by regulators and self-regulatory organizations, or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and regulations may directly affect the method of operation and profitability of BlackRock. BlackRock’s profitability also could be materially and adversely affected by modification of the rules and regulations that impact the business and financial communities in general, including changes to the laws governing taxation, antitrust regulation and electronic commerce. See the “— Non-U.S. Regulation” section below for a further discussion of regulatory reforms being considered and/or adopted outside of the United States.

U.S. REGULATION

BlackRock and certain of its U.S. subsidiaries are subject to regulation, primarily at the federal level, by the SEC, the Department of Labor (the “DOL”), the Federal Reserve, the OCC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”),

the NFA, the CFTC and other government agencies and regulatory bodies. Certain of BlackRock’s U.S. subsidiaries are also subject to various anti-terrorist financing, privacy, anti-money laundering regulations and economic sanctions laws and regulations established by various agencies.

The Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers such as BlackRock, including record-keeping, operational and marketing requirements, disclosure obligations and prohibitions on fraudulent activities. The Investment Company Act imposes stringent governance, compliance, operational, disclosure and related obligations on registered investment companies and their investment advisers and distributors, such as BlackRock. The SEC is authorized to institute proceedings and impose sanctions for violations of the Advisers Act and the Investment Company Act, ranging from fines and censure to termination of an investment adviser’s registration. Investment advisers also are subject to certain state securities laws and regulations. Non-compliance with the Advisers Act, the Investment Company Act or other federal and state securities laws and regulations could result in investigations, sanctions, disgorgement, fines and reputational damage.

BlackRock’s trading and investment activities for client accounts are regulated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), as well as the rules of various U.S. and non-U.S. securities exchanges and self-regulatory organizations, including laws governing trading on inside information, market manipulation and a broad number of technical requirements (e.g., short sale limits, volume limitations, reporting obligations) and market regulation policies in the United States and globally. Depending on the scope of the rules to be adopted by the SEC, provisions added to the Exchange Act by the DFA may require certain BlackRock subsidiaries to register as municipal advisors in relation to their services for state and local governments, pension plans and other investment programs, such as college savings plans. In addition, BlackRock manages a variety of investment funds listed on U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges, which are subject to the rules of such exchanges. Violation of these laws and regulations could result in restrictions on the Company’s activities and damage its reputation.

BlackRock manages a variety of private pools of capital, including hedge funds, funds of hedge funds, private equity funds, CDOs, real estate funds, collective investment trusts, managed futures funds and hybrid funds. Congress, regulators, tax authorities and others continue to explore, on their own and in response to demands from the investment community and the public, increased regulation related to private pools of capital, including changes with respect to investor eligibility, certain limitations on trading activities, record-keeping and reporting, the scope of anti-fraud protections, safekeeping of client assets and a variety of other matters. BlackRock may be materially and adversely affected by new legislation, rule-making or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing rules and regulations imposed by various regulators.

Certain BlackRock subsidiaries are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), and to regulations promulgated thereunder by the DOL, insofar as they act as a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to benefit plan clients. ERISA and applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code impose certain duties on persons who are

 

 

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fiduciaries under ERISA, prohibit certain transactions involving ERISA plan clients and impose excise taxes for violations of these prohibitions, mandate certain required periodic reporting and disclosures and require BlackRock to carry bonds ensuring against losses caused by fraud or dishonesty. ERISA also imposes additional compliance, reporting and operational requirements on BlackRock that otherwise are not applicable to non-benefit plan clients.

BlackRock has seven subsidiaries that are registered as commodity pool operators (“CPOs”) and/or commodity trading advisors with the CFTC and are members of the NFA. Additional BlackRock entities may need to register as a CPO or commodity trading advisor as a result of recently enacted regulatory changes by the CFTC. The CFTC and NFA each administer a comparable regulatory system covering futures contracts and various other financial instruments, including swaps as a result of the DFA, in which certain BlackRock clients may invest. Two of BlackRock’s other subsidiaries, BlackRock Investments, LLC (“BRIL”) and BlackRock Execution Services, are registered with the SEC as broker-dealers and are member-firms of FINRA. Each broker-dealer has a membership agreement with FINRA that limits the scope of such broker-dealer’s permitted activities. BRIL is also an approved person with the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and a member of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) subject to MSRB rules.

U.S. BANKING REGULATION

PNC is a bank holding company and regulated as a “financial holding company” by the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the “BHC Act”). As described in “Item 1-Business”, PNC owns approximately 22% of BlackRock’s capital stock. Based on the Federal Reserve’s current interpretation of the BHC Act, this ownership interest causes BlackRock to be treated as a non-bank subsidiary of PNC for purposes of the BHC Act and therefore subject to the supervision and regulation of the Federal Reserve and to most banking laws, regulations and orders that apply to PNC, including the Volcker Rule. The supervision and regulation of PNC and its subsidiaries under applicable banking laws is intended primarily for the protection of its banking subsidiaries, its depositors, the Deposit Insurance Fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and the financial system as a whole, rather than for the protection of stockholders, creditors or clients of PNC or BlackRock. PNC’s relationships and good standing with its regulators are important to the conduct of BlackRock’s business. BlackRock may also be subject to foreign banking laws and supervision that could affect its business.

BTC is a limited purpose national trust company that does not accept deposits or make commercial loans and is a member of the Federal Reserve System. Accordingly, BTC is examined and supervised by the OCC and is subject to various banking laws and regulations enforced by the OCC, such as capital adequacy, regulations governing fiduciaries, conflicts of interest, self-dealing, and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. BTC is also subject to various Federal Reserve regulations applicable to member institutions, such as regulations restricting transactions with affiliates. Many of these laws and regulations are meant for the protection of BTC’s customers and not BTC, BlackRock and its affiliates, or BlackRock’s stockholders.

BlackRock generally may conduct only activities that are authorized for a financial holding company under the BHC Act. Investment management is an authorized activity, but must be conducted within applicable regulatory requirements, which in some cases are more restrictive than those BlackRock faces under applicable securities laws. BlackRock may also invest in investment companies and private investment funds to which it provides advisory, administrative or other services, only to the extent consistent with applicable law and regulatory interpretations. The Federal Reserve has broad powers to approve, deny or refuse to act upon applications or notices for BlackRock to conduct new activities, acquire or divest businesses or assets, or reconfigure existing operations. There are limits on the ability of bank subsidiaries of PNC to extend credit to or conduct other transactions with BlackRock or its funds. PNC and its subsidiaries are also subject to examination by various banking regulators, which results in examination reports and ratings that may adversely impact the conduct and growth of BlackRock’s businesses.

The Federal Reserve has broad enforcement authority over BlackRock, including the power to prohibit BlackRock from conducting any activity that, in the Federal Reserve’s opinion, is unauthorized or constitutes an unsafe or unsound practice in conducting BlackRock’s business. The Federal Reserve may also impose substantial fines and other penalties for violations of applicable banking laws, regulations and orders. The DFA strengthened the Federal Reserve’s supervisory and enforcement authority over a bank holding company’s non-bank affiliates, such as BlackRock.

Any failure of PNC to maintain its status as a financial holding company could result in substantial limitations on certain BlackRock activities and its growth. Such a change of status could be caused by any failure of PNC or one of PNC’s bank subsidiaries to remain “well capitalized” and “well managed,” by any examination downgrade of one of PNC’s bank subsidiaries, or by any failure of one of PNC’s bank subsidiaries to maintain a satisfactory rating under the Community Reinvestment Act.

NON-U.S. REGULATION

BlackRock’s international operations are subject to the laws and regulations of non-U.S. jurisdictions and non-U.S. regulatory agencies and bodies and, in certain cases, are affected by U.S. laws and regulations that have extra-territorial application. As BlackRock continues to expand its international presence, a number of its subsidiaries and international operations have become subject to regulatory frameworks comparable to those affecting its operations in the United States.

The Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”) currently regulates certain BlackRock subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, and branches of its U.K. regulated entities in the EU, and the Prudential Regulation Authority (the “PRA”) also regulates one BlackRock subsidiary in the United Kingdom. Authorization by the FCA and/or the PRA is required to conduct any financial services related business in the United Kingdom under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. The FCA’s rules made under that Act govern a firm’s capital resources requirements, senior management arrangements,

 

 

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conduct of business, interaction with clients, and systems and controls, whereas the rules of the PRA focus solely on the prudential requirements imposed on firms. The FCA supervises the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries through a combination of proactive engagement, event-driven and reactive supervision and thematic based reviews — in order to monitor the Company’s compliance with regulatory requirements. Breaches of the FCA’s rules may result in a wide range of disciplinary actions against the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries and/or its employees.

In addition to the above, the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries and other European subsidiaries and branches, must comply with the pan-European regulatory regime established by the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (“MiFID”), which became effective on November 1, 2007 and regulates the provision of investment services and activities throughout the EEA, as well as the Capital Requirements Directive, which delineates regulatory capital requirements. Revised obligations on capital resources for banks and certain investment firms apply as of January 1, 2014. These include requirements not only on capital, but address matters of governance and remuneration as well. These will have a direct effect on some of BlackRock’s European operations. MiFID sets out detailed requirements governing the organization and conduct of business of investment firms and regulated markets. It also includes pre- and post-trade transparency requirements for equity markets and extensive transaction reporting requirements.

The United Kingdom has adopted the MiFID rules into national legislation and FCA regulations, as have those other European jurisdictions in which BlackRock has a presence (excluding Switzerland which is not part of the EU or EEA). A review of MiFID by the European Commission has led to the publication of a draft amended Directive and a draft new Markets in Financial Instruments Regulation. The proposals, which are currently being finalized, are likely to result in changes to pre- and post-trade reporting obligations and an expansion of the types of instruments subject to these requirements. They may affect the buying and selling of derivatives by moving most derivative trading onto regulated trading venues and may control the activities of algorithmic trading. The proposals may also result in changes to conduct of business requirements including selling practices, intermediary inducements and client categorization. The proposals also envisage giving the European Commission power to ban certain products and services. A further EU regulation, Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of July 4, 2012 on OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories, was adopted in August 2012, and requires (i) the central clearing of standardized OTC derivatives, (ii) the application of risk-mitigation techniques to non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives and (iii) the reporting of all derivative contracts from February 2014.

In addition, the FCA will introduce rules in April 2014 that ban payments by product providers to distribution platforms for both advised and non-advised business. These rules follow on from the retail distribution review that came into effect in December 2012 and changed how retail clients pay for investment advice. The FCA also has proposed a prohibition on the use of dealing commissions to pay for corporate access. Final rules are expected to be issued in mid-2014 along with a discussion paper on the broader use of dealing commissions.

In the aftermath of the financial crisis, the European Commission set out a detailed plan for EU financial reform, outlining a number of initiatives to be reflected in new or updated directives, regulations and recommendations of which the MiFID review (mentioned above) was a part. These, together with the changes contemplated by the AIFMD (mentioned above), will have direct and indirect effects on BlackRock’s operations in the EEA.

The European Commission has also published proposals to replace the Market Abuse Directive with a regulation on insider dealing and market manipulation and with an accompanying directive on criminal sanctions. The Regulation has now been largely agreed, but an implementation date remains outstanding as it will be linked to the commencement of the revised MiFID rules.

The next iteration of the Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Directive (“UCITS IV”), was required to be adopted in the national law of each EU member state by July 1, 2011. The United Kingdom has adopted UCITS IV requirements into national legislation and FCA regulation. Luxembourg and Ireland have also adopted UCITS IV into their national legislation. However, several other EU member states are still in various stages of the adoption process. UCITS IV introduced new requirements including a requirement on UCITS funds to provide a key investor information document. Recent European Commission consultations have addressed retail investor protection issues, including UCITS V, which considers, among other items, custodial liability, and UCITS VI, which includes proposals on depositaries and product management. A separate proposed regulation on money market funds has also been published and would, if adopted, have a significant impact on BlackRock’s European money market fund offerings.

Proposals on packaged retail investment products (“PRIPs”) are to be implemented through the strengthening of MiFID standards (for non-insurance PRIPs), revisions to the Insurance Mediation Directive’s selling standard (for all insurance-based PRIPs) and new investor disclosure requirements for all PRIPs though a separate EU legislative process.

The European Securities and Markets Authority (“ESMA”) has published guidelines on ETFs and other UCITS issues in February 2013, which introduce new collateral management requirements for UCITS concerning collateral received in the context of derivatives using Efficient Portfolio Management techniques and OTC derivative transactions. These rules will require significant changes and implementation is due by February 2014.

Certain individual EU Member States, such as France and Italy, have enacted national financial transaction taxes (“FTTs”), and a group of Member States also could adopt a FTT under an EU Enhanced Cooperation procedure that would apply in those Member States. In general, any tax on securities and derivatives transactions would likely have a negative impact on the liquidity of the securities and derivatives markets, could diminish the attractiveness of certain types of products that we manage in those countries and could cause clients to shift assets away from such products. A FTT could significantly increase the operational costs of our entering into, on behalf of our clients, securities and derivatives transactions that would be subjected to a FTT, which would adversely impact our revenues.

For the insurance sector, the Solvency II process will increase the amount of capital that insurers will have to set

 

 

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aside and will have an indirect effect on fund managers with insurance clients. The Solvency II process has been delayed from an original compliance date of January 1, 2014 but agreement has now been confirmed for implementation on January 1, 2016.

In addition to the FCA, the activities of certain BlackRock subsidiaries, branches, and representative offices are overseen by financial services regulators in Germany, The Netherlands, Ireland, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Isle of Man, Jersey, France, Belgium, Italy, Poland, South Africa, Spain and Sweden. Regulators in these jurisdictions have authority with respect to financial services including, among other things, the authority to grant or cancel required licenses or registrations. In addition, these regulators may subject certain BlackRock subsidiaries to net capital requirements. Other BlackRock subsidiaries, branches, and representative offices are regulated in Japan, Australia, China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea, India, Dubai, Cayman Islands, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Canada.

In Japan, a BlackRock subsidiary is subject to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (the “FIEL”) and the Law Concerning Investment Trusts and Investment Corporations. These laws are administered and enforced by the Japanese Financial Services Agency (the “JFSA”), which establishes standards for compliance, including capital adequacy and financial soundness requirements, customer protection requirements and conduct of business rules. The JFSA is empowered to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fine, the issuance of cease and desist orders or the suspension or revocation of registrations and licenses granted under the FIEL.

