e424b5
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-132952
$300,000,000
Ciena Corporation
0.25% Convertible
Senior Notes due 2013
The notes will bear interest at a rate of 0.25% per annum.
We will pay interest on the notes on May 1 and
November 1 of each year, beginning November 1, 2006.
The notes will mature on May 1, 2013.
Notes may be converted prior to maturity (unless earlier
repurchased or redeemed) at the option of the holder into shares
of our common stock at the initial conversion rate of
177.1009 shares of our common stock per $1,000 in principal
amount of notes, which is equal to an initial conversion price
of approximately $5.65 per share.
Shares of our common stock are traded on the Nasdaq National
Stock Market under the symbol CIEN. The closing sale
price of our common stock on April 4, 2006 was $4.91 per
share.
The notes are not redeemable prior to May 5, 2009. At any
time on or after May 5, 2009, if the closing sale price of
our common stock for at least 20 trading days in the 30
consecutive trading day period ending on the date one day prior
to the date of a notice of redemption is greater than 130% of
the applicable conversion price on the date of such notice, we
may redeem the notes in whole or in part at a cash redemption
price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be
redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date
of redemption.
You may require us to repurchase, for cash, all or a portion of
your notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as
defined in this prospectus supplement) at a purchase price equal
to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid
interest, if any, to the repurchase date or, in certain cases,
to convert your notes at an increased conversion rate based on
the price paid per share of our common stock in a transaction
constituting a fundamental change.
The notes will be our senior unsecured obligations and will rank
pari passu with all of our other senior unsecured debt and
senior to all of our future subordinated debt. The notes will be
structurally subordinated to all present and future debt and
other obligations of our subsidiaries. In addition, the notes
are effectively subordinated to all of our present and future
secured debt to the extent of the value of the collateral
securing such debt.
We do not intend to apply for a listing of the notes on any
national securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on
any automatic quotation system.
See Risk Factors beginning on
page S-5 of this
prospectus supplement to read about important factors you should
consider before buying the notes.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this
prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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Per Note | |
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Total | |
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Initial public offering price
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100.00% |
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$ |
300,000,000 |
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Underwriting discount
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2.50% |
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$ |
7,500,000 |
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Proceeds to us, before expenses
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97.50% |
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$ |
292,500,000 |
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The public offering price set forth above does not include
accrued interest, if any. Interest on the notes will accrue from
the date of original issuance, expected to be April 10,
2006.
To the extent Goldman, Sachs & Co. sells more than
$300,000,000 in principal amount of notes, Goldman,
Sachs & Co. will have the option to purchase up to an
additional $45,000,000 in principal amount of notes from us at
the offering price less the underwriting discount.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. expects to deliver the notes
through The Depository Trust Company against payment in New
York, New York on April 10, 2006.
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
Prospectus Supplement dated April 4, 2006 to Prospectus
dated April 3, 2006.
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Proposed Maximum |
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Proposed Maximum |
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Amount of |
Title of Each Class of |
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Amount to be |
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Offering |
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Aggregate |
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Registration |
Securities to be Registered |
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Registered |
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Price Per Unit |
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Offering Price |
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Fee |
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Convertible Senior
Notes due 2013
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$345,000,000(1)
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100%
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$345,000,000
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$36,915(2)
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(1) |
Includes $45,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of notes
subject to the underwriters option to purchase. |
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(2) |
Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(f)(2) under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended. A fee of $30,762.50 was previously paid on
April 3, 2006. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
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Page | |
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S-1 |
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S-5 |
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S-18 |
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S-18 |
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S-19 |
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S-20 |
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S-38 |
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S-45 |
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Prospectus
You should rely only on the information provided or incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying
prospectus and any free writing prospectus we may
authorize to be delivered to you. We have not authorized anyone
to provide you with different or additional information. We are
not making an offer to sell the notes in any jurisdiction where
the offer or sale of the notes is not permitted. You should not
assume that the information appearing in this prospectus
supplement, the accompanying prospectus or the documents
incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than
their respective dates. Our business, financial condition,
results of operations and prospects may have changed since those
dates.
When used in this prospectus supplement, except where the
context otherwise requires, the terms we,
us and our refer to Ciena Corporation.
We have a 52 or 53 week fiscal year, which ends on the
Saturday nearest to the last day of October in each year. For
purposes of financial statement presentation, each fiscal year
is described as having ended on October 31. Fiscal 2002,
fiscal 2003, fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 comprised 52 weeks
and fiscal 2001 comprised 53 weeks.
S-i
SUMMARY
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the
more detailed information included elsewhere in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Because this is a
summary, it may not contain all the information that may be
important to you. You should read the entire prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including Risk
Factors beginning on
page S-5, and the
financial statements and the notes to those statements and other
information incorporated by reference, before making a decision
whether to invest in the notes.
The Company
Ciena Corporation supplies communications networking equipment,
software and services to telecommunications service providers,
cable operators, governments and enterprises. We are a network
specialist, with expertise in optical networking, data
networking and broadband access networks. Our product and
service offerings seek to enable customers to converge,
transition and connect communications networks that deliver
voice, video and data services. In recent years, we have
expanded our product portfolio and enhanced product
functionality through internal development and acquisition. We
have sought to build upon our historical expertise in core
optical networking by adding complementary products, software
and services to support new high bandwidth applications and
network convergence. This strategy has enabled us to increase
penetration of our historical telecommunications customers with
additional products, and to broaden our addressable markets to
include participants in the cable, government and enterprise
markets.
Our principal office is located at 1201 Winterson Road,
Linthicum, Maryland 21090, and our telephone number is
(410) 865-8500.
S-1
The Offering
The following is a summary of some of the terms of the notes
offered hereby. For a more complete description of the terms of
the notes, see Description of the Notes in this
prospectus supplement.
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Issuer |
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Ciena Corporation. |
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Securities Offered |
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$300,000,000 principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Senior
Notes due 2013. |
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Over allotment Option |
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To the extent the underwriter sells more than $300,000,000 in
principal amount of notes, the underwriter will have the option
to purchase up to an additional $45,000,000 in principal amount
of notes to cover such sales. |
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Interest |
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The notes will bear interest at an annual rate of 0.25%.
Interest is payable on May 1 and November 1 of each
year, beginning on November 1, 2006. |
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Maturity Date |
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May 1, 2013, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or
converted. |
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Conversion Rate |
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The notes may be converted into our common stock, initially at a
conversion rate of 177.1009 shares of our common stock per
$1,000 principal amount of notes (which is equivalent to an
initial conversion price of approximately $5.65 per share)
prior to maturity, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. |
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Ranking |
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The notes will be our senior unsecured obligations and will rank
pari passu with all of our other senior unsecured debt and
senior to all of our future subordinated debt. The notes will be
structurally subordinated to all present and future debt and
other obligations of our subsidiaries. In addition, the notes
are effectively subordinated to all of our present and future
secured debt. |
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Optional Redemption |
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The notes are not redeemable prior to May 5, 2009. At any
time on or after May 5, 2009, if the closing sale price of
our common stock for at least 20 trading days in the
30 consecutive trading day period ending on the date one
day prior to the date of a notice of redemption is greater than
130% of the applicable conversion price on the date of such
notice, we, at our option, may redeem the notes in whole or in
part, at a redemption price in cash equal to 100% of the
principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, to the date of redemption. |
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Sinking Fund |
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None. |
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Repurchase at Option of Holder Upon a Fundamental Change |
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If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined under
Description of the Notes Repurchase at Option
of the Holder Upon a Fundamental Change), holders will,
subject to certain exceptions, have the right, at their option,
to require us to purchase for cash any or all of their notes at
a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be
repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the
repurchase date. |
S-2
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Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Fundamental Change |
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If a holder elects to convert notes in connection with a
specified fundamental change, we will in certain circumstances
increase the conversion rate by a specified number of additional
shares, depending on the price paid per share for our common
stock in such fundamental change transaction, as described under
Description of the Notes Adjustment to
Conversion Rate Upon a Fundamental Change. |
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Use of Proceeds |
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We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering, after
deducting estimated fees and expenses and underwriting discounts
and commissions, will be approximately $292,200,000
($336,075,000 if the underwriter exercises its option to
purchase additional notes in full). |
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We intend to use approximately $28,500,000 of the net proceeds
from this offering (or approximately $32,800,000 if the
underwriter exercises its option to purchase additional notes in
full) to purchase a call spread option on our common stock that
is intended to limit exposure to potential dilution from
conversion of the notes. See Use of Proceeds.
Remaining net proceeds will be added to our working capital and
will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include
repurchases of our outstanding 3.75% Convertible Notes due
February 1, 2008. |
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Listing |
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Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under
the symbol CIEN. We do not intend to list the notes
on any exchange. |
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Risk Factors |
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Investment in the notes involves risks. You should carefully
consider the information under Risk Factors and all
other information included in, or incorporated by reference
into, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus
before investing in the notes. |
S-3
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
The summary consolidated historical financial data presented
below (1) for each of the three fiscal years in the period
ended October 31, 2005 are derived from our consolidated
financial statements, which have been audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public
accounting firm, and (2) as of January 31, 2005 and
2006 and for the fiscal quarters ended January 31, 2005 and
2006, are derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated
financial statements. You should read this table along with our
annual report on
Form 10-K for our
fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 and our quarterly report
on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2006. Our unaudited
summary consolidated financial statements include all
adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of such financial
statements. Except as otherwise disclosed in our public filings,
such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. In the
opinion of management, our interim financial statements have
been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated
financial statements. Interim results are not necessarily
indicative of results of operations for the full year. Certain
prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current
year consolidated financial statement presentation.
Balance Sheet Data:
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As of October 31, | |
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As of January 31, | |
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2003 | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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2005 | |
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2006 | |
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(In thousands) | |
Cash, cash equivalents, short and
long term investments
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$ |
1,611,467 |
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$ |
1,268,823 |
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$ |
1,093,487 |
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$ |
1,212,287 |
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$ |
961,585 |
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Total assets
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2,378,165 |
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2,137,054 |
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1,675,229 |
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2,066,055 |
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1,544,891 |
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Long-term obligations, excluding
current portion
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861,149 |
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824,053 |
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761,398 |
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816,373 |
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634,013 |
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Stockholders equity
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$ |
1,330,817 |
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$ |
1,154,422 |
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$ |
735,367 |
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$ |
1,097,414 |
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$ |
736,606 |
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Statement of Operations Data:
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Quarter Ended | |
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Year Ended October 31, | |
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January 31, | |
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2003 | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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2005 | |
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2006 | |
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(In thousands, except per share data) | |
Revenue
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$ |
283,136 |
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$ |
298,707 |
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$ |
427,257 |
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$ |
94,748 |
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$ |
120,430 |
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Cost of goods sold
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210,091 |
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226,954 |
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291,067 |
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70,517 |
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69,975 |
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Gross profit
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73,045 |
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71,753 |
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136,190 |
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24,231 |
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50,455 |
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Operating expenses:
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Research and development
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212,523 |
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205,364 |
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137,245 |
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34,662 |
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29,462 |
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Selling and marketing
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105,921 |
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112,310 |
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115,022 |
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26,840 |
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26,572 |
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General and administrative
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39,703 |
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28,592 |
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33,715 |
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7,656 |
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9,896 |
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Amortization of intangible assets
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17,870 |
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30,839 |
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38,782 |
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10,411 |
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|
6,295 |
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In-process research and development
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2,800 |
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30,200 |
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Restructuring costs
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13,575 |
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57,107 |
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18,018 |
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1,125 |
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2,015 |
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Goodwill impairment
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371,712 |
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176,600 |
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Long-lived asset impairment
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47,176 |
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15,926 |
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45,862 |
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184 |
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(3 |
) |
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Recovery of sale, export, use tax
liabilities and payments
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(5,388 |
) |
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Provision for (recovery of)
doubtful accounts, net
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(2,794 |
) |
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2,602 |
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(2,604 |
) |
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Gain on lease settlement
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(6,020 |
) |
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Total operating expenses
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439,568 |
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843,868 |
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567,846 |
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80,878 |
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|
65,613 |
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Loss from operations
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|
|
(366,523 |
) |
|
|
(772,115 |
) |
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|
(431,656 |
) |
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|
(56,647 |
) |
|
|
(15,158 |
) |
Interest and other income, net
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|
42,959 |
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|
|
22,908 |
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|
|
28,311 |
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|
|
7,433 |
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|
|
9,262 |
|
Interest expense
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|
|
(36,331 |
) |
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|
(26,813 |
) |
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|
(25,430 |
) |
|
|
(7,226 |
) |
|
|
(6,053 |
) |
Loss on equity investments, net
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|
|
(4,760 |
) |
|
|
(4,107 |
) |
|
|
(9,486 |
) |
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|
22 |
|
|
|
(733 |
) |
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of
debt
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|
|
(20,606 |
) |
|
|
(8,216 |
) |
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|
3,882 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
6,690 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes
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|
|
(385,261 |
) |
|
|
(788,343 |
) |
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|
(434,379 |
) |
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|
(56,418 |
) |
|
|
(5,992 |
) |
Provision for income taxes
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|
|
1,256 |
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|
|
1,121 |
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|
|
1,320 |
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|
|
577 |
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|
|
299 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss
|
|
$ |
(386,517 |
) |
|
$ |
(789,464 |
) |
|
$ |
(435,699 |
) |
|
$ |
(56,995 |
) |
|
$ |
(6,291 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net loss per
common and dilutive potential common share
|
|
$ |
(0.87 |
) |
|
$ |
(1.51 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.76 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.10 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average basic common and
dilutive potential common shares outstanding
|
|
|
446,696 |
|
|
|
521,454 |
|
|
|
575,187 |
|
|
|
571,573 |
|
|
|
580,771 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
S-4
RISK FACTORS
Your investment in the notes involves certain risks. Before
deciding to invest, you should consider carefully, among other
matters, the following discussion of risks and the other
information contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
Risk Factors Related to Our Business
If any of these risks are realized our business, prospects,
financial condition, results of operations and our ability to
service debt could be materially adversely affected.
We face intense competition that could hurt our sales and our
ability to achieve and maintain profitability.
The markets in which we compete for sales of networking
equipment, software and services are extremely competitive,
particularly the market for sales to telecommunications service
providers. Competition in these markets is based on any one or a
combination of the following factors: price, functionality,
manufacturing capability, installation, services, existing
business and customer relationships, scalability and the ability
of products and services to meet customers immediate and
future network requirements. A small number of very large
companies have historically dominated the communications
networking equipment industry. Our industry has also
increasingly experienced competition from low-cost producers in
Asia. Many of our competitors have substantially greater
financial, technical and marketing resources, greater
manufacturing capacity and better established relationships with
incumbent carriers and other potential customers than us. As a
result of increased merger activity among communication service
providers, there has been speculation of consolidation among
networking equipment providers, which, if it occurred, could
cause some competitors to grow even larger and more powerful. On
April 2, 2006, Alcatel and Lucent, two large competitors,
announced a definitive agreement to merge, and the effect of
this merger on us, should it occur, may be adverse to our
competitive position.
We also compete with a number of smaller companies that provide
significant competition for a specific product or market. These
competitors often base their products on the latest available
technologies. Due to the narrower focus of their efforts, these
competitors may achieve commercial availability of their
products more quickly and may be more attractive to customers.
As we seek to expand our channel sales strategy, we also may
face competition from resellers and distributors of some of our
products, who may be competitors in other customer markets or
with respect to complementary technologies.
Increased competition in our markets has resulted in aggressive
business tactics, including:
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intense price competition; |
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discounting resulting from sales of used equipment or inventory
that a competitor has written down or written off; |
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early announcements of competing products and extensive
marketing efforts; |
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one-stop shopping options; |
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competitors offering to repurchase our equipment from existing
customers; |
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customer financing assistance; |
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marketing and advertising assistance; and |
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intellectual property assertions and disputes. |
The tactics described above can be particularly effective in an
increasingly concentrated base of potential customers such as
communications service providers. Our inability to compete
successfully in our markets would harm our sales and our ability
to achieve and maintain profitability.
S-5
Our revenue and operating results can fluctuate unpredictably
from quarter to quarter.
Our revenue can fluctuate unpredictably from quarter to quarter.
Fluctuations in our revenue can lead to even greater
fluctuations in our operating results. Our budgeted expense
levels depend in part on our expectations of future revenue. Any
substantial adjustment to expenses to account for lower levels
of revenue is difficult and takes time. Consequently, if our
revenue declines, our levels of inventory, operating expense and
general overhead would be high relative to revenue, resulting in
additional operating losses.
