UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010 |
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
OR
¨ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
Commission file number 000-28584
CHECK POINT SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES LTD.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
ISRAEL
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
5 HaSolelim Street, Tel Aviv 67897, Israel
(Address of principal executive offices)
John Slavitt, Esq.
General Counsel
Check Point Software Technologies, Inc.
800 Bridge Parkway
Redwood City, CA 94065 U.S.A.
Tel: (650) 628-2110
Fax: (650) 649-1975
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
Title of each class |
Name of exchange on which registered | |||
Ordinary shares, NIS 0.01 nominal value | NASDAQ Global Select Market |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act. None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act. None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2010. 208,414,687 ordinary shares, NIS 0.01 nominal value
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: Yes x No ¨
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definitions of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
x U.S. GAAP |
¨ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board |
¨ Other |
If Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 ¨
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ¨ No x
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Currency of Presentation and Certain Defined Terms
In this Annual Report on Form 20-F, references to U.S. or United States are to the United States of America, its territories and possessions; and references to Israel are to the State of Israel. References to $, dollar or U.S. dollar are to the legal currency of the United States of America; references to NIS or Israeli shekel are to the legal currency of Israel; references to Euro are to the legal currency of the European Union; and references to Swedish Krona are to the legal currency of the Kingdom of Sweden. Our financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP.
All references to we, us, our or Check Point shall mean Check Point Software Technologies Ltd., and, unless specifically indicated otherwise or the context indicates otherwise, our consolidated subsidiaries.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 20-F are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 20-F that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including, without limitation, statements regarding trends related to our business and our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. These statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results to differ materially from those implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as may, will, could, should, expects, plans, anticipates, believes, intends, estimates, predicts, potential, or continue or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements also include, but are not limited to, statements in (i) Item 4 Information on Check Point regarding our belief as to increased use of Internet technologies, continued expansion of connectivity services, increased threats to the Internet and to data and network security, acceleration of the use of networks, the need and demand for network, gateway and virtual security, the need and demand for flexible and extensible security, the demand for our new blade architecture and adoption of new licensing offerings, increasing demands on enterprise security systems, the impact of our relationship with our technology partners on our sales goals, the contribution of our products to our future revenue, our development of future products, and our ability to integrate, market and sell acquired products and technologies; and (ii) Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects regarding, among other things, our expectations regarding our business and the markets in which we operate and into which we sell products, future amounts and sources of our revenue, our ongoing relationships with our current and future customers and channel partners, our future costs and expenses, the adequacy of our capital resources, share repurchases by us, and dividend payments by us.
Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and our actual results may differ materially from those predicted. Many of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions are described in the risk factors set forth in Item 3 Key Information Risk Factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 20-F. All forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report on Form 20-F are based on information available to us on the date of the filing and reasonable assumptions. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements after the date of the filing, except as required by applicable law.
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ITEM 1. | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS |
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. | KEY INFORMATION |
Selected Financial Data
We prepare our historical consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). The selected financial data, set forth in the table below, have been derived from our audited historical financial statements for each of the years from 2006 to 2010. The selected consolidated statement of income data for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data at December 31, 2009 and 2010, have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements set forth in Item 18 Financial Statements. The selected consolidated statement of income data for the years 2006 and 2007, and the selected consolidated balance sheet data at December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, have been derived from our previously published audited consolidated financial statements, which are not included in this Annual Report on Form 20-F. These selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, and are qualified entirely by reference to such consolidated financial statements.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Income Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 575,141 | $ | 730,877 | $ | 808,490 | $ | 924,417 | $ | 1,097,868 | ||||||||||
Operating expenses (*): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
36,431 | 82,301 | 92,609 | 133,270 | 163,973 | |||||||||||||||
Research and development |
62,210 | 80,982 | 91,629 | 89,743 | 105,748 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
157,114 | 217,491 | 214,439 | 220,877 | 235,301 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
43,503 | 53,527 | 53,313 | 56,409 | 57,244 | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs |
| | | 9,101 | 588 | |||||||||||||||
Acquired in-process R&D |
1,060 | 17,000 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
300,318 | 451,301 | 451,990 | 509,400 | 562,854 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income |
274,823 | 279,576 | 356,500 | 415,017 | 535,014 | |||||||||||||||
Financial income, net |
63,647 | 49,725 | 40,876 | 32,058 | 30,164 | |||||||||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment, net of gain on sale of marketable securities previously impaired (**) |
| | (11,221 | ) | (1,277 | ) | (785 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income before taxes on income |
338,470 | 329,301 | 386,155 | 445,798 | 564,393 | |||||||||||||||
Taxes on income |
60,443 | 48,237 | 62,189 | 88,275 | 111,567 | |||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 278,027 | $ | 281,064 | $ | 323,966 | $ | 357,523 | $ | 452,826 | ||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 1.18 | $ | 1.26 | $ | 1.51 | $ | 1.71 | $ | 2.18 | ||||||||||
Shares used in computing basic earnings per share |
235,519 | 222,548 | 214,361 | 209,371 | 208,106 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 1.17 | $ | 1.25 | $ | 1.50 | $ | 1.68 | $ | 2.13 | ||||||||||
Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share |
236,769 | 225,442 | 216,668 | 212,208 | 212,933 |
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(*) | Including pre-tax charges for amortization of intangible assets, acquisition related expenses and stock-based compensation in the following items: |
Amortization of intangible assets and acquisition related expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
$ | 5,414 | $ | 27,724 | $ | 24,554 | $ | 28,224 | $ | 32,826 | ||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
604 | 12,260 | 12,428 | 22,429 | 16,309 | |||||||||||||||
Research and Development |
| | | | 2,741 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
927 | | | |
Stock-based compensation |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
$ | 39 | $ | 65 | $ | 48 | $ | 47 | $ | 49 | ||||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
470 | 668 | 684 | 641 | 984 | |||||||||||||||
Research and development |
9,371 | 4,309 | 5,037 | 6,649 | 7,325 | |||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
7,997 | 8,780 | 6,855 | 5,032 | 7,279 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
18,515 | 20,230 | 19,703 | 18,538 | 19,543 |
(**) | The year ended December 31, 2008 includes a write down of $11.2 million of marketable securities. The year ended December 31, 2009 includes a write down of $3.1 million related to auction rates securities, net of a $1.8 million gain on the sale of marketable securities that were written down in 2008. The year ended December 31, 2010 includes a write down of $0.8 million of marketable securities. |
December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Working capital |
$ | 967,805 | $ | 692,316 | $ | 791,976 | $ | 648,944 | $ | 753,672 | ||||||||||
Total assets |
2,080,793 | 2,368,575 | 2,593,616 | 3,069,594 | 3,605,302 | |||||||||||||||
Shareholders equity |
1,711,533 | 1,856,955 | 2,015,865 | 2,319,718 | 2,719,331 | |||||||||||||||
Capital stock |
423,155 | 465,104 | 504,182 | 528,648 | 581,050 |
Risk Factors
If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our ordinary shares could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business and Our Market
If the market for information and network security solutions does not continue to grow, our business will be adversely affected
The market for information and network security solutions may not continue to grow. Continued growth of this market will depend, in large part, upon:
| the continued expansion of Internet usage and the number of organizations adopting or expanding intranets; |
| the ability of their respective infrastructures to support an increasing number of users and services; |
| the continued development of new and improved services for implementation across the Internet and between the Internet and intranets; |
| the adoption of data security measures as it pertains to data encryption and data loss prevention technologies; |
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| government regulation of the Internet and governmental and non-governmental requirements and standards with respect to data security and privacy; and |
| general economic conditions in the markets in which we, our customers and our suppliers operate. |
In 2010, economies around the world and financial markets improved but concern continued caused by a multitude of factors, including adverse credit conditions, intermittent slower economic activity, concerns about inflation and deflation, fluctuating energy costs, decreased consumer confidence, reduced capital spending, adverse business conditions and liquidity concerns and other factors. During this period, many companies reduced expenditures, and a significant proportion of such companies have remained reluctant to increase expenditures as the economy has improved. If adverse economic conditions return, it may cause our customers to again reduce or postpone their technology spending significantly, which could result in reductions in sales of our products, longer sales cycles, slower adoption of new technologies and increased price competition.
Further, if the necessary infrastructure or complementary products and services are not developed in a timely manner and, consequently, the enterprise security, data security, Internet, or intranet markets fail to grow or grow more slowly than we currently anticipate, our business, operating results, and financial condition may be materially adversely affected. Additional details are provided in Item 4 Information on Check Point.
We may not be able to successfully compete which could adversely affect our business and results of operations
The market for information and network security solutions is intensely competitive and we expect that competition will continue to increase in the future. Our competitors include Cisco Systems, Inc., Juniper Networks, Inc., Fortinet Inc., SonicWall Inc., WatchGuard Technologies, Inc., McAfee, Inc. (which was recently acquired by Intel Corporation) and other companies in the network security space. We also compete with several other companies, including Microsoft Corporation, Symantec Corporation and IBM Corporation with respect to specific products that we offer. There are hundreds of small and large companies that offer security products and services that we may compete with from time to time.
Some of our current and potential competitors have various advantages over us, including longer operating histories; access to larger customer bases; significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources; a broader portfolio of products, applications and services; and larger patent and intellectual property portfolios. As a result, they may be able to adapt better than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, or to devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products. Furthermore, some of our competitors with more diversified product portfolios and larger customer bases may be better able to withstand a reduction in spending on information and network security solutions, as well as a general slowdown or recession in economic conditions in the markets in which they operate. In addition, some of our competitors have greater financial resources than we do, and they have offered, and in the future may offer, their products at lower prices than we do, particularly when economic conditions are weak, which may cause us to lose sales or to reduce our prices in response to competition.
In addition, consolidation in the markets in which we compete may affect our competitive position. This is particularly true in circumstances where customers are seeking to obtain a broader set of products and services than we are able to provide.
The markets in which we compete also include many niche competitors, generally smaller companies at a relatively early stage of operations, which are focused on specific Internet and data security needs. These companies specialized focus may enable them to adapt better than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements in their specific areas of focus. In addition, some of these companies can invest relatively large resources on very specific technologies or customer segments. The effect of these companies activities in the market may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any of which will materially adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition.
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Further, vendors of operating system software, networking hardware or central processing units, or CPUs, may enhance their products to include functionality that is currently provided by our products. The widespread inclusion of similar functionality to that which is offered by our solutions, as standard features of operating system software and networking hardware could significantly reduce the demand for our products, particularly if the quality of such functionality were comparable to that of our products. Furthermore, even if the network or application security functionality provided as standard features by operating systems software and networking hardware is more limited than that of our solutions, a significant number of customers may elect to accept more limited functionality in lieu of purchasing additional products.
We may not be able to continue competing successfully against our current and future competitors, and increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and operating margins, reduced net income, and loss of market share, any of which will materially adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. If any of the events described above occur, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Additional details are provided in Item 4 Information on Check Point.
If we fail to enhance our existing products, develop or acquire new and more technologically advanced products, or fail to successfully commercialize these products, our business and results of operations will suffer
The information and network security industry is characterized by rapid technological advances, changes in customer requirements, frequent new product introductions and enhancements, and evolving industry standards in computer hardware and software technology. In particular, the markets for data security, Internet, and intranet applications are rapidly evolving. As a result, we must continually change and improve our products in response to changes in operating systems, application software, computer and communications hardware, networking software, programming tools, and computer language technology. Further, we must continuously improve our products to protect our customers data and networks from evolving security threats.
Our future operating results will depend upon our ability to enhance our current products and to develop and introduce new products on a timely basis; to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers; and to keep pace with technological developments, new competitive product offerings, and emerging industry standards. Our competitors introduction of products embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards may render our existing products obsolete or unmarketable. While we have historically been successful in developing, acquiring, and marketing new products and product enhancements that respond to technological change and evolving industry standards, we may not be able to continue to do so. In addition, we may experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development, introduction, and marketing of these products, as well as the integration of acquired products. Furthermore, our new products or product enhancements may not adequately meet the requirements of the marketplace or achieve market acceptance. In some cases, a new product or product enhancements may negatively affect sales of our existing products. If we do not respond adequately to the need to develop and introduce new products or enhancements of existing products in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements, our business, operating results and financial condition may be materially adversely affected. Additional details are provided in Item 4 Information on Check Point and under the caption We may not be able to successfully compete in this Item 3 Key Information Risk Factors.
Product defects may increase our costs and impair the market acceptance of our products and technology
Our products are complex and must meet stringent quality requirements. They may contain undetected hardware or software errors or defects, especially when new or acquired products are introduced or when new versions are released. In particular, the personal computer hardware environment is characterized by a wide variety of non-standard configurations that make pre-release testing for programming or compatibility errors very difficult and time-consuming. We may need to divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our research and development efforts to address instances of errors or defects. In addition, we may in the future incur costs associated with warranty claims.
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Our products are used to deploy and manage Internet security and protect information, which may be critical to organizations. As a result, the sale and support of our products entails the risk of product liability and related claims. We do not know whether, in the future, we will be subject to liability claims or litigation for damages related to product errors, or will experience delays as a result of these errors. Our sales agreements and product licenses typically contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential product liability or related claims. In selling our products, we rely primarily on shrink wrap licenses that are not signed by the end user, and for this and other reasons, these licenses may be unenforceable under the laws of some jurisdictions. As a result, the limitation of liability provisions contained in these licenses may not be effective. Although we maintain product liability insurance for most of our products, the coverage limits of these policies may not provide sufficient protection against an asserted claim. If litigation were to arise, it could, regardless of its outcome, result in substantial expense to us, significantly divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, and disrupt or otherwise severely impact our relationships with current and potential customers. In addition, if any of our products fail to meet specifications or have reliability, quality or compatibility problems, our reputation could be damaged significantly and customers might be reluctant to buy our products, which could result in a decline in revenues, a loss of existing customers, and difficulty attracting new customers.
We are subject to risks relating to acquisitions
We have made acquisitions in the past and we may make additional acquisitions in the future. The pursuit of acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated.
Competition within our industry for acquisitions of businesses, technologies, assets and product lines has been, and may in the future continue to be, intense. As such, even if we are able to identify an acquisition that we would like to consummate, we may not be able to complete the acquisition on commercially reasonable terms or because the target is acquired by another company. Furthermore, in the event that we are able to identify and consummate any future acquisitions, we could:
| issue equity securities which would dilute current shareholders percentage ownership; |
| incur substantial debt; |
| assume contingent liabilities; or |
| expend significant cash. |
These financing activities or expenditures could harm our business, operating results and financial condition or the price of our ordinary shares. Alternatively, due to difficulties in the capital and credit markets, we may be unable to secure capital on acceptable terms, or at all, to complete acquisitions.
In addition, if we acquire additional businesses, we may not be able to integrate the acquired personnel, operations, and technologies successfully or effectively manage the combined business following the completion of the acquisition. We may also not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including:
| unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition; |
| incurrence of acquisition-related costs; |
| diversion of managements attention from other business concerns; |
| harm to our existing business relationships with manufacturers, distributors and customers as a result of the acquisition; |
| the potential loss of key employees; |
| use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business; |
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| use of substantial portions of our available cash to consummate the acquisition; or |
| unrealistic goals or projections for the acquisition. |
Moreover, even if we do obtain benefits from acquisitions in the form of increased sales and earnings, there may be a delay between the time when the expenses associated with an acquisition are incurred and the time when we recognize such benefits.
We are dependent on a small number of distributors
We derive our sales primarily through indirect channels. During 2010, we derived approximately 59% of our sales from our 10 largest distributors, with the largest distributor accounting for approximately 18% of our sales, and the second largest distributor accounting for approximately 17% of our sales. In each of 2009 and 2010, these two distributors accounted for approximately 35% of our sales in the aggregate. We expect that a small number of distributors will continue to generate a significant portion of our sales. Furthermore, there has been an industry trend toward consolidation among distributors, and we expect this trend to continue in the near future which could further increase our reliance on a small number of distributors for a significant portion of our sales. If these distributors reduce the amount of their purchases from us for any reason, including because they choose to focus their efforts on the sales of the products of our competitors, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Our future success is highly dependent upon our ability to establish and maintain successful relationships with our distributors. In addition, we rely on these entities to provide many of the training and support services for our products and equipment. Accordingly, our success depends in large part on the effective performance of these distributors. Recruiting and retaining qualified distributors and training them in our technology and products requires significant time and resources. Further, we have no long-term contracts or minimum purchase commitments with any of our distributors, and our contracts with these distributors do not prohibit them from offering products or services that compete with ours. Our competitors may be effective in providing incentives to existing and potential distributors to favor their products or to prevent or reduce sales of our products. Our distributors may choose not to offer our products exclusively or at all. Our failure to establish and maintain successful relationships with distributors would likely materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
We purchase several key components and finished products from sole or limited sources, and we are increasingly dependent on contract manufacturers for our hardware products.