In Australia, BlackRock’s subsidiaries are subject to various Australian federal and state laws and certain subsidiaries are regulated by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”). ASIC regulates companies and financial services in Australia and is responsible for promoting investor, creditor and consumer protection. Failure to comply with applicable law and regulations could result in the cancellation, suspension or variation of the regulated subsidiaries licenses in Australia.

The activities of certain BlackRock subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to the Securities and Futures Ordinance (the “SFO”) which governs the securities and futures markets and regulates, among others, offers of investments to the public and provides for the licensing of intermediaries. The SFO is administered by the Securities and Futures Commission (the “SFC”). The SFC is also empowered under the SFO to establish standards for compliance as well as codes and guidelines. The relevant BlackRock subsidiaries and the employees conducting any of the regulated activities specified in the SFO are required to be licensed with the SFC, and are subject to the rules, codes and guidelines issued by the SFC from time to time. Failure to comply with the applicable laws, regulations, codes and guidelines issued by the SFC could result in the suspension or revocations of the licenses granted by the SFC.

There are parallel legal and regulatory arrangements in force in many other non-U.S. jurisdictions where BlackRock’s subsidiaries are authorized to conduct business. Among the various international regulations to which BlackRock is subject, are the extensive and increasingly stringent regulatory reporting requirements that necessitate the monitoring and reporting of issuer exposure levels (thresholds) across the holdings of managed funds and accounts and those of the Company.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

BlackRock files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and all amendments to these reports and other information with the SEC. BlackRock makes available free-of-charge, on or through its website at http://www.blackrock.com, the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and all amendments to those filings, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The Company also makes available on its website the charters for the Audit Committee, Management Development and Compensation Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Risk Committee of the Board of Directors, its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, its Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers and its Corporate Governance Guidelines. Further, BlackRock will provide, without charge, upon written request, a copy of the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements and all amendments to those filings as well as the committee charters, its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, its Code of Ethics for Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers and its Corporate Governance Guidelines. Requests for copies should be addressed to Investor Relations, BlackRock, Inc., 55 East 52nd Street, New York, New York 10055. Investors may read and copy any document BlackRock files at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. Reports, proxy statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including BlackRock’s filings, are also available to the public from the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

As a leading investment management firm, risk is an inherent part of BlackRock’s business. Global markets, by their nature, are prone to uncertainty and subject participants to a variety of risks. While BlackRock devotes significant resources across all of its operations to identify, measure, monitor, manage and analyze market, operating and compliance risks, BlackRock’s business, financial condition, operating results and nonoperating results could be materially adversely affected and the Company’s stock price could decline as a result of any of these risks and uncertainties, including the ones discussed below.

MARKET AND EXTERNAL RISKS

Changes in the value levels of the capital, commodities or currency markets or other asset classes could adversely impact revenues and earnings.

BlackRock’s investment management revenues are primarily comprised of fees based on a percentage of the value of assets under management (“AUM”) and, in some cases, performance fees normally expressed as a percentage of the returns in excess of a benchmark. Numerous factors, including movements in equity, debt, commodity, real estate and alternative investment asset prices, interest rates or foreign exchange rates could cause:

 

    the value of AUM to decrease;

 

    the returns realized on AUM to decrease;

 

    clients to withdraw funds in favor of products that they perceive offer greater opportunity than BlackRock’s products;
 

 

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    clients to rebalance assets away from products that BlackRock manages into products that it may not manage;

 

    clients to rebalance assets away from products that earn higher fees into products with lower fees; and

 

    an impairment to the value of intangible assets and goodwill.

The occurrence of any of these events could result in lower investment advisory, management, administration and performance fees and cause the Company’s revenues and earnings to decline.

Competitive fee pressures could reduce revenues and profit margins.

The investment management industry is highly competitive and has relatively low barriers to entry. To the extent that BlackRock is forced to compete on the basis of price, fee reductions on existing or future new business could cause revenues and profit margins to decline.

Failure of other financial institutions could adversely affect BlackRock’s earnings.

The products and accounts that BlackRock manages have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and BlackRock routinely executes transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, investment banks, clearing organizations, mutual and hedge funds, and other institutional clients. Many of these transactions expose BlackRock’s products and accounts to credit risk in the event of default of its counterparty. While BlackRock regularly assesses risks posed by these counterparties, such counterparties may be subject to sudden swings in the financial and credit markets that may impair their ability to perform. Such a failure could negatively impact the performance of BlackRock’s products and accounts, which could lead to the loss of clients and a decline in BlackRock’s revenues and earnings.

The failure or negative performance of products of other financial institutions could lead to reduced AUM in similar products of BlackRock without regard to the performance of BlackRock’s products.

The failure or negative performance of products of other financial institutions could lead to a loss of confidence in similar products of BlackRock without regard to the performance of BlackRock’s products. Such a negative perception could lead to withdrawals, redemptions and liquidity issues in such products and have a material adverse impact on the Company’s AUM, revenues and earnings.

BlackRock’s investment advisory contracts may be terminated or may not be renewed by clients and the liquidation of certain funds may be accelerated at the option of investors.

Separate account and commingled trust clients may terminate their investment management contracts with BlackRock or withdraw funds on short notice. The Company experiences routine turnover in commingled trust funds and separate accounts and could, in the future, lose significant AUM in funds and accounts due to various circumstances such as adverse market conditions, fee competition or poor performance.

Additionally, BlackRock manages its U.S. mutual funds, closed-end and exchange-traded funds under management contracts with the funds that must be renewed and approved by the funds’ boards of directors annually and may be terminated by them without cause on short notice. Certain additional services, such as securities lending, also require approval by the funds’ boards of directors annually. A majority of the directors of each such fund are independent from BlackRock. Consequently, there can be no assurance that the board of directors of each fund managed by the Company will not terminate BlackRock or will approve the fund’s management contract each year or will not condition its approval on the terms of the management contract being revised in a way that is adverse to the Company.

Further, the governing agreements of many of the Company’s private investment funds generally provide that, subject to certain conditions, investors in those funds, and in some cases independent directors of those funds, may remove BlackRock as the investment adviser, general partner or the equivalent of the fund or liquidate the fund without cause by a simple majority vote, resulting in a reduction in the management or performance fees as well as the total carried interest BlackRock could earn.

Operating in international markets increases BlackRock’s operational, regulatory and other risks.

As a result of BlackRock’s extensive international business activities, the Company faces associated operational, regulatory, reputational and foreign exchange rate risks. The failure of the Company’s systems of internal control to properly mitigate such additional risks, or of its operating infrastructure to support such international activities, could result in operational failures and regulatory fines or sanctions, which could cause the Company’s earnings to decline.

RISKS RELATED TO BLACKROCK’S BUSINESS AND INTERNAL OPERATIONS

Poor investment performance could lead to the loss of clients and a decline in revenues and earnings.

The Company’s management believes that investment performance, including the efficient delivery of beta for passively managed products, is one of the most important factors for the growth and retention of AUM. Poor investment performance relative to applicable portfolio benchmarks or to competitors could reduce revenues and cause earnings to decline as a result of:

 

    existing clients withdrawing funds in favor of better performing products, which could result in lower investment advisory and administration fees;

 

    the diminishing ability to attract funds from existing and new clients;

 

    the Company earning minimal or no performance fees; and

 

    an impairment to the value of intangible assets and goodwill.

Performance fees may increase volatility of both revenue and earnings.

A portion of BlackRock’s revenues is derived from performance fees on investment and risk management advisory assignments. Performance fees represented

 

 

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$561 million, or 6%, of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013. In most cases, performance fees are based on relative or absolute investment returns, although in some cases they are based on achieving specific service standards. Generally, the Company is entitled to performance fees only if the returns on the related portfolios exceed agreed-upon periodic or cumulative return targets. If these targets are not exceeded, performance fees for that period will not be earned and, if targets are based on cumulative returns, the Company may not earn performance fees in future periods.

Changes in the value of seed and co-investments that BlackRock owns could affect BlackRock’s nonoperating income or earnings and could increase the volatility of its earnings.

At December 31, 2013, BlackRock’s net economic investment exposure of approximately $1.6 billion in its investments (see “Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Investments”) primarily resulted from co-investments and seed investments in its sponsored investment funds. A decline in the prices of equity or debt securities, or the value of real estate or other alternative investments could lower the value of these investments, increase the volatility of BlackRock’s earnings and, if such prices decline or BlackRock realizes losses, could result in a decline in earnings.

Additionally, the Company may generate realized and unrealized capital losses on such seed investments and co-investments. U.S. Federal realized capital losses may be carried back three years and carried forward five years and offset against realized capital gains for federal income tax purposes. The Company has unrealized capital losses for which a deferred tax asset has been established. In the event such unrealized losses are realized, the Company may not be able to offset such losses within the carryback or carryforward period or from future realized capital gains, in which case the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The failure to utilize the deferred tax asset could materially increase BlackRock’s income tax expense.

Failure to maintain adequate infrastructure and a technological advantage could lead to a loss of clients and could impede BlackRock’s productivity and growth.

The Company’s infrastructure, including its technological capacity, data centers, and office space, is vital to the competitiveness of its business. The failure to maintain an adequate infrastructure commensurate with the size and scope of its business, including any expansion, or the outage or failure of existing infrastructure, could materially impact operations and impede the Company’s productivity and growth, which could cause the Company’s earnings to decline or could impact the Company’s ability to comply with regulatory obligations leading to regulatory fines and sanctions.

A key element to BlackRock’s continued success is the ability to maintain a technological advantage in providing the sophisticated risk analytics incorporated into BlackRock’s Aladdin technology platform that support investment advisory and BRS clients. Moreover, the Company’s technological and software advantage is dependent on a number of third parties who provide various types of data and software. The failure of these third parties to provide such data or software could result in operational difficulties

and adversely impact BlackRock’s ability to provide services to its investment advisory and BRS clients. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to maintain this technological advantage or be able to effectively protect and enforce its intellectual property rights in these systems and processes.

Failure to implement effective information and cyber security policies, procedures and capabilities could disrupt operations and cause financial losses that could result in a decrease in BlackRock’s earnings.

BlackRock is dependent on the effectiveness of its information and cyber security policies, procedures and capabilities to protect its computer and telecommunications systems and the data that reside on or are transmitted through them. An externally caused information security incident, such as a hacker attack, virus or worm, or an internally caused issue, such as failure to control access to sensitive systems, could materially interrupt business operations or cause disclosure or modification of sensitive or confidential client or competitive information and could result in material financial loss, loss of competitive position, regulatory actions, breach of client contracts, reputational harm or legal liability, which, in turn, could cause a decline in the Company’s earnings.

Failure to maintain adequate business continuity plans could have a material adverse impact on BlackRock and its products.

A significant portion of BlackRock’s critical business operations is concentrated in a few geographic areas, including San Francisco, California, New York, New York and London, England. A major earthquake, hurricane, fire, terrorist act or other catastrophic event in any of these locations could result in disruption to the business. The failure of the Company to maintain updated adequate business continuity plans, including secure backup facilities, systems and personnel could impede the Company’s ability to operate during, or could effect, a disruption, which could cause the Company’s earnings to decline.

Failure to maintain adequate liquidity for general business operations could adversely impact BlackRock’s financial condition and growth prospects.

BlackRock’s ability to meet anticipated cash needs depends upon a number of factors, including its ability to maintain and grow AUM, its creditworthiness and operating cash flows. Failure to maintain adequate liquidity could lead to unanticipated costs and force BlackRock to revise existing strategic and business initiatives. BlackRock’s access to capital markets and its ability to issue public or private debt on reasonable terms may be limited by adverse market conditions, a reduction in its long- or short-term credit ratings as well as changes in government regulations, including tax and interest rates. Failure to obtain funds and/or financing could adversely impact BlackRock’s financial condition and prospects for growth.

Failure to comply with client contractual requirements and/or guidelines could result in damage awards against BlackRock and loss of revenues due to client terminations.

When clients retain BlackRock to manage assets or provide products or services on their behalf, they typically specify guidelines or contractual requirements that the Company is required to observe in the provision of its services. A failure

 

 

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to comply with these guidelines or contractual requirements could result in damage to BlackRock’s reputation or in its clients seeking to recover losses, withdrawing their assets or terminating their contracts, any of which could cause the Company’s AUM, revenues and earnings to decline.

Failure to identify errors in the quantitative models BlackRock utilizes to manage its business could adversely impact product performance and client relationships.

BlackRock employs various quantitative models to support its investment decisions and allocations, including those related to risk assessment, portfolio management, trading and hedging activities and product valuations. Any errors in the underlying models or model assumptions could have unanticipated and adverse consequences on BlackRock’s business and reputation.

The determination to provide support to particular products from time to time may reduce earnings or other investments in the business.

BlackRock may, at its option, from time to time support investment products through capital or credit support or indemnifications. Such support and indemnifications utilize capital that would otherwise be available for other corporate purposes. Losses or prohibitions on such support and indemnifications, or failure to have or devote sufficient capital to support products, could have an adverse impact on revenues and earnings.

Failure to manage risks in operating BlackRock’s securities lending program for clients could lead to a loss of clients and a decline in revenues and liquidity.

On behalf of certain clients, BlackRock lends securities to banks and broker-dealers. In these securities lending transactions, the borrower is required to provide and maintain collateral at or above regulatory minimums. Securities on loan are marked to market daily to determine if the borrower is required to pledge additional collateral. BlackRock must manage risks associated with (i) ensuring that the value of the collateral held against the securities on loan does not decline in value or become illiquid and that its nature and value complies with regulatory requirements and investment requirements; (ii) the potential that a borrower defaults or does not return a loaned security on a timely basis; and (iii) errors in the settlement of securities, daily mark-to-market valuations and collateral collection. The failure of the Company’s controls to mitigate these risks could result in financial losses for the Company’s clients that participate in its securities lending programs as well as for the Company.

The determination to provide securities lending indemnifications may reduce earnings or other investments in the business.