Other factors contribute to fluctuations in our revenue and
operating results, including:
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the level of demand for our products and the timing and size of
customer orders, particularly from telecommunications service
provider customers; |
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satisfaction of contractual customer acceptance criteria and
related revenue recognition requirements; |
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availability of an adequate supply of components and sufficient
manufacturing capacity; |
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changes in customers requirements, including delay,
changes or cancellations of orders from customers; |
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the introduction of new products by us or our competitors; |
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readiness of customer sites for installation; |
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any significant payment by us associated with the resolution of
pending legal proceedings; |
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changes in accounting rules; and |
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changes in general economic conditions as well as those specific
to our market segments. |
Many of these factors are beyond our control, particularly in
the case of large carrier orders and multi-vendor or
multi-technology network builds where the achievement of certain
performance thresholds for acceptance is subject to the
readiness and performance of the customer or other providers and
changes in customer requirements or installation plans. Any one
or a combination of the factors above may cause our revenue and
operating results to fluctuate from quarter to quarter. These
fluctuations may make it difficult to manage our business and
achieve or maintain profitability. As a consequence, our
revenues and operating results for a particular quarter may be
difficult to predict and our prior results are not necessarily
indicative of results likely in future periods.
Our gross margin may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and
our product gross margins may be adversely affected by a number
of factors, some of which are beyond our control.
Our gross margin fluctuates from period to period and our
product gross margin may be adversely affected by numerous
factors, including:
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increased price competition, including competition from low-cost
producers in Asia; |
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the mix in any period of higher and lower margin products and
services; |
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sales volume during the period; |
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charges for excess or obsolete inventory; |
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changes in the price or availability of components for our
products; |
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our ability to continue to reduce product manufacturing costs; |
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introduction of new products, with initial sales at relatively
small volumes with resulting higher production costs; and |
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increased warranty or repair costs. |
S-6
The factors discussed above regarding fluctuations in revenue
and operating results can also affect gross margin. We expect
product gross margin to continue to fluctuate from quarter to
quarter. Fluctuations in product gross margin may make it
difficult to manage our business and achieve or maintain
profitability. As a consequence, our gross margin for a
particular quarter may be difficult to predict and our prior
results are not necessarily indicative of results likely in
future periods.
Our business and results of operations are significantly
affected by conditions in the communications industry, including
increases in consolidation activity.
The last few years have seen substantial changes in the
communications industry. Many of our customers and potential
customers, including telecommunications service providers that
have historically provided a significant portion of our sales,
have confronted static or declining revenue for their
traditional voice services. Traditional communications service
providers are under increasing competitive pressure from
providers within their industry and other participants that
offer, or seek to offer, overlapping or similar services. These
pressures are likely to continue to cause communications service
providers to seek to minimize the costs of the equipment that
they buy and may cause static or reduced capital expenditures by
customers or potential customers. These competitive pressures
may also result in pricing becoming a more important factor in
customer purchasing decisions. Increased focus on pricing may
favor low-cost vendors in Asia and larger competitors that can
spread the effect of price discounts across a broader offering
of products and services and across a larger customer base.
Several large communications service providers have recently
completed merger transactions. These included the mergers of
Verizon and MCI, and SBC and AT&T, all of which have been
significant customers during prior periods. In addition,
AT&T has also announced its plans to acquire BellSouth,
which has also been a significant customer during prior periods.
These mergers will have a major impact on the future of the
telecommunications industry. They will further increase
concentration of purchasing power among a few large service
providers and may result in delays in, or the curtailment of,
investments in communications networks, as a result of changes
in strategy, network overlap, cost reduction efforts or other
considerations. These industry conditions may negatively affect
our business, financial condition and results of operation.
We may not be successful in selling our products into new
markets and developing and managing new sales channels.
We continue to take steps to sell our expanded product portfolio
into new markets and to a broader customer base, including
communication service providers, enterprises, cable operators,
and federal, state and local governments. To succeed in these
markets, we believe we must develop and manage new sales
channels and distribution arrangements. We expect these
relationships to be an increasing part of our business as we
seek to grow. Because we have only limited experience in
developing and managing such channels, we may not be successful
in reaching additional customer segments, expanding into new
geographic regions, or reducing the financial risks of entering
new markets and pursuing new customer segments. In addition,
sales to federal, state and local governments require compliance
with complex procurement regulations with which we have little
experience. We may be unable to increase our sales to government
contractors if we determine that we cannot comply with
applicable regulations. Our failure to comply with regulations
for existing contracts could result in civil, criminal or
administrative proceedings involving fines and suspension or
debarment from federal government contracts. Failure to manage
additional sales channels effectively would limit our ability to
succeed in these new markets and could adversely affect our
ability to grow our customer base and revenues.
S-7
Network equipment sales to large communications service
providers often involve, lengthy sales cycles and protracted
contract negotiations and may require us to assume terms or
conditions that negatively affect our pricing, payment and
timing of revenue recognition.
In recent years we have sought to add large, incumbent
communication service providers as customers for our products,
software and services. Our future success will depend on our
ability to maintain and expand our sales to these existing
communications service provider customers and add new customers.
Many of our competitors have long-standing relationships with
communications service providers, which can pose significant
obstacles to our sales efforts. Sales to large communications
service providers typically involve lengthy sales cycles,
protracted or difficult contract negotiations, and extensive
product testing and network certification. We are sometimes
required to assume terms or conditions that negatively affect
pricing, payment and the timing of revenue recognition in order
to consummate a sale. This may negatively affect the timing of
revenue recognition, which would, in turn, negatively affect our
gross margin and results of operations. Communications service
providers may ultimately insist upon terms and conditions, that
we deem too onerous or not in our best interest. As a result, we
may incur substantial expenses and devote time and resources to
potential relationships that never materialize.
Continued shortages in component supply or manufacturing
capacity could increase our costs, adversely affect our results
of operations and constrain our ability to grow our business.
As we have expanded our product portfolio, increased our use of
contract manufacturers and increased our product sales in recent
years, manufacturing capacity and supply constraints related to
components and subsystems have become increasingly significant
issues for us. We have encountered and continue to experience
component shortages that have affected our operations and
ability to deliver products timely to customers. Growth in
customer demand for the communications networking products
supplied by us, our competitors and other third parties, has
resulted in supply constraints among providers of some
components used in our products. Component shortages and
manufacturing capacity constraints may also arise, or be
exacerbated by difficulties with our suppliers or contract
manufacturers, or our failure to adequately forecast our
component or manufacturing needs. If shortages or delays persist
or worsen, the price of required components may increase, or the
components may not be available at all. If we are unable to
secure the components or subsystems that we require at
reasonable prices, or are unable to secure manufacturing
capacity adequate to meet our needs, we may not be able to
satisfy our contractual obligations to customers and our revenue
and gross margin could be materially affected. We may also be
subject to payment of liquidated damages for delays under
customer contracts, and our customer relationships and business
reputation may be harmed.
Product performance problems could damage our business
reputation and limit our sales prospects.
The development and production of new products with high
technology content is complicated and often involves problems
with software, components and manufacturing methods. Modifying
our products to enable customers to integrate them into a new
type of network architecture entails similar risks. If
significant reliability, quality, or network monitoring problems
develop as a result of our product development, manufacturing or
integration, a number of negative effects on our business could
result, including:
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increased costs associated with fixing software or hardware
defects, including service and warranty expenses; |
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payment of liquidated damages for performance failures; |
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high inventory obsolescence expense; |
S-8
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delays in collecting accounts receivable; |
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reduced orders from existing or potential customers; and |
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damage to our reputation. |
Because we outsource manufacturing and use a direct order
fulfillment model for certain of our products, we may be subject
to product performance problems resulting from the acts or
omissions of these third parties. These product performance
problems could damage our business reputation and negatively
affect our sales.
We must continue to make substantial and prudent investments
in product development in order to keep pace with technological
advances and succeed in existing and new markets for our
products.
In order to be successful, we must balance our initiatives to
reduce our operating costs against the need to keep pace with
technological advances. The market for communications networking
equipment, software and services is characterized by rapid
technological change, frequent introductions of new products,
and recurring changes in customer requirements. To succeed, we
must continue to develop new products and new features for
existing products that meet customer requirements and market
demand. In addition, we must be able to identify and gain
access, including any applicable third party licenses, to new
technologies as our market segments evolve. Because our market
segments are constantly evolving, we may allocate development
resources toward products or technologies for which market
demand is lower than anticipated. We may ultimately decide that
such lower than expected demand no longer warrants continued
investment in a product or technology. These decisions are
difficult and may be disruptive to our business and our
relationship with customers. Managing our efforts to keep pace
with new technologies and reduce operating expense is difficult
and there is no assurance that we will be successful.
We may be required to take further write-downs of goodwill
and other intangible assets.
As of January 31, 2006, we had $232.0 million of
goodwill on our balance sheet. This amount primarily represents
the remaining excess of the total purchase price of our
acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired. At
January 31, 2006, we had $113.1 million of other
intangible assets on our balance sheet. The amount primarily
reflects purchased technology from our acquisitions. At
January 31, 2006, goodwill and other intangible assets
represented approximately 22.3% of our total assets. During the
fourth quarter of 2005, we incurred a goodwill impairment charge
of approximately $176.6 million and an impairment of other
intangibles of $45.7 million. If we are required to record
additional impairment charges related to goodwill and other
intangible assets, such charges would have the effect of
decreasing our earnings or increasing our losses in such period.
If we are required to take a substantial impairment charge, our
earnings per share or net loss per share could be materially
adversely affected in such period.
We may experience unanticipated delays in the development and
enhancement of our products that may negatively affect our
competitive position and business.
Because our products are based on complex technology, we can
experience unanticipated delays in developing, improving,
manufacturing or deploying them. Each step in the development
life cycle of our products presents serious risks of failure,
rework or delay, any one of which could decrease the timing and
cost effective development of such product and could affect
customer acceptance of the product. Specialized application
specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and intensive
software testing and validation are key to the timely
introduction of enhancements to several of our products, and
schedule delays are common in the final validation phase, as
well as in the manufacture of specialized ASICs. In addition,
unexpected intellectual property disputes, failure of critical
design elements, and a host of other execution risks may delay
or even prevent the introduction of these products. If we do not
develop and successfully introduce products in a timely
S-9
manner, our competitive position may suffer and our business,
financial condition and results of operations would be harmed.
We may incur significant costs and our competitive position
may suffer as a result of our efforts to protect and enforce our
intellectual property rights or respond to claims of
infringement from others.
Despite efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized
parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our
products or technology. This is likely to become an increasingly
important issue as we expand our operations and product
development into countries that provide a lower level of
intellectual property protection. Monitoring unauthorized use of
our products is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the
steps that we are taking will prevent unauthorized use of our
technology. If competitors are able to use our technology, our
ability to compete effectively could be harmed.
In recent years, we have filed suit to enforce our intellectual
property rights and, from time to time, have been subject to
litigation and other third party intellectual property claims,
including as a result of our indemnification obligations to
customers or resellers that purchase our products. The frequency
of these assertions is increasing as patent holders, including
entities that are not in our industry and that purchase patents
as an investment or to monetize such rights by obtaining
royalties, use infringement assertions as a competitive tactic
and a source of additional revenue. Intellectual property claims
can significantly divert the time and attention of our personnel
and result in costly litigation. Our pending patent infringement
litigation with Nortel Networks, described in our
Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2006, which is
incorporated by reference into the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part, has resulted in, and is likely
to continue to result in, significant costs. If we are
unsuccessful in this litigation, we may be required to pay
significant damages, and could be enjoined from marketing or
selling certain products. Intellectual property infringement
claims can also require us to pay substantial royalties, enter
into license agreements and/or develop non-infringing
technology. Accordingly, the costs associated with third party
intellectual property claims could adversely affect our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be required to write off significant amounts of
inventory.
In recent years, we have placed the majority of our orders to
manufacture components or complete assemblies for many of our
products only when we have firm orders from our customers.
Because this practice can result in delays in the delivery of
products to customers, we are increasingly ordering equipment
and components from our suppliers based on forecasts of customer
demand across all of our products. We believe this change is
necessary in response to increased customer insistence upon
shortened delivery terms. This change in our inventory purchases
exposes us to the risk that our customers will not order those
products for which we have forecasted sales, or will purchase
fewer than the number of products we have forecasted. In such
event, we may be required to write off, or write down inventory,
potentially resulting in an accounting charge that could
materially affect our results of operations for the quarter in
which such charge occurs.
We must manage our relationships with electronic
manufacturing service (EMS) providers in order to ensure that
our product requirements are met timely and effectively.
We rely on EMS providers to perform the majority of the
manufacturing operations for our products and components, and
are increasingly utilizing overseas suppliers, particularly in
Asia. Because EMS providers are subject to many of the same
risks as equipment vendors serving the communications industry,
many EMS providers have experienced their own financial
difficulties in recent years. The qualification of our EMS
providers is a costly and time-consuming process, and these
manufacturers build product for other companies, including our
competitors. We are constantly reviewing our manufacturing
capability, including the work of our EMS providers, to ensure
that our
S-10
production requirements are met in terms of cost, capacity,
quality and reliability. From time to time, we may decide to
transfer the manufacturing of a product from one EMS provider to
another, to better meet our production needs. It is possible
that we may not effectively manage this transition or the new
contract manufacturer may not perform as well as expected. As a
result, we may not be able to fill orders in a timely manner,
which could harm our business. In addition, we do not have
contracts in place with some of these providers. Our inability
to effectively manage our relationships with our EMS providers,
particularly overseas, could negatively affect our business and
results of operations.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers, and for some
items we do not have a substitute supplier.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers for our product
components and subsystems, as well as for equipment used to
manufacture and test our products. Our products include several
components for which reliable, high-volume suppliers are
particularly limited. Some key optical and electronic components
we use in our products are currently available only from sole or
limited sources, and in some cases, that source also is a
competitor. The loss of a source of key components could require
us to re-engineer products that use those components, which
would increase our costs. Increases in demand for components by
us, our competitors or other third parties from sole or limited
sources would result in additional supply constraints. Delays in
component availability or delivery, or component performance
problems, could result in delayed deployment of our products,
and inability to recognize revenue, which would negatively
affect our results of operations. These delays could also limit
our opportunity to pursue additional growth or revenue
opportunities and harm our business reputation and customer
relationships.
Our international operations could expose us to additional
risk and result in increased operating expense.
We market, sell and service our products globally. We have
established offices around the world, including in North
America, Europe, Latin America and the Asia Pacific region. We
have also established a development operation in India to pursue
offshore development resources. In addition, we are increasingly
relying upon overseas suppliers, particularly in Asia, to
manufacture our products and components. We expect that our
international activities will be dynamic over the foreseeable
future as we enter some new markets and withdraw from or reduce
operations in others in order to match our resources with
revenue opportunities. These changes to our international
operations will require significant management attention and
financial resources. In some countries, our success will depend
in part on our ability to form relationships with local
partners. Our inability to identify appropriate partners or
reach mutually satisfactory arrangements for international sales
of our products could impact our ability to maintain or increase
international market demand for our products.
International operations are subject to inherent risks, and our
future results could be adversely affected by a number of
factors, including:
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greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable and longer
collection periods; |
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difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign
operations; |
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the impact of recessions in economies outside the United States; |
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reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some
countries; |
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adverse tax consequences; |
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political and economic instability; |
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trade protection measures, export compliance, qualification do
transact business and other regulatory requirements; |
S-11
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effects of changes in currency exchange rates; and |
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natural disasters and epidemics. |
Our efforts to offshore certain resources and operations to
India may not be successful and may expose us to unanticipated
costs or liabilities.
We have established a development operation in India and expect
to increase hiring of personnel for this facility during the
remainder of fiscal 2006. We have limited experience in
offshoring our business functions, particularly development
operations, and there is no assurance that our plan will enable
us to achieve meaningful cost reductions or greater resource
efficiency. Further, offshoring to India involves significant
risks, including:
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the hiring and retention of appropriate engineering resources,
particularly in view of the rapid increase in similar activity
in India by other companies that are competing to hire engineers
with the skills that we require; |
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the knowledge transfer related to our technology and exposure to
misappropriation of intellectual property or confidential
information, including information that is proprietary to us,
our customers and other third parties; |
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heightened exposure to changes in the economic, security and
political conditions of India; |
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currency exchange and tax risks associated with offshore
operations; and |
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development efforts that do not meet our requirements because of
language, cultural or other differences associated with
international operations, resulting in errors or delays. |
Difficulties resulting from the factors above and other risks
associated with offshoring could impair our development efforts,
harm our competitive position and damage our reputation with
existing and potential customers. These factors could be
disruptive to our business and may cause us to incur substantial
unanticipated costs or expose us to unforeseen liabilities.
The steps that we are taking to restructure our operations
and align our resources with market opportunities could disrupt
our business.
We have taken several steps, including reductions in force,
dispositions of assets and office closures, and internal
reorganizations to reduce the size and cost of our operations
and to better match our resources with our market opportunities.
We expect to take additional steps to reduce our operating
expenses. These efforts could be disruptive to our business.