Many components, subassemblies and modules necessary for the manufacture or integration of our hardware products are obtained from a sole supplier or a limited group of suppliers. Our reliance on sole or limited suppliers, particularly foreign suppliers, and our reliance on subcontractors involves several risks, including a potential inability to obtain an adequate supply of required components, subassemblies or modules and limited control over pricing, quality and timely delivery of components, subassemblies or modules. Replacing suppliers may be difficult and could result in an inability or delay in producing designated hardware products. Substantial delays would have a material adverse impact on our business.
Managing our supplier and contractor relationships is particularly difficult during time periods in which we introduce new products and during time periods in which demand for our products is increasing, especially if demand increases more quickly than we expect.
We are dependent on a limited number of product families
Currently, we derive the majority of our revenues from sales of integrated appliances and Internet security products primarily under our UTM-1, Power-1, IP Series and related brands, as well as related revenues from software updates, maintenance and other services. We expect that this concentration of revenues from a small
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number of product families will continue for the foreseeable future. Endpoint security products and associated software updates, maintenance and support services represent an additional revenue source. Our future growth depends heavily on our ability to effectively develop and sell new and acquired products as well as add new features to existing products. For more details, see Item 4 Information on Check Point and Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
We incorporate third party technology in our products, which may make us dependent on the providers of these technologies and expose us to potential intellectual property claims
Our products contain certain technology that we license from other companies. Third party developers or owners of technologies may not be willing to enter into, or renew, license agreements with us regarding technologies that we may wish to incorporate in our products, either on acceptable terms or at all. If we cannot obtain licenses to these technologies, we may be at a disadvantage compared with our competitors who are able to license these technologies. In addition, when we do obtain licenses to third party technologies that we did not develop, we may have little or no ability to determine in advance whether the technology infringes the intellectual property rights of others. Our suppliers and licensors may not be required or may not be able to indemnify us in the event that a claim of infringement is asserted against us, or they may be required to indemnify us only up to a maximum amount, above which we would be responsible for any further costs or damages. Any failure to obtain licenses to intellectual property or any exposure to liability as a result of incorporating third party technology into our products could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financing condition.
We incorporate open source technology in our products which may expose us to liability and have a material impact on our product development and sales
Some of our products utilize open source technologies. These technologies are licensed to us under varying license structures, including the General Public License. If we have improperly integrated, or in the future improperly integrate software that is subject to such licenses into our products, in such a way that our software becomes subject to the General Public License, we may be required to disclose our own source code to the public. This could enable our competitors to eliminate any technological advantage that our products may have over theirs. Any such requirement to disclose our source code or other confidential information related to our products could materially and adversely affect our competitive position and impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We are the defendants in various lawsuits and are also subject to certain tax disputes and governmental proceedings, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition
We operate our business in various countries, and accordingly attempt to utilize an efficient operating model to structure our tax payments based on the laws in the countries in which we operate. This can cause disputes between us and various tax authorities in different parts of the world.
In particular, following audits of our 2002 through 2005 corporate tax returns, the Israeli Tax Authority (the ITA) issued orders challenging our positions on several issues, including matters such as the usage of funds earned by our approved enterprise for investments outside of Israel, deductibility of employee stock options expenses, withholding on buy-back percentage of foreign ownership of our shares, taxation of interest earned outside of Israel and deductibility of research and development expenses. The largest amount in dispute relates to the treatment of financial income on cash that is held and managed by our wholly-owned Singapore subsidiary, which the ITA is seeking to tax in Israel. In an additional challenge to this amount, the ITA reclassified the transfer of funds from Check Point to our subsidiary in Singapore as a dividend for purposes of the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, which would result in tax on the funds transferred. The ITA orders also contest our positions on various other issues. The ITA therefore demanded the payment of additional taxes in the aggregate amount of NIS 1,412 million with respect to these four years (this amount includes interest through the
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respective assessment dates). We have appealed the orders relating to all four years with the Tel Aviv District Court, and these appeals are pending. There can be no assurance that the court will accept our positions on these matters or others and, in such an event, we may record additional tax expenses if these matters are settled for amounts in excess of our current provisions. In addition, the ITA has issued preliminary assessments for 2006 and 2007 in which it demanded the payment of additional taxes in the aggregate amount of NIS 410 million with respect to these two years, including interest through the assessment date of August 2, 2009. We have filed objections to these assessments and the ITA is currently conducting a re-examination. There can be no assurance that the ITA will accept our positions on matters raised and, if it does not, an order will be issued.
We are currently named as a defendant in four patent related lawsuits. All of the lawsuits were filed against multiple security vendors and all of the plaintiffs are non-practicing entities. They are businesses established to hold the patents and they are seeking monetary damages by alleging that a product feature infringes a patent. We currently intend to vigorously defend these claims. However, as with most litigation, the outcome is difficult to determine.
In the first quarter of 2011, we settled all litigation relating to our SofaWare subsidiary. As part of the settlement we acquired the SofaWare shares held by its co-founders, bringing our total SofaWare holdings to almost 90% of the outstanding shares. We are currently in the process of acquiring the remaining shares, and we expect that SofaWare will become a wholly-owned subsidiary.
Further, we are the defendant in various other lawsuits, including employment-related litigation claims, lease termination claims and other legal proceedings in the normal course of our business. Litigation and governmental proceedings can be expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations, and can require extensive management attention and resources, regardless of their merit. While we currently intend to defend the aforementioned matters vigorously, we cannot predict the results of complex legal proceedings, and an unfavorable resolution of a lawsuit or proceeding could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. See also Item 8 Financial Information under the caption Legal Proceedings.
Class action litigation due to stock price volatility or other factors could cause us to incur substantial costs and divert our managements attention and resources
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a public companys securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company. Companies such as ours in the technology industry are particularly vulnerable to this kind of litigation as a result of the volatility of their stock prices. We have been named as a defendant in this type of litigation in the past. Any litigation of this sort could result in substantial costs and a diversion of managements attention and resources.
We may not be able to successfully protect our intellectual property rights
We seek to protect our proprietary technology by relying on a combination of statutory as well as common law copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures, and contractual provisions as indicated below in the section entitled Proprietary Rights in Item 4 Information on Check Point. We have certain patents in the United States and in several other countries, as well as pending patent applications. We cannot assure you that pending patent applications will be issued, either at all or within the scope of the patent claims that we have submitted. In addition, someone else may challenge our patents and these patents may be found invalid. Furthermore, others may develop technologies that are similar to or better than ours, or may work around any patents issued to us. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, others may copy aspects of our products or obtain and use information that we consider proprietary. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, Israel or Sweden. Our efforts to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate and our competitors may independently develop technology that is similar to our technology. If we are unable to secure, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights, such failure could harm our brand and adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
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If a third-party asserts that we are infringing its intellectual property, whether successful or not, it could subject us to costly and time-consuming litigation or expensive licenses, which could harm our business
There is considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in our industry. Our success depends, in part, upon our ability not to infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others. Our competitors, as well as a number of other entities and individuals, own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our industry. From time to time, third parties may claim that we are infringing upon their intellectual property rights, and we may be found to be infringing upon such rights. As noted above, we are currently named in four patent-related intellectual property lawsuits. In addition, third-parties have in the past sent us correspondence regarding their intellectual property and in the future we may receive claims that our products infringe or violate their intellectual property rights. Furthermore, we may be unaware of the intellectual property rights of others that may cover some or all of our technology or products. Any claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or royalty payments, prevent us from selling our products, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. In addition, we may decide to pay substantial settlement costs and/or licensing fees in connection with any claim or litigation, whether or not successfully asserted against us. Even if we were to prevail, any litigation regarding our intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming and divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations. As such, third-party claims with respect to intellectual property may increase our cost of goods sold or reduce the sales of our products, and may have a material and adverse effect on our business.
We are exposed to various legal, business, political and economic risks associated with international operations; these risks could increase our costs, reduce future growth opportunities and affect our results of operations
We sell our products worldwide, and we generate a significant portion of our revenue outside the United States. We intend to continue to expand our international operations, which will require significant management attention and financial resources. In order to continue to expand worldwide, we will need to establish additional operations, hire additional personnel and recruit additional channel partners, internationally. To the extent that we are unable to do so effectively, our growth is likely to be limited and our business, operating results and financial condition may be materially adversely affected.
Our international revenues and operations subject us to many potential risks inherent in international business activities, including, but not limited to:
| technology import and export license requirements; |
| costs of localizing our products for foreign countries, and the lack of acceptance of localized products in foreign countries; |
| trade restrictions; |
| imposition of or increases in tariffs or other payments on our revenues in these markets; |
| changes in regulatory requirements; |
| greater difficulty in protecting intellectual property; |
| difficulties in managing our overseas subsidiaries and our international operations; |
| declines in general economic conditions; |
| political instability and civil unrest which could discourage investment and complicate our dealings with governments; |
| difficulties in complying with a variety of foreign laws and legal standards; |
| expropriation and confiscation of assets and facilities; |
| difficulties in collecting receivables from foreign entities or delayed revenue recognition; |
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| differing labor standards; |
| potentially adverse tax consequences, including taxation of a portion of our revenues at higher rates than the tax rate that applies to us in Israel; |
| fluctuations in currency exchange rates and the impact of such fluctuations on our results of operations and financial position; and |
| the introduction of exchange controls and other restrictions by foreign governments. |
These difficulties could cause our revenues to decline, increase our costs or both. This is also specifically tied to currency exchange rates which has an impact on our financial statements based on currency rate fluctuations.
Compliance with new and changing corporate governance and public disclosure requirements adds uncertainty to our compliance policies and increases our costs of compliance
Changing laws, regulations and standards relating to accounting, corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, new SEC regulations and NASDAQ Global Select Market rules are creating uncertainty for companies like ours. These new or changed laws, regulations and standards may lack specificity and are subject to varying interpretations. For example, many provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act are currently in the process of being implemented through regulatory action. The implementation of these laws and their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs of compliance as a result of ongoing revisions to such governance standards.
In particular, continuing compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related regulations regarding our required assessment of our internal control over financial reporting requires the commitment of significant financial and managerial resources and external auditors independent attestation on managements assessment of the internal control over financial reporting.
In connection with our Annual Report on Form 20-F for fiscal 2010, our management assessed our internal control over financial reporting, and determined that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010, and our independent auditors have expressed an unqualified opinion over the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of such period. However, we will undertake management assessments of our internal control over financial reporting in connection with each annual report, and any deficiencies uncovered by these assessments or any inability of our auditors to issue an unqualified report could harm our reputation and the price of our ordinary shares.
If we fail to comply with new or changed laws or regulations, our business and reputation may be harmed.
A small number of shareholders own a substantial portion of our ordinary shares, and they may make decisions with which you or others may disagree
As of January 31, 2011, our directors and executive officers owned approximately 21.8% of the voting power of our outstanding ordinary shares, or 24.8% of our outstanding ordinary shares if the percentage includes options currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of January 31, 2011. The interests of these shareholders may differ from your interests and present a conflict. If these shareholders act together, they could exercise significant influence over our operations and business strategy. For example, although these shareholders hold considerably less than a majority of our outstanding ordinary shares, they may have sufficient voting power to influence matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election and removal of directors and the approval or rejection of mergers or other business combination transactions. In addition, this concentration of ownership may delay, prevent or deter a change in control, or deprive a shareholder of a possible premium for its ordinary shares as part of a sale of our company.
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We may be required to indemnify our directors and officers in certain circumstances
We have entered into agreements with each of our directors and senior officers to insure, indemnify and exculpate them against some types of claims, subject to dollar limits and other limitations. Subject to Israeli law, these agreements provide that we will indemnify each of these directors and senior officers for any of the following liabilities or expenses that they may incur due to an act performed or failure to act in their capacity as our director or senior officer:
| Monetary liability imposed on the director or senior officer in favor of a third party in a judgment, including a settlement or an arbitral award confirmed by a court. |
| Reasonable legal costs, including attorneys fees, expended by a director or senior officer as a result of an investigation or proceeding instituted against the director or senior officer by a competent authority; provided, however, that such investigation or proceeding concludes without the filing of an indictment against the director or senior officer and either: |
| No financial liability was imposed on the director or senior officer in lieu of criminal proceedings, or |
| Financial liability was imposed on the director or senior officer in lieu of criminal proceedings, but the alleged criminal offense does not require proof of criminal intent. |
| Reasonable legal costs, including attorneys fees, expended by the director or senior officer or for which the director or senior officer is charged by a court: |
| In an action brought against the director or senior officer by us, on our behalf or on behalf of a third party, |
| In a criminal action in which the director or senior officer is found innocent, or |
| In a criminal action in which the director or senior officer is convicted, but in which proof of criminal intent is not required. |
Our cash balances and investment portfolio have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by market conditions and interest rates
We maintain substantial balances of cash and liquid investments, for purposes of acquisitions and general corporate purposes. Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $2,415 million as of December 31, 2010. The performance of the capital markets affects the values of funds that are held in marketable securities. These assets are subject to market fluctuations and various developments, including, without limitation, rating agency downgrades that may impair their value. During 2009 and 2010, we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment of marketable securities in the amount of $3.1 million and $0.8 million respectively. We expect that market conditions will continue to fluctuate and that the fair value of our investments may be affected accordingly.
Financial income is an important component of our net income. The outlook for our financial income is dependent on many factors, some of which are beyond our control, and they include the future direction of interest rates, the amount of any share repurchases or acquisitions that we effect and the amount of cash flows from operations that are available for investment. We rely on third-party money managers to manage the majority of our investment portfolio in a risk-controlled framework. Our investment portfolio throughout the world is invested primarily in fixed-income securities and is affected by changes in interest rates which have declined considerably. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political conditions. In a declining interest rate environment, borrowers may seek to refinance their borrowings at lower rates and, accordingly, prepay or redeem securities we hold more quickly than we initially expected. This action may cause us to reinvest the redeemed proceeds in lower yielding investments. Any significant decline in our financial income or the value of
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our investments as a result of falling interest rates, deterioration in the credit of the securities in which we have invested, or general market conditions, could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
We generally buy and hold our portfolio positions, while minimizing credit risk by setting maximum concentration limit per issuer and credit rating. Our investments consist primarily of government and corporate debentures. Although we believe that we generally adhere to conservative investment guidelines, the continuing turmoil in the financial markets may result in impairments of the carrying value of our investment assets. We classify our investments as available-for-sale. Changes in the fair value of investments classified as available-for-sale are not recognized to income during the period, but rather are recognized as a separate component of equity until realized. Realized losses in our investments portfolio may adversely affect our financial position and results. Had we reported all the changes in the fair values of our investments into income, our reported net income for the year ended December 31, 2010, would have increased by $15.6 million.
Currency fluctuations may affect the results or our of operations or financial condition
Our functional and reporting currency is the U.S. Dollar. We generate a majority of our revenues in U.S. Dollars, and in 2010, we incurred approximately 35% of our expenses in foreign currencies, primarily Israeli Shekels, Euros and Swedish Krona. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. The exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and foreign currencies has fluctuated substantially in recent years and may continue to fluctuate substantially in the future. We expect that a majority of our revenues will continue to be generated in U.S. Dollars for the foreseeable future and that a significant portion of our expenses, including personnel costs, as well as capital and operating expenditures, will continue to be denominated in the above currencies. The results of our operations may be adversely affected in relation to foreign exchange fluctuations. During 2010, we entered into forward contracts to hedge against the risk of overall changes in future cash flow from payments of payroll and related expenses denominated in Israeli Shekels, Euros, British Pounds and Swedish Krona.