BlackRock has issued certain indemnifications to certain securities lending clients against potential loss resulting from a borrower’s failure to fulfill its obligations should the value of the collateral pledged by the borrower at the time of a potential default be insufficient to cover the borrower’s obligations under the securities lending agreement. These indemnifications cover only the collateral shortfall, and do not guarantee, assume or otherwise insure the investment performance or return of any cash collateral vehicle into which securities lending cash collateral is invested. The amount of securities on loan as of December 31, 2013 and subject to

indemnification was $118.3 billion. BlackRock held, as agent, cash and securities totaling $124.6 billion as collateral for indemnified securities on loan at December 31, 2013. BlackRock expects indemnified balances to continue to increase over time. The failure of the Company to mitigate these risks could result in financial losses for the Company’s clients that participate in its securities lending programs as well as for the Company.

Failure to establish adequate controls and risk management policies, or fraud, or the circumvention of controls and policies, could have an adverse effect on BlackRock’s reputation and financial position.

Although BlackRock has adopted a comprehensive risk management process and continues to enhance various controls, procedures, policies and systems to monitor and manage risks, it cannot assure that such controls, procedures, policies and systems will successfully identify and manage internal and external risks to its businesses. BlackRock is subject to the risk that its employees, contractors or other third parties may deliberately seek to circumvent established controls to commit fraud or act in ways that are inconsistent with the Company’s controls, policies and procedures. Persistent or repeated attempts involving fraud, conflicts of interests or circumvention of policies and controls could have a materially adverse impact on BlackRock’s reputation and could lead to costly regulatory inquiries.

Additional acquisitions may decrease earnings and harm the Company’s competitive position if not successful.

BlackRock employs a variety of strategies intended to enhance earnings and expand product offerings in order to improve profit margins. These strategies have included hiring smaller-sized investment teams, acquisitions of investment management businesses, such as MGPA and Credit Suisse’s ETF franchise, and other small and medium-sized strategic acquisitions to expand geographical reach, access new clients or pursue other business and financial opportunities. These strategies may not be effective, and failure to successfully develop and implement these strategies may decrease earnings and harm certain aspects of the Company’s competitive position in the investment management industry. These strategic transactions also involve a number of financial accounting, tax, regulatory and operational challenges and uncertainties, including the assumption of pre-existing liabilities, and failure to identify and mitigate associated risks through due diligence and indemnification provisions could adversely impact BlackRock’s earnings and reputation. In the event BlackRock pursues additional acquisitions, it may not be able to find suitable businesses to acquire at acceptable prices, and it may not be able to successfully integrate or realize the intended benefits from such acquisitions.

The development of new products and services may expose BlackRock to additional costs or operational risk.

BlackRock’s financial performance depends, in part, on its ability to develop, market and manage new investment products and services. The development and introduction of new products and services may require significant time and resources as well as ongoing support and investment. Substantial risk and uncertainties are associated with the introduction of new products and services, including the implementation of new and appropriate operational controls and procedures, shifting client and market preferences, the

 

 

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introduction of competing products or services and compliance with regulatory requirements. Failure to successfully manage these risks may cause BlackRock’s revenues and costs to fluctuate and could have an adverse impact on its business and reputation.

Loss of employees could lead to the loss of clients and a decline in revenues.

The ability to attract and retain quality personnel has contributed significantly to BlackRock’s growth and success and is important to attracting and retaining clients. The market for qualified fund managers, investment analysts, financial advisers and other professionals is competitive. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in its efforts to recruit and retain required personnel. Loss of personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

RISKS RELATED TO KEY RELATIONSHIPS

The failure of a key vendor to BlackRock to fulfill its obligations could have a material adverse effect on BlackRock and its products.

BlackRock depends on a number of key vendors for various fund administration, accounting, custody, risk analytics, market data, market indices and transfer agent roles and other operational needs. The failure or inability of BlackRock to diversify its sources for key services or the failure of any key vendors to fulfill their obligations could lead to operational and regulatory issues for the Company and in certain of its products, which could result in reputational harm and financial losses for the Company.

Bank of America/Merrill Lynch is an important distributor of BlackRock’s products, and the Company is, therefore, subject to risks associated with the business of Bank of America/Merrill Lynch.

Under a global distribution agreement entered into with Merrill Lynch in 2006, Merrill Lynch, which merged with Bank of America on January 1, 2009, provides distribution, portfolio administration and servicing for certain BlackRock investment management products and services through its various distribution channels. The Company may not be successful in distributing products through Merrill Lynch or in distributing its products and services through other third-party distributors. If BlackRock is unable to distribute its products and services successfully or if it experiences an increase in distribution-related costs, BlackRock’s business, results of operations or financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.

Loss of market share within Merrill Lynch’s Global Wealth & Investment Management business could harm operating results.

A significant portion of BlackRock’s revenue has historically come from AUM generated by Merrill Lynch’s Global Wealth & Investment Management (“GWIM”) business. BlackRock’s ability to maintain a strong relationship within GWIM is material to the Company’s future performance. If one of the Company’s competitors gains significant additional market share within the GWIM retail channel at the expense of BlackRock, then BlackRock’s business, results of operations or financial condition may be negatively impacted.

PNC has agreed to vote as a stockholder in accordance with the recommendation of BlackRock’s Board of Directors, and certain actions will require special board approval or the prior approval of PNC.

As discussed in our proxy statement, PNC has agreed to vote all of its voting shares in accordance with the recommendation of BlackRock’s Board of Directors in accordance with the provisions of its stockholder agreement with BlackRock. As a consequence, if the shares held by PNC constitute a substantial portion of the outstanding voting shares, matters submitted to a stockholder vote that require a majority or a plurality of votes for approval, including elections of directors, will have a substantial number of shares voted in accordance with the determination of the BlackRock Board of Directors. This arrangement has the effect of concentrating a significant block of voting control over BlackRock in its Board of Directors, whether or not stockholders agree with any particular determination of the Board. At December 31, 2013, PNC owned approximately 20.9% of BlackRock’s voting common stock.

As discussed in our proxy statement, pursuant to our stockholder agreement with PNC, the following may not be done without prior approval of all of the independent directors, or at least two-thirds of the directors, then in office:

 

    appointment of a new Chief Executive Officer of BlackRock;

 

    any merger, issuance of shares or similar transaction in which beneficial ownership of a majority of the total voting power of BlackRock capital stock would be held by persons different than those currently holding such majority of the total voting power, or any sale of all or substantially all assets of BlackRock;

 

    any acquisition of any person or business which has a consolidated net income after taxes for its preceding fiscal year that equals or exceeds 20% of BlackRock’s consolidated net income after taxes for its preceding fiscal year if such acquisition involves the current or potential issuance of BlackRock capital stock constituting more than 10% of the total voting power of BlackRock capital stock issued and outstanding immediately after completion of such acquisition;

 

    any acquisition of any person or business constituting a line of business that is materially different from the lines of business BlackRock and its controlled affiliates are engaged in at that time if such acquisition involves consideration in excess of 10% of the total assets of BlackRock on a consolidated basis;

 

    except for repurchases otherwise permitted under the stockholder agreement, any repurchase by BlackRock or any subsidiary of shares of BlackRock capital stock such that after giving effect to such repurchase BlackRock and its subsidiaries shall have repurchased more than 10% of the total voting power of BlackRock capital stock within the 12-month period ending on the date of such repurchase;

 

    any amendment to BlackRock’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws; or

 

    any matter requiring stockholder approval pursuant to the rules of the NYSE.
 

 

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Additionally, BlackRock may not enter into any of the following transactions without the prior approval of PNC:

 

    any sale of any subsidiary of BlackRock, the annualized revenues of which, together with the annualized revenues of any other subsidiaries disposed of within the same year, are more than 20% of the annualized revenues of BlackRock for the preceding fiscal year on a consolidated basis;

 

    for so long as BlackRock is a subsidiary of PNC for purposes of the BHC Act, entering into any business or activity that is prohibited for any such subsidiary under the BHC Act;

 

    any amendment of any provision of a stockholder agreement between BlackRock and any stockholder beneficially owning greater than 20% of BlackRock capital stock that would be viewed by a reasonable person as being adverse to PNC or materially more favorable to the rights of any stockholder beneficially owning greater than 20% of BlackRock capital stock than to PNC;

 

    any amendment, modification, repeal or waiver of BlackRock’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws that would be viewed by a reasonable person as being adverse to the rights of PNC or more favorable to the rights of any stockholder beneficially owning greater than 20% of BlackRock capital stock, or any settlement or consent in a regulatory enforcement matter that would be reasonably likely to cause PNC or any of its affiliates to suffer regulatory disqualification, suspension of registration or license or other material adverse regulatory consequences; or

 

    a voluntary bankruptcy or similar filing by BlackRock.

PNC owns a large portion of BlackRock’s capital stock. Future sales of our common stock in the public market by the Company or PNC could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

As of December 31, 2013, PNC owned 21.9% of the Company’s capital stock. The Company has entered into a registration rights agreement with PNC. The registration rights agreement provides PNC with the right to cause us to file one or more registration statements for the resale of its shares of capital stock and cooperate in certain underwritten offerings. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market pursuant to registration rights or otherwise, or the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

LEGAL AND REGULATORY RISKS

BlackRock is subject to extensive regulation in the United States and internationally.

BlackRock’s business is subject to extensive regulation in the United States and around the world. See the discussion under “Item 1 – Business – Regulation.” New laws or regulations, or changes in enforcement of existing laws or regulations in the United States or internationally, could adversely impact the scope or profitability of BlackRock’s business activities. Violation of applicable laws or regulations could result in fines, temporary or permanent prohibition of the engagement in certain activities, reputational harm and related client terminations,

suspensions of personnel or revocation of their licenses or bank charter, suspension or termination of investment adviser, broker-dealer or other registrations, or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on BlackRock’s reputation, business, results of operations or financial condition and cause the Company’s earnings to decline.

BlackRock may be adversely impacted by legal and regulatory changes required under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and other U.S. regulatory reform initiatives.

As previously mentioned, in July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “DFA”) was signed into law. The DFA is expansive in scope and requires the adoption of extensive regulations and numerous regulatory decisions in order to be implemented. The adoption of these regulations and decisions will in large measure determine the impact of the DFA on BlackRock. BlackRock is continuing to review what impact the legislation and related rule-making will have on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

The DFA charges the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) with establishing enhanced regulatory requirements for nonbank financial institutions designated as “systemically important” by the Financial Stability Oversight Council (“FSOC”). Should BlackRock be designated a systemically important financial institution (a “SIFI”), it could be subject to these enhanced prudential, capital, supervisory and other requirements, which, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely impact BlackRock’s business and operations.

The DFA and its regulations could adversely impact the scope or profitability of BlackRock’s business activities, could require BlackRock to change certain business practices and could expose BlackRock to additional costs (including compliance and tax costs).

Provisions of the DFA referred to as the “Volcker Rule” created a new section of the BHC Act that places limitations on the ability of banks and their subsidiaries to engage in proprietary trading and to invest in and transact with certain private investment funds, including hedge funds, private equity funds and funds of funds (collectively “covered funds”). Final regulations implementing the Volcker Rule were issued on December 10, 2013; entities subject to the Volcker Rule must conform their activities to the requirements of the final implementing regulations no later than July 21, 2015, subject to the granting of extensions that are available in limited circumstances. Because BlackRock is treated as a non-bank subsidiary of PNC under the Federal Reserve’s current interpretation of the BHC Act, BlackRock will be required to comply with the Volcker Rule. The Volcker Rule will limit BlackRock’s ability to invest in covered funds, require BlackRock to remove its name from the name of its covered funds, and limit investments in covered funds by BlackRock employees, among other restrictions. Depending on the availability of statutory extensions, BlackRock could be required to sell certain seed and co-investments that it holds, including at a discount, depending on market conditions. These limitations and restrictions could disadvantage BlackRock against competitors that are not subject to the Volcker Rule in our ability to attract clients into BlackRock covered funds and to retain employees. Finally, the restrictions on proprietary

 

 

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trading in the Volcker Rule could impact the ability of our trading counterparties to make markets and provide liquidity in certain securities, which could have a negative impact on our ability to manage funds and client accounts that transact in those securities.

Further, the full implementation of regulations under the DFA relating to regulation of swaps and derivatives could impact the manner by which BlackRock-advised funds and accounts use and trade swaps and other derivatives, and could significantly increase the costs of derivatives trading conducted by BlackRock on behalf of its clients. BlackRock will also need to build new compliance mechanisms to monitor compliance with SEC and Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) rules concerning, among other things, the registration and regulation of commodity pool operators and commodity trading advisors (and the accompanying registration and regulation of such entities by the National Futures Association), the applicability of CFTC rules and regulations to offshore funds, accounts and counterparties, and requirements to centrally clear certain swap transactions and to execute certain swap transaction only on or through CFTC-registered trading venues. BlackRock, on behalf of its clients, is also preparing for the implementation of trade reporting, documentation, and mandated central clearing of swaps requirements in the EU and other jurisdictions globally. Inconsistencies and potential contradictions in the rules adopted by various global regulators will increase the operational and legal risks associated with trading in derivatives.

In addition, BlackRock has begun reporting certain information about a number of its private funds to the SEC and certain information about a number of its commodity pools to the CFTC, pursuant to systemic risk reporting requirements adopted by both agencies, which have required, and will continue to require, investments in people and systems to assure timely and accurate reporting.

The SEC, the Internal Revenue Service and the CFTC each continue to review the use of futures and derivatives by mutual funds, which could result in regulations that further limit the use of such instruments by mutual funds. If adopted, these limitations could require BlackRock to change certain mutual fund business practices or to register additional entities with the CFTC, which could result in additional costs and/or restrictions.

The SEC has recently promulgated new rules that give effect to a section of the DFA that requires municipal advisors (as that term is defined in the statute) to register with the SEC. The new rules require entities that provide certain types of advice to, or on behalf of, or solicit municipal entities or certain other persons, to register with the SEC and the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) as municipal advisors, thereby subjecting those entities to new or additional regulation by the SEC and MSRB. BlackRock is reviewing what impact the new rules will have on its business, financial condition and results of operation.