Reductions to headcount and other cost cutting measures may
result in the loss of technical expertise that could adversely
affect our research and development efforts and ability to meet
product development schedules. Efforts to reduce operating
expense often result in the recording of accounting charges,
such as inventory and technology-related write-offs, workforce
reduction costs, charges relating to consolidation of excess
facilities, or claims from users of discontinued products. If we
are required to take a substantial charge, our earnings per
share or net loss per share would be adversely affected in such
period. If we cannot manage our cost reduction and restructuring
efforts effectively, our business, results of operations and
financial condition could be harmed.
Our exposure to the credit risks of our customers and
resellers may make it difficult to collect receivables and could
adversely affect our operating results and financial
condition.
Industry and economic conditions have weakened the financial
position of some of our customers. To sell to some of these
customers, we may be required to take risks of uncollectible
accounts. We may be exposed to similar risks relating to third
party resellers and other sales channel partners, as we intend
to increasingly utilize such parties as we enter into new
geographic regions, particularly in Europe. While we monitor
these situations carefully and attempt to take appropriate
measures to protect ourselves, it is possible that we may have
to write down or write off
S-12
doubtful accounts. Such write-downs or write-offs would
negatively affect our operating results for the period in which
they occur, and, if large, could have a material adverse effect
on our operating results and financial condition.
If we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel,
we may be unable to manage our business effectively.
If we are unable to retain and motivate our existing employees
and attract qualified personnel to fill key positions, we may be
unable to manage our business effectively, including the
development of existing and new products. If we lose members of
our management team or other key personnel, it may be difficult
to replace them. Competition for highly skilled technical and
other personnel with experience in our industry can be intense.
Because we generally do not have employment contracts with our
employees, we must rely upon providing competitive compensation
packages and a high-quality work environment in order to retain
and motivate employees. We have paid our employees significantly
reduced or no bonuses for several years. In addition, we have
informed employees that we will not be issuing stock options at
the same level as historical grants. In addition to these
compensation issues, we must continue to motivate and retain
employees, which may be difficult due to morale challenges posed
by our continuing workforce reductions and offshoring of certain
operations.
Our failure to identify additional service delivery partners
and manage our relationships with these partners effectively
could adversely impact our financial results and relationship
with customers.
We rely on a number of service delivery partners, both domestic
and international, to complement our global service and support
resources. We expect to increasingly rely upon third party
service delivery partners for the installation of our equipment
in larger network builds, which often include more onerous
installation, testing and acceptance terms. In order to ensure
that we timely install our products and satisfy obligations to
our customers, we must identify, train and certify additional
appropriate partners. The certification of these partners can be
costly and time-consuming, and these partners service products
for other companies, including our competitors. There can be no
assurance that we will be able to identify an adequate number of
qualified service delivery partners. We may not be able to
effectively manage our relationships with our partners and we
cannot be certain that they will be able to deliver our services
in the manner or time required. If our service partners are
unsuccessful in delivering services:
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we may suffer delays in recognizing revenues in cases where
revenue recognition is dependent upon product installation,
testing and acceptance; |
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our services revenue may be adversely affected; and |
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our relationship with customers could suffer. |
We may be required to assume warranty, service and other
unexpected obligations in connection with our resale of
complementary products of other companies.
We have entered into agreements with strategic partners that
permit us to distribute the products of other companies. As part
of our strategy to diversify our product portfolio and customer
base, we may enter into additional resale agreements in the
future. To the extent we succeed in reselling the products of
these companies, we may be required by customers to assume
certain warranty and service obligations. While our suppliers
often agree to support us with respect to these obligations, we
may be required to extend greater protection in order to effect
a sale. Moreover, our suppliers are relatively small companies
with limited financial resources. If they are unable to provide
the required support, we may have to expend our own resources to
do so. This risk is amplified because the equipment that we are
selling has been designed and manufactured by other third
parties and may be subject to warranty claims, the magnitude of
which we are unable to evaluate
S-13
fully. We may be required to assume warranty, service and other
unexpected obligations in connection with our resale of
complementary products of other companies.
Our strategy of pursuing strategic acquisitions and
investments may expose us to increased costs and unexpected
liabilities.
Our business strategy includes acquiring or making strategic
investments in other companies to increase our portfolio of
products and services, expand the markets we address, diversify
our customer base and acquire or accelerate the development of
new or improved products. To do so, we may use cash, issue
equity that would dilute our current shareholders
ownership, incur debt or assume indebtedness. Strategic
investments and acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:
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difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies and
products of the acquired companies; |
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diversion of managements attention; |
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potential difficulties in completing projects of the acquired
company and costs related to in-process research and development; |
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the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company; |
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subsequent amortization expenses related to intangible assets
and charges associated with impairment of goodwill; |
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ineffective internal controls over financial reporting for
purposes of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; |
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dependence on unfamiliar supply partners; and |
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exposure to unanticipated liabilities, including intellectual
property infringement claims. |
As a result of these and other risks, any acquisitions or
strategic investments may not reap the intended benefits and may
ultimately have a negative impact on our business, results of
operation and financial condition.
We may be adversely affected by fluctuations in currency
exchange rates.
Historically, our primary exposure to currency exchange rates
has been related to
non-U.S. dollar
denominated operating expenses in Europe, Asia and Canada where
we sell primarily in U.S. dollars. As we increase our
international sales and utilization of international suppliers,
we expect to transact additional business in currencies other
than the U.S. dollar. As a result, we will be subject to
the possibility of greater effects of foreign exchange
translation on our financial statements. For those countries
outside the United States where we have significant sales, a
devaluation in the local currency would result in reduced
revenue and operating profit and reduce the value of our local
inventory presented in our financial statements. In addition,
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may make our
products more expensive for customers to purchase or increase
our operating costs, thereby adversely affecting our
competitiveness. To date, we have not significantly hedged
against foreign currency fluctuations; however, we may pursue
hedging alternatives in the future. Although exposure to
currency fluctuations to date has not had an adverse effect on
our business, there can be no assurance that exchange rate
fluctuations in the future will not have a material adverse
effect on our revenue from international sales and,
consequently, our business, operating results and financial
condition.
Failure to maintain effective internal controls over
financial reporting could have a material adverse effect on our
business, operating results and stock price.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires that
we include in our annual report on
Form 10-K, a
report containing managements assessment of the
effectiveness of our internal
S-14
controls over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal
year and a statement as to whether or not such internal controls
are effective. Such report must also contain a statement that
our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an
attestation report on managements assessment of such
internal controls.
We initially became subject to these requirements for our fiscal
year ended October 31, 2005. Compliance with these
requirements has resulted in, and is likely to continue to
result in, significant costs, the commitment of time and
operational resources and the diversion of managements
attention. Growth of our business, including our broader product
portfolio and increased transaction volume, will necessitate
ongoing changes to our internal control systems, processes and
infrastructure, including our information systems. Our
increasingly global operations, including our development
facility in India and offices abroad, will pose additional
challenges to our internal control systems as their operations
become more significant. We cannot be certain that our current
design for internal control over financial reporting, and any
modifications necessary to reflect changes in our business, will
be sufficient to enable management or our independent registered
public accounting firm to determine that our internal controls
are effective as of the end of fiscal 2006 or on an ongoing
basis. If we are unable to assert that our internal controls
over financial reporting are effective (or if our independent
registered public accounting firm is unable to attest that our
managements report is fairly stated or they are unable to
express an opinion on our managements assessment of the
effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting or
on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial
reporting), our business may be harmed. Market perception of our
financial condition and the trading price of our stock may be
adversely affected and customer perception of our business may
suffer.
Our stock price is volatile.
Our common stock price has experienced substantial volatility in
the past, and may remain volatile in the future. Volatility can
arise as a result of a number of the factors discussed in this
Risk Factors section, as well as divergence between
our actual or anticipated financial results and published
expectations of analysts, and announcements that we, our
competitors, or our customers may make.
Risks Related to an Investment in the Notes
Hedging transactions and other transactions may affect the
value of the notes.
Concurrently with the closing of the offering of the notes, we
intend to use a portion of the net proceeds to purchase a call
spread option relating to shares of our common stock from
Goldman Sachs Financial Markets, L.P. (GSFM), an
affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. The call spread
option is expected to reduce the potential dilution from
conversion of the notes by effectively increasing the conversion
price to us. The call spread option may subject us to certain
risks and may not achieve the desired effect.
The mitigating effect of the call spread option on dilution will
be capped, which means that the call spread option may not
completely mitigate dilution from conversion of the notes as
intended. For example, if all notes were converted on the
expiration date of the call spread option, the exercise of the
call spread option would not mitigate dilution to the extent the
market price per share of our common stock at the time of
conversion exceeded the higher strike price of the call spread
option. See Call Spread Option below.
GSFM and its affiliates expect to engage in hedging transactions
with respect to the call spread option. These hedging
transactions involve entering into various derivative
transactions such as swaps, with the initial hedging activity
involving derivatives structured to achieve a similar position
as would result from purchases of shares. Such hedging
arrangements could increase the price of our common stock. These
hedging transactions may occur in advance of and around the time
of the
S-15
pricing and offering of the notes and are expected to continue
throughout the term of the call spread option.
GSFM, or any transferee of any of its positions, is likely to
modify its hedge positions from time to time during the term of
the call spread option by purchasing or selling shares of our
common stock, our other securities or other instruments it may
wish to use in connection with such hedging. The effect, if any,
of these transactions and activities on the market price of our
common stock or the notes will depend in part on market
conditions and the settlement methods under the call spread
option and cannot be ascertained at this time, but any of these
activities may adversely affect the value of the notes and our
common stock, and as a result, the value of the common stock you
will receive upon the conversion of the notes.
In connection with the call spread option described above,
entities affiliated with GSFM may borrow shares in the stock
loan market in advance of and around the time of the offering of
the notes and may continue to borrow shares throughout the terms
of the notes and the call spread option. These transactions may
affect the liquidity and price to borrow shares in the stock
loan market. We cannot assure you that such activity will not
adversely affect the market price of our common stock and other
equity-linked securities. In addition, the existence of the
notes may encourage short selling in our common stock by market
participants, which could depress the price of our common stock
and other equity-linked securities.
Significant leverage and debt service obligations may
adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to repay or
repurchase the notes.
We will have significant amounts of outstanding indebtedness,
primarily related to the notes and our outstanding
3.75% Convertible Notes due February 1, 2008, upon the
completion of this offering.
As a result of this indebtedness, our principal and interest
payment obligations will increase substantially. We may be
unable to generate sufficient cash to pay the principal of,
interest on and other amounts due in respect of our
indebtedness, including the notes, when due. We may also add
equipment loans and lease lines to finance capital expenditures
and may obtain additional long-term debt, working capital lines
of credit and lease lines.
Our significant leverage could have important negative
consequences, including:
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increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and
industry conditions; |
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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing; |
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requiring the dedication of a substantial portion of our
expected cash flow from operations to service our indebtedness,
thereby reducing the amount of our expected cash flow available
for other purposes, including capital expenditures; |
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limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to,
changes in our business and the industry in which we compete; |
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placing us at a possible competitive disadvantage relative to
less leveraged competitors and competitors that have better
access to capital resources; and |
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making it difficult or impossible for us to pay the principal
amount of the notes at maturity or the repurchase price of the
notes upon a fundamental change, thereby causing an event of
default under the indenture. |
In addition, the notes will be our obligation exclusively. The
indenture for the notes does not limit our ability, or that of
our subsidiaries, to incur other indebtedness and liabilities.
We may have difficulty paying what we owe under the notes if we
or our subsidiaries incur additional indebtedness or other
liabilities.
S-16
There currently is no public market for the notes being
offered.
Prior to the sale of the notes in this offering, there has been
no public market for any of the notes, and there can be no
assurance as to:
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the liquidity of any such market that may develop; |
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the ability of the holders to sell their notes; or |
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the price at which the holders would be able to sell their notes. |
If such a market were to exist, the notes could trade at prices
that may be higher or lower than the principal amount or
purchase price of the notes, depending on many factors,
including prevailing interest rates, the market for similar
notes, and our financial performance. We do not presently intend
to apply for the listing of the notes on any securities exchange
or for inclusion of the notes on any automated quotation system.
The underwriters have advised us that they presently intend to
make a market in the notes. The underwriters are not obligated,
however, to make a market in the notes, and any such
market-making may be discontinued at any time at the sole
discretion of the underwriters. In addition, such market-making
activity will be subject to the limits imposed by the Securities
Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Accordingly, no assurance can be given as to the development or
liquidity of any market for the notes.
Holders of the notes may have to pay tax with respect to
distributions on our common stock that they do not receive.
The terms of the notes allow for changes in the conversion price
of the notes in certain circumstances. A change in conversion
price that allows holders of notes to receive more shares of
common stock on conversion may increase those note holders
proportionate interests in our earnings and profits or assets.
In that case, U.S. holders (as defined under
Important United States Federal Income Tax
Consequences) could be treated as though they received a
dividend in the form of our common stock under United States tax
laws. Such a constructive stock dividend could be taxable to
those note holders, although they would not actually receive any
cash or other property. You should carefully consider the
information under Important United States Federal Income
Tax Consequences.
S-17
USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering, after
deducting estimated fees and expenses and underwriting discounts
and commissions, will be approximately $292,200,000
($336,075,000 if the underwriter exercises its option to
purchase additional notes in full). We expect to use the net
proceeds to provide additional funds for general corporate
purposes. These purposes may include repurchases of our
outstanding 3.75% Convertible Notes due February 1,
2008. These repurchases may occur at various prices from time to
time.
We also intend to use approximately $28,500,000 of the net
proceeds from this offering (or approximately $32,800,000 if the
underwriter exercises its option to purchase additional notes in
full) to purchase a call spread option with respect to our
common stock. See Call Spread Option and
Capitalization. The call spread option is intended
to reduce the potential dilution from conversion of the notes.
CALL SPREAD OPTION
Concurrently with the closing of the offering of the notes, we
will purchase from Goldman Sachs Financial Markets, L.P., an
affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. (such affiliate being
referred to as the option seller), a call spread
option on our common stock. The call spread option covers
approximately 53.1 million shares of our common stock,
which is the number of shares that are initially issuable upon
conversion of the notes in full. We will pay the option seller
an aggregate of approximately $28,500,000 in consideration of
their sale of the call spread option. The call spread option is
a so-called European option, which means that it is
exercisable only on its specified expiration date, which will be
May 1, 2013.
The call spread option is designed to mitigate dilution from
conversion of the notes to the extent that the market price per
share of our common stock at the time of exercise of the call
spread option is greater than $5.6465 (the lower strike
price) and is less than or equal to $6.50575 (the
higher strike price). The number of shares subject
to the call spread option and the lower strike price and higher
strike price will be subject to customary adjustments for
transactions of this type similar to the conversion price
adjustments in the indenture. However, there could be
circumstances where the number of shares subject to the call
spread option, the lower strike price or the higher strike price
are adjusted and the conversion price of the notes is not
adjusted.
If the market value of our common stock at the time of the
exercise of the call spread option is above the lower strike
price, we will receive from the option seller, for no additional
consideration, shares of our common stock valued at an amount
equal to the then current market price of our common stock minus
the lower strike price, multiplied by the number of shares of
common stock underlying the call spread option; provided,
however, if the then current market price of our common stock
exceeds the higher strike price, this amount will be determined
by using the difference between the higher strike price and the
lower strike price. Alternatively, and for no additional
consideration on our part, we may elect to receive the amount
calculated above from the option seller in cash upon our
exercise of the option. If the market value of our common stock
at the time of exercise of the call spread option is between the
lower strike price and the higher strike price, in lieu of the
settlement elections above, we may elect to receive from the
option seller, upon payment by us of the aggregate exercise
price of the option, the full number of shares of common stock
underlying the call spread option.
If the market price of our common stock exceeds the higher
strike price at time of exercise of the call spread option, the
dilution mitigation under the call spread option will be capped,
which means that the call spread option will not mitigate
dilution from conversion of the notes to the extent the market
price per share of our common stock exceeds $6.50575 at the time
of conversion.
The call spread option is a contract entered into by us with the
option seller, and is not part of the terms of the notes and
will not affect the holders rights under the notes. As a
holder of the notes, you will not have any rights with respect
to the call spread option.
S-18
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth:
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our total cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and
long-term investments, total long-term debt and total
capitalization as of January 31, 2006; and |
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these amounts as adjusted to give effect to the sale of the
notes (assuming that the underwriters option to purchase
additional notes is not exercised), after deducting underwriting
discounts and commissions, our estimated offering expenses and
the approximately $28.5 million cost of the call spread
option on our common stock. |
The table does not take into account any repurchases of our
outstanding 3.75% Convertible Notes due February 1,
2008 that we may make from the proceeds of this offering or
otherwise. This table should be read in conjunction with our
consolidated financial statements and the related notes as filed
in our annual report on
Form 10-K for our
fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 and our quarterly report
on Form 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2006.