We entered into forward contracts to hedge the fair value of assets and liabilities denominated in Israeli Shekels and other currencies. As of December 31, 2010, we had outstanding forward contracts that did not meet the requirement for hedge accounting, in the amount of $187.7 million. We use derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward and option contracts, to mitigate the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates on accounts receivable and forecast cash flows denominated in certain foreign currencies. We may not be able to purchase derivative instruments adequate to fully insulate ourselves from foreign currency exchange risks, and over the past year, we have incurred losses as a result of exchange rate fluctuations that have not been offset in full by our hedging strategy.
Additionally, our hedging activities may also contribute to increased losses as a result of volatility in foreign currency markets. If foreign exchange currency markets continue to be volatile, such fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could materially and adversely affect our profit margins and results of operations in future periods. Also, the volatility in the foreign currency markets may make it difficult to hedge our foreign currency exposures effectively.
The imposition of exchange or price controls or other restrictions on the conversion of foreign currencies could also have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Foreign currency fluctuations, and our attempts to mitigate the risks caused by such fluctuations, could have a material and adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
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Our business and operations are subject to the risks of earthquakes, fire, floods and other natural catastrophic events, as well as manmade problems such as power disruptions or terrorism
Our headquarters in the United States, as well as certain of our research and development operations, are located in the Silicon Valley area of Northern California, a region known for seismic activity. We also have significant operations in other regions that have experienced natural disasters. A significant natural disaster occurring at our facilities in Israel or the U.S. or elsewhere, or where our channel partners are located, could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, acts of terrorism could cause disruptions in our or our customers businesses or the economy as a whole. Further, we rely on information technology systems to communicate among our workforce located worldwide. Any disruption to our internal communications, whether caused by a natural disaster or by manmade problems, such as power disruptions or terrorism, could delay our research and development efforts. To the extent that such disruptions result in delays or cancellations of customer orders, our research and development efforts or the deployment of our products, our business and operating results would be materially and adversely affected.
Specifically, on March 11, 2011, a massive earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan triggered a devastating tsunami tidal wave, causing damage and destruction. It is too early to predict the long-term impact of this disaster on the economy of Japan and elsewhere.
Risks Related to Our Operations in Israel
Potential political, economic and military instability in Israel, where our principal executive offices and our principal research and development facilities are located, may adversely affect our results of operations
We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel, and our principal executive offices and principal research and development facilities are located in Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in and surrounding Israel may directly affect our business. Since the State of Israel was established in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its Arab neighbors, and recent years have witnessed increased terrorist activity within Israel. Terrorist attacks and hostilities within Israel, the hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah, and Israel and Hamas, the conflict between Hamas and Fatah, as well as tensions between Israel and Iran, have also heightened these risks. Any hostilities involving Israel, a significant increase in terrorism or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, or a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, could materially adversely affect our operations. Ongoing and revived hostilities or other Israeli political or economic factors could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
Recent uprisings in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa are affecting the political stability of those countries. This instability may lead to deterioration of the political and trade relationships that exist between the State of Israel and these countries. In addition, this instability may affect the global economy and marketplace, including as a result of changes in oil and gas prices. Our headquarters and research and development facilities are located in the State of Israel. Any events that affect the State of Israel may impact us in unpredictable ways, and may adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our operations may be disrupted by the obligations of our personnel to perform military service
Many of our officers and employees in Israel are obligated to perform annual military reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces, in the event of a military conflict, could be called to active duty. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence of a significant number of our employees related to military service or the absence for extended periods of military service of one or more of our key employees. Military service requirements for our employees could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
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The tax benefits available to us require us to meet several conditions, and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would increase our taxes.
For the year ended December 31, 2010, our effective tax rate was 20%. There can be no assurance that our effective tax rate will not change over time as a result of changes in corporate income tax rates, changes in the tax laws of the various countries in which we operate and fluctuations in the growth rate of our business. We have benefited or currently benefit from a variety of government programs and tax benefits that generally carry conditions that we must meet in order to be eligible to obtain any benefit.
If we fail to meet the conditions upon which certain favorable tax treatment is based, we would not be able to claim future tax benefits and could be required to refund tax benefits already received. Additionally, some of these programs and the related tax benefits are available to us for a limited number of years, and these benefits expire from time to time.
Any of the following could have a material effect on our overall effective tax rate:
| Some programs may be discontinued, |
| We may be unable to meet the requirements for continuing to qualify for some programs, |
| These programs and tax benefits may be unavailable at their current levels, |
| Upon expiration of a particular benefit, we may not be eligible to participate in a new program or qualify for a new tax benefit that would offset the loss of the expiring tax benefit, or |
| We may be required to refund previously recognized tax benefits if we are found to be in violation of the stipulated conditions. |
Additional details are provided in Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Products under the caption Taxes on income, in Item 10 Additional Information under the caption Israeli taxation, foreign exchange regulation and investment programs and in notes 10b and 11 to our consolidated financial statements.
Provisions of Israeli law and our articles of association may delay, prevent or make difficult an acquisition of us, prevent a change of control, and negatively impact our share price
Israeli corporate law regulates acquisitions of shares through tender offers and mergers, requires special approvals for transactions involving directors, officers or significant shareholders, and regulates other matters that may be relevant to these types of transactions. Furthermore, Israeli tax considerations may make potential acquisition transactions unappealing to us or to some of our shareholders. For example, Israeli tax law may subject a shareholder who exchanges his or her ordinary shares for shares in a foreign corporation, to taxation before disposition of the investment in the foreign corporation. These provisions of Israeli law may delay, prevent or make difficult an acquisition of our company, which could prevent a change of control and, therefore, depress the price of our shares.
In addition, our articles of association contain certain provisions that may make it more difficult to acquire us, such as the provision which provides that our board of directors may issue preferred shares. These provisions may have the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control of us, thereby limiting the opportunity for shareholders to receive a premium for their shares and possibly affecting the price that some investors are willing to pay for our securities.
Additional details are provided in Item 10 Additional Information under the caption Articles of Association and Israeli Companies Law Anti-takeover measures.
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ITEM 4. | INFORMATION ON CHECK POINT SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES |
Overview
Check Points mission is to secure the Internet. Check Point was founded in 1993, and has since developed technologies to secure communications and transactions over the Internet by enterprises and consumers. Eighteen years ago, risks and threats were limited and securing the Internet was relatively simple. A firewall and an antivirus solution generally provided adequate security for business transactions and communications over the Internet. Today, enterprises require many (in some cases 15 or more) point solutions to secure their information technology (IT) networks from the multitude of threats and potential attacks and are facing an increasingly complex IT security infrastructure.
Check Points core competencies are developing security solutions to protect business and consumer transactions and communications over the Internet, and reducing the complexity in Internet security. We strive to solve the security maze by bringing more, better and simpler security solutions to our customers.
Check Point develops, markets and supports a wide range of software, as well as combined hardware and software products and services for IT security. We offer our customers an extensive portfolio of network and gateway security solutions, data and endpoint security solutions and management solutions. Our solutions operate under a unified security architecture that enables end-to-end security with a single line of unified security gateways, and allow a single agent for all endpoint security that can be managed from a single unified management console. This unified management allows for ease of deployment and centralized control and is supported by, and reinforced with, real-time security updates.
Check Point was an industry pioneer with our FireWall-1 and our patented Stateful Inspection technology. Check Point has recently extended its IT security innovation with the development of our Software Blade architecture. The dynamic Software Blade architecture delivers secure, flexible and simple solutions that can be customized to meet the security needs of any organization or environment.
Our products and services are sold to enterprises, service providers, small and medium sized businesses and consumers. Our Open Platform for Security (OPSEC) framework allows customers to extend the capabilities of our products and services with third-party hardware and security software applications. Our products are sold, integrated and serviced by a network of partners worldwide. Check Point customers include tens of thousands of businesses and organizations of all sizes including all Fortune 100 companies. Check Points award-winning ZoneAlarm solutions protect millions of consumers from hackers, spyware and identity theft.
Business Highlights
Details regarding the important events in the development of our business since the beginning of 2010 are provided in Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects under the caption Overview.
We were incorporated as a company under the laws of the State of Israel in 1993 under the name of Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. Our registered office and principal place of business is located at 5 HaSolelim Street, Tel Aviv 67897 Israel. The telephone number of our registered office is 972-3-753-4555. Our companys web site is www.checkpoint.com. The contents of our web site are not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 20-F.
This Annual Report on Form 20-F is available on our web site. If you would like to receive a printed copy via mail, please contact our Investor Relations department at 800 Bridge Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065, U.S.A., Tel.: 650-628-2050, email: ir@us.checkpoint.com.
Our agent for service of process in the United States is CT Corporation System, 818 West Seventh Street, Los Angeles, CA 90017 U.S.A., Tel.: 213-627-8252.
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Industry Background
Several key factors and trends affect enterprise security. These factors and trends include:
| Continuing Evolution of Threats and Attacks. The continuing evolution of threats and attacks is a major factor driving the need for enterprise security. Over the years, these threats and attacks on IT systems have become more sophisticated and targeted. Hackers use technology, the Internet and deception to acquire sensitive information. After new threats, such as drive-by downloads, polluted the Internet in 2009, 2010 saw a number of targeted threats with devastating consequences. Operation Aurora, launched on January 14, 2010, targeted Google and approximately 20 other companies through a vulnerability in Microsoft Internet Explorer. Stuxnet, a Windows-specific computer worm was discovered in July 2010, as the first worm that spies on and reprograms industrial systems, and the first to include a programmable logic controller (PLC) rootkit. Stuxnet was reported to have targeted and damaged certain of Irans nuclear facilities in Natanz. |
| Increased Data Privacy and Compliance Regulation. The mounting number of governmental regulations around the world on data privacy and compliance is also impacting enterprise security. Enterprises need to put in place data security technologies to protect themselves from violating applicable laws regarding data privacy and protection, and to avoid experiencing data loss or data theft which could cause them to suffer reputational harm and governmental sanctions, fines and penalties. |
| Growth in Remote Connectivity. Another factor driving the need for enterprise security is the growing number of people who work remotely or who conduct their activities over mobile devices. Whether remote or mobile, workers need constant connectivity to the enterprise network. The need for increased connectivity has, in turn, expanded the need to safeguard and manage the access to information available over IT networks and to secure sensitive information contained on connected systems. In addition, remote and mobile users are seeking to access private enterprise networks and information from a growing spectrum of endpoint devices, including laptops, PDAs, smartphones, portable media players and removable media storage devices. |
| Rise of Cloud Computing. The rising adoption of cloud computing, or Internet-based computing, whereby shared servers provide resources, software and data to computers and other devices on demand, is another trend that is driving the need for enterprise security. The most common form of cloud computing, known as virtualization, appeals to enterprises as a way to streamline and consolidate their IT infrastructure while reducing costs. New virtual environments and public and private clouds jeopardize enterprises overall security posture if they are not deployed within the appropriate security infrastructure. |
| Growing Complexity in the IT Network. Another key trend affecting IT security is the complexity of deploying, managing and monitoring the many technologies needed to fully secure the enterprise IT network. Each security solution comes with its own management console and requires specific training, stretching IT department resources. Integrated security solutions are sought in an effort to keep the security infrastructure simple to manage yet flexible enough to make changes. |
Check Points Vision for Security
In responses to these various trends and challenges, enterprises have been seeking to add layers of security to their existing infrastructure, multiplying the number of disparate point solutions that they deploy in an attempt to achieve a higher level of protection. Unfortunately, while adding new solutions, enterprises also create more IT infrastructure complexity, leaving them with a nearly unmanageable environment. In February 2011, Check Point announced its new vision, which seeks to redefine security and enable enterprises to address major security challenges with a strong security platform that elevates simplicity as a top priority. Check Points vision, known
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as 3D Security, redefines security as a business process that will allow enterprises to achieve the required level of security while streamlining operations. Check Point 3D Security combines policy, people and enforcement for stronger protection across all layers of security network, endpoint, applications and data. With 3D Security, enterprises will be able to implement a blueprint for security that goes beyond technology to ensure the integrity of all information security within the network.
The three dimensions of Check Points vision are:
| Policy: Security starts with a well-defined and widely-understood policy that outlines the enterprises needs and strategies. Many enterprises today do not have such a policy; and instead, they rely on lists of system-level checks and on a collection of disparate technologies that do not always deliver the desired level of security. |
| People: Users of IT systems are a critical part of the security process. It is often users who make mistakes that result in malware infections and information leakage. Most enterprises do not pay sufficient attention to the involvement of users in the security process, when, in fact, employees need to be informed and educated on the security policy and their expected behavior when accessing the enterprise network and data. At the same time, security should be as seamless and transparent as possible and should not change the way users work. |
| Enforcement: One of main requirements of security is gaining better control over the many layers of protection. Unfortunately, enterprises often find themselves losing control over the disparate policies from various point products. In many cases security systems generate violation reports but do not enforce the policy. Enterprises should and can achieve a higher level of visibility and control by consolidating their security infrastructure, and by using systems that prevent security incidents rather than just detecting them. |
Product Offerings
In an effort to simultaneously address the need for scalable security solutions and the retention of initial investments, Check Point introduced the Software Blade architecture in February 2009. The architecture provides customers with the ability to tailor their security gateways based on their specific needs at any time. It offers enterprises a common platform to deploy independent, modular and interoperable security applications or software blades, such as firewall, virtual private network (VPN), intrusion prevention system (IPS), anti-virus, policy management or event analysis. The new architecture allows customers to select the exact security they need from a library of over 30 software blades, and to combine these blades into a single, centrally-managed solution. Customers can easily extend their security solutions by adding new software blades without the need to purchase additional hardware. This allows our customers to deploy security dynamically, when needed, with lower total cost of ownership, full integration, and on a single management console.
The Software Blade architecture is the foundation of our network, endpoint and security management offerings. In 2010, we introduced new software blades such as Data Loss Prevention (DLP), Application Control, Security Gateway Virtual Edition and Multi-domain software blades to provide a comprehensive set of protections to our customers in the midst of evolving threats and IT trends.
1. Network security gateway software blades and appliances
Our wide range of network security gateways allows our customers to implement their security policies on network traffic between internal networks and the Internet, as well as between internal networks and private networks that are shared with partners. These gateways are available as either appliances or software solutions, providing customers with a broad range of deployment options, including the ability to customize the configuration to best meet their security needs.
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Our security gateway product line includes the following offerings to secure traffic and optimize performance:
Software Blades:
| Firewall software blade Inspects traffic as it passes through security gateways, classifying it based on various criteria, such as source and destination of connection, protocol, services and application used. This provides a means to allow, block and log each connection based on the enterprises security policy. Our firewall technology is based on several key differentiated technologies, including the patented Stateful Inspection technology that allows flexible and programmable classification of network traffic. |
| Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) software blade Monitors the network for malicious or unwanted traffic and is designed to be able to detect and block known and unknown attacks on the network or system. Our IPS software blade is supported by online security update services that provide the latest defense mechanisms, including signatures for the most recent attacks. |
| Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) software blade Provides the means to enable private communication over a network by encrypting traffic between various sub-networks (site-to-site) or individual computers (such as laptops and other mobile devices) and the enterprise network. |
| Antivirus and Anti-Malware software blade Stops viruses and other malware at the gateway before they affect users. Enables screening of specific application protocols such as Web traffic to allow/block access to specific Web addresses based on their content. It also includes screening for viruses to detect downloads of malicious applications. |
| Anti-Spam and Email Security software blade Provides comprehensive protection for an enterprises messaging infrastructure. A multi-dimensional approach protects the email infrastructure, provides highly accurate spam protection, and defends organizations from a wide variety of virus and malware threats delivered within email. Continual updates though a Check Point software update service help to intercept threats before they spread. |
| Web Security software blade Protects users and enterprises by restricting access to an array of potentially dangerous sites and content, blocking inappropriate Web surfing to over 20 million URLs. Content profiles are updated continually through a Check Point software update service. |
| Acceleration & Clustering software blade Delivers a set of patented security acceleration technologies, SecureXL and ClusterXL, that work together to optimize performance and increase security in high-performance environments. These technologies improve overall throughput and reduce latency through several different techniques, such as load balancing and sharing. |
| Advanced Networking software blade Adds dynamic routing, multicast support and Quality of Service (QOS) to security gateways. This software blade makes it easier for administrators to deploy security within complex and highly utilized network environments where performance and availability are critical. |
| Data Loss Prevention software blade Introduced in 2010, it combines technology and processes to pre-emptively protect sensitive information regulatory, confidential and proprietary from unintentional loss. Its unique UserCheck technology brings a human factor to DLP by empowering users to remediate incidents in real-time while educating them on DLP policies. The included MultiSpect technology creates a data classification engine to assist in preventing inadvertent data loss. |
| Application Control software blade Introduced in 2010, it enables enterprises to identify, allow, block or limit usage of thousands of Web 2.0 applications and leverages Check Point AppWiki, one of the worlds largest application libraries with over 90,000 Web 2.0 widgets and more than 4,500 Internet applications, including social networking, instant messaging and media streaming. Enterprises benefit from a unique combination of technology, user awareness with UserCheck and broad application control. |
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| Mobile Access software blade Launched in 2010 as a safe and easy solution to connect to corporate applications over the internet with smartphones, iPhones, tablets, iPads or PC. It provides enterprise-grade remote access via SSL VPN, allowing a simple, safe and secure connectivity to email, calendar, contacts and corporate applications. Users can easily download the Check Point Mobile App on their smartphone free of charge, get an activation code from their administrator and start to access their corporate resource safely. |
Most of our products are sold as predefined bundles of software blades. These systems are offered as software only which run on a variety of operating systems or as appliances that include hardware and software directly from Check Point. Security Software blades that are sold as a service, including the IPS, antivirus and anti-malware, anti-spam and email security, Web security, DLP and Application control are recognized as part of our software updates, maintenance and services revenues.