The foregoing regulatory changes, and other reforms globally, could also lead to business disruptions, could adversely impact the value of assets in which BlackRock has invested on behalf of clients and/or via seed or co-investments, and, to the extent the regulations strictly control the activities of financial services firms, could make it more difficult for BlackRock to conduct certain business activities or distinguish itself from competitors. See “Item 1

– Business” above for additional information regarding certain laws and regulations that affect BlackRock’s business.

BlackRock may be adversely impacted by legal and regulatory changes related to money market mutual funds.

Regulatory authorities, including the SEC, the FSOC and the International Organization of Securities Commissions, continue to focus on the need for additional regulations for money market mutual funds. In June 2013, the SEC issued for public comment a proposal to reform the regulatory structure governing money market funds and address the perceived systemic risks that money market funds present. The SEC’s proposal also proposes many other changes to disclosure and portfolio construction requirements for money market funds. If adopted by the SEC, these reform proposals could significantly affect money market fund products and the entire money market fund industry. In light of the uncertainty regarding what changes may ultimately be adopted in a final SEC rule, the Company cannot predict what investor appetite will be for money market mutual fund products following the adoption of any such reforms or the impact of such reforms on BlackRock.

Failure to comply with the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”) or the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”) and related regulations could result in substantial harm to BlackRock’s reputation and results of operations.

Certain BlackRock subsidiaries are registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act and BlackRock’s U.S. mutual funds, closed-end funds and exchange-traded funds are registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act. The Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations and fiduciary duties on registered investment advisers, including record-keeping, operating and marketing requirements, disclosure obligations and prohibitions on self-dealing. The Investment Company Act imposes similar obligations, as well as additional detailed operational and compliance requirements on investment advisers to registered investment companies. The failure of any of BlackRock’s relevant subsidiaries to comply with the Advisers Act or the Investment Company Act could cause the SEC to institute proceedings and impose sanctions for violations of either of these acts, including censure, termination of an investment adviser’s registration or prohibition to serve as adviser to SEC-registered funds, and could lead to litigation by investors in those funds or harm to the Company’s reputation, any of which could cause its earnings to decline.

Failure to comply with ERISA regulations could result in penalties and cause the Company’s earnings to decline.

Certain BlackRock subsidiaries are subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and to regulations promulgated thereunder, insofar as they act as a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to benefit plan clients. ERISA and applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code impose duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA, prohibit specified transactions involving ERISA plan clients and provide monetary penalties for violations of these prohibitions. The failure of any of BlackRock’s relevant subsidiaries to comply with these requirements could result in significant penalties that could reduce the Company’s earnings to decline.

 

 

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BlackRock is subject to banking regulations that may limit its business activities.

As described in “Item 1-Business”, PNC owns approximately 22% of BlackRock’s capital stock. Based on the Federal Reserve’s current interpretation of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the “BHC Act”), this ownership interest causes BlackRock to be treated as a non-bank subsidiary of PNC for purposes of the BHC Act. As a non-bank subsidiary of PNC, BlackRock is subject to banking regulation, including the supervision and regulation of the Federal Reserve. Such banking regulation limits the activities and the types of businesses that BlackRock may conduct. The Federal Reserve has broad enforcement authority over BlackRock, including the power to prohibit BlackRock from conducting any activity that, in the Federal Reserve’s opinion, is unauthorized or constitutes an unsafe or unsound practice, and to impose substantial fines and other penalties for violations. PNC is regulated as a “financial holding company” under the BHC Act, which allows PNC and BlackRock to engage in a much broader set of activities than would otherwise be permitted under the BHC Act; any failure of PNC to maintain its status as a financial holding company could result in substantial limitations on certain BlackRock activities and its growth. Furthermore, the Volcker Rule, which is a part of the BHC Act, will affect the method by which BlackRock invests in and operates its private investment funds, including private equity funds, hedge funds and funds of funds. BlackRock’s trust bank subsidiary is also subject to regulation by the OCC, and is subject to capital requirements established by the OCC. The OCC has broad enforcement authority over BlackRock’s trust bank subsidiary. Being subject to banking regulation, including the Volcker Rule, may put BlackRock at a competitive disadvantage because most of its competitors are not subject to these limitations.

Failure to comply with laws and regulations in the European Union in which BlackRock operates could result in substantial harm to BlackRock’s reputation and results of operations.

In the aftermath of the financial crisis, the European Commission set out a detailed plan for EU financial reform, outlining a number of initiatives to be reflected in new or updated directives, regulations and recommendations of which the review of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (“MiFID”) was a part. These, together with the changes introduced by the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (“AIFMD”), will have direct and indirect effects on BlackRock’s operations in the European Economic Area, including increased compliance, disclosure and other obligations, which could adversely impact BlackRock’s ability to expand in these markets.

The Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”) regulates BlackRock’s subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and branches in the European Union and the Prudential Regulation Authority the (“PRA”) also regulates one BlackRock subsidiary in the United Kingdom. Authorization by the FCA and/or the PRA is required to conduct any financial services related business in the United Kingdom under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. BlackRock’s U.K. subsidiaries require authorization by the FCA under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 in order to conduct their financial services-related business in the United Kingdom. The FCA’s rules govern the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries’ capital resources requirements,

senior management arrangements, conduct of business, interaction with clients and systems and controls, while the rules of the PRA focus solely on the prudential requirements imposed on firms. Breaches of these rules may result in a wide range of disciplinary actions against the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries or employees.

In addition, these subsidiaries, and other European subsidiaries, branches or representative offices, must comply with the pan-European regime established by MiFID, which regulates the provision of investment services and activities throughout the EEA, as well as the Capital Requirements Directive, which delineates regulatory capital requirements. As discussed under “Item 1 - Business - Regulation,” in the aftermath of the financial crisis the European Commission adopted a detailed plan to complete the EU’s financial reform, outlining a number of initiatives to be reflected in new or updated directives, regulations and recommendations. The AIFMD has been implemented in some EU countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, but several other EU member states are still in various stages of the adoption process. Compliance with the AIFMD’s requirements is likely to restrict marketing by funds subject to the AIFMD and place additional compliance and disclosure obligations regarding remuneration, capital requirements, leverage, valuation, stakes in EU companies, depositaries, the domicile of custodians and liquidity management. In addition, UCITS IV was adopted into national law of each EU member state (except Portugal).

There are also European Commission consultations in process that are intended to improve retail investor protection including: (i) UCITS V, which addresses, among other items, custodial liability and remuneration of UCITS managers, which are intended to be consistent with the equivalent provisions of the AIFMD; (ii) UCITS VI, which will address, among other items, the eligible assets which a UCITS fund can invest in, efficient portfolio management techniques and extraordinary liquidity management tools; and (iii) Regulation on Money Market Funds (“MMFs”), which will introduce new regulatory measures that will apply to European MMFs. The European Commission’s proposals on packaged retail investment products (“PRIPs”) are to be implemented through the strengthening of MiFID standards (for non-insurance PRIPs), revisions to the Insurance Mediation Directive’s selling standard (for all insurance-based PRIPs) and new investor disclosure requirements for all PRIPs through a separate EU legislative process, which is expected to be adopted in 2014 and come into effect in 2016. In the United Kingdom, the Bribery Act 2010 came into force in July 2011 and has required the implementation of additional procedures on the Company’s U.K.-regulated subsidiaries.

In addition, rules introduced in the United Kingdom following a retail distribution review initiated by the FCA’s predecessor, the Financial Services Authority, changed how investment advice is paid for in the United Kingdom for all retail investment products. Regulation (EU) no 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of July 4, 2012 on OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories (“EMIR”), was adopted in August 2012, and requires (i) the central clearing of standardized OTC derivatives, (ii) the application of risk-mitigation techniques to non-centrally cleared OTC derivatives and (iii) the reporting of all derivative contracts from February 2014. Finally, the CRD IV package of reforms on prudential requirements for credit institutions and

 

 

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investment firms, which became effective on January 1, 2014, will have direct and indirect impacts on the Company’s EU-regulated subsidiaries.

Failure to comply with laws and regulations in the Asia-Pacific region and other non-U.S. jurisdictions in which BlackRock operates could result in substantial harm to BlackRock’s reputation and results of operations.

In Japan, a BlackRock subsidiary is subject to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (the “FIEL”) and the Law Concerning Investment Trusts and Investment Corporations. These laws are administered and enforced by the Japanese Financial Services Agency (the “JFSA”), which establishes standards for compliance, including capital adequacy and financial soundness requirements, customer protection requirements and conduct of business rules. The JFSA is empowered to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fines, the issuance of cease and desist orders or the suspension or revocation of registrations and licenses granted under the FIEL. In addition, the BlackRock subsidiary has recently obtained a license for real estate broker business from the Tokyo governor and, therefore, must comply with various regulations set forth in the Real Estate Brokerage Business Act.

In Australia, BlackRock’s subsidiaries are subject to various Australian federal and state laws and certain subsidiaries are regulated by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”). ASIC regulates companies and financial services in Australia and is responsible for promoting investor, creditor and consumer protection. Failure to comply with applicable law and regulations could result in the cancellation, suspension or variation of the relevant subsidiaries’ licenses in Australia.

The activities of certain BlackRock subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to the Securities and Futures Ordinance (the “SFO”), which governs the securities and futures markets and regulates, among others, offers of investments to the public and provides for the licensing of intermediaries. The SFO is administered by the Securities and Futures Commission (the “SFC”). The SFC is also empowered under the SFO to establish standards for compliance as well as codes and guidelines. The relevant BlackRock subsidiaries and the employees conducting any of the regulated activities specified in the SFO are required to be licensed with the SFC, and are subject to the rules, codes and guidelines issued by the SFC from time to time. Failure to comply with the SFO and other applicable laws, regulations, codes and guidelines issued by the SFC could result in penalties, sanctions and the suspension or revocations of the licenses granted by the SFC.

There are similar legal and regulatory arrangements in force in many other non-U.S. jurisdictions where BlackRock’s subsidiaries conduct business or where the funds and products it manages are organized. Failure to comply with laws and regulations in any of these jurisdictions could result in substantial harm to BlackRock’s reputation and results of operation and result in fines or sanctions for BlackRock or its employees.

Failure to comply with ownership reporting requirements could result in harm to BlackRock’s reputation and results of operations.

Of note among the various international regulations to which BlackRock is subject, are the extensive and increasingly

stringent regulatory reporting requirements that necessitate the monitoring and reporting of issuer exposure levels (thresholds) across the holdings of managed funds and accounts and those of the Company. The specific triggers and the reporting methods that these threshold filings entail vary significantly by regulator and across jurisdictions. BlackRock continues to invest in technology, training and personnel to enhance its monitoring and reporting functions and improve the timeliness and accuracy of its disclosures. Despite these investments, the complexity of the various threshold reporting requirements combined with the breadth of the assets managed by the Company and high volume of securities trading pose a risk that errors or omissions will occasionally occur, which could have an adverse effect on BlackRock’s reputation and results of operation.

Changes in U.S. and non-U.S. tax laws and regulations or challenges to BlackRock’s tax positions with respect to historical transactions may adversely affect BlackRock’s effective tax rate, business and overall financial condition.

BlackRock’s businesses may be directly or indirectly affected by new tax legislation and regulation, or the modification of existing tax laws and regulations by U.S. or non-U.S. authorities. The Company manages significant assets in products and accounts that have specific tax and after-tax related objectives, which could be adversely impacted by changes in tax policy, particularly with respect to U.S. municipal income, the U.S. individual income tax rate on qualified dividends and, globally, alternative products.

Additionally, any new legislation, modification or interpretation of tax laws could also impact BlackRock’s corporate tax position. The application of complex tax regulations involves numerous uncertainties and in the normal course of business U.S. and non-U.S. tax authorities may review and challenge tax positions adopted by BlackRock. These challenges may result in adjustments to, or impact the timing or amount of, taxable income, deductions or other tax allocations, which may adversely affect BlackRock’s effective tax rate and overall financial condition.

Legal proceedings could adversely affect operating results, financial condition and cash flows for a particular period.

Many aspects of BlackRock’s business involve substantial risks of legal liability. The Company, certain of its subsidiaries and employees have been named as defendants in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation arising in connection with BlackRock’s activities. Certain BlackRock subsidiaries are subject to periodic examination, special inquiries and potential proceedings’ by regulatory authorities, including the SEC, OCC, DOL, CFTC and FCA. These examinations, inquiries and proceedings could if compliance failures or other violations are found, cause the SEC to institute proceedings and impose sanctions for violations, including censure, termination of an investment adviser’s registration or prohibition to serve as adviser to SEC-registered funds, and could lead to litigation by investors in those funds or harm to the Company’s reputation, any of which could cause its earnings to decline. From time to time, BlackRock receives subpoenas or other requests for information from various U.S. and non-U.S. governmental and regulatory authorities in connection with certain industry-wide, company-specific or other investigations or proceedings. Additionally, certain of the

 

 

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investment funds that the Company manages are subject to lawsuits, any of which could potentially harm the investment returns of the applicable fund or result in the Company being liable to the funds for any resulting damages.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff

Comments

The Company has no unresolved comments from the SEC staff relating to BlackRock’s periodic or current reports filed with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act.

Item 2. Properties

BlackRock’s principal office, which is leased, is located at 55 East 52nd Street, New York, New York. BlackRock leases additional office space in New York City at 40 East 52nd Street and throughout the world, including Boston, Chicago, Edinburgh, Gurgaon (India), Hong Kong, London, Melbourne, Munich, Princeton (New Jersey), San Francisco, Seattle, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei and Tokyo. The Company also owns an 84,500 square foot office building in Wilmington (Delaware).

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, BlackRock receives subpoenas or other requests for information from various U.S. federal, state governmental and domestic and international regulatory authorities in connection with certain industry-wide or other investigations or proceedings. It is BlackRock’s policy to cooperate fully with such inquiries. The Company and certain of its subsidiaries have been named as defendants in various legal actions, including arbitrations and other litigation arising in connection with BlackRock’s activities. Additionally, certain BlackRock-sponsored investment funds that the Company manages are subject to lawsuits, any of which potentially could harm the investment returns of the applicable fund or result in the Company being liable to the funds for any resulting damages.