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January 31, 2006 | |
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Actual | |
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As Adjusted(1) | |
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(In thousands, except for | |
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share data) | |
Cash and cash equivalents
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$ |
298,624 |
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$ |
562,324 |
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Short-term investments
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496,010 |
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496,010 |
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Long-term investments
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166,951 |
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166,951 |
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Total cash and cash equivalents,
short-term and long-term investments
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$ |
961,585 |
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$ |
1,225,285 |
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3.75% Convertible Notes due
February 1, 2008
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542,262 |
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542,262 |
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0.25% Convertible Senior Notes
due 2013
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300,000 |
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Total long-term debt
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$ |
542,262 |
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$ |
842,262 |
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Stockholders equity:
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Preferred stock par
value $0.01; 20,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares
issued and outstanding actual and as adjusted
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$ |
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$ |
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Common stock par value
$0.01; 980,000,000 shares authorized;
581,581,317 shares issued and outstanding actual and as
adjusted(2)
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5,816 |
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5,816 |
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Additional paid-in capital
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5,493,614 |
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5,465,114 |
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Changes in unrealized gains on
investments, net
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(3,433 |
) |
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(3,433 |
) |
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Translation adjustment
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(505 |
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(505 |
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Accumulated deficit
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(4,758,886 |
) |
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(4,758,886 |
) |
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Total stockholders equity
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$ |
736,606 |
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$ |
708,106 |
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Total capitalization
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$ |
1,278,868 |
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$ |
1,550,368 |
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(1) |
The as adjusted amounts reflect the approximately
$28.5 million cost of the call spread option on our common
stock to mitigate against exposure to dilution from the
conversion of the notes. |
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(2) |
Outstanding common stock does not include
(i) 101.1 million shares of common stock reserved for
issuance under our equity incentive plans, under which options
to purchase 60.7 million shares were outstanding as of
January 31, 2006, at a weighted average exercise price of
$4.79 per share, (ii) 25.0 million shares
reserved for issuance under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan at
January 31, 2006, (iii) 5.2 million shares of
common stock issuable upon conversion of our
3.75% Convertible Notes due February 1, 2008 and
(iv) 53.1 million shares of common stock issuable upon
conversion of the notes offered hereby. |
S-19
DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES
The notes will be issued under an indenture to be dated as of
April 10, 2006, between us and The Bank of New York, a New York
banking corporation (the trustee) (the
indenture). The terms of the notes will include
those stated in the indenture and those made part of the
indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939,
as amended (the Trust Indenture Act).
The following description is a summary of the material
provisions of the indenture. It does not restate the indenture
in its entirety. A copy of the indenture will be filed by us
with the SEC and will be available as described under the
heading Where You Can Find More Information in the
prospectus accompanying this prospectus supplement.
Brief Description of the Notes
The notes will be:
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our general unsecured obligations; |
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pari passu in right of payment with any other senior unsecured
indebtedness of ours; |
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senior in right of payment to any future indebtedness that is
contractually subordinated to the notes; |
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structurally subordinated to all present and future indebtedness
and other obligations of our subsidiaries; and |
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effectively subordinated to all of our present or future secured
indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral
securing such indebtedness. |
General
The notes are convertible prior to maturity at the election of
the holder (unless earlier redeemed or repurchased) into shares
of our common stock at the initial conversion rate of 177.1009
shares of our common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of
notes, which is equal to an initial conversion price of
approximately $5.65 per share, as described under
Conversion of Notes. We are offering
$300,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of notes
($345,000,000 aggregate principal amount if the
underwriters option to purchase additional notes is
exercised in full). The notes will be issued only in
denominations of $2,000 or in integral multiples of $1,000 in
excess thereof. The notes will mature on May 1, 2013,
unless earlier redeemed at our option or converted by you or
repurchased by us at your option upon a fundamental change.
Neither we nor our subsidiaries are restricted from paying
dividends, incurring debt, granting liens, selling assets or
issuing or repurchasing our securities under the indenture. In
addition, there are no financial covenants in the indenture.
The notes will bear interest at the annual rate of
0.25% commencing on the date of issuance. Interest will be
payable on May 1 and November 1 of each year,
beginning November 1, 2006, subject to limited exceptions
if the notes are redeemed, converted or repurchased prior to the
interest payment date. The record dates for the payment of
interest will be April 15 and October 15. We will not,
however, pay accrued interest on any notes that are converted
except under the limited circumstances described under
Conversion Procedures. We may, at our
option, pay interest on the notes by check mailed to the
holders. However, beneficial owners of notes issued in global
form will be paid by wire transfer in immediately available
funds in accordance with DTCs settlement procedures, and a
holder of certificated notes with an aggregate principal amount
in excess of $2.0 million will be paid by wire transfer in
immediately available funds upon its election if the holder has
provided us with wire transfer instructions at least 10 business
days prior to the payment date. Interest on the notes will
accrue and be paid on the basis of a
360-day year comprised
of twelve 30-day
months. We will not be required to make any payment on the notes
due on any day which is
S-20
not a business day until the following business day. The payment
made on the following business day will be treated as though it
were paid on the original due date and no interest will accrue
on the payment for the additional period of time.
We will maintain an office in New York, New York where the notes
may be presented for registration, transfer, exchange or
conversion. This office will initially be an office or agency of
the trustee. Except under limited circumstances described below,
the notes will be issued only in fully-registered book entry
form, without coupons, and will be represented by one or more
global notes. There will be no service charge for any
registration of transfer or exchange of notes. We may, however,
require holders to pay a sum sufficient to cover any tax or
other governmental charge payable in connection with certain
transfers or exchanges as described under
Conversion Procedures.
Conversion of Notes
You may convert all or any portion of the principal amount of
your notes in integral multiples of $1,000 (provided that the
principal amount of any such notes to remain outstanding after
such conversion is equal to $2,000 or any integral multiple of
$1,000 in excess thereof) into shares of our common stock at any
time on or prior to the close of business on the maturity date,
unless the notes have been previously redeemed or repurchased.
The conversion rate is initially 177.1009 shares of our common
stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes (which is equivalent
to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.65 per
share). The conversion rate in effect at any given time is
referred to in this prospectus supplement as the
applicable conversion rate and will be subject to
adjustments as described below under
Anti-Dilution Adjustments and
Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a
Fundamental Change, but will not be adjusted for accrued
interest. The applicable conversion price at any
given time is equal to the principal amount of a $1,000 note
divided by the applicable conversion rate.
If you have submitted your notes for repurchase upon a
fundamental change, you may only convert your notes if you
withdraw your election in accordance with the indenture.
Conversion Procedures
If you wish to exercise your conversion right, you must deliver
an irrevocable conversion notice, together, if the notes are in
certificated form, with the certificated security (the date of
such delivery of notice and all other requirements for
conversion having been satisfied, the conversion
date), to the conversion agent and us. The conversion
agent will, on your behalf, convert the notes into shares of
common stock. You may obtain copies of the required form of the
conversion notice from the conversion agent. Upon conversion, we
will satisfy our conversion obligation with respect to the
principal amount of the notes to be converted in shares of our
common stock.
Shares of our common stock deliverable upon conversion will be
delivered to the conversion agent no later than the third
business day following the conversion date.
We will not issue fractional shares of our common stock upon
conversion of the notes. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise
issuable (calculated on an aggregate basis in respect of all the
notes you have surrendered for conversion), you will be entitled
to receive cash based on the closing sale price of our common
stock on the trading day immediately preceding the conversion
date.
Upon conversion of notes, you generally will not receive any
cash payment of interest. By delivering to the holder the number
of shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of a note
and any cash in lieu of fractional shares of common stock, we
will be deemed to have satisfied all of our obligations with
respect to such note through the conversion date. That is, we
will not pay accrued but unpaid interest, if any, and we will
not adjust the conversion rate to account for any accrued
interest.
S-21
However, if you surrender your notes for conversion between the
close of business on a record date and the opening of business
on the next interest payment date, including the maturity date,
you will receive the interest payable on such notes on the
corresponding interest payment date notwithstanding the
conversion. Consequently, when you surrender your notes for
conversion during such period, you must pay funds equal to the
interest payable on the principal amount being converted;
provided no such payment by holders will be required for notes
or portions of notes called for redemption on a redemption date
or delivered for repurchase due to a fundamental change on a
repurchase date, in each case occurring during the period from
the close of business on a record date and ending on the opening
of business on the next interest payment date, or if that
interest payment date is not a business day, the next business
day after the interest payment date.
The term business day means any day other than a
Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the
City of New York, New York are authorized by law, regulation or
executive order to remain closed.
If you convert notes, we will pay any documentary, stamp or
similar issue or transfer tax due on the issue of shares of our
common stock upon the conversion, unless the tax or duty is due
because you request the shares to be issued or delivered in a
name other than your own, in which case you will pay the tax or
duty. Certificates representing our common stock will be issued
or delivered only after all applicable taxes and duties payable
by you, if any, have been paid.
Anti-dilution Adjustments
The applicable conversion rate will be subject to adjustment,
without duplication, from time to time, upon the occurrence of
any of the following events:
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(1) |
stock dividends in common stock we pay or
make a dividend or other distribution on our common stock,
payable exclusively in shares of our common stock; |
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(2) |
issuance of rights or warrants we issue to
all or substantially all holders of our common stock rights or
warrants that allow the holders to purchase shares of our common
stock for a period expiring within 60 days from the date of
issuance of the rights or warrants at a price per share at less
than the current market price (other than any rights or warrants
that by their terms will also be issued to you upon conversion
of your notes into shares of our common stock without any action
required by us or any other person or that are distributed to
our shareholders upon a merger or consolidation and taking into
consideration in determining the price per share any
consideration received by us for such rights and warrants and
any amount payable on exercise or conversion thereof, with the
value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be
determined by us); provided that the conversion rate will be
readjusted to the extent that the rights or warrants are not
exercised prior to their expiration and as a result no
additional shares are delivered or issued pursuant to such
rights or warrants; |
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(3) |
stock splits and combinations we: |
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subdivide or split the outstanding shares of our common stock
into a greater number of shares; |
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combine or reclassify the outstanding shares of our common stock
into a smaller number of shares; or |
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issue by reclassification of the shares of our common stock any
shares of our capital stock; |
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(4) |
distribution of indebtedness, securities or
assets we distribute by dividend or otherwise to
all or substantially all holders of our common stock evidences
of indebtedness, securities or assets or rights, options or
warrants to purchase our securities (provided, however, that if
these rights or warrants are only exercisable upon the
occurrence of specified triggering |
S-22
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events, then the conversion rate will not be adjusted until the
triggering events occur), but excluding: |
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dividends or distributions described in
paragraph (1) above; |
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rights or warrants described in paragraph (2) above; |
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dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash described in
paragraph (6), (7) or (8) below |
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(the distributed assets), in which event (other than
in the case of a spin-off as described in clause (5)
below), the conversion rate will be adjusted to be equal to the
rate determined by multiplying: |
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the conversion rate in effect immediately before the close of
business on the record date fixed for determination of
stockholders entitled to receive that distribution by |
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an adjustment factor equal to a fraction, the numerator of which
is the current market price of our common stock and the
denominator of which is the current market price of our common
stock on the date fixed for such determination minus the fair
market value, as determined by our board of directors (or a
committee thereof), whose determination in good faith will be
conclusive, of the portion of those distributed assets
applicable to one share of common stock. |
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For purposes of this clause (4) (unless otherwise stated),
the current market price of our common stock means
the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock for
the five consecutive trading days ending on the trading day
prior to the earlier of the record date or the ex-dividend
trading day for such distribution, and the new conversion rate
will take effect immediately after the record date fixed for
determination of the stockholders entitled to receive such
distribution. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in cases where
(a) the fair market value per share of the distributed
assets equals or exceeds the current market price of our common
stock, or (b) the current market price of our common stock
exceeds the fair market value per share of the distributed
assets by less than $1.00, in lieu of the foregoing adjustment,
you will receive upon conversion, in addition to shares of our
common stock, if any, the amount and type of distributed assets
you would have received if you had converted your notes
immediately prior to the record date for such distribution. |
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The closing sale price of our common stock on any
date means the last reported closing price per share (or, if no
last closing price is reported, the average of the last bid and
ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of
the average bid and the average ask prices) on such date as
reported in composite transactions for the principal
U.S. securities exchange on which our common stock then is
listed, or if our common stock is not listed on a
U.S. national or regional exchange, as reported on The
Nasdaq Stock Market, or if our common stock is not quoted on The
Nasdaq Stock Market, the closing sale price will be
the last quoted bid price for our common stock in the
over-the-counter market
on the relevant dates as reported by the National Quotation
Bureau Incorporated or any similar U.S. system of automated
dissemination of quotations of securities prices. If our common
stock is not so quoted, the closing sale price will
be the price as reported on the principal other market on which
our common stock is then traded. In the absence of such
quotations, our board of directors will make a good faith
determination of the closing sale price. |
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The term trading day means a day during which
trading in securities generally occurs on The Nasdaq Stock
Market, or, if our common stock is not then quoted on The Nasdaq
Stock Market, then on the New York Stock Exchange or another
national or regional securities exchange on which our common
stock is then listed or, if our common stock is |
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not listed on a national or regional securities exchange or
quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market, on the principal other market
on which our common stock is then traded or quoted. |
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(5) |
spin-offs we distribute to all or
substantially all holders of our common stock shares of capital
stock of any class or series, or similar equity interests, of or
relating to a subsidiary or other business unit and which is
traded in the New York Stock Exchange or another U.S. national
securities exchange or quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market or
another established automated
over-the-counter
trading market, which we refer to as a spin-off, in
which case the conversion rate will be adjusted so that the same
shall equal the rate determined by multiplying: |
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the conversion rate in effect immediately before the close of
business on the record date fixed for determination of
stockholders entitled to receive that distribution by |
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an adjustment factor equal to the sum of the daily adjustments
(as described below) for each of the 10 consecutive trading
days beginning on the effective date of the spin-off. |
The daily
adjustment for any given trading day is equal to a
fraction:
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the numerator of which is the closing sale price of our common
stock on that trading day plus the closing sale price of the
portion of those shares of capital stock or similar equity
interests so distributed applicable to one share of our common
stock on that trading day, and |
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the denominator of which is the product of 10 and the closing
sale price of our common stock on that trading day. |
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The adjustment to the conversion rate in the event of a spin-off
will become effective on the tenth trading day from, and
including, the effective date of the spin-off. |
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(6) |
cash distributions we pay a dividend or make
a distribution consisting exclusively of cash to all or
substantially all holders of outstanding shares of common stock,
in which event the conversion rate will be adjusted so that the
same shall equal the rate determined by multiplying: |
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the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the close of
business on the date fixed for determination of stockholders
entitled to receive such distribution by |
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an adjustment factor equal to a fraction, the numerator of which
is the current market price of our common stock, and the
denominator of which is the current market price of our common
stock, minus the amount per share of such distribution. |
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For purposes of this clause (6), the current market
price of our common stock means the average of the closing
sale prices of our common stock for the five consecutive trading
days ending on the trading day prior to the ex-dividend trading
day for such cash distribution, and the new conversion rate will
take effect immediately after the record date fixed for
determination of the stockholders entitled to receive such
distribution. |
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, in cases where (a) the per
share amount of such distribution equals or exceeds the current
market price of our common stock or (b) the current market
price of our common stock exceeds the per share amount of such
distribution by less than $1.00, in lieu of the foregoing
adjustment, you will receive upon conversion, in addition to
shares of our common stock, if any, such distribution you would
have received if you had converted your notes immediately prior
to the record date for such distribution. |
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(7) |
tender or exchange offers we (or one of our
subsidiaries) make a payment in respect of a tender offer or
exchange offer for any portion of our common stock, in which
event, to the extent the cash and value of any other
consideration included in the payment per share of our common
stock exceeds the closing sale price of our common stock on the
trading day |
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next succeeding the last date on which tenders or exchanges may
be made pursuant to such tender offer or exchange offer, as the
case may be, the conversion rate will be adjusted so that the
same shall equal the rate determined by multiplying: |
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the conversion rate immediately prior to close of business on
the date of the expiration of the tender or exchange offer by |
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an adjustment factor equal to a fraction, the numerator of which
will be the sum of (a) the fair market value, as determined
by our board of directors, of the aggregate consideration
payable for all shares of our common stock we purchase in the
tender or exchange offer and (b) the product of
(i) the number of shares of our common stock outstanding
less any such purchased shares and (ii) the closing sale
price of our common stock on the trading day following the date
of the expiration of the tender or exchange offer, and the
denominator of which will be the product of (a) the number
of shares of our common stock outstanding, including any such
purchased shares, and (b) the closing sale price of our
common stock on the trading day following the date of expiration
of the tender or exchange offer. The adjustment pursuant to this
clause (7) will become effective immediately after the
opening of business on the second trading day following the date
of expiration of the tender or exchange offer. |
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(8) |
repurchases we (or one of our subsidiaries)
make a payment in respect of a repurchase for our common stock
the consideration for which exceeds the then-prevailing market
price of our common stock (such amount, the repurchase
premium), and that repurchase, together with any other
repurchases of our common stock by us (or one of our
subsidiaries) involving a repurchase premium concluded within
the preceding 12 months not triggering a conversion price
adjustment, results in the payment by us of an aggregate
consideration exceeding an amount equal to 10% of the market
capitalization of our common stock, the conversion rate will be
adjusted so that the same shall equal the rate determined by
multiplying: |
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the conversion rate immediately prior to the close of business
on the date fixed for determination of the stockholders entitled
to receive such distribution by |
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an adjustment factor equal to a fraction, the numerator of which
is the current market price of our common stock and the
denominator of which is (a) the current market price of our
common stock, minus (b) the quotient of (i) the
aggregate amount of all of the repurchase premiums paid in
connection with such repurchases and (ii) the number of
shares of common stock outstanding on the day following the date
of the repurchase triggering the adjustment, as determined by
our board of directors; |
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provided that no adjustment to the conversion rate will be made
to the extent the conversion rate is not increased as a result
of the above calculation, and provided further that the
repurchases of our common stock effected by us or our agent in
conformity with
Rule 10b-18 under
the Exchange Act will not be included in any adjustment to the
conversion rate made under this clause (8). |
For purposes of this clause (8):
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the market capitalization will be calculated by
multiplying the current market price of our common stock by the
number of shares of common stock then outstanding on the date of
the repurchase triggering the adjustment immediately prior to
such repurchase, |
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the current market price will be the average of the
closing sale prices of our common stock for the five consecutive
trading days beginning on the trading day following the date of
the repurchase triggering the adjustment, and |
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in determining the repurchase premium, the then-prevailing
market price of our common stock will be the average of
the closing sale prices of our common stock for the five
consecutive trading days ending on the relevant repurchase date. |
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If a payment would cause an adjustment to the conversion
rate under both clause (7) and clause (8), the
provisions of clause (8) shall control. |
We may increase the conversion rate as our board of directors
considers advisable to avoid or diminish any income tax to
holders of our common stock or rights to purchase our common
stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock or
issuance of rights or warrants to purchase or subscribe for
stock or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes.