Appliances:
| Power-1 appliances Enable enterprises to increase security in high-performance environments, such as large campuses or data centers. Our appliances include Firewall, IPsec VPN, IPS, Acceleration and Clustering, and Advanced Networking, to deliver a high-performance security platform for multi-Gbps environments. |
| IP appliances Proven for years in complex networking and high-performance environments, Check Point IP Appliances, formerly Nokia IP appliances, offer customers turnkey security functionality, such as firewall, VPN and Intrusion Prevention (IPS) across a wide range of models. |
| UTM-1 appliances Offer comprehensive all-in-one security designed to deliver out-of-box simplicity that is ideal for small and mid-sized businesses. Built-in security software including firewall, VPN, IPS, antivirus, anti-malware, anti-spam, email security and URL filtering across a wide range of models. |
| Series 80 appliances Introduced in 2010 provides office security by extending Software Blades to offices outside of the network, delivering enterprise-grade security in the industry-leading smallest desktop form factor. |
| Safe@office and UTM-1 Edge N series appliances Targeted at small and medium-sized business, these new appliances include tightly integrated security and networking features, such as Gigabit Ethernet supporting high-performance networking capabilities and seamless 3G and wireless connectivity supporting the latest IEEE 802.11n Wi-Fi standards. |
Virtualization and Cloud Computing:
Consolidating multiple systems into a single hardware platform is a recent trend in the IT industry, including through virtualization. Another related trend is the use of shared computing services to outsource certain IT functions, including through cloud computing. Check Point has multiple offerings for these environments, enabling consolidating up to 250 physical Check Point gateways into a single high performance hardware platform.
| VSX Check Point gateways are available on a virtual security operations platform, enabling enterprises to consolidate multiple security gateways in a single hardware system and to secure virtual server environments. The VSX products that provide this capability are available on certain Check Point appliances, primarily Power-1 and IP Appliances, and are also offered as software which can run on open servers. VSX has been available since 2002. |
| Security Gateway Virtual Edition (VE) VE enables the deployment of a Check Point security gateway within a virtualized server running the VMWare environment and provides security between the various virtual systems on that server as well as through the gateway to other parts of the network. VE was released in late 2008 and updated in August 2010. |
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2. Endpoint security
Our endpoint security offerings provide multiple software blades that run on individual computers connected to the network, such as desktop computers, laptop computers and other mobile devices. These offerings include:
| Firewall & Security Compliance software blade Prevents network attacks on individual computers by blocking internal attacks and the proliferation of network worms within the enterprise IT network, as well as attacks on desktop and laptop computers that are connected to public networks. It also provides information on the compliance of individual computers to the enterprises security policy and allows selective connectivity of devices to the network based on their compliance. |
| Full Disk Encryption (FDE) software blade Fully-encrypts all data stored on a PC, so that unauthorized parties cannot read any data even if they get physical access to the disk drive. |
| Media Encryption (ME) and Port Protection software blade Enables encryption of data stored on mobile devices, such as CDs and DVDs and other external removable media, and allows an organization to control the transfer of information from individual computers to external devices, such as USB memory devices and external hard drives. |
| Remote Access VPN software blade Enables mobile devices to securely access the enterprise IT network by encrypting all traffic and ensuring mobile devices and users are properly authenticated. |
| WebCheck Secure Browsing software blade Segregates corporate data from the Internet with browser virtualization technology and provides advanced heuristics to stop users from accessing dangerous websites. |
| Anti-Malware and Program Control software blade Detects viruses and other malware that try to run on any device and/or circumvent its operation. Program control ensures that only legitimate and approved programs are allowed to run on the endpoint. |
The endpoint security software blades are integrated into a single endpoint security agent with a single client, single interface, single login and single scan. This solution provides security, ease of use and ease of management.
In March of 2010, to respond to the growing number of remote workers, Check Point introduced Check Point Abra. Check Point Abra turns any PC into a secure enterprise desktop, providing the user with access to company emails, files, and applications anywhere, whether offline or online through integrated virtual private network (VPN) connectivity. To safeguard sensitive data stored on Abra, the device utilizes several advanced security measures. Hardware and software encryption protects data at rest and when in use. Program Control regulates the types of applications used by Abra to protect the enterprise network from malware associated with unauthorized applications. Finally, virtualization technology isolates an Abra work session from the host PC, ensuring sensitive data remains on Abra and preventing data loss.
3. Security management
A key element in implementing our security technologies is the ability to effectively manage their deployment while ensuring consistent operations in accordance with an enterprises security policy. Our vision is to provide a single console for security management. This single console simplifies security management and reduces the need for multiple, sometimes conflicting, management systems that require a high degree of specialization and training. The key software blades included in our management offerings are:
| Network Policy Management software blade Provides comprehensive network security policy management via SmartDashboard, a single, unified console. |
| Endpoint Policy Management software blade Enables central deployment, management, monitoring and enforcement of security policy for all endpoint devices across any sized organization. |
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| Logging & Status software blade Delivers comprehensive information in the form of logs and a complete visual picture of changes to gateways, tunnels, and users. |
| Monitoring software blade Provides a complete view of network and security performance, enabling fast response to changes in traffic patterns and security events. |
| Management Portal software blade Extends a browser-based view of security policies to outside groups, such as support staff, while maintaining central policy control. |
| User Directory software blade Enables Check Point gateways to leverage directory servers (LDAP) based user information stores, eliminating the risks associated with manually maintaining and synchronizing redundant data stores. |
| IPS Event Analysis software blade Provides a complete IPS event management system providing situational visibility, easy to use forensic tools, and reporting. |
| SmartProvisioning software blade Provides centralized administration and provisioning of Check Point security devices via a single management console. |
| SmartWorkflow software blade Delivers a formal process of policy change management that helps administrators reduce errors and enhance compliance. |
| Reporting software blade Presents vast amounts of security and network data in graphical, easy-to-understand reports. |
| SmartEvent software blade Turns security information into action with centralized, real-time security event correlation and management for Check Point security gateways and third-party devices. |
| Multi-domain software blades The new software blades announced in August 2010 enable enterprises to segment their security management into virtual domains while consolidating their hardware infrastructure. In addition, the new software blades allow for stronger and better security with the deployment of consistent global policies across all domains. |
We also offer our SMART-1 security management appliances that combine functionality, storage and turn-key deployment into a single device.
Our software blades run in a variety of deployment environments and on platforms that include standard workstations, servers and dedicated appliances. Check Point has both software and dedicated appliance solutions for gateway and management offerings. Check Point offers integrated solutions that are sold and serviced jointly with key partners including Crossbeam Systems Inc. and International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). Different client products run on different client Operating Systems (OS), such as Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Microsoft Windows Mobile, Symbian, iOS and Android.
Technologies
We have developed and acquired a variety of technologies that secure networks, endpoints and information.
| Stateful Inspection technology Our patented Stateful Inspection technology is a premier network security technology. In order to provide accurate and highly efficient traffic inspection, Stateful Inspection extracts and maintains extensive state information, i.e., data that provide context for future screening decisions, from all relevant communication layers. Stateful Inspection runs on a network gateway or an endpoint, such as a PC, and enables our products to inspect network traffic at high speed. Our Stateful Inspection technology can be adapted to new protocols, software applications and security threats. It can be run on a wide range of operating systems. |
| Application Intelligence Provides a set of advanced capabilities that prevents the exploitation of vulnerabilities in business applications, including vulnerabilities in the application code, communication protocols and the underlying operating system. |
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| Security Management Architecture (SMART) A core component of our unified security architecture, SMART enables our customers to configure and manage security policies from a central administrative point. This technology enables the definition and ongoing management of security policies for enterprises of all sizes. This object-oriented architecture maps real-world entities, such as networks and users, to graphical representations that can be manipulated in a database. Integrated monitoring and reporting tools improve the manageability of the system by providing administrators with real-time information on the state of network and security systems. These tools also provide longer term trending information that is useful for periodic security management tasks, such as security audits. |
| Security and Network Traffic Enforcement Based on our Stateful Inspection technology, the INSPECT engine scans all incoming and outgoing traffic at security enforcement points. These are typically located at the network perimeter as security gateways, on critical servers, or inside the network, dividing the network into separate segments. We have developed a broad range of technologies that can be implemented by our INSPECT engine. In addition, third party technologies can be implemented through our Open Platform for Security (OPSEC) framework. |
| SecurePlatform Bundles the Check Point security solutions together with an operating system (OS) in a single package that is easy to deploy. It optimizes the performance of security and operating systems and includes a set of tools that ease setup and network configuration, thus reducing the total cost of ownership. SecurePlatform runs on a variety of open systems, i.e., systems whose key interfaces are based on widely supported standards. |
| ClusterXL Provides high availability and load sharing to keep businesses running. It distributes traffic between clusters of redundant gateways so that the computing capacity of multiple machines may be combined to increase total throughput. If an individual gateway becomes unreachable, all connections are redirected to a designated backup without interruption. |
| CoreXL Enables the intelligent balancing of security traffic loads between multiple cores on multi-core processors. It results in a higher level of performance for integrated intrusion prevention. |
| SecureXL SecureXL is a framework of software and hardware technologies, including third-party technologies, that is designed to increase performance. By using SecureXL, hardware vendors can accelerate the performance of appliances on which our software is installed. With SecureXL, our products can be integrated into high-performance networks typically found in large enterprises and service providers. |
| TrueVector A patented, flexible and efficient software technology for enabling high-performance, scalable and robust Internet security of PCs. TrueVector stops attempts to send confidential data to unauthorized parties by malicious software, such as keystroke loggers and Trojan horses. It monitors all applications running on protected computers, allowing trusted applications to engage in network communications, while blocking network connections by untrusted applications. |
| Full Disk Encryption Secure Pre-Boot Environment Full Disk Encryption (FDE) Secure Pre-Boot Environment (PBE) is a secure, proprietary operating program. PBE, along with FDEs access control and authentication architecture and Multi-Factor Authentication Engine (MFAE), encrypts all information stored on a PCs hard disk, i.e., delivers full-disk encryption. The full-disk encryption technology protects every sector of the computers hard drive, including the operating system files. This prevents successful attacks on the OS and attacks to gain access to sensitive data on the drive. |
| Hybrid Detection Engine (HDE) At the heart of the IPS software blade, the HDE utilizes multiple detection and analysis techniques to detect hostile or suspicious traffic. These techniques include the following: signature-based methods to detect known patterns of attacks targeted at the network and at vulnerabilities within the network; protocol analysis to validate that the traffic construct meets the expected standards; anomaly detection to identify instances where network traffic exhibits abnormal characteristics; OS fingerprinting to determine the OS type of the traffic destination, which ensures |
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proper receipt and processing; multi-element correlation to detect widespread illicit activity launched from the same source address; dynamic worm mitigation whereby rapidly proliferating worms are detected and automatically blocked from spreading within the network; as well as other techniques to deliver comprehensive network protection. |
| Intrusion Prevention with Confidence Indexing Based on several analysis data points for every network traffic flow, the IPS software blade determines a level of confidence that a certain traffic flow is an attack. This function reduces the occurrence of false positives by enabling a more granular prevention policy, which allows exploits to be blocked, without the concern of blocking critical business traffic. |
| Precision Virtualization Virtualizing or emulating a limited set of processes creates a secure segment of the network without the overhead of a full OS virtual machine. This allows powerful but lightweight security just for a targeted area that might otherwise be vulnerable to attacks. WebCheck Secure Browsing software blade utilizes this to provide powerful security for Web-browsing activities. |
| Open Platform for Security (OPSEC) Our OPSEC framework provides a single platform that enables the integration and interoperability of multi-vendor information security products and technologies. The OPSEC framework allows certified third-party security applications to plug into our solutions through our published application programming interfaces. Products that carry the OPSEC Certified seal have been tested and certified for integration and interoperability within the OPSEC framework. |
Revenues by Category of Activity
The following table presents our revenues for the last three fiscal years by category of activity:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Category of Activity: | (in thousands) | |||||||||||
Products and licenses |
$ | 338,317 | $ | 361,633 | $ | 444,400 | ||||||
Software updates, maintenance and services |
470,173 | 562,784 | 653,468 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 808,490 | $ | 924,417 | $ | 1,097,868 | ||||||
Our revenues for the last three fiscal years by geographic area are set out in Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects under the caption Overview.
Sales and Marketing
We sell through a wide network of channel partners, including distributors, resellers, value-added resellers, system integrators and managed services providers. Our agreements with these channel partners are non-exclusive. Almost all of our enterprise sales are to our channel partners and not directly to our end users. Most of our sales to the consumer market are either direct, via our Web sites or through retail stores.
We use various marketing activities and tools to increase awareness and knowledge of our products and to promote sales. These include our corporate Web sites, seminars and tradeshows that we organize and participate in, print media and online advertising, online search optimization and telemarketing campaigns. In addition, in order to encourage trials of our products, we provide current and prospective customers with limited-in-time software evaluation licenses. We have strategic relationships with various hardware partners, including vendors providing server, workstation, appliance and networking products. These include Crossbeam Systems Inc., Dell Inc., Hewlett-Packard Co., IBM, Microsoft Corporation, Siemens AG and SanDisk.
As of December 31, 2010, we had 1,160 employees dedicated to sales and marketing, customer service and support.
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Support and Services
We operate a worldwide technical services organization which provides a wide range of services including the following: (i) technical customer support programs and plans, such as Enterprise Based Support (EBS) and Collaborative Enterprise Support (CES), which provide support for a customers entire Check Point product installed base; (ii) certification and educational training on Check Point products; and (iii) professional services in implementing, upgrading and optimizing Check Point products, such as design planning, security implementation and project management.
Our technical assistance centers in the United States, Israel, Canada and Japan offer support worldwide, 24-hour service, seven days per week. There are employees in additional locations supporting our call centers, as well as call centers operated by third parties (for consumer support only). As of December 31, 2010, we had 296 employees dedicated to customer service and support.
Our channel partners generally provide their customers with installation, training, maintenance and support, while we provide our high-level technical support to our channel partners. Alternatively, our customers may elect to receive support directly from us. As part of our pre-sale support to our channel partners, we employ technical consultants and systems engineers who work closely with our channel partners to assist them with pre-sale configuration, use and application support. In addition, because of the increased demand for our integrated appliance solutions we have expanded our technical support offerings around the world. This includes same and next business day replacements and on-site support availability.