Italian Securities Regulator Proceeding

The Italian securities regulator, Commissione Nazionale per le Societa e la Borsa (“Consob”), initiated a civil proceeding on January 3, 2014 against Nigel Bolton, a portfolio manager and head of BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited’s European Equity Team (“EET”), in connection with

the sale of shares in the Italian oil and gas services company Saipem, SpA in January 2013.

Consob alleges that Mr. Bolton, on behalf of certain BlackRock clients, sold, or influenced the sale of, approximately 10.7 million shares of Saipem using material, non-public information thereby avoiding client losses of over 114.5 million. The EET’s sale of Saipem shares occurred between January 25 and January 29, 2013, and Saipem announced negative news following the market close on January 29, 2013. While BlackRock is not charged in the proceeding, it may be liable for the actions of its employee.

BlackRock conducted a thorough investigation and found no evidence to support the allegations. As a result of the investigation, BlackRock believes that the sale of Saipem shares was made as a fiduciary based on publicly available information that was widely disseminated in the marketplace, including negative publicity and a third-party analyst research report reducing earnings estimates, which was issued to the market before trading on January 25, 2013.

Consob also alleges that BlackRock declined to provide Consob with information and was an obstacle to Consob’s investigation. BlackRock believes it has fully cooperated with Consob, and it will continue to do so.

While under Italian law the potential penalty could be greater than the loss actually avoided, BlackRock believes that Mr. Bolton will not be found liable and, as a result, neither Mr. Bolton nor BlackRock will incur any penalty.

All Legal Proceedings

Management, after consultation with legal counsel, currently does not anticipate that the aggregate liability, if any, arising out of regulatory matters or lawsuits will have a material effect on BlackRock’s results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, there is no assurance as to whether any such pending or threatened matters will have a material effect on BlackRock’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows in any future reporting period. Due to uncertainties surrounding the outcome of these matters, management cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss that may arise from these matters.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

 

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s

Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

BlackRock’s common stock is listed on the NYSE and is traded under the symbol “BLK”. At the close of business on January 31, 2014, there were 320 common stockholders of record. Common stockholders include institutional or omnibus accounts that hold common stock for multiple underlying investors.

The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low reported sale prices, period-end closing prices for the common stock and dividends declared per share for the common stock as reported on the NYSE:

 

    Common Stock
Price Ranges
    Closing
Price
    Cash
Dividend
Declared
 
    High     Low      

2013

       

First Quarter

  $  258.70      $  212.77      $  256.88      $  1.68   

Second Quarter

  $ 291.69      $ 245.30      $ 256.85      $ 1.68   

Third Quarter

  $ 286.62      $ 255.26      $ 270.62      $ 1.68   

Fourth Quarter

  $ 316.47      $ 262.75      $ 316.47      $ 1.68   

2012

       

First Quarter

  $ 205.60      $ 179.13      $ 204.90      $ 1.50   

Second Quarter

  $ 206.57      $ 163.37      $ 169.82      $ 1.50   

Third Quarter

  $ 183.00      $ 164.06      $ 178.30      $ 1.50   

Fourth Quarter

  $ 209.29      $ 177.17      $ 206.71      $ 1.50   

BlackRock’s closing common stock price as of February 27, 2014 was $305.81.

DIVIDENDS

On January 15, 2014, the Board of Directors approved BlackRock’s quarterly dividend of $1.93 to be paid on March 24, 2014 to stockholders of record on March 7, 2014.

PNC and their respective affiliates that hold nonvoting participating preferred stock receive dividends on these shares, which are equivalent to the dividends received by common stockholders.

 

 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

During the three months ended December 31, 2013, the Company made the following purchases of its common stock, which is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act.

 

    Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased
    Average
Price Paid
per Share
    Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
    Maximum
Number of
Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased
Under the
Plans or
Programs(1)
 

October 1, 2013 through October 31, 2013

    277,354 (2)    $ 303.58        267,000        7,093,355   

November 1, 2013 through November 30, 2013

    514,075 (2)    $ 302.38        513,000        6,580,355   

December 1, 2013 through December 31, 2013

    65,905 (2)    $ 305.46        44,800        6,535,555   

Total

    857,334      $  303.01        824,800     

 

(1) In January 2013, the Board of Directors approved an increase in the availability under the Company’s existing share repurchase program to allow for the repurchase of up to 10.2 million shares of BlackRock common stock with no stated expiration date.

 

(2) Includes purchases made by the Company primarily to satisfy income tax withholding obligations of employees and members of the Company’s Board of Directors related to the vesting of certain restricted stock or restricted stock unit awards and purchases made by the Company as part of the publicly announced share repurchase program.

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The selected financial data presented below has been derived in part from, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements of BlackRock and Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Form 10-K.

 

    Year ended December 31,  
(in millions, except per share data)   2013     2012     2011     2010(1)     2009  

Income statement data:

         

Revenue

         

Related parties(2)

  $ 6,260      $ 5,501      $ 5,431      $ 5,025      $ 2,716   

Other third parties

    3,920        3,836        3,650        3,587        1,984   

Total revenue

    10,180        9,337        9,081        8,612        4,700   

Expenses

         

Restructuring charges

                32              22   

Other operating expenses

    6,323        5,813        5,800        5,614        3,400   

Total expenses

    6,323        5,813        5,832        5,614        3,422   

Operating income

    3,857        3,524        3,249        2,998        1,278   

Total nonoperating income (expense)

    116        (54     (114     23        (6

Income before income taxes

    3,973        3,470        3,135        3,021        1,272   

Income tax expense

    1,022        1,030        796        971        375   

Net income

    2,951        2,440        2,339        2,050        897   

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

    19        (18     2        (13     22   

Net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc.

  $ 2,932      $ 2,458      $ 2,337      $ 2,063      $ 875   

Per share data:(3)

         

Basic earnings

  $ 17.23      $ 14.03      $ 12.56      $ 10.67      $ 6.24   

Diluted earnings

  $ 16.87      $ 13.79      $ 12.37      $ 10.55      $ 6.11   

Book value(4)

  $  156.69      $  148.20      $  140.07      $  136.09      $  128.86   

Common and preferred cash dividends

  $ 6.72      $ 6.00      $ 5.50      $ 4.00      $ 3.12   

 

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    December 31,  
(in millions)   2013     2012     2011     2010     2009  

Balance sheet data:

         

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 4,390      $ 4,606      $ 3,506      $ 3,367      $ 4,708   

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

    30,481        30,312        30,148        30,317        30,346   

Total assets(5)

    219,873        200,451        179,896        178,459        178,124   

Less:

         

Separate account assets(6)

    155,113        134,768        118,871        121,137        119,629   

Collateral held under securities lending agreements(6)

    21,788        23,021        20,918        17,638        19,335   

Consolidated investment vehicles(7)

    2,714        2,813        2,006        1,610        282   

Adjusted total assets

  $ 40,258      $ 39,849      $ 38,101      $ 38,074      $ 38,878   

Short-term borrowings

  $      $ 100      $ 100      $ 100      $ 2,234   

Convertible debentures

                       67        243   

Long-term borrowings

    4,939        5,687        4,690        3,192        3,191   

Total borrowings

  $ 4,939      $ 5,787      $ 4,790      $ 3,359      $ 5,668   

Total BlackRock, Inc. stockholders’ equity

  $ 26,460      $ 25,403      $ 25,048      $ 26,094      $ 24,329   

Assets under management:

         

Equity:

         

Active

  $ 317,262      $ 287,215      $ 275,156      $ 334,532      $ 348,574   

iShares

    718,135        534,648        419,651        448,160        381,399   

Fixed income:

         

Active

    652,209        656,331        614,804        592,303        595,580   

iShares

    178,835        192,852        153,802        123,091        102,490   

Multi-asset

    341,214        267,748        225,170        185,587        142,029   

Alternatives:

         

Core

    85,026        68,367        63,647        63,603        66,058   

Currency and commodities(8)

    26,088        41,428        41,301        46,135        36,043   

Subtotal

    2,318,769        2,048,589        1,793,531        1,793,411        1,672,173   

Non-ETF Index:

         

Equity

    1,282,298        1,023,638        865,299        911,775        806,082   

Fixed income

    411,142        410,139        479,116        425,930        357,557   

Subtotal Non-ETF Index

    1,693,440        1,433,777        1,344,415        1,337,705        1,163,639   

Long-term

    4,012,209        3,482,366        3,137,946        3,131,116        2,835,812   

Cash management

    275,554        263,743        254,665        279,175        349,277   

Advisory(9)

    36,325        45,479        120,070        150,677        161,167   

Total

  $  4,324,088      $  3,791,588      $  3,512,681      $  3,560,968      $  3,346,256   

 

(1) Significant increases in 2010 (for income statement data) were primarily the result of the BGI Transaction that closed on December 1, 2009.

 

(2) BlackRock’s related party revenue includes fees for services provided to registered investment companies that it manages, which include mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, as a result of the Company’s advisory relationship. In addition, equity method investments are considered related parties due to the Company’s influence over the financial and operating policies of the investee. See Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements for more information on related parties.

 

(3) Participating preferred stock is considered to be a common stock equivalent for purposes of earnings per share calculations.

 

(4) Total BlackRock stockholders’ equity, excluding appropriated retained earnings, divided by total common and preferred shares outstanding at December 31 of the respective year-end.

 

(5) Includes separate account assets that are segregated funds held for purposes of funding individual and group pension contracts and collateral held under securities lending agreements related to these assets that have equal and offsetting amounts recorded in liabilities and ultimately do not impact BlackRock’s stockholders’ equity or cash flows.

 

(6) Equal and offsetting amounts, related to separate account assets and collateral held under securities lending agreements, are recorded in liabilities.

 

(7) Includes assets held by consolidated variable interest entities and consolidated sponsored investments funds.

 

(8) Amounts include commodity iShares.

 

(9) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments.

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion

and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report, and other statements that BlackRock may make, may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, with respect to BlackRock’s future financial or business performance, strategies or expectations. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “trend,” “potential,” “opportunity,” “pipeline,” “believe,” “comfortable,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “current,” “intention,” “estimate,” “position,” “assume,” “outlook,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “sustain,” “seek,” “achieve,” and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” and similar expressions.

BlackRock cautions that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and BlackRock assumes no duty to and does not undertake to update forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance.

In addition to risk factors previously disclosed in BlackRock’s Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports and those identified elsewhere, in this report, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance: (1) the introduction, withdrawal, success and timing of business initiatives and strategies; (2) changes and volatility in political, economic or industry conditions, the interest rate environment, foreign exchange rates or financial and capital markets, which could result in changes in demand for products or services or in the value of assets under management (“AUM”); (3) the relative and absolute investment performance of BlackRock’s investment products; (4) the impact of increased competition; (5) the impact of future acquisitions or divestitures; (6) the unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings; (7) the extent and timing of any share repurchases; (8) the impact, extent and timing of technological changes and the adequacy of intellectual property, information and cyber security protection; (9) the impact of legislative and regulatory actions and reforms, including the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions of government agencies relating to BlackRock or The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (“PNC”); (10) terrorist activities, international hostilities and natural disasters, which may adversely affect the general economy, domestic and local financial and capital markets, specific industries or BlackRock; (11) the ability to attract and retain highly talented professionals; (12) fluctuations in the carrying value of BlackRock’s economic investments; (13) the impact of changes to tax legislation, including income, payroll and transaction taxes, and taxation on products or transactions, which could affect the value proposition to clients and, generally, the tax position of the Company; (14) BlackRock’s success in maintaining the distribution of its products; (15) the impact of BlackRock electing to provide support to its products from time to time and any potential liabilities

related to securities lending or other indemnification obligations; and (16) the impact of problems at other financial institutions or the failure or negative performance of products at other financial institutions.

OVERVIEW

BlackRock, Inc. (“BlackRock” or the “Company”) is the world’s largest publicly traded investment management firm. BlackRock has portfolio managers located around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia and Germany. At December 31, 2013, the Company managed $4.324 trillion of AUM on behalf of institutional and individual investors worldwide. The Company provides a wide array of products, including passively and actively managed products in various equity, fixed income, multi-asset, alternative investment and cash management products. BlackRock offers clients diversified access to global markets through separate accounts, collective investment trusts, open-end and closed-end mutual funds, exchange-traded products, hedge funds and funds of funds. BlackRock also provides global advisory services for private investment funds and retail products. The Company’s non-U.S. investment funds are based in a number of domiciles and cover a range of asset classes, including equities, fixed income, cash management and alternatives. In addition, BlackRock Solutions® provides market risk management, financial markets advisory and enterprise investment system services to a broad base of clients. Financial markets advisory services include valuation services relating to illiquid securities, dispositions and workout assignments (including long-term portfolio liquidation assignments), risk management and strategic planning and execution.

In the United States, retail offerings include various open-end and closed-end funds, including iShares®, the global product leader in exchange-traded products for institutional, retail, including high net worth, investors. iShares global AUM totaled $914.4 billion at December 31, 2013. The BlackRock Global Funds, the Company’s primary retail fund group offered outside the United States, are authorized for distribution in 35 jurisdictions worldwide. Additional fund offerings include structured products, real estate funds, hedge funds, hedge funds of funds, private equity funds and funds of funds, and managed futures funds. These products are sold to both U.S. and non-U.S., retail and institutional investors in a wide variety of active and passive strategies covering equity, fixed income and alternative assets.

BlackRock’s client base consists of financial institutions and other corporate clients, pension plans, charities, official institutions, such as central banks, sovereign wealth funds, supranational authorities and other government entities and retail investors around the world. BlackRock maintains a significant sales and marketing presence both inside and outside the United States that is focused on establishing and maintaining retail and institutional investment management relationships by marketing its services to investors directly and through financial professionals, pension consultants and establishing third-party distribution relationships, including the distribution of BlackRock products and services through Merrill Lynch under a global distribution agreement, which was automatically renewed for a three-year extension after the initial term ending on January 1, 2014.

 

 

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At December 31, 2013, PNC held 20.9% of the Company’s voting common stock and 21.9% of the Company’s capital stock, which includes outstanding common and nonvoting preferred stock.

Summarized financial information concerning the Company’s results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013 (“2013”), December 31, 2012 (“2012”) and December 31, 2011 (“2011”) is included below.