We may also, from time to time, to the extent permitted by
applicable law, increase the conversion rate by any amount for
any period of at least 20 business days if our board of
directors has determined that such increase would be in our best
interests. If our board of directors makes such a determination,
it will be conclusive. We will give you notice at least
15 days prior to the effective date of such change in the
conversion rate, with a copy to the trustee and conversion
agent, of such an increase in the conversion rate. Any increase,
however, will not be taken into account for purposes of
determining whether the closing price of our common stock equals
or exceeds 105% of the conversion price in connection with an
event that otherwise would be a fundamental change as defined
below.
No adjustment to the conversion rate or your ability to convert
will be made if you otherwise participate in the distribution
without conversion or in certain other cases.
The applicable conversion rate will not be adjusted:
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upon the issuance of any shares of our common stock or options,
warrants or other rights to acquire our common stock (including
the issuance of common stock pursuant to such options, warrants
or other rights), in any transaction resulting in an exchange
for fair market value, including in connection with a reduction
of indebtedness or liabilities of us or any of our subsidiaries
including, without limitation, upon the conversion of
convertible securities outstanding on the date the notes were
issued or pursuant to settlements with respect to claims related
to any governmental or private litigation, dispute,
investigation, proceeding or other similar action; |
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upon the issuance of any shares of our common stock pursuant to
any present or future plan or similar arrangement providing for
the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on our
securities and the investment of additional optional amounts in
shares of our common stock under any such plan or arrangement; |
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upon the issuance of any shares of our common stock or options
or rights to purchase such shares pursuant to any present or
future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program
or similar arrangement of or assumed by us or any of our
subsidiaries; |
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upon the issuance of any shares of our common stock pursuant to
any option, warrant, right or exercisable, exchangeable or
convertible security not described in the preceding bullet and
outstanding as of the date the notes were first issued; |
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for a change in the par value of our common stock; or |
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for accrued and unpaid interest, if any. |
We will not be required to make an adjustment in the conversion
rate unless the adjustment would require a change of at least 1%
in the conversion rate. However, we will carry forward any
adjustment that is less than 1% of the conversion rate, take
such carried-forward adjustments into account in any subsequent
adjustment, and make such carried-forward adjustments,
regardless of whether the aggregate adjustment is less than 1%,
(a) annually on the anniversary of the first date of issue
of the notes and (b) otherwise (1) five business days
prior to the stated maturity of the
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notes or (2) prior to any redemption date or repurchase
date, unless such adjustment has already been made.
Upon conversion of your notes into shares of our common stock,
you will also receive the associated rights issued under our
Rights Agreement dated December 29, 1997, as amended, or
any other stockholder rights plan we may adopt, whether or not
the rights have separated from the common stock at the time of
conversion unless, prior to conversion, the rights have expired,
terminated or been exchanged.
In the case of consolidations, mergers, conveyances, sales or
transfers of all or substantially all of our assets or other
transactions that cause our common stock to be converted into
the right to receive other securities, cash or property, upon
conversion of your notes, you will be entitled to receive the
same type of consideration that you would have been entitled to
receive if you had converted the notes into our common stock
immediately prior to any of these events.
For purposes of the foregoing, the type and amount of
consideration that you would have been entitled to receive as a
holder of our common stock in the case of consolidations,
mergers, conveyances, sales or transfers of assets or other
transactions that cause our common stock to be converted into
the right to receive more than a single type of consideration
(determined based in part upon any form of stockholder election)
will be deemed to be the weighted average of the types and
amounts of consideration received by the holders of our common
stock that affirmatively make such an election.
Optional Redemption by Ciena
The notes may not be redeemed prior to May 5, 2009. At any
time on or after May 5, 2009, we will have the right, at
our option, to redeem the notes in cash, in whole or in part,
but only if the closing sale price of our common stock for at
least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading day period
ending on the date one trading day prior to the day we give a
notice of redemption is greater than 130% of the applicable
conversion price on the date of such notice, at a redemption
price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be
redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the
principal amount of the notes redeemed to the date of redemption.
No sinking fund is provided for the notes.
We may, to the extent permitted by law, at any time, and from
time to time, purchase the notes at any price or prices in the
open market or otherwise.
Selection and Notice of Redemption
In the event that less than all of the notes are to be redeemed
at any time pursuant to an optional redemption, selection of the
notes for redemption will be made by the trustee in compliance
with the requirements of the principal national securities
exchange, if any, on which such notes are listed or, if such
notes are not then listed on a national securities exchange, on
a pro rata basis, by lot or by such method as the trustee shall
deem fair and appropriate; provided, however, that no notes of a
principal amount of $1,000 or less shall be redeemed in part.
Notice of redemption will be mailed by first-class mail, given
electronically or by any other means approved by the trustee, at
least 30 but not more than 60 days before the redemption
date to each holder of notes to be redeemed at its registered
address. If any note is to be redeemed in part only, the notice
of redemption that relates to that note will state the portion
of the principal amount of the note to be redeemed. A note in a
principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the note
will be issued in the name of the holder of the note upon
cancellation of the original note. On
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and after the date of redemption, interest will cease to accrue
on notes or portions thereof called for redemption so long as we
have deposited with the paying agent for the notes, if the
paying agent is other than us or a subsidiary of ours, funds in
satisfaction of the redemption price (including accrued and
unpaid interest, if any, on the notes to be redeemed) pursuant
to the indenture.
Repurchase at Option of the Holder Upon a Fundamental
Change
If a fundamental change (as defined below) occurs at any time
prior to stated maturity, you may have the right to require us
to purchase any or all of your notes for cash, at a price equal
to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased
plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to (but not including)
the fundamental change repurchase date, unless such repurchase
date falls after a regular record date and on or prior to the
corresponding interest payment date, in which case we will pay
the full amount of accrued and unpaid interest payable on such
interest payment date to the holder of record at the close of
business on the corresponding regular record date. For a
discussion of the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a
holder receiving cash, see Important United States Federal
Income Tax Consequences.
A fundamental change will be deemed to have occurred
at the time after the notes are originally issued that any of
the following occurs:
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(1) |
our common stock (or other common stock into which the notes are
convertible) is neither quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market or
another established automated
over-the-counter
trading market in the United States or traded on the New York
Stock Exchange or another U.S. national securities
exchange; or |
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(2) |
any person, including any syndicate or group deemed to be a
person under Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange
Act, acquires beneficial ownership, directly or indirectly,
through a purchase, merger or other acquisition transaction or
series of transactions, of shares of our capital stock entitling
the person to exercise 50% or more of the total voting power of
all shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in
elections of directors, other than an acquisition by us, any of
our subsidiaries or any of our employee benefit plans; or |
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(3) |
we merge or consolidate with or into any other person (other
than a subsidiary), another person (other than a subsidiary)
merges with or into us, or we convey, sell, transfer or lease
all or substantially all of our assets to another person, other
than any transaction: |
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that does not result in a reclassification, conversion, exchange
or cancellation of our outstanding common stock; |
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pursuant to which the holders of our common stock immediately
prior to the transaction have the entitlement to exercise,
directly or indirectly, 50% or more of the voting power of all
shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally in the
election of directors of the continuing or surviving corporation
immediately after the transaction; or |
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which is effected solely to change our jurisdiction of
incorporation and results in a reclassification, conversion or
exchange of outstanding shares of our common stock solely into
shares of common stock of the surviving entity; or |
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(4) |
at any time our continuing directors do not constitute a
majority of our board of directors (or, if applicable, a
successor person to us). |
However, notwithstanding the foregoing, holders of the notes
will not have the right to require us to repurchase any notes
under clauses (2), (3) or (4) above (and we will
not be required to deliver the fundamental change repurchase
right notice incidental thereto), if either:
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the closing sale price of our common stock for any five trading
days within the period of 10 consecutive trading days ending
immediately after the later of the fundamental change or the |
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public announcement of the fundamental change, in the case of a
fundamental change relating to an acquisition of capital stock
under clause (2) above, or the period of 10 consecutive
trading days ending immediately before the fundamental change,
in the case of a fundamental change relating to a merger,
consolidation, asset sale or otherwise under clause (3)
above or a change in the board of directors under
clause (4) above, equals or exceeds 105% of the applicable
conversion price of the notes in effect on each of those five
trading days; or |
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at least 90% of the consideration paid for our common stock
(excluding cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments
made pursuant to dissenters appraisal rights and cash
dividends) in a merger or consolidation or a conveyance, sale,
transfer or lease otherwise constituting a fundamental change
under clause (2) and/or clause (3) above consists of
shares of common stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange or
another U.S. national securities exchange or quoted on The
Nasdaq Stock Market or another established automated
over-the-counter
trading market in the United States (or will be so traded or
quoted immediately following the merger or consolidation) and,
as a result of the merger or consolidation, the notes become
convertible into such shares of such common stock. |
For purposes of these provisions, whether a person is a
beneficial owner will be determined in accordance
with Rule 13d-3
under the Exchange Act, and person includes any
syndicate or group that would be deemed to be a
person under Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange
Act.
The term continuing directors means, as of any date
of determination, any member of our board of directors who
(a) was a member of our board of directors on the date of
the indenture or (b) becomes a member of our board of
directors subsequent to that date and was appointed, nominated
for election or elected to our board of directors with the
approval of (1) a majority of the continuing directors who
were members of our board of directors at the time of such
appointment, nomination or election or (2) a majority of
the continuing directors that were serving at the time of such
appointment, nomination or election on a committee of our board
of directors that appointed or nominated for election or
reelection such board member.
The term capital stock means (a) in the case of
a corporation, corporate stock, (b) in the case of an
association or business entity, shares, interests,
participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated)
of corporate stock, (c) in the case of a partnership or
limited liability company, partnership or membership interests
(whether general or limited) and (d) any other interest or
participation that confers on a person the right to receive a
share of the profits and losses of, or distribution of the
assets of, the issuing person.
At least 20 business days prior to the anticipated date on which
a fundamental change will become effective (or if we do not have
actual notice of a fundamental change 20 business days
prior to the effective date, as soon as we have actual notice of
the fundamental change), we will provide to all holders of the
notes, the trustee, the paying agent and the conversion agent a
notice (the fundamental change notice) stating:
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(1) if applicable, whether we will adjust the conversion
rate as described under Adjustment to Conversion
Rate Upon a Fundamental Change; |
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(2) the anticipated date on which the fundamental change
will become effective; and |
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(3) whether we expect that holders of the notes will have
the right to require us to repurchase the notes as described in
this section. |
In addition to the fundamental change notice, on or before the
20th trading day after the date on which a fundamental
change transaction becomes effective (which fundamental change
results in the holders of notes having the right to cause us to
repurchase their notes), we will provide to all holders of the
notes and the trustee and paying agent and conversion agent a
notice of the occurrence of the fundamental change and of the
resulting repurchase right (the fundamental change
repurchase right notice).
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Each fundamental change repurchase right notice will state,
among other things:
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the events giving rise to the fundamental change; |
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if we will adjust the conversion rate pursuant to a fundamental
change that falls under clause (2), (3) or (4) of
the definition of fundamental change, the conversion rate and
any adjustments to the conversion rate; |
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the effective date of the fundamental change, if applicable; |
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the last date on which a holder may exercise the repurchase
right; |
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the fundamental change repurchase price; |
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the repurchase date; |
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the name and address of the paying agent and the conversion
agent; |
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that the notes with respect to which the fundamental change
repurchase right notice has been given by the holder may be
converted only if the holder withdraws any repurchase notice
previously delivered by the holder in accordance with the terms
of the indenture; and |
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the procedures that holders must follow to require us to
repurchase their notes. |
To exercise the fundamental change repurchase right, you must
deliver, before the close of business on the second business day
immediately preceding the repurchase date, the notes to be
repurchased, together with the repurchase notice duly completed,
to the paying agent. Your repurchase notice must state:
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if certificated, the certificate numbers of the notes to be
delivered for repurchase; |
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the portion of the principal amount of notes to be repurchased,
which must be $2,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 in excess
thereof; and |
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that the notes are to be repurchased by us as of the fundamental
change repurchase date pursuant to the applicable provisions of
the notes and the indenture. |
If the notes are not in certificated form, your fundamental
change repurchase notice must comply with appropriate DTC
procedures.
If you exercise your right to have any portion of your note
repurchased, you may not surrender that portion of your note for
conversion unless you withdraw your repurchase notice in
accordance with the indenture. You may withdraw any such
repurchase notice (in whole or in part) by a written notice of
withdrawal delivered to the paying agent prior to
5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the second business day
prior to the repurchase date. The notice of withdrawal must
state:
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the principal amount of the withdrawn notes; |
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if certificated notes have been issued, the certificate numbers
of the withdrawn notes; and |
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the principal amount, if any, that remains subject to the
repurchase notice. |
If the notes are not in certificated form, the notice of
withdrawal must comply with appropriate DTC procedures.
We will be required to repurchase the notes on a date chosen by
us in our sole discretion that is no less than 20 and no more
than 35 business days after the date of our mailing of the
relevant fundamental change repurchase right notice, subject to
extension to comply with applicable law. To receive payment of
the repurchase price, you must either effect book-entry transfer
or deliver the notes, together with necessary endorsements, to
the office of the paying agent after delivery of the repurchase
notice. Holders will receive payment of the repurchase price
promptly following the later of the repurchase date or the time
of book-entry transfer or the delivery of the notes. If the
paying
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agent, other than us or a subsidiary of ours, holds money or
securities sufficient to pay the repurchase price of the notes
on the business day following the repurchase date, then:
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the notes will cease to be outstanding, and interest, if any,
will cease to accrue (whether or not book-entry transfer of the
notes is made and whether or not the note is delivered to the
paying agent); and |
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all other rights of the holder will terminate (other than the
right to receive the repurchase price upon delivery or transfer
of the notes). |
We will under the indenture:
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comply with the provisions of
Rule 13e-4 and
Rule 14e-1, if
applicable, under the Exchange Act; |
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file a Schedule TO or any successor or similar schedule, if
required, under the Exchange Act; and |
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otherwise comply with all applicable federal and state
securities laws in connection with any offer by us to repurchase
the notes upon a fundamental change. |
Adjustment to Conversion Rate Upon a Fundamental Change
If and only to the extent that you convert your notes in
connection with a fundamental change described in
clause (2), (3) or (4) of the definition of
fundamental change, we will increase the conversion rate for the
notes surrendered for conversion by a number of additional
shares (the additional shares) as described below;
provided, however, that no increase will be made in the case of
a fundamental change if at least 90% of the consideration paid
for our common stock (excluding cash payments for fractional
shares and cash payments made pursuant to dissenters
appraisal rights) in such fundamental change transaction
consists of shares of capital stock traded on the New York Stock
Exchange or another U.S. national securities exchange or
quoted on The Nasdaq Stock Market or another established
automated
over-the-counter
trading market in the United States (or that will be so traded
or quoted immediately following the transaction) and as a result
of such transaction or transactions the notes become convertible
solely into such common stock.