Research and Product Development
We believe that our future success will depend upon our ability to enhance our existing products, and to develop, acquire and introduce new products to address the increasingly sophisticated needs of our customers. We work closely with existing and potential customers, distribution channels and major resellers, who provide significant feedback for product development and innovation. Our product development efforts are focused on providing a unified security architecture that functions throughout all layers of the network and devices that carry data. This includes enhancements to our current family of products and the continued development of new products to address network and data security covering perimeter, internal, Web and endpoint security needs, as well as the integrated management of these solutions. We expect to develop most of our new products internally and also expect to leverage the products and technologies recently acquired upon the acquisition of Nokia Corporations security appliance business and the acquisition of Liquid Machines. We may decide, based upon timing and cost considerations that it would be more efficient to acquire or license certain technologies or products from third parties, or to make acquisitions of other businesses. Research and development expenses were $91.6 million in 2008, $89.7 million in 2009 and $105.7 million in 2010. These amounts include stock-based compensation in the amount of $5.0 million in 2008, $6.6 million in 2009 and $7.3 million in 2010. As of December 31, 2010, we had 802 employees dedicated to research and development activities and quality assurance.
Competition
Information concerning competition is provided in Item 3 Key Information under the caption Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Our Market We may not be able to successfully compete.
Proprietary Rights
We rely on a combination of copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights. We rely on trade secret and copyright laws to protect our software, documentation, and other written materials. These laws provide only limited protection. Further, we generally enter into confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants, customers and potential customers, and limit access and distribution of materials and information that we consider proprietary.
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We have 18 U.S. patents, over 30 U.S. patents pending, and additional patents issued and patent applications pending worldwide. Our efforts to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate and/or our competitors may independently develop technology that is similar but is based on our technology. Additional details are provided in Item 3 Key Information under the caption Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Our Market We may not be able to successfully protect our intellectual property rights.
Effect of Government Regulation on our Business
Information concerning regulation is provided in Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Products under the caption Taxes on income and in Item 10 Additional Information under the caption Israeli taxation, foreign exchange regulation and investment programs.
Organizational Structure
We are organized under the laws of the State of Israel. We wholly own the subsidiaries listed below, directly or through other subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified in the footnotes below:
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY |
COUNTRY OF INCORPORATION | |
Check Point Software Technologies, Inc. | United States of America (Delaware) | |
Check Point Software (Canada) Technologies Inc. | Canada | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Japan) Ltd. | Japan | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Netherlands) B.V. | Netherlands | |
Check Point Holding (Singapore) PTE Ltd. | Singapore | |
Check Point Holding (Singapore) PTE Ltd. US Branch (1) | United States of America (New York) | |
Israel Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. China (2) | China | |
Check Point Holding AB (3) | Sweden | |
SofaWare Technologies Ltd. (4) | Israel |
(1) | Branch of Check Point Holding (Singapore) PTE Ltd. |
(2) | Representative office of Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. |
(3) | Subsidiary of Check Point Holding (Singapore) PTE Ltd. (former name: Protect Data AB) |
(4) | In the first quarter of 2011, we acquired the SofaWare shares held by its co-founders, bringing our total SofaWare holdings to almost 90% of the outstanding shares. We are currently in the process of acquiring the remaining shares, and we expect that SofaWare will become a wholly-owned subsidiary. |
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Check Point Software Technologies (Netherlands) B.V. acts as a holding company. It wholly owns the principal operating subsidiaries listed below, unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes below:
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY |
COUNTRY OF INCORPORATION | |
Check Point Software Technologies S.A. | Argentina | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Australia) PTY Ltd. | Australia | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Austria) GmbH | Austria | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Belrus) LLC | Belarus | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Belgium) S.A. | Belgium | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Brazil) LTDA | Brazil | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Guangzhou office) (1) | China | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Shanghai office) (1) | China | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Czech Republic) s.r.o. | Czech Republic | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Denmark) ApS | Denmark | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Finland) Oy | Finland | |
Check Point Software Technologies SARL | France | |
Check Point Software Technologies GmbH | Germany | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Greece) SA | Greece | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Hungary) Ltd. | Hungary | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Hong Kong) Ltd. | Hong Kong | |
Check Point Software Technologies (India) Private Limited | India | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Italia) Srl (2) | Italy | |
Check Point Software Technologies Mexico S.A. de C.V. | Mexico | |
Check Point Software Technologies B.V. | Netherlands | |
Check Point Software Technologies Norway A.S. | Norway | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Poland) Sp.z.o.o. | Poland | |
CPST (Portugal), Sociedade Unipessoal Lda. | Portugal | |
Check Point Software Technologies (RMN) SRL. | Romania | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Russia) OOO | Russia | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Korea) Ltd. | S. Korea | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Spain) S.A. | Spain | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Switzerland) A.G. | Switzerland | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Taiwan) Ltd. | Taiwan | |
Check Point Yazilim Teknolojileri Pazarlama A.S. (3) | Turkey | |
Check Point Software Technologies (UK) Ltd. | United Kingdom |
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(1) | Representative office of Check Point Software Technologies (Hong Kong) Ltd. |
(2) | 97% owned by Check Point Software Technologies (Netherlands) B.V. and 3% owned by Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. |
(3) | 96% owned by Check Point Software Technologies (Netherlands) B.V., 1% owned by Check Point Software Technologies Ltd., and 3% owned in trust by the directors of Check Point Yazilim Teknolojileri Pazarlama A.S. on behalf of Check Point Software Technologies (Netherlands) B.V. |
Protect Data AB wholly owns the subsidiaries listed below, directly or through other subsidiaries:
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY |
COUNTRY OF INCORPORATION | |
Check Point Software Technologies (Sweden) AB |
Sweden | |
Pointsec Norway AS |
Norway | |
Oy Pointsec Finland AB (1) |
Finland | |
Reflex Software Ltd. (Jersey) |
Jersey | |
Reflex Magnetics Ltd. (2) |
United Kingdom | |
Reflex Software Luxembourg SARL (2) |
Luxembourg |
(1) | The company is undergoing a liquidation process. |
(2) | The company is dormant. |
Check Point Software Technologies Inc. wholly owns the subsidiaries listed below:
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY |
COUNTRY OF INCORPORATION | |
Pointsec Mobile Technologies, LLC. |
United States of America (California) | |
NFR Security, Inc. |
United States of America (Delaware) | |
Zone Labs, L.L.C. |
United States of America (California) |
Property, Plants and Equipment
Our international headquarters are located in Tel Aviv, Israel. We occupy our headquarters pursuant to a long-term lease with the City of Tel Aviv Jaffa, which expires in August 2059. We made a prepayment for the entire term upon entering into this lease and we are not required to make any additional payments under the lease.
Our international headquarters building contains approximately 150,000 square feet of office space. Our international headquarters building is used for administration of our business, as well as sales and research and development. We also acquired the rights to construct an additional building with approximately 130,000 square feet.
In addition, we lease offices in various locations around the world. Our principal office locations in the U.S. are as follows:
Location |
Primary Usage |
Space (square feet) | ||
Redwood City, California |
U.S. Headquarters | 73,127 | ||
Irving, Texas |
Technical support, education and professional services | 26,725 |
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In addition to the above, we lease the following office spaces outside of Israel and the U.S.:
Location |
Primary Usage |
Space (square feet) | ||
EMEA |
Sales, research and development | 42,982 | ||
Americas |
Sales | 29,874 | ||
Asia Pacific and Japan |
Sales | 14,586 | ||
Canada |
Sales and technical services | 11,556 |
Principal Capital Expenditures and Divestitures
For more information regarding our principal capital expenditures currently in progress, see Item 5 Operating and Financial Review and Prospects under the caption Liquidity and Capital Resources.
ITEM 4A. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
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ITEM 5. | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS |
The following discussion and analysis is based on our consolidated financial statements including the related notes, and should be read in conjunction with them. Our consolidated financial statements are provided in Item 18 Financial Statements.
Overview
We develop, market and support a wide range of software and combined hardware and software products and services for IT security and offer our customers an extensive portfolio of network and gateway security solutions, data and endpoint security solutions and management solutions. Our solutions operate under a unified security architecture that enables end-to-end security with a single line of unified security gateways and allow a single agent for all endpoint security. We also provide unified management which allows for ease of deployment and centralized control and is supported by and reinforced with real-time security updates. Our products and services are sold to enterprises, service providers, small and medium sized businesses and consumers. Our Open Platform for Security (OPSEC) framework allows customers to extend the capabilities of our products and services with third-party hardware and security software applications. Our products are sold, integrated and serviced by a network of channel partners worldwide.
On April 13, 2009, we completed the acquisition of the security appliance business of Nokia Corporation (Nokia) pursuant to the terms of an Asset Purchase Agreement entered into on December 22, 2008. Prior to the completion of the acquisition, Check Point had collaborated with Nokias security appliance business over the past decade to deliver industry-leading enterprise security solutions. Since completing the acquisition, we have been building upon this collaboration to provide an extended security appliance portfolio that is developed, and supported by Check Point.
On November 23, 2009, we completed the acquisition of the FaceTime application and signature database from FaceTime Communications, Inc. We plan to utilize the database to bring greater detail on application use to the security of the gateway.
On June 9, 2010, we completed the acquisition of Liquid Machines, Inc., a US-based company headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts, and a market leader in the field of enterprise rights management. Liquid Machine extended our data security portfolio and is expected to further our vision of enterprise security.
As a result of these acquisitions, our expenses in several categories increased commensurate with the costs of operating and integrating the acquired businesses. These increases were primarily attributable to increases in personnel expenses and related costs correlating to increases in cost of revenues, research and development, selling and marketing and general and administrative expenses.
Our business is subject to the effects of general global economic conditions and, in particular, market conditions in the IT, Internet security, and data security industries. If general economic and industry conditions deteriorate, demand for our products could be adversely affected.
We derive most of our product revenues from sales of integrated appliances Internet security products primarily under our VPN-1 and related brands, as well as related revenues from software updates, maintenance and other services. Following the acquisition of the Nokia security appliances business, we expanded our appliances portfolio with the IP Series, which generated a large portion of our products sales in 2010. We expect that our integrated appliances will continue to generate a substantial portion of our product sales for the foreseeable future.
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We derive our sales primarily through indirect channels. During 2010, we derived approximately 59% of our sales from our ten largest distributors, compared to 58% in 2009 and 50% in 2008. In 2010, the largest distributor accounted for approximately 18% of our sales, and the second largest distributor accounted for approximately 17%, same as 2009. In 2008, our largest distributor accounted for approximately 16% of our sales, and the second largest distributor accounted for 14% of our sales.
The following table presents the percentage of total consolidated revenues that we derive from sales in each of the regions shown:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||
Region: | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |||
Americas, principally U.S. |
43% | 43% | 44% | |||
Europe, Middle East and Africa |
45% | 44% | 40% | |||
Asia Pacific and Japan |
12% | 13% | 16% |
The percentage of total consolidated revenues that we derive from Asia Pacific and Japan has increased significantly from 2008 to 2010 because sales in that region have been growing faster than sales in other regions; and the percentage of total consolidated revenues that we derive from Europe, Middle East and Africa has declined from 2008 to 2010 as a result of sales in other regions growing faster than sales to that region. Revenues in all regions have increased significantly in absolute dollars from 2008 to 2010.
For information on the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, please refer to Item 11 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Foreign Currency Risk.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely, are reasonably based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates, judgments or assumptions and actual results, our consolidated financial statements will be affected. The accounting policies that reflect our more significant estimates, judgments and assumptions and which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, include the following:
| Revenue recognition (including sales reserves), |
| Business combinations, |
| Goodwill, |
| Realizability of long-lived assets, |
| Accounting for income taxes, |
| Equity-based compensation expense, |
| Allowances for doubtful accounts, |
| Derivative and hedge accounting, and |
| Impairment of marketable securities. |
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In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by U.S. GAAP and does not require managements judgment in its application. There are also areas in which managements judgment in selecting among available alternatives would not produce a materially different result. Our senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. You can see a summary of our significant accounting policies in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue recognition
We generally derive our revenues from two primary sources:
| Software products and combined hardware and software products; and |
| Software updates, maintenance and services. |
We apply software revenue recognition guidance, ASC 985-605, Software Revenue Recognition, to all transactions involving the sale of software products and hardware products that include software. We recognize product and license revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, there are no uncertainties surrounding product acceptance, there are no significant future performance obligations, the license fees are fixed or determinable, and collection of the license fee is considered probable. Amounts received in advance of meeting these criteria are deferred. Fees for arrangements with payment terms extending beyond customary payment terms are considered not to be fixed or determinable, in which case revenue is deferred and recognized when payments become due from the customer or are actually collected, provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. As required by ASC 985-605, we determine the value of the product component of our multiple-element arrangements using the residual method when vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair value exists for the undelivered elements of the support and maintenance agreements. VSOE of fair value is based on the price charged when an element is sold separately or renewed. Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the arrangement fee is allocated to the delivered elements and is recognized as revenue.
Our software updates, maintenance and services include customers rights to unspecified software product upgrades released during the term of the agreement, Security Software blades that are sold as a service, including the IPS, antivirus and anti-malware, anti-spam and email security, Web security, DLP and Application control, and other security solutions. Our support offerings include multiple services to our customers primarily telephone access to technical support personnel and hardware support services. We recognize revenues from software updates, maintenance and services ratably over the term of the agreement.
We determine the fair value for our software updates, maintenance and support services based upon the prices we charge customers for renewal. We offer several levels of services, classified by services offered, response time and availability. We have defined classes of customers, based on the total gross value of licensed software products the customer purchased from us. We price renewals for each service level and each class of customer as a fixed percentage of the total gross value of software products the customer licensed from us.
We recognize revenues net of estimated amounts that may be refunded for sales returns and rebate arrangements with customers. Additionally, distributers may rotate our products, subject to varying limitations. We estimate and record these reductions based on our historical experience analysis of credit memo data, stock rotation and other known factors. In each accounting period, we use judgments and estimates of potential future sales credits, returns, and stock rotation, related to current period revenue. These estimates affect our net revenue line item on our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and affect our accounts receivable, net on our consolidated balance sheets.
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Business combinations
In accordance with the revised business combination accounting, adopted on January 1, 2009, we allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as to in-process research and development based on their estimated fair values. In addition, in accordance with the revised guidance, we expense acquisition-related expenses and restructuring costs as they are incurred. We engage third-party appraisal firms to assist management in determining the fair values of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.
Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions it believes to be reasonable. These estimates are based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and relevant market and industry data and are, inherently, uncertain. Critical estimates made in valuing certain of the intangible assets include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) future expected cash flows from license sales, maintenance agreements, customer contracts and acquired developed technologies and patents; (ii) expected costs to develop the in-process research and development into commercially viable products and estimated cash flows from the projects when completed; (iii) the acquired companys brand and market position as well as assumptions about the period of time the acquired brand will continue to be used in the combined companys product portfolio; and (iv) discount rates. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results. Changes to these estimates, relating to circumstances that existed at the acquisition date, are recorded as an adjustment to goodwill during the purchase price allocation period (generally within one year of the acquisition date) and as operating expenses, if otherwise.
In connection with purchase price allocations, we estimate the fair value of the support obligations assumed in connection with acquisitions. The estimated fair value of the support obligations is determined utilizing a cost build-up approach. The cost build-up approach determines fair value by estimating the costs related to fulfilling the obligations plus a normal profit margin. The sum of the costs and operating profit approximates, in theory, the amount that we would be required to pay a third party to assume the support obligation. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on accounting for our recent acquisitions.
Goodwill
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the cost of acquisition over the sum of the amounts assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired less liabilities assumed. We review goodwill for impairment annually on December 31st and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate its carrying value may not be recoverable in accordance with ASC 350 Intangibles Goodwill and other. Goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. If the carrying value of a reporting units goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then we would record an impairment loss equal to the difference.
We operate in one operating segment, and this segment comprises our only reporting unit. In calculating the fair value of the reporting unit, we used our market equity capitalization.
If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we then calculate the goodwills implied fair value by performing a hypothetical allocation of the reporting units fair value to the underlying assets and liabilities, with the residual being the implied fair value of goodwill. This allocation process involves using significant estimates; include estimates of future cash flows, future short-term and long-term growth rates, weighted average cost of capital and assumptions about the future deployment of the long-lived assets of the reporting unit. Other factors we consider are the brand awareness and the market position of the reporting unit and assumptions about the period of time we will continue to use the brand in our product portfolio. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges for our goodwill.
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Our most recent annual goodwill impairment analysis, which was performed during the fourth quarter of 2010, did not result in impairment. As of December 31, 2010, the market capitalization of the Company was significantly higher than the equity book value.