 

 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 

(in millions, except per share data)   2013     2012     2011  

GAAP basis:

     

Total revenue

  $ 10,180      $ 9,337      $ 9,081   

Total expenses

    6,323        5,813        5,832   

Operating income

  $ 3,857      $ 3,524      $ 3,249   

Operating margin

    37.9     37.7     35.8

Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(1)

    97        (36     (116

Income tax expense

    (1,022     (1,030     (796

Net income attributable to BlackRock

  $ 2,932      $ 2,458      $ 2,337   

% attributable to common shares

    100.0     99.9     99.1

Net income attributable to common shares

  $ 2,932      $ 2,455      $ 2,315   

Diluted earnings per common share

  $ 16.87      $ 13.79      $ 12.37   

Effective tax rate

    25.8     29.5     25.4

As adjusted(2):

     

Total revenue

  $ 10,180      $ 9,337      $ 9,081   

Total expenses

    6,156        5,763        5,689   

Operating income

  $ 4,024      $ 3,574      $ 3,392   

Operating margin

    41.4     40.4     39.7

Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(1)

    7        (42     (113

Income tax expense

    (1,149     (1,094     (1,040

Net income attributable to BlackRock

  $ 2,882      $ 2,438      $ 2,239   

% attributable to common shares

    100.0     99.9     99.1

Net income attributable to common shares

  $ 2,882      $ 2,435      $ 2,218   

Diluted earnings per common share

  $ 16.58      $ 13.68      $ 11.85   

Effective tax rate

    28.5     31.0     31.7

Other:

     

Assets under management (end of period)

  $ 4,324,088      $ 3,791,588      $ 3,512,681   

Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding(3)

     173,828,902         178,017,679         187,116,410   

Shares outstanding (end of period)

    168,724,763        171,215,729        178,309,109   

Book value per share(4)

  $ 156.69      $ 148.20      $ 140.07   

Cash dividends declared and paid per share

  $ 6.72      $ 6.00      $ 5.50   

 

(1) Net of net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (“NCI”) (redeemable and nonredeemable).

 

(2) As adjusted items are described in more detail in Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

 

(3) Nonvoting participating preferred stock is considered to be a common stock equivalent for purposes of determining basic and diluted earnings per share calculations. In addition, unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends are not included for 2012 and 2011 as they were deemed to be participating securities in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Upon vesting of the participating RSUs, the shares were added to the weighted-average shares outstanding that resulted in an increase to the percentage of net income attributable to common shares. The Company’s remaining participating securities vested in January 2013.

 

(4) Total BlackRock stockholders’ equity, excluding appropriated retained earnings, divided by total common and preferred shares outstanding at December 31 of the respective year-end.

 

2013 COMPARED WITH 2012

GAAP. Operating income of $3,857 million increased $333 million from 2012. In the second quarter of 2013, as a result of an initial public offering of PennyMac Financial Services, Inc. (the “PennyMac IPO”), the Company recorded a noncash, nonoperating pre-tax gain of $39 million related to the carrying value of its equity method investment. Subsequent to the PennyMac IPO, the Company made a

charitable contribution of 6.1 million units of its equity method investment with a fair value of $124 million to a new donor advised fund (the “Charitable Contribution”). In connection with the Charitable Contribution, the Company also recorded a noncash, nonoperating pre-tax gain of $80 million related to the contributed investment. For further information, see Note 11, Other Assets, to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

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Operating income reflects growth in base fees and strong performance fees and higher BlackRock Solutions and advisory revenue, partially offset by higher expenses, primarily due to the $124 million expense related to the Charitable Contribution and higher revenue-related expenses. The results for 2013 also included $43 million of organizational alignment costs, reflecting compensation and severance costs associated with the alignment of staffing with the Company’s strategic priorities and growth opportunities. Operating income in 2012 included a $30 million charge related to a contribution to certain of the Company’s bank-managed short-term investment funds (“STIFs”). Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI increased $133 million due to the $39 million pre-tax gain related to the PennyMac IPO and the $80 million gain related to the Charitable Contribution and higher net positive marks on investments during 2013 compared with 2012. Income tax expense included a $69 million net noncash benefit for 2013 and a $30 million net noncash benefit for 2012. The net noncash benefits for both periods primarily related to the revaluation of certain deferred income tax liabilities, including the effect of legislation enacted in the United Kingdom and domestic state and local income tax changes. In addition, 2013 income tax expense included an approximately $48 million tax benefit recognized in connection with the Charitable Contribution, a tax benefit of approximately $29 million, primarily due to the realization of tax loss carryforwards and benefits from certain nonrecurring items. Earnings per diluted common share rose $3.08, or 22%, compared with 2012 due to higher net income and the benefit of share repurchases.

As Adjusted. Operating income of $4,024 million and operating margin of 41.4% increased $450 million and 100 basis points, respectively, from 2012. The current year results included the previously mentioned organizational alignment costs of $43 million and the $39 million pre-tax gain related to the PennyMac IPO. Income tax expense on an as adjusted basis included a tax benefit of approximately $29 million, primarily due to the realization of tax loss carryforwards, and benefits from certain nonrecurring items and excluded the $69 million net noncash benefit in 2013 and the $30 million net noncash benefit in 2012 described above. Earnings per diluted common share rose $2.90, or 21%, from 2012. The financial impact related to the Charitable Contribution has been excluded from as adjusted results for 2013.

2012 COMPARED WITH 2011

GAAP. Operating income of $3,524 million and operating margin of 37.7% increased $275 million and 190 basis points, respectively, from 2011 reflecting growth in base fees and higher performance fees. Operating income in 2012 included a $30 million charge related to the contribution to the Company’s STIFs. Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, increased $80 million due to higher net positive marks on investments in 2012 compared with 2011, partially offset by higher interest expense resulting from long-term debt issuances in May 2012 and May 2011. In 2012, income tax expense included a $21 million benefit related to the resolution of certain outstanding tax positions and a $50 million net noncash benefit related to the revaluation of certain deferred income tax liabilities, including the effect of tax legislation enacted in the United Kingdom and the state

and local income tax effect resulting from changes in the Company’s organizational structure. In 2011, income tax expenses included a $24 million benefit related to the resolution of certain outstanding tax positions and $198 million of net noncash tax benefits due to a state tax election and enacted U.K., Japan, U.S. state and local tax legislation. Earnings per diluted common share rose $1.42 from 2011 due to higher net income and the benefit of share repurchases. During 2012, the Company repurchased 9.1 million shares.

As Adjusted. Operating income of $3,574 million and operating margin of 40.4% increased $182 million and 70 basis points, respectively, from 2011 reflecting higher revenues. Operating income on an as adjusted basis excluded non-GAAP expense adjustments totaling $50 million in 2012 and $143 million in 2011. Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, increased $71 million. Income tax expense on an as adjusted basis excluded the $50 million and $198 million noncash benefits for 2012 and 2011, respectively, described above. Earnings per diluted common share rose $1.83 from 2011 reflecting the improvement in net income and the benefit of share repurchases.

See Non-GAAP Financial Measures for further information on as adjusted items.

For further discussion of BlackRock’s revenue, expenses, nonoperating results and income tax expense, see Discussion of Financial Results herein.

BUSINESS OUTLOOK

BlackRock’s highly diversified multi-product platform was created to meet the needs of its clients in all market environments. BlackRock is positioned to provide active and passive investment solutions across asset classes and geographies and leverage BlackRock Solutions’ world-class risk management, analytics and advisory capabilities on behalf of clients.

BlackRock’s key client themes — Income, Alternatives, Outcome Investing, Strategic Beta, Emerging Markets and Retirement Solutions — are expected to drive the Company’s organic growth across its businesses.

BlackRock’s Retail strategy is focused on an outcome-oriented approach to creating client solutions, including active, passive and alternative products, and enhanced distribution. In the United States, BlackRock is leveraging its integrated wholesaler force to further penetrate wire house distribution platforms and gain share amongst Registered Investment Advisors. Internationally, BlackRock continues to diversify the range of investment solutions available to clients, penetrate new distribution segments and capitalize on regulatory change impacting retrocession arrangements.

iShares will be driven by the continued shift from active to passive investment strategies and adoption of ETFs. iShares is positioned to benefit from global market expansion, growth in fixed income ETFs and continued product innovation, while focusing on increasing U.S. market share, especially in the “buy-and-hold” segment.

BlackRock believes Institutional results will be driven by strength in specialty areas, including Defined Contribution, Financial Institutions and Official Institutions, more effective cross-selling efforts and leveraging BlackRock Solutions’ analytical and risk management expertise.

 

 

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Assuming a stable market environment, BlackRock anticipates that organic growth, coupled with the benefits of scale, should result in increasing operating margins over time.

BlackRock believes that earnings growth and shareholder returns should also be positively impacted by the Company’s commitment to a consistent and predictable capital management strategy.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

BlackRock reports its financial results in accordance with GAAP; however, management believes evaluating the Company’s ongoing operating results may be enhanced if investors have additional non-GAAP basis financial measures. Management reviews non-GAAP financial measures to assess ongoing operations and, for the reasons described below, considers them to be effective indicators,

for both management and investors, of BlackRock’s financial performance over time. BlackRock’s management does not advocate that investors consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Computations for all periods are derived from the consolidated statements of income as follows:

(a) Operating income, as adjusted, and operating margin, as adjusted:

Operating income, as adjusted, equals operating income, GAAP basis, excluding certain items management deems nonrecurring, recurring infrequently or transactions that ultimately will not impact BlackRock’s book value, as indicated in the table below. Management believes operating income, as adjusted, and operating margin, as adjusted, are effective indicators of BlackRock’s financial performance over time and, therefore, provide useful disclosure to investors.

 

 

(in millions)   2013     2012     2011  

Operating income, GAAP basis

  $ 3,857      $ 3,524      $ 3,249   

Non-GAAP expense adjustments:

     

PNC LTIP funding obligation

    33        22        44   

Charitable Contribution

    124                

U.K. lease exit costs

           (8     63   

Contribution to STIFs

           30          

Merrill Lynch compensation contribution

                  7   

Restructuring charges

                  32   

Compensation expense related to appreciation (depreciation) on deferred compensation plans

    10        6        (3

Operating income, as adjusted

    4,024        3,574        3,392   

Closed-end fund launch costs

    16        22        26   

Closed-end fund launch commissions

    2        3        3   

Operating income used for operating margin measurement

  $ 4,042      $ 3,599      $ 3,421   

Revenue, GAAP basis

  $  10,180      $  9,337      $  9,081   

Non-GAAP adjustments:

     

Distribution and servicing costs

    (353     (364     (386

Amortization of deferred sales commissions

    (52     (55     (81

Revenue used for operating margin measurement

  $ 9,775      $ 8,918      $ 8,614   

Operating margin, GAAP basis

    37.9     37.7     35.8

Operating margin, as adjusted

    41.4     40.4     39.7

 

    Operating income, as adjusted, includes non-GAAP expense adjustments. The portion of compensation expense associated with certain long-term incentive plans (“LTIP”) funded or to be funded through share distributions to participants of BlackRock stock held by PNC and a Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (“Merrill Lynch”) cash compensation contribution has been excluded because it ultimately does not impact BlackRock’s book value. The expense related to the Merrill Lynch cash compensation contribution ceased at the end of third quarter 2011. In 2013, the $124 million expense related to the Charitable Contribution has been excluded from operating income, as adjusted, due to its nonrecurring nature and because the noncash, nonoperating pre-tax gain of $80 million directly related to the contributed PennyMac investment is reported in nonoperating income (expense). The U.K. lease exit costs represent costs to exit two locations in London in 2011. The amount in 2012 represents an adjustment related to the estimated lease exit costs initially recorded in 2011.
   

The contribution to STIFs represents a contribution to certain of the Company’s bank-managed STIFs. Restructuring charges consist of compensation costs and professional fees. Compensation expense associated with appreciation (depreciation) on investments related to certain BlackRock deferred compensation plans has been excluded as returns on investments set aside for these plans, which substantially offset this expense, are reported in nonoperating income (expense).

Management believes operating income exclusive of these items is a useful measure in evaluating BlackRock’s operating performance and helps enhance the comparability of this information for the reporting periods presented.

 

   

Operating margin, as adjusted, allows BlackRock to compare performance from period to period by adjusting for items that may not recur, recur infrequently or may have an economic offset in

 

 

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nonoperating income (expense). BlackRock also uses operating margin, as adjusted, to monitor corporate performance and efficiency and as a benchmark to compare its performance with other companies. Management uses both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures in evaluating BlackRock’s financial performance. The non-GAAP measure by itself may pose limitations because it does not include all of BlackRock’s revenues and expenses.

Operating income used for measuring operating margin, as adjusted, is equal to operating income, as adjusted, excluding the impact of closed-end fund launch costs and related commissions. Management believes the exclusion of such costs and related commissions is useful because these costs can fluctuate considerably and revenues associated with the expenditure of these costs will not fully impact BlackRock’s results until future periods.

Revenue used for operating margin, as adjusted, excludes distribution and servicing costs paid to related parties and other third parties. Management believes the exclusion of such costs is useful because it creates consistency in the treatment for certain contracts for similar services, which due to the terms of the contracts, are accounted for under GAAP on a net basis within investment advisory, administration fees and securities lending revenue. Amortization of deferred sales commissions is excluded from revenue used for operating margin measurement, as adjusted, because such costs, over time, substantially offset distribution fee revenue the Company earns. For each of these items, BlackRock excludes from revenue used for operating margin, as adjusted, the costs related to each of these items as a proxy for such offsetting revenues.

(b) Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, as adjusted, is presented below. The compensation expense offset is recorded in operating income. This compensation expense has been included in nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI, as adjusted, to offset returns on investments set aside for these plans, which are reported in nonoperating income (expense), GAAP basis.

Management believes nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI, as adjusted, provides comparability of information among reporting periods and is an effective measure for reviewing BlackRock’s nonoperating contribution to results. As compensation expense associated with (appreciation) depreciation on investments related to certain deferred compensation plans, which is included in operating income, substantially offsets the gain (loss) on the investments set aside for these plans, management believes nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI, as adjusted, provides a useful measure, for both management and investors, of BlackRock’s nonoperating results that impact book value. During 2013, the noncash, nonoperating pre-tax gain of $80 million related to the contributed PennyMac investment

has been excluded from nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI, as adjusted due to its nonrecurring nature and because the more than offsetting associated Charitable Contribution expense of $124 million is reported in operating income.