The number of additional shares will be determined by reference
to the table below, based on the effective date of the
fundamental change and the price (the stock price)
paid per share for our common stock in such fundamental change
transaction. If holders of our common stock receive only cash in
such fundamental change transaction, the stock price will be the
cash amount paid per share. Otherwise, the stock price will be
the average of the last closing sale prices of our common stock
on each of the five consecutive trading days prior to but not
including the effective date of such fundamental change.
A conversion of notes by a holder will be deemed for these
purposes to be in connection with a fundamental
change if the conversion notice is received by the conversion
agent on or after the effective date of the fundamental change
and prior to the 45th day following the effective date of
the fundamental change (or, if earlier and to the extent
applicable, the close of business on the second business day
immediately preceding the fundamental change repurchase date (as
specified in the fundamental change repurchase right notice
described under Repurchase at Option of the
Holder Upon a Fundamental Change)).
The stock prices set forth in the first row of the following
table (i.e., the column headers) will be adjusted as of any date
on which the conversion rate of the notes is adjusted, as
described above under Anti-dilution
Adjustments. The adjusted stock prices will equal the
stock prices applicable immediately prior to such adjustment,
multiplied by an adjustment factor equal to a fraction, the
numerator of which is the conversion rate immediately prior to
the adjustment giving rise to the stock price adjustment and the
denominator of which is the conversion rate as so adjusted. The
number of
S-31
additional shares will be adjusted in the same manner and for
the same events as the conversion rate as set forth under
Anti-dilution Adjustments above.
The following table sets forth the hypothetical increase in the
conversion rate, expressed as a number of additional shares
issuable per $1,000 initial principal amount of notes as a
result of a fundamental change that occurs in the corresponding
period:
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Stock Price ($) | |
Effective Date of |
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Fundamental Change |
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4.91 | |
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6.00 | |
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7.00 | |
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8.00 | |
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10.00 | |
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12.50 | |
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15.00 | |
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20.00 | |
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25.00 | |
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April 10, 2006
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26.6 |
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17.7 |
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13.8 |
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8.8 |
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5.0 |
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2.8 |
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1.8 |
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1.5 |
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1.2 |
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May 1, 2007
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26.6 |
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17.7 |
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12.8 |
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8.2 |
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4.3 |
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2.3 |
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1.5 |
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1.4 |
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0.5 |
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May 1, 2008
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26.6 |
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16.8 |
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11.4 |
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6.7 |
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3.0 |
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1.5 |
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1.4 |
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1.3 |
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0.3 |
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May 1, 2009
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26.6 |
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15.7 |
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9.9 |
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3.7 |
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1.5 |
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1.3 |
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1.4 |
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1.2 |
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0.2 |
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May 1, 2010
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26.6 |
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15.7 |
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8.4 |
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2.4 |
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1.3 |
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1.1 |
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1.0 |
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1.0 |
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0.1 |
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May 1, 2011
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26.6 |
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15.5 |
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7.4 |
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2.3 |
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1.2 |
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1.0 |
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0.7 |
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0.7 |
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0.0 |
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May 1, 2012
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26.6 |
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15.4 |
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6.0 |
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1.2 |
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1.0 |
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0.9 |
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0.5 |
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0.4 |
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0.0 |
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May 1, 2013
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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0.0 |
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The stock prices and additional share amounts set forth above
are based upon a closing sale price of $4.91 on April 4,
2006 and an initial conversion rate of 177.1009 shares of our
common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of notes, which is
equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.65 per
share.
The exact stock price and conversion dates may not be set forth
in the table in which case, if the stock price is:
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between two stock price amounts on the table or the conversion
date is between two dates on the table, the number of additional
shares will be determined by straight-line interpolation between
the number of additional shares set forth for the higher and
lower stock price amounts and the two dates, as applicable,
based on a 365-day year; |
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more than $25 per share (subject to adjustment), no adjustment
will be made to the conversion rate as a result of the
fundamental change; or |
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less than $4.91 per share (subject to adjustment), no adjustment
will be made to the conversion rate as a result of the
fundamental change. |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the total number
of shares issuable upon conversion of a note exceed 203.6660 per
$1,000 initial principal amount of the notes, after giving
effect to the increase in the conversion rate described above,
subject to anti-dilution adjustments described under
Anti-dilution Adjustments.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
We may not, directly or indirectly, consolidate with or merge
into any person in a transaction in which we are not the
surviving corporation or convey, transfer or lease our
properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any
successor person, unless:
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(1) |
the successor person, if any, is: |
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(a) |
a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
United States, any state of the United States, or the District
of Columbia, and |
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(b) |
such person assumes our obligations on the notes and under the
indenture; and |
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(2) |
immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default
or event of default will have occurred and be continuing. |
Notwithstanding the foregoing, we may merge with an affiliate
solely for the purpose of reincorporating in another
jurisdiction.
S-32
Events of Default
Each of the following is an event of default under
the indenture:
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(1) |
a default in the payment of any installment of interest upon any
of the notes as and when the same shall become due and payable,
and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days; |
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(2) |
a default in the payment of all or any part of the principal of
any of the notes as and when the same shall become due and
payable at maturity; |
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(3) |
a default on the part of us in the performance, or breach by us,
of any other covenant or agreement on our part as set forth in
the notes or in the indenture (other than a covenant or
agreement in respect of which a default or breach by us that is
specifically dealt with in the other enumerated events of
default), and continuance of such default or breach without cure
or waiver for a period of 90 days after there has been
given, by registered or certified mail, to us by the trustee, or
to us and the trustee by the holders of at least 25% in
principal amount of the notes at the time outstanding, a written
notice specifying such failure and requiring the same to be
remedied; |
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(4) |
we fail to pay the purchase price of any note when due
(including, without limitation, on any repurchase date); |
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(5) |
we fail to deliver any shares and cash in lieu of fractional
shares upon conversion of notes within the time period required
by the indenture; |
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(6) |
we fail to provide a timely fundamental change repurchase
notice, if required by the indenture, if such failure continues
for 30 days after we receive notice of our failure to do so; |
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(7) |
any indebtedness for money borrowed by us or one of our
subsidiaries (all or substantially all of the outstanding voting
securities of which are owned, directly or indirectly, by us) in
an aggregate outstanding principal amount in excess of
$25 million is not paid at final maturity or upon
acceleration and such indebtedness is not discharged, or such
acceleration is not cured or rescinded, within 10 days
after written notice; |
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(8) |
we fail or any of our subsidiaries (all or substantially all of
the outstanding voting securities of which are owned, directly
or indirectly, by us) fail to pay final and non-appealable
judgments entered by a court or courts of competent
jurisdiction, the aggregate uninsured or unbonded portion of
which is at least $25 million, if the judgments are not
paid, discharged or stayed within 60 days; and |
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(9) |
certain events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of us
or any of our subsidiaries. |
If an event of default, other than an event of default described
in clause (9) above with respect to us, occurs and is
continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in
aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes may declare
the principal amount of the notes to be due and payable
immediately. However, after such acceleration, provided that
such rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree
of a court of competent jurisdiction, the holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes may, under
certain circumstances, rescind and annul the acceleration if all
events of default, other than the non-payment of principal or
interest of notes that have become due solely by such
declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as
provided in the indenture. If an event of default arising from
events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization with respect
to us occurs, then the principal of, and accrued interest on,
all the notes will automatically become immediately due and
payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the
holders of the notes or the trustee. For information as to
waiver of defaults, see Modification and
Waiver below.
In the event of a declaration of acceleration of the notes
because an event of default described in clause (7) has
occurred and is continuing, the declaration of acceleration of
the notes shall be automatically annulled if such event of
default triggering such declaration of acceleration pursuant to
S-33
clause (7) shall have been remedied or cured by us or any
of our subsidiaries or waived by holders of the relevant
indebtedness within 60 days of the declaration of
acceleration with respect thereto and if (a) the annulment
of the acceleration of the notes would not conflict with any
judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and
(b) all existing events of default, except non-payment of
principal or interest on the notes that became due and payable
solely because of the acceleration of the notes, have been cured
or waived.
Subject to the trustees duties in the case of an event of
default, the trustee will not be obligated to exercise any of
its rights or powers at the request of the holders, unless the
holders have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity.
Subject to the indenture, applicable law and the trustees
indemnification, the holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding notes will have the right to
direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding
for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust
or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the notes.
No holder will have any right to institute any proceeding under
the indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or a
trustee, or for any other remedy under the indenture unless:
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the holder has previously given the trustee written notice of a
continuing event of default; |
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the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the
notes then outstanding have made a written request and have
offered reasonable indemnity to the trustee to institute such
proceeding as trustee; and |
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the trustee has failed to institute such proceeding within
60 days after such notice, request and offer, and has not
received from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the notes then outstanding a direction inconsistent
with such request within 60 days after such notice, request
and offer. |
However, the above limitations do not apply to a suit instituted
by a holder for the enforcement of payment of the principal of
or interest on any note on or after the applicable due date or
the right to convert the note in accordance with the indenture.
Generally, the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal
amount of outstanding notes may waive any default or event of
default unless:
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we fail to pay principal or interest on any note when due; |
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we fail to convert any note in accordance with the provisions of
the note and the indenture; or |
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we fail to comply with any of the provisions of the indenture
that would require the consent of the holder of each outstanding
note affected. |
We are required to furnish to the trustee, on an annual basis,
an officers certificate as to whether or not Ciena, to
such officers knowledge, is in default in the performance
or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of
the indenture, specifying any known defaults.
Modification and Waiver
We and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the
notes with the consent of the holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding notes. In addition, the
holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the
outstanding notes may waive our compliance in any instance with
any provision of the indenture without notice to the note
holders. However, no amendment, supplement or waiver may be made
without the consent of the holder of each outstanding note if
such amendment, supplement or waiver would:
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change the stated maturity or reduce the principal amount of or
interest on any note; |
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change the place or currency of payment of principal of or
interest on any note; |
S-34
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reduce the price or change the time at which notes are redeemed; |
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impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any
payment on any note; |
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modify the provisions with respect to a holders rights our
obligation to repurchase notes upon a fundamental change in a
manner adverse to holders, including our obligations to
repurchase the notes following a fundamental change; |
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adversely affect the right of holders under the conversion
provisions of the notes; |
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reduce the percentage in principal amount of outstanding notes
necessary for waiver of compliance with the provisions of the
indenture; |
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modify provisions with respect to modification and waiver
(including waiver of events of default), except to increase the
percentage in principal amount required for modification or
waiver or to provide for consent of each affected holder of
notes; |
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waive a default or event of default in the payment of principal
or interest on the notes, except as provided in the indenture; or |
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modify the ranking or priority of any note in any manner adverse
to the holders of the notes. |
We and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the
notes without notice to, or the consent of, the note holders to,
among other things, cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency
or make any other change that does not adversely affect the
rights of any note holder in any material respect.
Satisfaction and Discharge
We may discharge our obligations under the indenture while notes
remain outstanding if all outstanding notes have or will become
due and payable at their scheduled maturity within one year or
are to be called for redemption within one year and we have
deposited with the trustee or a paying agent an amount
sufficient to pay and discharge all outstanding notes; provided,
however, that the foregoing will not discharge our obligation to
effect conversion, registration of transfer or exchange of
securities in accordance with the terms of the indenture.
Transfer and Exchange
We have initially appointed the trustee as the security
registrar, paying agent and conversion agent, acting through its
corporate trust office. We reserve the right to:
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vary or terminate the appointment of the security registrar,
paying agent or conversion agent; |
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act as the paying agent; |
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appoint additional paying agents or conversion agents; or |
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approve any change in the office through which any security
registrar or any paying agent or conversion agent acts. |
Purchase and Cancellation
All notes surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or
exchange or conversion will, if surrendered to any person other
than the trustee, be delivered to the trustee. All notes
delivered to the trustee will be cancelled promptly by the
trustee. No notes will be authenticated in exchange for any
notes cancelled as provided in the indenture.
We may, to the extent permitted by law, at any time, and from
time to time, repurchase notes in the open market or otherwise
at any price or prices. Any notes repurchased by us may, to the
extent permitted by law, be reissued or resold or may, at our
option, be surrendered to the trustee for cancellation. Any
notes surrendered for cancellation may not be reissued or resold
and will be promptly cancelled. Any notes held by us or one of
our subsidiaries will be disregarded for voting
S-35
purposes in connection with any notice, waiver, consent or
direction requiring the vote or concurrence of note holders.
Replacement of Notes
We will replace mutilated, destroyed, stolen or lost notes at
your expense upon delivery to the trustee of the mutilated
notes, or evidence of the loss, theft or destruction of the
notes satisfactory to us and the trustee. In the case of a lost,
stolen or destroyed note, indemnity satisfactory to the trustee
and us may be required at the expense of the holder of such note
before a replacement note will be issued.
Calculations in Respect of the Notes
We will be responsible for making many of the calculations
called for under the notes. These calculations include, but are
not limited to, determination of the closing sale price of our
common stock in the absence of reported or quoted prices and
adjustments to the conversion rate. We will make all these
calculations in good faith and, absent manifest error, our
calculations will be final and binding on the holders of notes.
We will provide a schedule of our calculations to the trustee,
and the trustee is entitled to rely conclusively on the accuracy
of our calculations without independent verification.
No Personal Liability of Directors, Officers, Employees or
Stockholders
No director, officer, employee, incorporator or stockholder of
Ciena, as such, will have any liability for any obligations of
Ciena under the notes or the indenture or for any claim based
on, in respect of, or by reason of, such obligations or their
creation. Each holder of notes by accepting a note waives and
releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of
the consideration for issuance of the notes. The waiver may not
be effective to waive liabilities under the federal securities
laws.
Governing Law
The indenture and the notes will be governed by, and construed
in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
Concerning the Trustee
The Bank of New York has agreed to serve as the trustee under
the indenture. The trustee will be permitted to deal with us and
any of our affiliates with the same rights as if it were not
trustee. However, under the Trust Indenture Act, if the trustee
acquires any conflicting interest and there exists a default
with respect to the notes, the trustee must eliminate such
conflict or resign.
The holders of a majority in principal amount of all outstanding
notes will have the right to direct the time, method and place
of conducting any proceeding for exercising any remedy or power
available to the trustee. However, any such direction may not
conflict with any law or the indenture, may not be unduly
prejudicial to the rights of another holder or the trustee and
may not involve the trustee in personal liability.
Book-Entry, Delivery and Form
We will initially issue the notes in the form of one or more
global securities. The global security will be deposited with
the trustee as custodian for DTC and registered in the name of a
nominee of DTC. Except as set forth below, the global security
may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to DTC or
another nominee of DTC. You will hold your beneficial interests
in the global security directly through DTC if you have an
account with DTC or indirectly through organizations that have
S-36
accounts with DTC. Notes in definitive certificated form, called
certificated securities, will be issued only in
certain limited circumstances described below.
DTC has advised us that it is:
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a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the
State of New York; |
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a member of the Federal Reserve System; |
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a clearing corporation within the meaning of the New
York Uniform Commercial Code; and |
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a clearing agency registered pursuant to the
provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act. |
DTC was created to hold securities of institutions that have
accounts with DTC, called participants and to
facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities
transactions among its participants in such securities through
electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the participants,
thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities
certificates. DTCs participants include securities brokers
and dealers, which may include the underwriter, banks, trust
companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Access to DTCs book-entry system is also
available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust
companies, called indirect participants, that clear
through or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant,
whether directly or indirectly.
We expect that pursuant to procedures established by DTC upon
the deposit of the global security with DTC, DTC will credit, on
its book-entry registration and transfer system, the principal
amount of notes represented by such global security to the
accounts of participants. The accounts to be credited will be
designated by the underwriter. Ownership of beneficial interests
in the global security will be limited to participants or
persons that may hold interests through participants. Ownership
of beneficial interests in the global security will be shown on,
and the transfer of those beneficial interests will be effected
only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to
participants interests), the participants and the indirect
participants. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that
certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such
securities in definitive form. These limits and laws may impair
the ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in the
global security.
Owners of beneficial interests in global securities who desire
to convert their interests into common stock should contact
their brokers or other participants or indirect participants
through whom they hold such beneficial interests to obtain
information on procedures, including proper forms and cutoff
times, for submitting requests for conversion.
So long as DTC, or its nominee, is the registered owner or
holder of a global security, DTC or its nominee, as the case may
be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the notes
represented by the global security for all purposes under the
indenture and the notes. In addition, no owner of a beneficial
interest in a global security will be able to transfer that
interest except in accordance with the applicable procedures of
DTC. Except as set forth below, as an owner of a beneficial
interest in the global security, you will not be entitled to
have the notes represented by the global security registered in
your name, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical
delivery of certificated securities and will not be considered
to be the owner or holder of any notes under the global
security. We understand that under existing industry practice,
if an owner of a beneficial interest in the global security
desires to take any action that DTC, as the holder of the global
security, is entitled to take, DTC would authorize the
participants to take such action. Additionally, in such case,
the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning
through such participants to take such action or would otherwise
act upon the instructions of beneficial owners owning through
them.