Realizability of long-lived assets
We are required to assess the impairment of tangible and intangible long-lived assets subject to amortization, under ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment, on a periodic basis, when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment indicators include any significant changes in the manner of our use of the assets or the strategy of our overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends and significant decline in our share price for a sustained period.
Upon determination that the carrying value of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable based upon a comparison of aggregate undiscounted projected future cash flows from the use of the asset or asset group to the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess of carrying amount over the fair value. We measure fair value using discounted projected future cash flows. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. If these estimates or their related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges for our tangible and intangible long-lived assets subject to amortization. No impairment charges were recognized during 2008, 2009 and 2010.
Accounting for income tax
We are subject to income taxes in Israel, the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our uncertain tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes. Based on the guidance in ASC 740 Income Taxes, we use a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement.
Although we believe we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be different. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax audit, the refinement of an estimate or changes in tax laws. To the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will impact the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. The provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate, as well as the related interest and penalty.
Accounting for tax positions requires judgments, including estimating reserves for potential uncertainties. We also assess our ability to utilize tax attributes, including those in the form of carry forwards for which the benefits have already been reflected in the financial statements. We do not record valuation allowances for deferred tax assets that we believe are more likely than not to be realized in future periods. While we believe the resulting tax balances as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are appropriately accounted for, the ultimate outcome of such matters could result in favorable or unfavorable adjustments to our consolidated financial statements and such adjustments could be material. See Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding income taxes. We have filed or are in the process of filing local and foreign tax returns that are subject to audit by the respective tax authorities. The amount of income tax we pay is subject to ongoing audits by the tax authorities, which often result in proposed assessments. We believe that we adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcomes related to tax audits and settlement. However, our future results may include favorable or unfavorable adjustments to our estimated tax liabilities in the period the assessments are made or resolved, audits are closed or when statutes of limitation on potential assessments expire.
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Equity-based compensation expense
We account for equity-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 Compensation Stock Compensation. Under the fair value based measurement approach of this statement, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods. Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires the exercise of judgment, as well as the determination of the amount of stock-based awards that are expected to be forfeited. If actual forfeitures differ from our estimates, equity-based compensation expense and our results of operations would be impacted.
We estimate the fair value of employee stock options using a Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The fair value of an award is affected by our stock price on the date of grant as well as other assumptions, including the estimated volatility of our stock price over the expected term of the awards, and the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their stock options. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon United States treasury interest rates appropriate for the expected life of the awards. We use the historical volatility of our publicly traded stock options in order to estimate future stock price trends. In order to determine the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their stock options, we use historical behavioral patterns rates of employee groups by job classification. Our expected dividend rate is zero since we do not currently pay cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.
Allowance for doubtful accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for losses that may result from the failure of our channel partners to make required payments. We estimate this allowance based on our judgment as to our ability to collect outstanding receivables. We form this judgment based on an analysis of significant outstanding invoices, the age of the receivables, our historical collection experience and current economic trends. If the financial condition of our channel partners were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, we would need to increase the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Derivative and Hedge Accounting
Approximately 64% to 67% of our operating expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars or linked to the U.S. dollar. In 2010, we entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and options to hedge a significant portion of our foreign currency net exposure resulting from expenses in major foreign currencies in which we operate, in order to reduce the impact of foreign currency on our results. We also entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and options to reduce the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on balance sheet items, specifically for the Israeli Shekel.
The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, we must designate the hedging instrument, based upon the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. If the derivatives meet the definition of a hedge and are so designated, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of such derivatives will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivatives change in fair value is recognized in earnings. We estimate the fair value of such derivative contracts by reference to forward and spot rates quoted in active markets.
Establishing and accounting for foreign exchange contracts involve judgments, such as determining the fair value of the contracts, determining the nature of the exposure, assessing its amount and timing, and evaluating the effectiveness of the hedging arrangement.
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Although we believe that our estimates are accurate and meet the requirement of hedge accounting, actual results could differ from these estimates, and such difference could cause fluctuation in our recorded operating expenses.
Impairment of Marketable Securities
All marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale securities. We assess our available-for-sale marketable securities on a regular basis for other-than-temporary impairment. Pursuant to accounting guidance effective April 1, 2009, if we have a security with a fair value less than its amortized cost and we intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before it recovers, other-than temporary impairment has occurred and we must record the entire amount of the impairment in earnings. If we do not intend to sell the security or it is not more likely than not we will be required to sell the security before it recovers in value, we must estimate the net present value of cash flows expected to be collected. If the amortized cost exceeds the net present value of cash flows, such excess is considered a credit loss and other-than-temporary impairment has occurred. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and the residual portion of the other-than-temporary impairment is recorded in other comprehensive income. The determination of credit losses requires significant judgment and actual results may be materially different than our estimate. We consider the likely reason for the decline in value, the period of time the fair value was below amortized cost, changes in and performance of the underlying collateral, the ability of the issuer to meet payment obligations, changes in ratings and market trends and conditions. Prior to April 1, 2009, other-than-temporary impairment was recorded based on similar factors, as well as our intent and ability to hold until recovery of loss. Any decline deemed other-than-temporary was recognized in earnings.
Securities which are not valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs are valued based on an externally developed valuation. This is using discounted cash flow model, whose inputs include interest rate curves, credit spreads, bond prices, volatilities and illiquidity considerations. Unobservable inputs used in these models are significant to the fair value of the investments.
During 2008, 2009 and 2010, we recorded other-than-temporary impairment on our marketable securities net of gain of the sales of marketable securities that were previously impaired in the amount of $11.2 million and $1.3 million and $0.8 million pre-tax, respectively.
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Results of Operations
The following table presents information concerning our results of operations in 2008, 2009 and 2010:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Products and licenses |
$ | 338,317 | $ | 361,633 | $ | 444,400 | ||||||
Software updates, maintenance and services |
470,173 | 562,784 | 653,468 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
808,490 | 924,417 | 1,097,868 | |||||||||
Operating expenses(*): |
||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
34,648 | 61,495 | 75,426 | |||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
33,407 | 43,551 | 55,721 | |||||||||
Amortization of technology |
24,554 | 28,224 | 32,826 | |||||||||
Total cost of revenues |
92,609 | 133,270 | 163,973 | |||||||||
Research and development |
91,629 | 89,743 | 105,748 | |||||||||
Selling and marketing |
214,439 | 220,877 | 235,301 | |||||||||
General and administrative |
53,313 | 56,409 | 57,244 | |||||||||
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs |
| 9,101 | 588 | |||||||||
Total operating expenses |
451,990 | 509,400 | 562,854 | |||||||||
Operating income |
356,500 | 415,017 | 535,014 | |||||||||
Financial income, net |
40,876 | 32,058 | 30,164 | |||||||||
Other than temporary impairment net of gain on sale of marketable securities previously impaired(**) |
(11,221 | ) | (1,277 | ) | (785 | ) | ||||||
Income before taxes on income |
386,155 | 445,798 | 564,393 | |||||||||
Taxes on income |
62,189 | 88,275 | 111,567 | |||||||||
Net income |
$ | 323,966 | $ | 357,523 | $ | 452,826 | ||||||
(*) | Including pre-tax charges for amortization of intangible assets and stock-based compensation in the following items: |
Amortization of intangible assets |
||||||||||||
Research and development |
$ | | $ | | $ | 2,741 | ||||||
Selling and marketing |
$ | 12,428 | $ | 22,429 | $ | 16,309 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 12,428 | $ | 22,429 | $ | 19,050 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation |
||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
$ | 48 | $ | 47 | $ | 49 | ||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
684 | 641 | 984 | |||||||||
Research and development |
5,037 | 6,649 | 7,325 | |||||||||
Selling and marketing |
6,855 | 5,032 | 7,279 | |||||||||
General and administrative |
19,703 | 18,538 | 19,543 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 32,327 | $ | 30,907 | $ | 35,180 | ||||||
(**) | Year ended December 31, 2008 includes write down of $ 11.2 million, of our marketable securities. Year ended December 31, 2009 includes write down of $3.1 million related to our marketable securities net of $1.8 million gain on sale of marketable securities that were written down in 2008. Year ended December 31, 2010 includes a write down of $0.8 million, of our marketable securities. |
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The following table presents information concerning our results of operations as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Products and licenses |
42 | % | 39 | % | 40 | % | ||||||
Software updates, maintenance and services |
58 | 61 | 60 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
4 | 6 | 7 | |||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
4 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||
Amortization of technology |
3 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
Cost of revenues |
11 | 14 | 15 | |||||||||
Research and development |
11 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||
Selling and marketing |
27 | 24 | 21 | |||||||||
General and administrative |
7 | 6 | 5 | |||||||||
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs |
| 1 | | |||||||||
Total operating expenses |
56 | 55 | 51 | |||||||||
Operating income |
44 | 45 | 49 | |||||||||
Financial income, net |
5 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||
Other than temporary impairment net of gain on sale of marketable securities previously written down |
(1 | ) | | | ||||||||
Income before taxes on income |
48 | 48 | 51 | |||||||||
Taxes on income |
8 | 9 | 10 | |||||||||
Net income |
40 | % | 39 | % | 41 | % | ||||||
Revenues
We derive our revenues mainly from the sale of products and licenses of software, and related software updates, maintenance and other services. Our revenues were $808.5 million in 2008, $924.4 million in 2009, and $1,097.9 million in 2010.
Total revenues in 2010 grew by 19% compared to 2009. Product and license revenues increased by $82.8 million, or 23%, from $361.6 million in 2009 to $444.4 million in 2010, which was attributable primarily to growth in sales of our integrated appliances. In 2010, product and license revenues as a percentage of total revenues was 40%, compared with 39% in 2009. Software updates, maintenance and services revenues increased by $90.7 million, or 16%, from $562.8 million in 2009 to $653.5 million in 2010, primarily as a result of renewals and new sales of maintenance contracts and increasing sales of IPS security services and the aggregation of the full year for the Nokia integration.
Total revenues in 2009 grew by 14% compared to 2008. Product and license revenues increased by $23.3 million, or 7%, from $338.3 million in 2008 to $361.6 million in 2009, which was attributable mostly to growth in sales of integrated appliances and the revenues related to the security appliance business that we acquired from Nokia. In 2009, product and license revenues as a percentage of total revenues was 39%, compared with 42% in 2008. This decrease was due primarily to our increase in service offerings. Software updates, maintenance and services revenues increased by $92.6 million, or 20%, from $470.2 million in 2008 to $562.8 million in 2009, primarily as a result of renewals and new sales of maintenance contracts, increasing sales of software security services and the revenues related to sales of services that we purchased when we acquired the Nokia security appliance business.
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Cost of Revenues
Total cost of revenues was $92.6 million in 2008, $133.3 million in 2009 and $164.0 million in 2010. Cost of revenues includes cost of product and licenses, cost of software updates, maintenance and services and amortization of technology. Our cost of products and licenses is comprised of the cost of software and hardware production, manuals, packaging and license fees paid to third parties. Our cost of software updates, maintenance and services includes the cost of post-sale customer support, training, consulting and license fees paid to third parties.
Cost of products and licenses was $34.6 million in 2008, $61.5 million in 2009 and $75.4 million in 2010, and represented 4% of revenues in 2008, and 7% of revenues in each of 2009 and 2010. The increase of $13.9 million in 2010 cost of products and licenses was mainly due to the increase in security appliance products, which have higher products and licenses costs than our other products. In 2009, the increase was due primarily to the sale of security appliance products that we acquired from Nokia, which accounted for approximately $22.9 million of the cost of products and licenses, and to a lesser extent to continued increases in sales of hardware-based products.
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services was $33.4 million in 2008, $43.6 million in 2009, and $55.7 million in 2010, and represented 4% of revenues in 2008 and 5% of revenues in each of 2009 and 2010. In 2010, the $12.1 million increase in the cost of software updates, maintenance and services was primarily the result of an increase in headcount, support services provided and the full year aggregation of the Nokia acquisition. In 2009, the $10.2 million increase in the cost of software updates, maintenance and services was primarily the result of cost of support for the Nokia security appliance business hardware-based products.
In 2008, amortization of technology was $24.6 million, primarily due to Zone Labs intangible assets being fully amortized at the beginning of 2008. In 2009, amortization of technology increased by $3.6 million, to $28.2 million, mainly due to the inclusion of Nokia security appliance business. In 2010, amortization of technology increased by $4.6 million, to $32.8 million, mainly due to the inclusion of the Liquid Machines and Facetime businesses and a full year of amortization of intangible assets from the acquisition of assets from Nokia.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and other related expenses for personnel, as well as the cost of facilities and depreciation of capital equipment. Research and development expenses were $91.6 million in 2008, $89.7 million in 2009, and $105.7 million in 2010, and represented 11% of revenues in 2008, and 10% of revenues in each of 2009 and 2010. In 2010, we experienced an increase of $16.0 million in research and development expenses compared to 2009, primarily as a result of an increase in compensation expenses. Of this increase, $9.4 million of which was related to an increase in headcount committed to research and development, from 740 at the end of 2009 to 802 at the end of 2010, and $2.5 million of which was caused by the impact of currency fluctuations on compensation expenses. This increase in compensation expenses also reflects a full year of expenses related to the headcount acquired in connection with the purchase of the Nokia security appliance business. The majority of our personnel engaged in research and development are located in Israel, where compensation-related expenses are paid in Israeli Shekels, and in Sweden, where compensation-related expenses are paid in Swedish Krona, while our research and development expenses are reported in U.S. dollars. Therefore, changes to the exchange rate between the Israeli Shekel, the Swedish Krona and the U.S. dollar, have affected and may in the future affect our research and development expenses. Beginning in 2009, Check Point established forward contracts to hedge against a certain portion of the exposure mentioned above. In 2010, we also fully amortized the in-process research and development related to the acquisition of the Nokia security appliance business.
In 2009, we had a decrease of $1.9 million in research and development expenses compared to 2008. Currency fluctuations decreased compensation expenses by $5.4 million, partially offset by an increase in headcount committed to research and development, from 679 at the end of 2008 to 740 at the end of 2009, which added $3.9 million in compensation expenses.
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Selling and Marketing
Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions, advertising, trade shows, seminars, public relations, travel and other related expenses. Selling and marketing expenses were $214.4 million in 2008, $220.9 million in 2009, and $235.3 million in 2010, which represented 27% of revenues in 2008, 24% of revenues in 2009, and 21% of revenues in 2010. In 2010, there was an increase of $17.3 million in selling and marketing expenses due to an increase in headcount committed to sales and marketing, from 804 at the end of 2009 to 864 at the end of 2010, and the associated increase in travel, entertainment and facilities expenses, and an increase of $2.2 million in stock-based compensation in sales and marketing expenses for employees, partially offset by a decrease of $6.1 million in the amortization of intangible assets in selling and marketing expenses. The increase in compensation expenses also reflects a full year of expenses related to the headcount acquired in connection with the purchase of the Nokia security appliance business.
In 2009, there was an increase of $12.1 million in selling and marketing expenses due to an increase in our sales and marketing headcount, from 701 at the end of 2008 to 804 at the end of 2009, and the associated increase in travel, entertainment and facilities expenses, primarily from the acquisition of the Nokia security appliance business. In addition, the amortization of intangible assets related to the Nokia security appliance business increased selling and marketing expenses in 2009 by $10.0 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in selling and marketing expenses of $15.6 million, primarily from beneficial currency fluctuations and expense reductions.
In 2008, the strengthening of the Euro compared to the U.S. dollar contributed approximately $0.3 million to compensation expenses. In 2009, the weakening of the Israeli Shekel, the Euro, and the Swedish Krona compared to the U.S. dollar contributed $6.3 million to the decrease in compensation expenses. In 2010, the strengthening of the Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar and the Israeli Shekel overcame the weakening of the Euro compared to U.S. Dollar, which overall contributed approximately $0.7 million to compensation expenses. Our expenses in Israel, Europe, Canada and Australia, which primarily relate to compensation, travel, facilities and marketing, are paid in local currencies but are reported in U.S. dollars. Therefore, changes to the exchange rates between the local currencies and the U.S. dollar have affected, and may in the future affect, our expense level.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other related expenses for personnel, professional fees, insurance costs and other expenses. General and administrative expenses were $53.3 million in 2008, $56.4 million in 2009, and $57.2 million in 2010, and represented 7% of revenues in 2008, 6% of revenues in 2009, and 5% of revenues in 2010. In 2010, there was an increase of $0.8 million in general and administrative expenses, primarily due to an increase in stock-based compensation to employees. In 2009, there was an increase of $3.1 million in general and administrative expenses, primarily due to an increase in legal expenses of $2.9 million and an increase in charitable donations of $1.9 million, partially offset by a decrease in stock-based compensation expenses of $1.2 million.