 

(in millions)   2013     2012     2011  

Nonoperating income (expense), GAAP basis

  $  116      $  (54   $  (114

Less: Net income (loss) attributable to NCI

    19        (18     2   

Nonoperating income (expense)

    97        (36     (116

Gain related to Charitable Contribution

    (80            

Compensation expense related to (appreciation) depreciation on deferred compensation plans

    (10     (6     3   

Nonoperating income (expense), less net income (loss) attributable to NCI, as adjusted

  $ 7      $ (42   $ (113

(c) Net income attributable to BlackRock, as adjusted: Management believes net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., as adjusted, and diluted earnings per common share, as adjusted, are useful measures of BlackRock’s profitability and financial performance. Net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., as adjusted, equals net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., GAAP basis, adjusted for significant nonrecurring items, charges that ultimately will not impact BlackRock’s book value or certain tax items that do not impact cash flow.

See note (a) Operating income, as adjusted, and operating margin, as adjusted, for information on the PNC LTIP funding obligation, Merrill Lynch compensation contribution, Charitable Contribution, U.K. lease exit costs, contribution to STIFs and restructuring charges.

The 2013 results included a tax benefit of approximately $48 million recognized in connection with the Charitable Contribution. The tax benefit has been excluded from net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., as adjusted due to the nonrecurring nature of the Charitable Contribution. During 2013, income tax changes included adjustments related to the revaluation of certain deferred income tax liabilities, including the effect of legislation enacted in the United Kingdom and domestic state and local income tax changes. During 2012, income tax changes included adjustments related to the revaluation of certain deferred income tax liabilities, including the effect of legislation enacted in the United Kingdom and the state and local income tax effect resulting from changes in the Company’s organizational structure. During 2011, income tax changes included adjustments related to the revaluation of certain deferred income tax liabilities due to a state tax election and enacted U.K., Japan, U.S. state and local tax legislation. The resulting decrease in income taxes has been excluded from net income attributable to BlackRock, Inc., as adjusted, as these items will not have a cash flow impact and to ensure comparability among periods presented.

 

 

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(in millions, except per share data)   2013     2012     2011  

Net income attributable to BlackRock, GAAP basis

  $  2,932      $  2,458      $  2,337   

Non-GAAP adjustments, net of tax:(d)

     

PNC LTIP funding obligation

    23        14        30   

Amount related to the Charitable Contribution

    (4            

U.K. lease exit costs

           (5     43   

Contribution to STIFs

           21         

Merrill Lynch compensation contribution

                 5   

Restructuring charges

                 22   

Income tax changes

    (69     (50     (198

Net income attributable to BlackRock, as adjusted

  $ 2,882      $ 2,438      $ 2,239   

Allocation of net income, as adjusted, to common shares(e)

  $ 2,882      $ 2,435      $ 2,218   

Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding(f)

    173.8        178.0        187.1   

Diluted earnings per common share, GAAP basis(f)

  $ 16.87      $ 13.79      $ 12.37   

Diluted earnings per common share, as adjusted(f)

  $ 16.58      $ 13.68      $ 11.85   

 

(d) For each period presented, the non-GAAP adjustments, including the PNC LTIP funding obligation, Merrill Lynch compensation contribution, U.K. lease exit costs, contribution to STIFs and restructuring charges were tax effected at the respective blended rates applicable to the adjustments. Amounts for 2013 also included the tax benefit of approximately $48 million related to the Charitable Contribution.

 

(e) Amounts for 2012 and 2011 exclude net income attributable to participating securities (see below).

 

(f) Nonvoting participating preferred stock is considered to be a common stock equivalent for purposes of determining basic and diluted earnings per share calculations.

 

  Prior to 2013, certain unvested restricted stock units were not included in diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding as they were deemed participating securities in accordance with required provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260-10, Earnings per Share. In 2012 and 2011, average outstanding participating securities were 0.2 million and 1.8 million, respectively. For further information, see Note 22, Earnings per Share, to the consolidated financial statements.

 

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Assets Under Management

AUM for reporting purposes generally is based upon how investment advisory and administration fees are calculated for each portfolio. Net asset values, total assets, committed assets or other measures may be used to determine portfolio AUM.

AUM and Net Subscriptions (Redemptions) by Client Type

 

    AUM     Net Subscriptions (Redemptions)  
(in millions)   2013     2012     2011     2013     2012(1)     2011(2)  

Retail

  $ 487,777      $ 403,484      $ 363,359      $ 38,804      $ 11,556      $ 13,409   

iShares

    914,372        752,706        593,356        63,971        85,167        53,000   

Institutional:

           

Active

    932,410        884,695        831,275        (928     (24,046     (16,897

Index

    1,677,650        1,441,481        1,349,956        15,266        (75,142     17,837   

Total institutional

    2,610,060        2,326,176        2,181,231        14,338        (99,188     940   

Total long-term

    4,012,209        3,482,366        3,137,946        117,113        (2,465     67,349   

Cash management

    275,554        263,743        254,665        10,056        5,048        (22,899

Advisory(3)

    36,325        45,479        120,070        (7,442      (74,540)         (29,903)   

Total

  $  4,324,088      $  3,791,588      $  3,512,681      $  119,727      $ (71,957   $ 14,547   

AUM and Net Subscriptions (Redemptions) by Product Type

 

    AUM     Net Subscriptions (Redemptions)  
(in millions)   2013     2012     2011     2013     2012(1)     2011(2)  

Equity

  $ 2,317,695      $ 1,845,501      $ 1,560,106      $ 69,257      $ 54,016      $ 24,139   

Fixed income

    1,242,186        1,259,322        1,247,722        11,508        (66,829     4,326   

Multi-asset

    341,214        267,748        225,170        42,298        15,817        42,654   

Alternatives

           

Core

    85,026        68,367        63,647        2,703        (3,922     48   

Currency and commodities(4)

    26,088        41,428        41,301        (8,653     (1,547     (3,818

Subtotal

    111,114        109,795        104,948        (5,950     (5,469     (3,770

Total long-term

    4,012,209        3,482,366        3,137,946        117,113        (2,465     67,349   

Cash management

    275,554        263,743        254,665        10,056        5,048         (22,899)   

Advisory(3)

    36,325        45,479        120,070        (7,442     (74,540     (29,903

Total

  $  4,324,088      $  3,791,588      $  3,512,681      $  119,727      $  (71,957)      $ 14,547   

 

(1) Amounts include the effect of two single client low-fee institutional index fixed income outflows of $36.0 billion and $74.2 billion.

 

(2) Amounts exclude BGI merger-related outflows due to manager concentration considerations prior to the third quarter of 2011 and outflows from scientific active equity performance prior to the second quarter of 2011 of $28.3 billion. As a result of client investment manager concentration limits and the scientific active equity performance, outflows were expected to occur for a period of time subsequent to the close of the BGI transaction.

 

(3) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

(4) Amounts include commodity iShares.

The following table presents the component changes in BlackRock’s AUM for 2013, 2012 and 2011.

 

    December 31,  
(in millions)   2013     2012     2011  

Beginning assets under management

  $ 3,791,588      $ 3,512,681      $ 3,560,968   

Net subscriptions (redemptions)

     

Long-term(1)

    117,113        (2,465     67,349   

Cash management

    10,056        5,048        (22,899

Advisory(2)

    (7,442     (74,540     (29,903

Total net subscriptions (redemptions)

    119,727        (71,957     14,547   

BGI merger-related outflows(3)

                 (28,251

Acquisitions(4)

    26,932        13,742         

Market appreciation (depreciation)

    398,707        321,377        (27,513

Foreign exchange(5)

    (12,866     15,745        (7,070

Total change

    532,500        278,907        (48,287

Ending assets under management

  $  4,324,088      $  3,791,588      $  3,512,681   

 

(1) Amounts include the effect of two single client low-fee institutional index fixed income outflows of $36.0 billion and $74.2 billion in 2012.

 

(2) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

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(3) Amounts include outflows due to manager concentration considerations prior to the third quarter of 2011 and outflows from scientific active equity performance prior to the second quarter of 2011. As a result of client investment manager concentration limits and the scientific active equity performance, outflows were expected to occur for a period of time subsequent to the close of the BGI transaction.

 

(4) Amounts include AUM acquired from the Company’s acquisition of MGPA in October 2013 of $11.0 billion, the Credit Suisse’s ETF franchise in July 2013 (the “Credit Suisse ETF Transaction”) of $16.0 billion, the Swiss Re Private Equity Partners acquisition (the “SRPEP Transaction”) in September 2012 of $6.2 billion and the Claymore Investments, Inc. acquisition (the “Claymore Transaction”) in March 2012 of $7.6 billion.

 

(5) Foreign exchange reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

BlackRock has historically grown aggregate AUM through organic growth and acquisitions. Management believes that the Company will be able to continue to grow AUM by focusing on strong investment performance, efficient delivery of beta for passive products, client service, developing new products and optimizing distribution capabilities.

Component Changes in AUM for 2013

The following table presents the component changes in AUM by client type and product for 2013.

 

(in millions)  

December 31,

2012

    Net
subscriptions
(redemptions)
    Adjustments(1)     Acquisitions(2)     Market
change
    FX
impact(3)
   

December 31,

2013

    Full Year
Average
AUM(4)
 

Retail:

               

Equity

  $ 164,748      $ 3,641      $ 13,066      $     $ 20,743      $ 837      $ 203,035      $ 173,886   

Fixed income

    138,425        14,197        3,897              (5,338     294        151,475        143,929   

Multi-asset

    90,626        14,821        2,663              9,039        (95     117,054        102,276   

Alternatives

    9,685        6,145              136        136        111        16,213        12,585   

Retail subtotal

    403,484        38,804        19,626        136        24,580        1,147        487,777        432,676   

iShares:

               

Equity

    534,648        74,119              13,021        95,335        1,012        718,135        620,113   

Fixed income

    192,852        (7,450           1,294        (8,477     616        178,835        186,264   

Multi-asset

    869        355                    96        (10     1,310        1,115   

Alternatives

    24,337        (3,053           1,645        (6,863     26        16,092        20,084   

iShares subtotal

    752,706        63,971              15,960        80,091        1,644        914,372        827,576   

Institutional:

               

Active:

               

Equity

    129,024        (16,504                 27,930        (1,724     138,726        131,254   

Fixed income

    518,102        (3,560                 (6,247     (3,186     505,109        504,769   

Multi-asset

    166,708        28,955        3,335              14,193        2,085        215,276        184,958   

Alternatives

    70,861        (9,819           10,836        2,593        (1,172     73,299        68,364   

Active subtotal

    884,695        (928     3,335        10,836        38,469        (3,997     932,410        889,345   

Index:

               

Equity

    1,017,081        8,001         (18,238           260,333        (9,378     1,257,799        1,145,499   

Fixed income

    409,943        8,321        (4,723           (4,840     (1,934     406,767        405,502   

Multi-asset

    9,545        (1,833                 476        (614     7,574        8,913   

Alternatives

    4,912        777                    (259     80        5,510        5,440   

Index subtotal

    1,441,481        15,266        (22,961           255,710        (11,846     1,677,650        1,565,354   

Institutional subtotal

    2,326,176        14,338        (19,626     10,836        294,179        (15,843     2,610,060        2,454,699   

Long-term

    3,482,366        117,113              26,932        398,850         (13,052     4,012,209      $  3,714,951   

Cash management

    263,743        10,056                    395        1,360        275,554     

Advisory(5)

    45,479        (7,442                 (538     (1,174     36,325     

Total

  $  3,791,588      $  119,727      $     $  26,932      $  398,707      $  (12,866   $  4,324,088     

 

(1) Amounts include $19.6 billion of AUM related to fund ranges reclassed from institutional to retail and $6.0 billion of AUM reclassed from non-ETF index equity and fixed income to multi-asset.

 

(2) Amounts represent $16.0 billion of AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF Transaction in July 2013 and $11.0 billion of AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

(3) Foreign exchange reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

 

(4) Average AUM is calculated as the average of the month-end spot AUM amounts for the trailing thirteen months.

 

(5) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

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The following table presents component changes in AUM by product for 2013.

 

(in millions)   December 31,
2012
    Net
subscriptions
(redemptions)
    Adjustments(1)     Acquisitions(2)     Market
change
    FX
impact(3)
    December 31,
2013
    Full Year
Average
AUM(4)
 

Equity:

               

Active

  $  287,215        $ (15,377   $  —     $  —     $  46,530      $  (1,106   $  317,262      $  295,776   

iShares

    534,648        74,119              13,021        95,335        1,012        718,135        620,113   

Fixed income:

               

Active

    656,331        10,443                    (11,584     (2,981     652,209        648,143   

iShares

    192,852        (7,450           1,294        (8,477     616        178,835        186,264   

Multi-asset

    267,748        42,298        5,998              23,804        1,366        341,214        297,262   

Alternatives:

               

Core

    68,367        2,703              10,972        3,012        (28     85,026        73,827   

Currency and commodities(6)

    41,428        (8,653           1,645        (7,405     (927     26,088        32,646   

Subtotal

    2,048,589        98,083        5,998        26,932        141,215        (2,048 )      2,318,769        2,154,031   

Non-ETF Index:

               

Equity

    1,023,638        10,515        (5,172           262,476        (9,159     1,282,298        1,154,863   

Fixed income

    410,139        8,515        (826           (4,841     (1,845     411,142        406,057   

Subtotal Non-ETF Index

    1,433,777        19,030         (5,998 )            257,635        (11,004 )      1,693,440        1,560,920   

Long-term

    3,482,366        117,113               26,932        398,850        (13,052 )      4,012,209      $  3,714,951   

Cash management

    263,743        10,056                    395        1,360        275,554     

Advisory(5)

    45,479        (7,442                 (538     (1,174     36,325     

Total

  $  3,791,588      $  119,727      $     $  26,932      $  398,707      $  (12,866)      $  4,324,088     

 

(1) Amounts include $6.0 billion of AUM reclassed from non-ETF index equity and fixed income to multi-asset.