We will make payments of principal of and interest on the notes
represented by the global security registered in the name of and
held by DTC or its nominee to DTC or its nominee, as the
S-37
case may be, as the registered owner and holder of the global
security. Neither we, the trustee nor any paying agent will have
any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial interests
in the global security or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any records relating to such beneficial interests.
We expect that DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment
of principal of or interest on the global security, will credit
participants accounts with payments in amounts
proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the
principal amount of the global security as shown on the records
of DTC or its nominee. We also expect that payments by
participants or indirect participants to owners of beneficial
interests in the global security held through such participants
or indirect participants will be governed by standing
instructions and customary practices and will be the
responsibility of such participants or indirect participants. We
will not have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of
the records relating to, or payments made on account of,
beneficial interests in the global security for any note or for
maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to
such beneficial interests or for any other aspect of the
relationship between DTC and its participants or indirect
participants or the relationship between such participants or
indirect participants and the owners of beneficial interests in
the global security owning through such participants.
Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected in the
ordinary way in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in
same-day funds.
DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be
taken by a holder of notes only at the direction of one or more
participants to whose account the DTC interests in the global
security is credited and only in respect of such portion of the
aggregate principal amount of notes as to which such participant
or participants has or have given such direction. However, if
DTC notifies us that it is unwilling to be a depositary for the
global security or ceases to be a clearing agency or there is an
event of default under the notes, DTC will exchange the global
security for certificated securities which it will distribute to
its participants. Although DTC is expected to follow the
foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of
interests in the global security among participants of DTC, it
is under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such
procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
Neither we nor the trustee will have any responsibility, or
liability for the performance by DTC or the participants or
indirect participants of their respective obligations under the
rules and procedures governing their respective operations.
IMPORTANT UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
This section describes the material United States federal income
tax considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and
disposition of the notes and of the common stock acquired upon
conversion of the notes. This description does not provide a
complete analysis of all potential tax considerations. The
information provided below is based on the Internal Revenue Code
of 1986, as amended, referred to as the Code,
Treasury regulations issued under the Code, published rulings
and court decisions, all as in effect on the date hereof. These
authorities may change, possibly on a retroactive basis, or the
Internal Revenue Service, referred to as the IRS,
might interpret the existing authorities differently. In either
case, the tax consequences of purchasing, owning or disposing of
the notes or our common stock could differ from those described
below.
As used herein, U.S. Holder means a beneficial
owner of the notes or the common stock who or which is:
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a citizen or resident of the United States, as determined for
United States federal income tax purposes; |
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a corporation or other business entity treated as a corporation
for United States federal income tax purposes created or
organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state
thereof or the District of Columbia; |
S-38
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an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal
income taxation regardless of its source; or |
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a trust if (1) a court within the United States can
exercise primary supervision over its administration, and one or
more United States persons have the authority to control all of
the substantial decisions of that trust, or (2) it has a
valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury
regulations to be treated as a United States person. |
As used herein, a
Non-U.S. Holder
means a beneficial owner of the notes or the common stock who or
which is a nonresident alien or a corporation, trust or estate
for U.S. federal income tax purposes that is not a
U.S. Holder.
If a partnership or other entity taxable as a partnership holds
the notes or the common stock, the tax treatment of a partner
will generally depend on the status of the partner and the
activities of the partnership. Any such partnership or other
entity owning the notes or the common stock, and any owner of an
interest in any such partnership or other entity, should consult
its own tax advisor as to the tax consequences of the purchase,
ownership and disposition of the notes and the common stock.
This description generally applies only to investors that
purchase notes for cash in the initial offering at their issue
price, which is the first price at which a substantial amount of
the notes are sold for money to the public (not including sales
to bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations
acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or
wholesalers), and that hold the notes and common stock as
capital assets (generally, for investment). This
description is general in nature and does not discuss all
aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be
relevant to a particular holder in light of the holders
particular circumstances, or to certain types of holders subject
to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax laws
(such as financial institutions, real estate investment trusts,
regulated investment companies, grantor trusts, insurance
companies, tax-exempt organizations, brokers, dealers or traders
in securities or foreign currencies, and persons holding notes
or common stock as part of a position in a
straddle or as part of a hedging,
conversion or integrated transaction for
U.S. federal income tax purposes). In addition, this
description does not consider the effect of any foreign, state,
local or other tax laws, or any U.S. tax considerations
(e.g., estate or gift tax) other than U.S. federal income
tax considerations, that may be applicable to particular holders.
We urge prospective investors to consult their own tax
advisors with respect to the application of the
U.S. federal income tax laws to their particular situations
as well as any tax consequences arising under the
U.S. federal estate or gift tax laws or under the laws of
any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction or under any
applicable treaty or the possible effects of changes in the
United States federal and other tax laws.
Consequences to U.S. Holders
The following is a summary of the U.S. federal income tax
consequences that apply to U.S. Holders of notes or common
stock.
Interest
Stated interest on the notes will generally be included in a
U.S. Holders gross income as ordinary income for
U.S. federal income tax purposes at the time it is received
or accrued in accordance with the U.S. Holders
regular method of accounting.
Sale, Exchange or Redemption of the Notes
A U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss
if the U.S. Holder disposes of a note in a sale, redemption
or exchange (other than a conversion of the note into common
stock). The U.S. Holders gain or loss will equal the
difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder
S-39
and the U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in the note,
except that any portion of the amount realized that is
attributable to accrued but unpaid interest should not be taken
into account when computing gain or loss. The portion of the
amount realized that is attributable to accrued but unpaid
interest should instead be recognized as ordinary interest
income to the extent not previously included in income.
A U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in a note will
generally equal the amount the U.S. Holder paid for the
note if the U.S. Holder is a cash basis taxpayer. The
amount realized by the U.S. Holder will include the amount
of any cash and the fair market value of any other property
received for the note.
Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Holder on a disposition
of the note will be long-term capital gain or loss if the
U.S. Holder held the note for more than one year. Long-term
capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are taxed at lower
rates than those applicable to ordinary income. The
deductibility of capital losses is subject to certain
limitations.
Conversion of the Notes
A U.S. Holder who converts a note into our common stock
will not recognize any income, gain or loss, except for any gain
or loss attributable to the receipt of cash in lieu of a
fractional share. The U.S. Holders aggregate adjusted
basis in the common stock will equal its adjusted basis in the
note (less the portion of the basis allocable to a fractional
share of common stock for which cash is received), and the
U.S. Holders holding period for the stock will
include the period during which the U.S. Holder held the
note. The receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share of
common stock generally will result in capital gain or loss
measured by the difference between the cash received for the
fractional share and the U.S. Holders adjusted tax
basis allocable to such fractional share.
Dividends on Common Stock
If a U.S. Holder converts a note into common stock and we
make a distribution (other than certain distributions of our own
stock) in respect of that stock, the distribution will be
treated as a dividend to the extent it is paid from our current
or accumulated earnings and profits. If the distribution exceeds
our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess
will be treated as a nontaxable return of capital reducing the
U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in the
U.S. Holders common stock to the extent of the
U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in that stock. Any
remaining excess will be treated as capital gain.
Recent legislation provides for special treatment of dividends
paid to individual taxpayers in taxable years beginning before
January 1, 2009. Under this legislation, dividend income
that is received by individual taxpayers and that satisfies
certain requirements is generally subject to tax at a favorable
rate. We are required to provide stockholders who receive
dividends with an information return on Form 1099-DIV that
states the extent to which the dividend is paid from our current
or accumulated earnings and profits.
If a U.S. Holder is a U.S. corporation, it will be
able to claim the deduction allowed to U.S. corporations in
respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations
equal to a portion of any dividends received, subject to
generally applicable limitations on that deduction. In general,
a dividend distribution to a corporate U.S. Holder may
qualify for the 70% dividends received deduction if the
U.S. Holder owns less than 20% of the voting power and
value of our stock.
Constructive Dividends to Holders of Notes or Common Stock
The terms of the notes allow for changes in the conversion price
of the notes in certain circumstances. A change in conversion
price that allows U.S. Holders of notes to receive more
shares of common stock on conversion may increase those note
holders proportionate interests in our earnings and
profits or assets. In that case, those note holders could be
treated as though they
S-40
received a dividend in the form of our common stock. Such a
constructive stock dividend could be taxable to those note
holders, although they would not actually receive any cash or
other property. For example, such a taxable constructive stock
dividend would occur if the conversion price were adjusted to
compensate U.S. Holders of notes for distributions of cash
or property to our stockholders. However, a change in conversion
price to prevent the dilution of the note holders
interests upon a stock split or other change in capital
structure, if made under a bona fide, reasonable adjustment
formula, should not increase note holders proportionate
interests in our earnings and profits or assets and should not
be treated as a constructive stock dividend. On the other hand,
if an event occurs that dilutes the note holders interests
and the conversion price is not adjusted, the resulting increase
in the proportionate interests of our stockholders could be
treated as a taxable stock dividend to those stockholders. Any
taxable constructive stock dividends resulting from a change to,
or failure to change, the conversion price would be treated in
the same manner as dividends paid in cash or other property.
These dividends would result in dividend income to the recipient
to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and
profits, with any excess treated as a nontaxable return of
capital up to the holders basis in the common stock, and
the remainder being treated as capital gain as more fully
described above.
Sale of Common Stock
A U.S. Holder will generally recognize capital gain or loss
on a sale or exchange of common stock. The
U.S. Holders gain or loss will equal the difference
between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder and the
U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in the stock. The
amount realized by the U.S. Holder will include the amount
of any cash and the fair market value of any other property
received for the stock. A U.S. Holders adjusted tax
basis in common stock received upon conversion of a note will
generally be as described above in Conversion
of the Notes. Gain or loss recognized by a
U.S. Holder on a sale or exchange of common stock will be
long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder held the
stock for more than one year. Long-term capital gains of
non-corporate taxpayers are taxed at lower rates than those
applicable to ordinary income. The deductibility of capital
losses is subject to certain limitations.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
When required, we or our paying agent will report to the holders
of the notes and the common stock and the IRS amounts paid or
accrued on or with respect to the notes and the common stock
during each calendar year and the amount of tax, if any,
withheld from such payments. A U.S. Holder may be subject
to backup withholding on payments made on the notes and
dividends paid on the common stock, and on the proceeds from a
sale of the notes or the common stock, at the applicable rate
(which is currently 28%) if the U.S. Holder (a) fails
to provide us or our paying agent (or the broker or other
relevant paying agent) with a correct taxpayer identification
number or certification of exempt status (such as certification
of corporate status), (b) has been notified by the IRS that
it is subject to backup withholding as a result of the failure
to properly report payments of interest or dividends or
(c) in certain circumstances, has failed to certify under
penalties of perjury that it is not subject to backup
withholding. A U.S. Holder may be eligible for an exemption
from backup withholding by providing a properly completed IRS
Form W-9. Any
amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will
generally be allowed as a refund or a credit against a
U.S. Holders United States federal income tax
liability provided the required information is properly
furnished to the IRS on a timely basis.
Consequences to
Non-U.S. Holders
The following is a summary of the U.S. federal income tax
consequences that apply to
Non-U.S. Holders
of notes or common stock. Special rules may apply to certain
Non-U.S. Holders
such as controlled foreign corporations,
passive foreign investment companies, foreign
personal holding companies, certain United States
expatriates and investors in entities that are treated as
S-41
partnerships for United States federal income tax purposes. Such
Non-U.S. Holders and, if applicable, owners of interests in such
Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors to
determine the United States federal, state, local and other tax
consequences that may be relevant to them.
Interest
Interest paid to a
Non-U.S. Holder of
the notes will not be subject to United States federal
withholding tax under the portfolio interest
exception, provided that:
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(1) |
the
Non-U.S. Holder
does not actually or constructively own 10% or more of the total
combined voting power of all classes of our stock; |
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(2) |
the
Non-U.S. Holder is
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(A) |
a controlled foreign corporation that is related to us through
stock ownership or |
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(B) |
a bank that received the note on an extension of credit made
pursuant to a loan agreement entered into in the ordinary course
of its trade or business; and |
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(3) |
the beneficial owner of the note provides its name and address
and certifies, under penalties of perjury, that it is not a
United States person. Such certification is generally made on an
IRS Form W-8BEN or
a suitable substitute form. |
Interest paid to a
Non-U.S. Holder
that does not qualify for the portfolio interest exception and
that is not effectively connected to a United States trade or
business will be subject to United States federal withholding
tax at a rate of 30%, unless a United States income tax treaty
applies to reduce or eliminate withholding.
A Non-U.S. Holder
will generally be subject to tax in the same manner as a
U.S. Holder with respect to interest that is effectively
connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the
Non-U.S. Holder in
the United States and, if an applicable tax treaty so provides,
such interest is attributable to a United States permanent
establishment maintained by the
Non-U.S. Holder.
Such effectively connected interest received by a
Non-U.S. Holder
that is a corporation may in certain circumstances be subject to
an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or,
if applicable, a lower treaty rate.
To claim the benefit of a lower treaty rate or to claim
exemption from withholding because the interest is effectively
connected with a United States trade or business, a
Non-U.S. Holder
must provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS
Form W-8ECI (or a
suitable substitute form), as applicable. Such certificate must
contain, among other information, the name and address of the
Non-U.S. Holder.
Non-U.S. Holders
should consult their own tax advisors regarding applicable
income tax treaties, which may provide different rules.
Conversion of the Notes
A Non-U.S. Holder
who converts a note into common stock will not recognize any
income, gain or loss, except for any gain or loss attributable
to the receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share. Cash
received in lieu of a fractional share on conversion may give
rise to gain that would be subject to the rules described below
with respect to the sale or exchange of a note or common stock.
The
Non-U.S. Holders
aggregate adjusted basis in the common stock will equal the
Non-U.S. Holders adjusted basis in the note (less the
portion of the basis allocable to a fractional share of common
stock for which cash is received), and the
Non-U.S. Holders
holding period for the stock will include the period during
which the Non-U.S. Holder held the note.
S-42
Dividends
Subject to the discussion below of backup withholding, dividends
paid on the common stock to a
Non-U.S. Holder
(including any deemed dividend payments as discussed in
Consequences to U.S. Holders Constructive
Dividends to Holders of Notes or Common Stock) generally
will be subject to a 30% U.S. federal withholding tax,
unless either: (a) an applicable income tax treaty reduces
or eliminates such tax, and the
Non-U.S. Holder
claims the benefit of that treaty by providing a properly
completed and duly executed IRS
Form W-8BEN (or
suitable successor or substitute form) establishing
qualification for benefits under the treaty, or (b) the
dividend is effectively connected with the
Non-U.S. Holders
conduct of a trade or business in the United States and the
Non-U.S. Holder
provides an appropriate statement to that effect on a properly
completed and duly executed IRS
Form W-8ECI (or
suitable successor form).
If dividends paid on the common stock to a
Non-U.S. Holder
are effectively connected with the
Non-U.S. Holders
trade or business in the United States, the
Non-U.S. Holder
will be required to pay United States federal income tax on that
dividend on a net income basis generally in the same manner as a
U.S. Holder. If a
Non-U.S. Holder is
eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty between the United
States and its country of residence, any dividend income that is
effectively connected with a United States trade or business
will be subject to United States federal income tax in the
manner specified by the treaty and generally will only be
subject to such tax if such income is attributable to a
permanent establishment (or a fixed base in the case of an
individual) maintained by the
Non-U.S. Holder in
the United States and the
Non-U.S. Holder
claims the benefit of the treaty by properly submitting an IRS
Form W-8BEN. In
addition, a
Non-U.S. Holder
that is treated as a foreign corporation for United States
federal income tax purposes may be subject to a branch profits
tax equal to 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) of its
earnings and profits for the taxable year, subject to
adjustments, that are effectively connected with its conduct of
a trade or business in the United States.
Dispositions of Notes and Common Stock
Generally, a
Non-U.S. Holder
will not be subject to federal income tax on gain realized upon
the sale, exchange, redemption, conversion or other disposition
of a note or common stock unless: (a) such holder is an
individual present in the United States for 183 days or
more in the taxable year of the sale, exchange, redemption or
other disposition and certain other conditions are met,
(b) the gain is effectively connected with the conduct of a
trade or business in the United States by the
Non-U.S. Holder,
and if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, the gain is
attributable to a permanent establishment (or in the case of an
individual, to a fixed base) in the United States, or
(c) we are or have been a U.S. real property holding
corporation, as defined in the Code, at any time within the
5-year period preceding
the disposition or the
Non-U.S. Holders
holding period, whichever period is shorter. In the case of a
disposition of our common stock, even if we were a
U.S. real property holding corporation, such gain would not
be taxable under the rules described in clause (c) in the
preceding sentence if the common stock is regularly traded on an
established securities market and the Non-U.S. holder owns no
more than 5% of our common stock. We are not, and do not
anticipate becoming, a U.S. real property holding
corporation.