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs
The decrease of $8.5 million in restructuring and other acquisition costs in 2010 related expenses were due to the fact that the acquisition of the Nokia security appliance business took place in 2009, which resulted in certain restructuring and other acquisition-related costs, whereas in 2010 there were only severance payments paid to former Nokia security appliance business employees and other associated costs.
Operating Margin
We had operating margins of 44% in 2008, 45% in 2009, and 49% in 2010.
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The increase of 1% in operating margin from 2008 to 2009 was attributable primarily to the realization of synergies from the integration of Nokia security appliance business into our business.
The increase of 4% in operating margin from 2009 to 2010 was attributable primarily to the significant increase in revenues, while minimizing the growth in expenses, as well as realizing the synergies from the integration of Nokia security appliance business into our business. We may experience future fluctuations or declines in operating margins from historical levels due to several factors, as described above in Item 3 Key Information under the caption Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Our Market Our operating margins may decline.
Financial Income, Net
Net financial income consists primarily of interest earned on cash equivalents and marketable securities. Net financial income was $40.9 million in 2008, $32.1 million in 2009, and $30.2 million in 2010. Because we generally hold debt securities until maturity, our current portfolios yield is derived primarily from market interest rates and the yield of securities on the date of the investment. Since most of our investments are in U.S. dollars, our net financial income is heavily dependent on prevailing U.S. interest rates. The decrease in net financial income in 2009 and 2010 was primarily due to the decrease in interest rates in the U.S as well as foreign currency fluctuations against the U.S. dollar.
We review various factors in determining whether we should recognize an impairment charge for our marketable securities, including whether the Company intends to sell, or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis of, such marketable securities, the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than its cost basis in such marketable securities, the credit ratings of such marketable securities, the nature of underlying collateral as applicable and the financial condition, expected cash flow and near-term prospects of the issuer. Based on our consideration of these factors, in 2008 we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities in the total amount of $11.2 million, pretax, out of which $6.3 million, pretax, was related to Auction Rate Securities. The remaining impairment of $4.9 million related to obligations of U.S. corporate issuers with the original principal amounting to $8.0 million. In 2009, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities in the total amount of $3.1 million, pretax, related to Auction Rate Securities which was offset by a gain of $1.8 million, pretax, related to the sale of marketable securities previously impaired in 2008. In 2010, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities in the total amount of $0.8 million, pretax, all of which was related to Auction Rate Securities. In evaluating when declines in fair value are other-than-temporary, we considered all available evidence, including market declines subsequent to the end of the period. We may recognize additional losses in the future should the prospects of the issuers of these securities continue deteriorate.
Because interest rates in the U.S. remained low in the first quarter of 2011 and are not expected to significantly increase during 2011, we believe that this will result in a lower portfolio yield in the near term. See also Item 3, Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business and Our Market We Face the Risk of a Decrease in Our Cash Balances and Losses in Our Investment Portfolio.
Taxes on Income
Our effective tax rate was 16% in 2008 and 20% in each of 2009 and 2010. Our effective tax rate increased in 2009 and 2010 as a result of an increase in taxable income of certain of our foreign subsidiaries and an increase in tax positions despite the decrease in the statutory tax rate in Israel from 27% in 2008 to 26% in 2009 and to 25% in 2010. See Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Additional details are provided in Item 10 Additional Information under the caption Israeli taxation, foreign exchange regulation and investment programs and Item 3 Key Information under the caption The tax benefits available to us under Israeli law require us to meet several conditions, and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which would increase our taxes.
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Quarterly Results of Operations
The following tables set forth certain unaudited quarterly consolidated statements of income data from the reports on Form 6-K that we furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as the percentage of our revenues represented by each item. We prepare our unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements on the same basis as our audited annual consolidated financial statements and include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of such information. You should read this information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, including the related notes, appearing in Item 18 Financial Statements.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unaudited | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Products and licenses |
$ | 71,744 | $ | 82,801 | $ | 86,883 | $ | 120,205 | $ | 91,038 | $ | 103,904 | $ | 106,399 | $ | 143,059 | ||||||||||||||||
Software updates, maintenance and services |
123,268 | 140,840 | 146,759 | 151,917 | 154,039 | 157,187 | 166,795 | 175,447 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | 195,012 | 223,641 | 233,642 | 272,122 | 245,077 | 261,091 | 273,194 | 318,506 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
7,686 | 15,045 | 17,848 | 20,916 | 16,505 | 16,287 | 18,798 | 23,836 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
7,769 | 12,567 | 10,783 | 12,432 | 12,245 | 13,547 | 14,912 | 15,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of technology |
5,800 | 7,230 | 7,471 | 7,723 | 8,066 | 8,150 | 8,311 | 8,299 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cost of revenues |
21,255 | 34,842 | 36,102 | 41,071 | 36,816 | 37,984 | 42,021 | 47,152 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development |
19,787 | 23,468 | 22,426 | 24,062 | 24,322 | 25,807 | 26,165 | 29,454 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
47,072 | 56,939 | 56,379 | 60,487 | 54,776 | 58,619 | 55,871 | 66,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
14,617 | 12,680 | 13,190 | 15,922 | 13,302 | 15,980 | 14,075 | 13,887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs |
| 9,034 | 67 | | | 588 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses(*) |
102,731 | 136,963 | 128,164 | 141,542 | 129,216 | 138,978 | 138,132 | 156,528 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
92,281 | 86,678 | 105,478 | 130,581 | 115,861 | 122,113 | 135,062 | 161,978 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial income, net |
8,413 | 8,130 | 7,825 | 7,690 | 7,193 | 7,133 | 7,243 | 8,595 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other than temporary impairment net of gain on sale of marketable securities previously written down (**) |
| | | (1,277 | ) | | | | (785 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income before taxes on income |
100,694 | 94,808 | 113,303 | 136,993 | 123,054 | 129,246 | 142,305 | 169,788 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes on income |
19,773 | 19,205 | 21,839 | 27,458 | 25,013 | 26,385 | 27,790 | 32,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
$ | 80,921 | $ | 75,603 | $ | 91,464 | $ | 109,535 | $ | 98,041 | 102,861 | 114,515 | $ | 137,409 | ||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 0.39 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.52 | $ | 0.47 | 0.49 | 0.55 | $ | 0.66 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares used in computing basic earnings per share |
210,153 | 209,521 | 208,738 | 209,093 | 209,014 | 207,914 | 207,239 | 208,280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 0.38 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.43 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 0.46 | 0.48 | 0.54 | $ | 0.64 | ||||||||||||||||||
Shares used in computing diluted earnings per share |
212,083 | 211,615 | 211,688 | 213,469 | 213,523 | 212,166 | 211,637 | 214,432 |
44
(*) | Including pre-tax charges for amortization of intangible assets related to our acquisitions and Stock-based compensation in the following items: |
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unaudited | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development |
| | | | 685 | 685 | 685 | 685 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
3,093 | 6,223 | 6,830 | 6,283 | 4,012 | 4,058 | 4,118 | 4,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 83,093 | $ | 6,223 | $ | 6,830 | $ | 6,283 | 4,697 | $ | 4,743 | $ | 4,803 | $ | 4,807 | |||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
$ | 8 | $ | 13 | $ | 14 | $ | 12 | $ | 11 | $ | 17 | $ | 10 | $ | 11 | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
193 | 107 | 236 | 105 | 227 | 231 | 322 | 204 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development |
1,258 | 1,515 | 1,998 | 1,878 | 1,648 | 1,693 | 2,403 | 1,581 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
1,740 | 976 | 1,769 | 547 | 2,246 | 1,550 | 1,776 | 1,707 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
4,604 | 4,660 | 3,678 | 5,596 | 4,801 | 5,589 | 4,190 | 4,963 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(**) | Including write-down of $3.1 million pretax in the fourth quarter of 2009, net of $1.8 million gain on sale of marketable securities that were written down in 2008 and $0.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 of marketable securities in accordance with ASC 320. |
As a percentage of total revenues:
Year Ended December
31, 2009 |
Year Ended December
31, 2010 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Products and licenses |
37 | % | 37 | % | 37 | % | 44 | % | 37 | % | 40 | % | 39 | % | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Software updates, maintenance and services |
63 | 63 | 63 | 56 | 63 | 60 | 61 | 55 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues |
100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of products and licenses |
4 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of software updates, maintenance and services |
4 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of technology |
3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total cost of revenues |
11 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development |
10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling and marketing |
24 | 25 | 24 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 20 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other acquisition related costs |
| 4 | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
53 | 61 | 55 | 52 | 53 | 53 | 51 | 49 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
47 | 39 | 45 | 48 | 47 | 47 | 49 | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial income, net |
4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other than temporary impairment net of gain on sale of marketable securities previously impaired |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income before taxes on income |
52 | 42 | 48 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 52 | 53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes on income |
10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Income |
41 | % | 34 | % | 39 | % | 40 | % | 40 | % | 40 | % | 42 | % | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||||
45
Our future revenues and operating results are uncertain and may fluctuate from quarter to quarter and from year to year due to several factors, as described above in Item 3 Key Information under the caption Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Our Market Our quarterly operating results are likely to fluctuate, which could cause us to miss expectations about these results and cause the trading price of our ordinary shares to decline.
Historically, our revenues have reflected seasonal fluctuations related to the year-end purchasing cycles of many users of our products. We believe that we will continue to encounter seasonality for the foreseeable future.
Our expense levels are based, in part, on expectations as to future revenues. If our revenue levels are below expectations, our operating results are likely to be adversely affected, since most of our expenses are not variable. As a result, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance. Due to the above, it is likely that in some future quarters, our operating results may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. In this event, the price of our ordinary shares would likely decline significantly.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2009, the FASB issued an update to ASC 985-605, Software-Revenue Recognition (originally issued as EITF 09-3)- ASU 2009-14, Certain Arrangements That Include Software Elements, (amendments to FASB ASC Topic 985, Software) (ASU 2009-14). In accordance with the update to the ASC, tangible products containing software components and non-software components that function together to deliver the tangible products essential functionality are excluded from the scope of the software revenue recognition guidance. In addition, hardware components of a tangible product containing software component are always excluded from the software revenue guidance. In addition, FASB issued an update to ASC 605-25, ASU 2009-13 -Revenue recognition Multiple-Element Arrangements (ASU 2009-13), that provides amendments to the criteria for separating consideration in multiple-deliverable arrangements to: (1) provide updated guidance on whether multiple deliverables exist, how the deliverables in an arrangement should be separated, and how the consideration should be allocated; (2) require an entity to allocate revenue in an arrangement using estimated selling prices (ESP) of deliverables if a vendor does not have vendor-specific objective evidence of selling price (VSOE) or third-party evidence of selling price (TPE); (3) eliminate the use of the residual method and require an entity to allocate revenue using the relative selling price method; and (4) require expanded disclosures of qualitative and quantitative information regarding application of the multiple-deliverable revenue arrangement guidance.
ASU 2009-13 and ASU 2009-14 should be applied on a prospective basis for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. We are currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
During 2008, 2009 and 2010, we financed our operations through cash generated from operations. Our total cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and long-term interest bearing investments, were $1,443.8 million as of December 31, 2008, $1,847.0 million as of December 31, 2009, and $2,414.9 million as of December 31, 2010. Our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were $914.4 million as of December 31, 2008, $884.0 million as of December 31, 2009, and $1,089.4 million as of December 31, 2010. Our long-term interest bearing investments were $529.4 million as of December 31, 2008, $963.0 million as of December 31, 2009, and $1,325.4 million as of December 31, 2010. At the end of 2002, we established a wholly owned subsidiary in Singapore that serves as a vehicle for a significant portion of our international investments and manages those financial assets. The remaining financial assets are held and managed through our subsidiary in the U.S. and through the parent company in Israel.
46
We generated net cash from operations of $434.0 million in 2008, $557.1 million in 2009 and $688.6 million in 2010. Net cash from operations for 2008 consisted primarily of net income adjusted for non-cash activity, including other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities, stock-based compensation expenses, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and deferred income taxes benefit plus an increase in deferred revenue and accrued expenses and other liabilities, partially offset by an increase in trade receivables, net. Net cash from operations for 2009 consisted primarily of net income adjusted for non-cash activity, including other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities, stock-based compensation expenses, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and deferred income taxes benefit plus an increase in deferred revenue and accrued expenses and employee benefit liabilities, partially offset by increases in trade receivables and other current assets. Net cash from operations for 2010 consisted primarily of net income adjusted for non-cash activity, including other-than-temporary impairment on marketable securities, stock-based compensation expenses, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets and deferred income taxes benefit plus an increase in deferred revenue and accrued expenses and employee benefit liabilities, partially offset by increases in prepaid expenses, other current assets and other assets.
Net cash used in investing activities was $209.0 million in 2008, $584.4 million in 2009 and $459.5 million in 2010. In 2008, net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of investments in marketable securities and short term deposits offset by proceeds from sale and maturities of marketable securities. In 2009, net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of investments in marketable securities and net cash paid in conjunction with 2009 acquisitions, partially offset by proceeds from sale and maturities of marketable securities. In 2010, net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of investments in marketable securities and net cash paid in conjunction with 2010 acquisitions, partially offset by proceeds from sale and maturities of marketable securities. Our capital expenditures amounted to $8.3 million in 2008, $4.3 million in 2009 and $4.9 million in 2010. In 2008, our capital expenditures consisted primarily of renovation of our office building in Israel, computer equipment and software for our research and development and technical services organizations efforts, as well as an increased infrastructure to enable operation expansions. In 2009, our capital expenditures consisted primarily of computer equipment and software for research and development and leasehold improvement and furniture. In 2010, our capital expenditures consisted primarily of computer equipment and software for research and development and furniture and equipment.
During 2009, we funded the acquisitions of the Nokia security appliance business and certain assets of Facetime for approximately $59 million from our cash and cash equivalents balances. During 2010, we funded the acquisition of Liquid Machines for approximately $14 million from our cash and cash equivalents balances.
Net cash used in financing activities was approximately $191.5 million in 2008, $101.8 million in 2009 and $91.4 million in 2010. In 2008, 2009 and 2010, net cash used in financing activities was attributed primarily to the repurchase of ordinary shares. Our board of directors has approved seven programs to repurchase ordinary shares in an aggregate amount of over $2.15 billion. Each of the first three programs authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million, the fourth program authorized the repurchase of up to $600 million, the fifth program authorized the repurchase of up to $400 million, the sixth program authorized the repurchase of up to $250 million and the seventh program authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million annually. The first program was announced on October 28, 2003, and ended on August 24, 2004. The second program was announced on October 28, 2004, and ended on May 31, 2005. The third program was announced on July 25, 2005, and ended on May 18, 2006. The fourth program was announced on May 22, 2006, and ended on March 5, 2008. The fifth program was announced on March 26, 2008, and ended on February 18, 2010. The sixth program was announced on January 27, 2010. On February 3, 2011, the seventh program was announced. Under the repurchase programs, we may purchase our ordinary shares from time to time, depending on market conditions, share price, trading volume, and other factors. We fund the share purchases from available working capital. The current repurchase programs have no time limit and may be suspended from time to time or discontinued. In 2008, we purchased a total of 10.9 million shares at a total cost of $239.5 million, at an average price of $21.92 per share. In 2009, we purchased a total of 7.8 million shares at a total cost of $202.3 million, at an average price of $25.87 per share. In 2010, we purchased a total of 5.6 million shares at a total cost of $200 million, at an average price of $35.38 per
47
share. Since the first repurchase program was implemented, through the end of 2010, we purchased a total of 79.2 million shares for a total cost of $1,768.6 million, at an average price of $22.30 per share. From time to time, we re-issue the repurchased shares to settle exercises of options and awards of restricted share units to our employees and directors. Proceeds from such activities were $35.0 million, $93.0 million and $103.8 million in 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively.
Our securities are classified as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income. Amortization of premium, discount and interest is recorded in our statements of income.