 

(2) Amounts represent $16.0 billion of AUM acquired in the Credit Suisse ETF Transaction in July 2013 and $11.0 billion of AUM acquired in the MGPA acquisition in October 2013.

 

(3) Foreign exchange reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

 

(4) Average AUM is calculated as the average of the month-end spot AUM amounts for the trailing thirteen months.

 

(5) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

(6) Amounts include commodity iShares.

 

AUM increased $532.5 billion, or 14%, to $4.324 trillion at December 31, 2013 from $3.792 trillion at December 31, 2012. The increase in AUM was driven by net market appreciation of $398.7 billion, net inflows of $119.7 billion and acquired AUM related to the MGPA acquisition and the Credit Suisse ETF Transaction, partially offset by foreign exchange net losses.

Net market appreciation of $398.7 billion included $404.3 billion from equity products, primarily due to positive movements in U.S. and global equity markets.

The $12.9 billion decrease in AUM from foreign exchange movements was due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar, primarily against the Japanese yen and the Canadian dollar, partially offset by the weakening of the U.S. dollar against the pound sterling and the euro.

 

 

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The following table presents the component changes in AUM by client type and product for 2012.

 

(in millions)   December 31,
2011
    Net
subscriptions
(redemptions)(1)
    Acquisitions(2)     Market
change
    FX
impact(3)
    December 31,
2012
 

Retail:

           

Equity

  $ 156,412      $ (5,359   $ 68      $ 12,835      $ 792      $ 164,748   

Fixed income

    115,055        15,965               7,350        55        138,425   

Multi-asset

    82,785        630               7,146        65        90,626   

Alternatives

    9,107        320        164        16        78        9,685   

Retail subtotal

    363,359        11,556        232        27,347        990        403,484   

iShares:

           

Equity

    419,651        52,973        3,517        56,433        2,074        534,648   

Fixed income

    153,802        28,785        3,026        6,325        914        192,852   

Multi-asset

    562        178        78        50        1        869   

Alternatives

    19,341        3,231        701        1,047        17        24,337   

iShares subtotal

    593,356        85,167        7,322        63,855        3,006        752,706   

Institutional:

           

Active:

           

Equity

    125,515        (14,139            16,766        882        129,024   

Fixed income

    499,927        (15,060            33,179        56        518,102   

Multi-asset

    135,678        12,333               16,826        1,871        166,708   

Alternatives

    70,155        (7,180     6,161        2,284        (559     70,861   

Active subtotal

    831,275        (24,046     6,161        69,055        2,250        884,695   

Index:

           

Equity

    858,528        20,541        27        137,679        306        1,017,081   

Fixed income

    478,938        (96,519            20,986        6,538        409,943   

Multi-asset

    6,145        2,676               1,050        (326     9,545   

Alternatives

    6,345        (1,840            226        181        4,912   

Index subtotal

    1,349,956        (75,142     27        159,941        6,699        1,441,481   

Institutional subtotal

    2,181,231        (99,188     6,188        228,996        8,949        2,326,176   

Long-term

    3,137,946        (2,465 )      13,742        320,198        12,945        3,482,366   

Cash management

    254,665        5,048              1,983        2,047        263,743   

Advisory(4)

    120,070        (74,540           (804     753        45,479   

Total

  $  3,512,681        $ (71,957   $  13,742      $  321,377      $  15,745      $  3,791,588   

 

(1) Amount includes the effect of two single client low-fee institutional index fixed income outflows of $36.0 billion and $74.2 billion.

 

(2) Amounts represent AUM acquired in the SRPEP Transaction in September 2012 of $6.2 billion and the Claymore Transaction in March 2012 of $7.6 billion.

 

(3) Foreign exchange reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

 

(4) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

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The following table presents component changes in AUM by product for 2012.

 

(in millions)   December 31,
2011
    Net
subscriptions
(redemptions)(1)
    Acquisitions(2)     Market
change
    FX
impact(3)
    December 31,
2012
 

Equity:

           

Active

  $ 275,156      $ (18,111   $     $ 28,550      $ 1,620      $ 287,215   

iShares

    419,651        52,973        3,517        56,433        2,074        534,648   

Fixed income:

           

Active

    614,804        892              40,524        111        656,331   

iShares

    153,802        28,785        3,026        6,325        914        192,852   

Multi-asset

    225,170        15,817        78        25,072        1,611        267,748   

Alternatives:

           

Core

    63,647        (3,922     6,166        2,266        210        68,367   

Currency and commodities(4)

    41,301        (1,547     860        1,307        (493     41,428   

Subtotal

    1,793,531          74,887        13,647        160,477        6,047        2,048,589   

Non-ETF Index:

           

Equity

    865,299        19,154        95        138,730        360        1,023,638   

Fixed income

    479,116        (96,506           20,991        6,538        410,139   

Subtotal Non-ETF Index

    1,344,415        (77,352     95        159,721        6,898        1,433,777   

Long-term

    3,137,946        (2,465 )      13,742        320,198        12,945        3,482,366   

Cash management

    254,665        5,048              1,983        2,047        263,743   

Advisory(5)

    120,070        (74,540           (804     753        45,479   

Total

  $  3,512,681      $ (71,957   $  13,742      $  321,377      $  15,745      $  3,791,588   

 

(1) Amount includes the effect of two single client low-fee institutional index fixed income outflows of $36.0 billion and $74.2 billion.

 

(2) Amounts represent AUM acquired in the SRPEP Transaction in September 2012 of $6.2 billion and Claymore Transaction in March 2012 of $7.6 billion.

 

(3) Foreign exchange reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

 

(4) Amounts include commodity iShares.

 

(5) Advisory AUM represents long-term portfolio liquidation assignments. Redemptions include planned client distributions.

 

AUM increased $278.9 billion, or 8%, to $3.792 trillion at December 31, 2012 from $3.513 trillion at December 31, 2011. The increase in AUM was driven largely by market gains and positive net new business, excluding the effect of two single client low-fee, institutional index fixed income outflows of $36.0 billion and $74.2 billion in the first quarter of 2012 and the third quarter of 2012, respectively. Total flows included $74.5 billion of planned advisory distributions and acquired AUM related to the SRPEP and the Claymore Transactions of $13.7 billion.

Net market appreciation of $321.4 billion reflected growth in U.S. and global equity markets and $67.8 billion appreciation in fixed income products across the majority of strategies.

The $15.7 billion net increase in AUM from converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars was primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar against the pound sterling and the euro, partially offset by the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against the Japanese yen.

DISCUSSION OF FINANCIAL RESULTS

Introduction

BlackRock derives a substantial portion of its revenue from investment advisory and administration fees, which are recognized as the services are performed. Such fees are primarily based on predetermined percentages of the market value of AUM or percentages of committed capital during investment periods of certain alternative products and are affected by changes in AUM, including market

appreciation or depreciation, foreign exchange translation and net subscriptions or redemptions. Net subscriptions or redemptions represent the sum of new client assets, additional fundings from existing clients (including dividend reinvestment), withdrawals of assets from, and termination of, client accounts and distributions to investors representing return of capital and return on investments to investors. Market appreciation or depreciation includes current income earned on, and changes in the fair value of, securities held in client accounts. Foreign exchange translation reflects the impact of converting non-U.S. dollar denominated AUM into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes.

BlackRock also earns revenue by lending securities on behalf of clients to highly rated banks and broker-dealers. The securities loaned are secured by collateral in the form of cash or securities, with minimum collateral generally ranging from approximately 102% to 112% of the value of the loaned securities. Generally, the revenue earned is shared between BlackRock and the funds or accounts managed by the Company from which the securities are borrowed. Historically, securities lending revenue in the second quarter exceeds the other quarters during the year driven by higher seasonal demand.

Investment advisory agreements for certain separate accounts and investment funds provide for performance fees based upon relative and/or absolute investment performance, in addition to base fees based on AUM. Investment advisory performance fees generally are earned after a given period of time and when investment performance exceeds a contractual threshold. As such, the

 

 

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timing of recognition of performance fees may increase the volatility of BlackRock’s revenue and earnings. Historically, the magnitude of performance fees in the third and fourth quarters generally exceeds that of the first two calendar quarters in a year due to the greater number of products with performance measurement periods that end on either September 30 or December 31.

BlackRock provides a variety of risk management, investment analytic and investment system and advisory services to financial institutions, pension funds, asset managers, foundations, consultants, mutual fund sponsors, real estate investment trusts and government agencies. These services are provided under the brand name BlackRock Solutions and include a wide array of risk management services, valuation services related to illiquid securities, disposition and workout assignments (including long-term portfolio liquidation assignments), strategic planning and execution, and enterprise investment system outsourcing to clients. The Company’s Aladdin® operating platform serves as the investment/risk solutions system for BlackRock and other institutional investors. Fees earned for BlackRock Solutions and advisory services are determined using some, or all, of the following methods: (i) percentages of various attributes of advisory AUM or value of positions on the Aladdin platform, (ii) fixed fees and (iii) performance fees if contractual thresholds are met.

BlackRock builds upon its leadership position to meet the growing need for investment and risk management solutions. Through its scale and diversity of products, it is able to provide its clients with customized solutions including fiduciary outsourcing for liability-driven investments and overlay strategies for pension plan sponsors, balance sheet management and related services for insurance companies and target date and target return funds, as well as asset allocation portfolios, for retail investors. BlackRock is also able to service these clients via its Aladdin platform to provide risk management and other outsourcing services for institutional investors and custom and tailored solutions to address complex risk exposures.

The Company earns fees for transition management services primarily comprised of commissions from acting as a broker-dealer in connection with buying and selling securities on behalf of its customers. Commissions related to transition management services are recorded on a trade-date basis as securities transactions occur.

The Company also earns revenue related to certain strategic investments accounted for as equity method investments.

Operating expenses reflect employee compensation and benefits, distribution and servicing costs, amortization of deferred sales commissions, direct fund expenses, general and administration expenses and amortization of finite-lived intangible assets.

 

    Employee compensation and benefits expense includes salaries, commissions, temporary help, deferred and incentive compensation, employer payroll taxes, severance and related benefit costs.
    Distribution and servicing costs, which are primarily AUM driven, include payments made to Merrill Lynch-affiliated entities under a global distribution agreement, to PNC and Barclays, as well as other third parties, primarily associated with obtaining and retaining client investments in certain BlackRock products.

 

    Direct fund expenses primarily consist of third-party nonadvisory expenses incurred by BlackRock related to certain funds for the use of index trademarks, reference data for indices, custodial services, fund administration, fund accounting, transfer agent services, shareholder reporting services, legal expenses, audit and tax services as well as other fund-related expenses directly attributable to the nonadvisory operations of the fund. These expenses may vary over time with fluctuations in AUM, number of shareholder accounts, or other attributes directly related to volume of business.

 

    General and administration expenses include marketing and promotional, occupancy and office-related costs, portfolio services (including clearing expenses related to transition management services), technology, professional services, communications, closed-end fund launch costs and other general and administration expenses, including the impact of foreign currency remeasurement.

Nonoperating income (expense) includes the effect of changes in the valuations on investments (excluding available-for-sale investments) and earnings on equity method investments as well as interest and dividend income and interest expense. Other comprehensive income includes changes in valuations related to available-for-sale investments. BlackRock primarily holds seed and co-investments in sponsored investment products that invest in a variety of asset classes, including private equity, distressed credit/mortgage debt securities, hedge funds and real estate. Investments generally are made for co-investment purposes, to establish a performance track record, to hedge exposure to certain deferred compensation plans or for regulatory purposes, including Federal Reserve Bank stock. BlackRock does not engage in proprietary trading activities that could conflict with the interests of its clients.

In addition, nonoperating income (expense) includes the impact of changes in the valuations of consolidated sponsored investment funds and consolidated collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”). The portion of nonoperating income (expense) not attributable to BlackRock is allocated to NCI on the consolidated statements of income.

 

 

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Revenue

 

(in millions)   2013     2012     2011  

Investment advisory, administration fees and securities lending revenue:

     

Equity:

     

Active

  $ 1,741      $ 1,753      $ 1,967   

iShares

    2,390        1,941        1,847   

Fixed income:

     

Active

    1,269        1,182        1,104   

iShares

    464        441        317   

Multi-asset

    1,039        957        894   

Alternatives:

     

Core

    576        525        557   

Currency and commodities

    107        131        136   

Subtotal

    7,586        6,930        6,822   

Non-ETF Index:

     

Equity

    594        552        488   

Fixed income

    238        229        203   

Subtotal Non-ETF Index

    832        781        691   

Long-term

    8,418        7,711        7,513   

Cash management

    321        361        383   

Total base fees

    8,739        8,072        7,896   

Investment advisory performance fees:

     

Equity

    91        88        145   

Fixed income

    25        48        35   

Multi-asset

    24        15        20   

Alternatives

    421        312        171   

Total

    561        463        371   

BlackRock Solutions and advisory

    577        518        510   

Distribution fees

    73        71        100   

Other revenue

    230        213        204   

Total revenue

  $  10,180      $  9,337      $  9,081   

The table below lists the asset type mix of investment advisory, administration fees and securities lending revenue (collectively “base fees”) and mix of average AUM by asset class:

 

     Mix of Base Fees           Mix of Average AUM by Asset Class(1)  
     2013        2012      2011           2013     2012     2011  

Equity:

                     

Active

     20        22      25          7     8     9

iShares

     26        23      23          16     13     13

Fixed income:

                     

Active

     15        15      14          16     18     19

iShares

     5        5      4          5     5     4

Multi-asset

     12        12      11          7     7     6

Alternatives:

                     

Core

     7        7      7          2     2     2

Currency and commodities

     1        2      2          1     1     1

Subtotal

     86        86      86          54     54     54

Non-ETF Index:

                     

Equity

     7        7      6          29     26     26

Fixed income

     3        3      3          10     13     13

Subtotal Non-ETF Index:

     10        10      9          39     39     39

Long-term

     96        96 %       95 %           93     93 %      93 % 

Cash management

     4        4      5          7     7     7

Total excluding Advisory AUM

     100        100 %       100 %           100     100 %      100 %