If the first exception (i.e., for an individual present in the
United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of
the disposition) applies, the
Non-U.S. Holder
generally will be subject to tax at a rate of 30% on the amount
by which the Non-U.S. Holders United States-source capital
gains for the taxable year of the disposition exceed its capital
losses allocable to United States sources for such year.
If the second exception (i.e., for gain that is effectively
connected with the conduct of a United States trade or business)
applies, the
Non-U.S. Holder
will be required to pay United States federal income tax on the
net gain derived from the disposition in the same manner as
U.S. Holders, as described above. If a
Non-U.S. Holder is
eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty between the United
S-43
States and its country of residence, any such gain will be
subject to United States federal income tax in the manner
specified by the treaty and generally will only be subject to
such tax if such gain is attributable to a permanent
establishment (or a fixed base in the case of an individual)
maintained by the
Non-U.S. Holder in
the United States and the
Non-U.S. Holder
claims the benefit of the treaty by properly submitting an IRS
Form W-8BEN (or
suitable successor form). Additionally,
Non-U.S. Holders
that are treated for United States federal income tax purposes
as corporations and that are engaged in a trade or business or
have a permanent establishment in the United States could be
subject to a branch profits tax on such income at a 30% rate, or
a lower rate if so specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
When required, we or our paying agent will report to the IRS and
to each
Non-U.S. Holder
any amount paid with respect to the notes and the amount of any
dividend paid on the common stock in each calendar year, and the
amount of tax withheld, if any, with respect to these payments.
Non-U.S. Holders
who have provided the forms and certification mentioned above or
who have otherwise established an exemption will generally not
be subject to backup withholding tax if neither we nor our agent
has actual knowledge or reason to know that any information in
those forms and certification is unreliable or that the
conditions of the exemption are in fact not satisfied. Payments
of the proceeds from the sale of a note or common stock effected
outside the United States by or through a foreign office of a
broker generally will not be subject to information reporting or
backup withholding. However, information reporting, but not
backup withholding, may apply to those payments if the broker
is, for United States federal income tax purposes, one of the
following: (a) a United States person, (b) a
controlled foreign corporation, (c) a foreign person
50 percent or more of whose gross income from all sources
for the three-year period ending with the close of its taxable
year preceding the payment was effectively connected with a
United States trade or business, (d) a foreign partnership
with specified connections to the United States, or (e) a
U.S. branch of a foreign bank or insurance company.
Payment of the proceeds from a sale of a note or common stock to
or through the United States office of a broker will be subject
to information reporting and backup withholding unless the
beneficial owner certifies as to its taxpayer identification
number or otherwise establishes an exemption from information
reporting and backup withholding.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. The amount of any
backup withholding from a payment to a
Non-U.S. Holder
will be allowed as a credit against such holders United
States federal income tax liability and may entitle the holder
to a refund, provided the required information is furnished to
the IRS on a timely basis.
The preceding discussion of certain U.S. federal
income tax consequences is for general information only and is
not tax advice. Accordingly, each investor should consult its
own tax advisor as to particular tax consequences to it of
purchasing, holding and disposing of the notes and the common
stock, including the applicability and effect of any state,
local or foreign tax laws, and of any proposed changes in
applicable laws.
S-44
UNDERWRITING
We and Goldman, Sachs & Co. have entered into an
underwriting agreement with respect to the notes being offered.
Subject to certain conditions, Goldman, Sachs & Co. has
agreed to purchase $300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of
the notes.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. is committed to take and pay for
all of the notes being offered, if any are taken, other than the
notes covered by the option described below unless and until
this option is exercised.
If Goldman, Sachs & Co. sells more notes than the
$300,000,000 aggregate principal amount, Goldman,
Sachs & Co. has an option to buy up to an additional
$45,000,000 aggregate principal amount of notes from us to cover
such sales. Goldman, Sachs & Co. may exercise that
option for 13 days.
The following table shows the per note and total underwriting
discounts and commissions to be paid to Goldman,
Sachs & Co. Such amounts are shown assuming both no
exercise and full exercise of Goldman, Sachs &
Co.s option to purchase an additional $45,000,000
aggregate principal amount of notes.
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Paid by Us | |
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No Exercise | |
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Full Exercise | |
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Per Note
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2.5 |
% |
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2.5 |
% |
Total
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$ |
7,500,000 |
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$ |
8,625,000 |
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We and our executive officers and directors have agreed with
Goldman, Sachs & Co. not to dispose of or hedge any of
our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable
for notes of common stock during the period from the date of
this prospectus continuing through the date 60 days after
the date of this prospectus; however, these agreements are
subject to a number of significant exceptions and, in any event,
may be waived with the prior written consent of Goldman,
Sachs & Co.
We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering
to purchase a call spread option, the exposure for which will be
held by GSFM, an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. In
connection with this call spread option, GSFM will enter into
various derivative transactions prior to, at or after the
pricing of the notes. See Call Spread Option and
Capitalization. Such hedging arrangements could
increase the price of our common stock. GSFM or any transferee
of any of its positions, is likely to modify its hedge position
from time to time during the term of the call spread option, by
purchasing or selling shares of our common stock, our other
securities or other instruments it may wish to use in connection
with such hedging. The effect, if any, of these transactions and
activities on the market price of our common stock or the notes
will depend in part on market conditions and the settlement
methods under the call spread option and cannot be ascertained
at this time, but any of these activities may adversely affect
the value of the notes and our common stock, and as a result,
the value or amount of the common stock you will receive upon
the conversion of the notes.
S-45
In connection with the offering, Goldman, Sachs & Co.
may purchase and sell notes in the open market. These
transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions
and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short
sales involve the sale by Goldman, Sachs & Co. of a
greater number of notes than it is required to purchase in the
offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for
or purchases of common stock made by Goldman, Sachs &
Co. in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.
These activities by Goldman, Sachs & Co. may stabilize,
maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the notes. As a
result, the price of the notes may be higher than the price that
otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities
are commenced, they may be discontinued by Goldman,
Sachs & Co. at any time. These transactions may be
effected in the
over-the-counter market
or otherwise.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. has represented and agreed that:
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(a) |
it has not made or will not make an offer of notes to the public
in the United Kingdom within the meaning of section 102B of
the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) (FSMA)
except to legal entities which are authorised or regulated to
operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorised or
regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in
securities or otherwise in circumstances which do not require
the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to the Prospectus
Rules of the Financial Services Authority (FSA); |
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(b) |
it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will
only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or
inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning
of section 21 of FSMA) to persons who have professional
experience in matters relating to investments falling within
Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act
2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in
which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to us; and |
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(c) |
it has complied with, and will comply with all applicable
provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in
relation to the notes in, from or otherwise involving the United
Kingdom. |
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area
which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant
Member State), Goldman, Sachs & Co. has represented and
agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the
Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member
State (the Relevant Implementation Date) it has not made and
will not make an offer of notes to the public in that Relevant
Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in
relation to the notes which has been approved by the competent
authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate,
approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the
competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in
accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may,
with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date,
make an offer of notes to the public in that Relevant Member
State at any time:
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(a) |
to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate
in the financial markets or, if not so authorised or regulated,
whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities; |
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(b) |
to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average
of at least 250 employees during the last financial year;
(2) a total balance sheet of more than EUR43,000,000 and
(3) an annual net turnover of more than EUR50,000,000, as
shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or |
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(c) |
in any other circumstances which do not require the publication
by the Issuer of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the
Prospectus Directive. |
S-46
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an
offer of notes to the public in relation to any
notes in any Relevant Member State means the communication in
any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms
of the offer and the notes to be offered so as to enable an
investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the notes, as the
same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure
implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member
State and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive
2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in
each Relevant Member State.
The notes may not be offered or sold by means of any document
other than to persons whose ordinary business is to buy or sell
shares or debentures, whether as principal or agent, or in
circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public
within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of
Hong Kong, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating
to the notes may be issued, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere,
which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be
accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if
permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other
than with respect to notes which are or are intended to be
disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to
professional investors within the meaning of the
Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any
rules made thereunder.
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the
Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus
and any other document or material in connection with the offer
or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the
notes may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the notes be
offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for
subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to
persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional
investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures
Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the SFA),
(ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to
Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions,
specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise
pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other
applicable provision of the SFA.
Where the notes are subscribed or purchased under
Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a
corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole
business of which is to hold investments and the entire share
capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of
whom is an accredited investor, or (b) a trust (where the
trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to
hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor,
shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that
corporation or the beneficiaries rights and interest in
that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after
that corporation or that trust has acquired the notes under
Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor
under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or
any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance
with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA;
(2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or
(3) by operation of law.
The notes have not been and will not be registered under the
Securities and Exchange Law of Japan (the Securities and
Exchange Law) and Goldman, Sachs & Co. has agreed that
it will not offer or sell any notes, directly or indirectly, in
Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which
term as used herein means any person resident in Japan,
including any corporation or other entity organized under the
laws of Japan), or to others for
re-offering or resale,
directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan,
except pursuant to an exemption from the registration
requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the
Securities and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws,
regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.
S-47
We estimate that our share of the total expenses of the
offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will
be approximately $300,000.
We have agreed to indemnify Goldman, Sachs & Co.
against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the
Securities Act.
Goldman, Sachs & Co. and its affiliates have, from time
to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various
financial advisory and investment banking services for us and
our affiliates, for which they received or will receive
customary fees and expenses.
LEGAL MATTERS
The legal validity of the notes offered hereby will be passed
upon for us by Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., Baltimore,
Maryland and for the underwriters by Wilmer Cutler Pickering
Hale and Dorr LLP, Washington, DC.
S-48
This prospectus relates to an effective
registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, but is
not complete. You should refer to the accompanying prospectus
supplement or other accompanying offering material for a
description of the securities offered by this prospectus and
other important information.
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Ciena Corporation
Convertible Senior Notes due 2013
This prospectus relates to our Convertible Senior Notes due 2013
that we may offer and sell. The notes will be convertible into
our common stock.
The terms of the notes that are offered, and other information,
will be set forth in one or more supplements to this prospectus,
post-effective amendments to the registration statement of which
this prospectus is a part, or in one or more documents
incorporated by reference herein.
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under
the symbol CIEN.
Investing in our securities involves risks. See Risk
Factors contained in the accompanying prospectus
supplement and in the documents incorporated herein by
reference.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The date of the prospectus is April 3, 2006.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information provided or incorporated
by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus
supplement and any free writing prospectus we may
authorize to be delivered to you. We have not authorized anyone
to provide you with different or additional information. We are
not making an offer to sell the Notes in any jurisdiction where
the offer or sale of the Notes is not permitted. You should not
assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, the
accompanying prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated
by reference herein or therein is accurate as of any date other
than their respective dates. Our business, financial condition,
results of operations and prospects may have changed since those
dates.
You should read carefully the entire prospectus, as well as the
documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus and the
applicable prospectus supplement, before making an investment
decision.
When used in this prospectus, except where the context otherwise
requires, the terms we, us and
our refer to Ciena Corporation.
We have a 52 or 53 week fiscal year, which ends on the
Saturday nearest to the last day of October in each year. For
purposes of financial statement presentation, each fiscal year
is described as having ended on October 31. Fiscal 2002,
fiscal 2003, fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2005 comprised 52 weeks
and fiscal 2001 comprised 53 weeks.
i
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements contained, or incorporated by reference,
in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement
discuss future expectations, contain projections of results of
operations or financial condition or state other
forward-looking information within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Those
statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties
and other factors that could cause the actual results to differ
materially from those contemplated by the statements. The
forward-looking information is based on various
factors and was derived using numerous assumptions. In some
cases, you can identify these so-called forward-looking
statements by words like may,
will, should, expects,
plans, anticipates,
believes, estimates,
predicts, potential, or
continue or the negative of those words and other
comparable words. You should be aware that those statements only
reflect our predictions. Actual events or results may differ
substantially. Important factors that could cause our actual
results to be materially different from the forward-looking
statements are disclosed under the heading Risk
Factors in the accompanying prospectus supplement and are
disclosed in the information incorporated by reference in this
prospectus, including in Item 1A, Risk Factors,
page 36, of our
Form 10-Q for the
fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2006.
We undertake no obligation to update or revise these
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements
and other information with the SEC under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. You may read and copy any reports, statements or
other information on file at the SECs public reference
room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.
Please call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for
further information on the operation of the public reference
room. These filings and other information that we file
electronically with the SEC are available at the Internet
website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
We have filed with the SEC a shelf registration
statement on
Form S-3 under the
Securities Act of 1933 relating to the notes that may be offered
by this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of that
registration statement, but does not contain all of the
information in the registration statement. We have omitted parts
of the registration statement in accordance with the rules and
regulations of the SEC. For more detail about us and any notes
that may be offered by this prospectus, you may examine the
registration statement on
Form S-3 and the
exhibits filed with it at the location listed in the previous
paragraph.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
We incorporate information into this prospectus by reference,
which means that we disclose important information to you by
referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC.
The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part
of this prospectus, except to the extent superseded by
information contained herein or by information contained in
documents filed with the SEC after the date of this prospectus.
This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents set
forth below, the file number for each of which is 0-21969, that
have been previously filed with the SEC (other than, in each
case, documents or information deemed to have been furnished and
not filed in accordance with SEC rules):
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(1) |
Our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended October 31, 2005; |
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(2) |
Our Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for our
first fiscal quarter of 2006; |
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(3) |
Our Current Reports on
Form 8-K filed on
October 31, 2005, November 4, 2005 and March 21,
2006; and |
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(4) |
The description of our common stock set forth in our
registration statement on
Form 8-A filed on
January 13, 1997, including any amendment or report filed
with the SEC for the purpose of updating such description. |
We also incorporate by reference into this prospectus additional
documents that we may file with the SEC under
Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 from the date of this prospectus until we
have sold all of the securities to which this prospectus relates
or the offering is terminated. We do not incorporate by
reference additional documents or information furnished to, but
not filed with, the SEC.
You may obtain copies of any of these filings through Ciena
Corporation as described below, through the SEC or through the
SECs Internet website as described above. Documents
incorporated by reference are available without charge,
excluding all exhibits unless an exhibit has been specifically
incorporated by reference into this prospectus, by requesting
them in writing, by telephone or via the Internet at:
Investor Relations
Ciena Corporation
1201 Winterson Road
Linthicum, Maryland 21090
(410) 865-8500
www.ciena.com
ir@ciena.com
The information contained on our website does not constitute a
part of this prospectus, and our website address supplied above
is intended to be an inactive textual reference only and not an
active hyperlink to our website.
THE COMPANY
Ciena Corporation supplies communications networking equipment,
software and services to telecommunications service providers,
cable operators, governments and enterprises. We are a network
specialist, with expertise in optical networking, data
networking and broadband access networks. Our product and
service offerings seek to enable customers to converge,
transition and connect communications networks that deliver
voice, video and data services. In recent years, we have
expanded our product portfolio and enhanced product
functionality through internal development and acquisition. We
have sought to build upon our historical expertise in core
optical networking by adding complementary products, software
and services to support new high bandwidth applications and
network convergence. This strategy has enabled us to increase
penetration of our historical telecommunications customers with
additional products, and to broaden our addressable markets to
include participants in the cable, government and enterprise
markets.
Our principal office is located at 1201 Winterson Road,
Linthicum, Maryland 21090, and our telephone number is
(410) 865-8500.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We intend to use the net proceeds from sales of the notes to
provide additional funds for general corporate purposes. These
purposes may include repurchases of our 3.75% Convertible
Notes due February 1, 2008. These repurchases may occur at
various prices from time to time.
2
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
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Fiscal | |
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Fiscal Years Ended October 31, | |
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Quarter Ended | |
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January 31, | |
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2001 | |
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2002 | |
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2003 | |
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2004 | |
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2006 | |
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
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Earnings deficiency
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1,706,729 |
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1,486,764 |
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385,261 |
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$ |
788,343 |
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$ |
434,379 |
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$ |
5,992 |
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For the years ended October 31, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and
2005, and the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2006,
earnings are inadequate to cover fixed charges and the dollar
amount of coverage deficiency is disclosed in the above table,
in thousands.
These computations include us and our consolidated subsidiaries.
For purposes of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed
charges, earnings consist of income (loss) before provision for
income taxes, plus fixed charges. Fixed charges include interest
expense on debt and the portion of rental expense under
operating leases that we deem to be representative of the
interest factor.
LEGAL MATTERS
Hogan & Hartson L.L.P., Baltimore, Maryland, will
provide us with an opinion as to the legal validity of the notes
offered hereby.
EXPERTS
The financial statements and managements assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting
(which is included in Managements Report on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this
prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the
year ended October 31, 2005 have been so incorporated in
reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, given on the
authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
3
$300,000,000
Ciena Corporation
0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2013
Goldman, Sachs & Co.