Our liquidity could be negatively affected by a decrease in demand for our products and services, including the impact of changes in customer buying that may result from the current general economic downturn. Also, if the financial system or the credit markets continue to deteriorate or remain volatile, our investment portfolio may be impacted and the values and liquidity of our investments could be adversely affected.
Our principal sources of liquidity consist of our cash and cash equivalents, short-term deposits and marketable securities (which aggregated $2,414.9 million as of December 31, 2010), our cash flow from operations, and our net financial income. We believe that these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to satisfy our capital requirements for the next twelve months.
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
Additional details are provided in this Item 5, under the caption Results of operations.
Trend Information
Additional details are provided in this Item 5, under the caption Results of operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We are not a party to any off-balance sheet arrangements. In addition, we have no unconsolidated special purpose financing or partnership entities that are likely to create contingent obligations.
Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2010:
Payments due by period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year |
1-3 years | 4-5 years | More than 5 years |
||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
$ | 8,099 | $ | 4,329 | $ | 3,770 | | | ||||||||||||
Uncertain income tax position(*) |
$ | 169,370 | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Severance pay(**) |
$ | 11,224 | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 188,693 | $ | 4,329 | $ | 3,770 | | | ||||||||||||
(*) | Accrual for uncertain income tax position under ASC 740 Income Taxes, is paid upon settlement and we are unable to reasonably estimate the ultimate amount or timing of settlement. See Note 11a of our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding the Companys liability under ASC 740. |
(**) | Severance pay obligations to our Israeli employees, as required under Israeli labor law, are payable only upon termination, retirement or death of the respective employee and there is no obligation for benefits accrued prior to 2007, if the employee voluntarily resigns. Of this amount, $4.7 million is unfunded. |
48
ITEM 6. | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES |
Directors and Senior Management
Our directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2010, were as follows:
Name |
Position |
Independent Director (1) |
Outside Director (2) |
Member of Audit Committee |
Member
of Compensation Committee |
Member
of Nominating Committee |
||||||||||||||||
Gil Shwed | Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Marius Nacht | Vice Chairman of the Board |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Jerry Ungerman | Vice Chairman of the Board |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Tal Payne | Chief Financial Officer |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Yoav Chelouche (3) | Director | Ö | Ö | Ö | ||||||||||||||||||
Irwin Federman (3) | Director | Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | ||||||||||||||||
Guy Gecht | Director | Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | |||||||||||||||||
Dan Propper | Director | Ö | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ray Rothrock | Director | Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | Ö | ||||||||||||||||
David Rubner | Director | Ö | Ö | Ö | ||||||||||||||||||
Tal Shavit | Director | Ö | Ö |
(1) | Independent Director under the NASDAQ Global Select Market regulations and the Israeli Companies Law (see explanation below). |
(2) | Outside Director as required by the Israeli Companies Law (see explanation below). |
(3) | Financial expert as required by the Israeli Companies Law and NASDAQ requirements with respect to membership on the Audit Committee (see Item 16A Audit Committee Financial Expert). |
Gil is the founder, Chairman of our board of directors, and our Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Shwed has been the CEO of Check Point since its inception in 1993. Mr. Shwed is considered the inventor of the modern Firewall and holds several patents, including on the companys Stateful Inspection technology. Mr. Shwed has received numerous accolades for his individual achievements and industry contributions. These include: an honorary Doctor of Science from the Technion Israel Institute of Technology, recognition from the World Economic Forums Global Leader for Tomorrow for his commitment to public affairs and leadership in areas beyond immediate professional interests, and receiving the Academy of Achievements Golden Plate Award for his innovative contribution to business and technology. Mr. Shwed is also a member of the Board of Trustees of Tel Aviv University.
Mr. Shwed chairs two non-profit education organizations: Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Youth University of Tel Aviv University which promotes excellence in education by bringing teenagers from different socioeconomic backgrounds into Academic studies during high school. He is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Yeholot Association which helps thousands of students achieve full matriculation who otherwise would have dropped out of high school.
Marius Nacht, one of our founders, has served as Vice Chairman of our board of directors since 2001. Mr. Nacht has served as one of our directors since we were incorporated in 1993. From 1999 through 2005, Mr. Nacht served as our Senior Vice President. Mr. Nacht earned a B.S. (cum laude) in Physics and Mathematics from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1983, and an M.S. in Electrical Engineering and Communication Systems from Tel Aviv University in 1987.
49
Jerry Ungerman has served as Vice Chairman of our board of directors since 2005. From 2001 until 2005, Mr. Ungerman served as our President and before that, from 1998 until 2000, he served as our Executive Vice President. Prior to joining us, Mr. Ungerman accumulated more than 30 years of high-tech sales, marketing and management experience at Hitachi Data Systems (HDS), a data storage company and a member of the Hitachi, Ltd. group. He began his career with International Business Machines Corp. (IBM), a global technology products and services company, after earning a B.A. in Business Administration from the University of Minnesota.
Tal Payne has served as our Chief Financial Officer since June 2008. Prior to joining us in 2008, Ms. Payne was chief financial officer at Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd., a leading provider of products and services for satellite-based communications networks. During her tenure at Gilat, Ms. Payne was responsible for the strategic planning, development and leadership of the finance organization, and held the role of vice president of finance for over five years. Ms. Payne led the companys public offerings, capital restructurings and other transactions. Before joining Gilat, she was previously employed at PricewaterhouseCoopers, a professional services company specializing in accounting and consulting. Ms. Payne holds a B.A. in Economics and Accounting and an Executive M.B.A., both from Tel-Aviv University. She is also a Certified Public Accountant.
Yoav Chelouche has served on our board of directors since 2006. Mr. Chelouche has also served as one of our outside directors under the Israeli Companies Law since 2006. Mr. Chelouche has been Managing Partner of Aviv Venture Capital since August 2000. Prior to joining Aviv Venture Capital, Mr. Chelouche served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Scitex Corp., a world leader in digital imaging and printing systems, from December 1994 until July 2000. From August 1979 until December 1994, Mr. Chelouche held various managerial positions with Scitex, including VP Strategy and Business Development, VP Marketing and VP Finance for Europe. Mr. Chelouche is the Chairman of the Board of Rosetta Genomics Ltd., and a member of the board of directors of a number of private companies. He is also Chairman of Taasiyeda, an Israeli nonprofit organization that promotes the development of leadership and technology skills in children. Mr. Chelouche earned a B.A. in Economics and Statistics from Tel Aviv University, and an M.B.A. from INSEAD University in Fontainebleau, France.
Irwin Federman has served on our board of directors since 1995. Mr. Federman has also served as one of our outside directors under the Israeli Companies Law since 2000. Mr. Federman has been a General Partner of U.S. Venture Partners, a venture capital firm, since 1990. Mr. Federman serves as director of SanDisk Corp., Mellanox Technologies Ltd. and a number of private companies. Mr. Federman received a B.S. in Economics from Brooklyn College.
Guy Gecht has served on our board of directors since 2006. Mr. Gecht has also served as one of our outside directors under the Israeli Companies Law since 2006. Mr. Gecht is the Chief Executive Officer of the Board of Electronics For Imaging, Inc. (EFI), a company that provides digital imaging and print management solutions for commercial and enterprise printing. Mr. Gecht has served in this position since January 2000. From October 1995 until January 2000, Mr. Gecht held various positions with EFI, including President of the company. Prior to joining EFI, Mr. Gecht held various software engineering positions with technology companies. Mr. Gecht holds a B.S. in Computer Science and Mathematics from Ben-Gurion University in Israel.
Dan Propper has served as one of our directors since 2006. Mr. Propper is the Chairman of the Board of the Osem group, a leading Israeli manufacturer of food products. Mr. Propper served as the Chief Executive Officer of Osem for 25 years until April 2006. In addition to his role at Osem, from 1993 until 1999, Mr. Propper served as President of the Manufacturers Association of Israel, an independent umbrella organization representing industrial enterprises in Israel, and as Chairman of the Federation of Economic Organizations in Israel, which unites economic and business organizations that represents all business sectors in Israel. Mr. Propper has received numerous awards for his contributions to the Israeli industry and economy, including an honorary Doctorate from the Technion Israel Institute of Technology in 1999. Mr. Propper serves as a member of the board of directors of Osem Investments Ltd. and a number of private companies. Mr. Propper is also a member of the board of the Technion, the Weizmann Institute of Science and Ben-Gurion University in Israel.
50
Mr. Propper earned a B.Sc. (summa cum laude) in Chemical Engineering and Food Technology from the Technion.
Ray Rothrock has served on our board of directors since 1995. Mr. Rothrock has also served as one of our outside directors under the Israeli Companies Law since 2000. Mr. Rothrock is a Partner of Venrock Associates, a venture capital firm, where he has been a member since 1988 and a general partner since 1995. Mr. Rothrock is also a director of a number of private companies. Mr. Rothrock received a B.S. in Engineering from Texas A&M University, an M.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and an M.B.A. from the Harvard Business School.
David Rubner has served on our board of directors since 1999. Mr. Rubner is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Rubner Technology Ventures Ltd., a venture capital firm, and is a general partner in Hyperion Israel Advisors Ltd., a venture capital fund. Prior to founding Rubner Technology Ventures, Mr. Rubner served as President and Chief Executive Officer of ECI Telecommunications Ltd., a provider of telecommunications networking infrastructure solutions from September 1991 to February 2000. Prior to his appointment as President and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Rubner held various management positions in ECI Telecom. Mr. Rubner serves as a member of the boards of directors of Elbit Imaging Ltd., Messaging International Ltd., Radware Ltd. and a number of private companies. Mr. Rubner is also a member of the Board of Trustees of Bar-Ilan University and Shaare Zedek Hospital, and chairman of the Petach-Tikva Foundation. Mr. Rubner holds a B.S. in Engineering from Queen Mary College, University of London and an M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University, and he was a recipient of the Industry Prize in 1995.
Dr. Tal Shavit has served on our board of directors since 2000. Dr. Shavit is an organizational consultant specializing in international collaboration between Israeli and American companies, consulting in the management of cultural differences in order to forge effective collaboration. Her work with leading management teams includes a defining of organizational culture as the engine of the companys activities. She consults with companies undergoing structural change with emphasis on organizational growth through effective mergers and acquisitions and a redefining of management roles in order to meet market changes.
Of the individuals mentioned above, only Gil Shwed and Marius Nacht owned more than one percent of our outstanding shares as of December 31, 2010. Additional details are provided in this Item 6, under the caption Share ownership and in Item 7 Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.
Some of our directors are board members of multiple companies, some of which may be technology companies. The board of directors has determined that there are no current conflicts of interest with respect to any of our directors.
The terms of Gil Shwed, Marius Nacht, Jerry Ungerman, Irwin Federman, Dan Propper, Ray Rothrock, David Rubner and Dr. Tal Shavit, will expire at our 2011 annual meeting of shareholders. The terms of Yoav Chelouche and Guy Gecht will expire at our 2012 annual meeting of shareholders.
Compensation of Directors and Officers
The total direct cash compensation that we accrued for our directors and executive officers as a group was approximately $1.4 million each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009, and approximately $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. This does not include amounts accrued for expenses related to business travel, professional and business association dues, and other business expenses reimbursed to officers. We do not have any agreements with our directors who are also officers that provide for benefits upon termination of employment, except for severance payments mandated by Israeli law for all employees employed in Israel. In addition, only directors who are not officers receive compensation for serving as directors.
From time to time, we grant options and awards under our stock option and equity incentive plans (described below) to our executive officers and directors. Option grants to directors who are not officers are
51
made pursuant to the automatic option grant program under these plans, while option and other award grants to directors who are officers are made only with audit committee, board of directors and shareholder approval.
Our non-employee directors receive an automatic option grant under the 2005 U.S. Plan or the 2005 Israel Plan (but not both), and are also eligible for discretionary awards under the plans. Currently, automatic option grants under the 2005 U.S. Plan are made to non-employee directors who are citizens or residents of the United States or other countries other than Israel, and automatic option grants under the 2005 Israel Plan are made to non-employee directors who are citizens or residents of Israel.
Each non-employee director who is first elected or appointed to the board of directors is granted an option to purchase 50,000 ordinary shares on the date of the initial election or appointment, vesting in equal annual installments over a four-year period. On the date of each annual general meeting of shareholders, each non-employee director who is to continue to serve as a non-employee director after the annual meeting is granted an option to purchase an additional 25,000 ordinary shares, of which 50% vest six months after the grant date, 25% vest nine months after the grant date, and another 25% vest a year after the grant date, provided that the director has served as a non-employee director for at least six months prior to the date of the annual meeting. The directors in office immediately prior to the date of initial appointment or election, or of the annual meeting, as applicable, may determine to reduce the initial or annual grant to all non-employee directors or specific non-employee directors.
All options to directors are granted at an exercise price equal to 100% of the closing price of the ordinary shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on the date of grant.
As of December 31, 2010, our executive officers and directors held options to purchase an aggregate of approximately 8.32 million shares and held 9,036 restricted stock units under our stock option and equity incentive plans. The exercise prices of these options range between $16.8 and $29.49, and their expiration dates range between June 2011 and June 2017. During 2010, we granted our executive officers and directors options to purchase an aggregate of approximately 1.76 million shares and 9,036 restricted stock units under our stock option and equity incentive plans. The exercise price of these options range between $29.49 and $33.20, and their expiration dates range between January 2017 and June 2017. Other than as specified in the share ownership table under the caption Share ownership below, none of our directors and executive officers holds more than 1% of our outstanding shares.
Board Practices
Our board of directors currently consists of ten members. Under our articles of association, the board is to consist of between six and twelve members. Each director (other than an outside director as described below) is elected to serve until the next annual general meeting of shareholders and until his or her successor has been elected. Each executive officer is elected by the board of directors and serves at the discretion of the board. All of our executive officers and directors, other than non-employee directors, devote substantially all of their working time to our business. There are no family relationships among any of our directors, officers or key employees.
Our articles of association provide that any director may, by written notice to us, appoint another person to serve as an alternate director or may cancel the appointment of an alternate director. Any person eligible to serve as a director, other than a person who is already a director or an alternate director, may act as an alternate director. The term of appointment of an alternate director may be for one meeting of the board, for a specified period of time, a specified meeting or action of the board or until notice is given of the cancellation of the appointment. No director has appointed, and, to our knowledge, no director currently intends to appoint, any other person as an alternate director.
Outside and Independent Directors
Outside directors. In accordance with the Israeli Companies Law and the relevant regulations, we must have at least two outside directors who meet the Israeli statutory requirements of independence. At least one of the
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outside directors is required to have financial and accounting expertise and the other outside director or directors are required to have professional expertise, all as defined under the Companies Law. Our board of directors has determined that Yoav Chelouche and Irwin Federman have financial and accounting expertise, and Guy Gecht and Ray Rothrock have professional expertise.
An outside director serves for a term of three years, which may be extended for additional three-year terms. An outside director can be removed from office only under very limited circumstances. All of the outside directors must serve on the companys audit committee (including one outside director serving as the chair of the audit committee), and at least one outside director must serve on each committee of the board of directors. As of December 31, 2010, Yoav Chelouche, Irwin Federman, Guy Gecht and Ray Rothrock are our outside directors under the Israeli Companies Law. Irwin Federmans and Ray Rothrocks term of office will expire in 2011, and Yoav Chelouches and Guy Gechts term of office will expire in 2012.
Independent directors. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the NASDAQ Global Select Market, requires issuers to comply with various corporate governance practices. Under the rules applicable to us as a foreign private issuer, we are required to have a majority of independent directors within the meaning of the applicable NASDAQ regulations. Our board of directors complies with these requirements by including a majority of members who are independent directors within the meaning of the applicable NASDAQ regulations.
Pursuant to a recent amendment to the Israeli Companies Law that will take effect in 2011, an Israeli company whose shares are publicly traded may elect to adopt a provision in its articles of association pursuant to which a majority of its board of directors (or a third of its board of directors in case the company has a controlling shareholder) will constitute individuals complying with certain independence criteria prescribed by the Companies Law, as well as certain other recommended corporate governance provisions. Although the amendment has not yet taken effect, we do not expect to include these provisions in our articles of association because our board of directors already complies with the independence requirements and the corporate governance rules of the NASDAQ Global Select Market, as described below. In any event, a majority of our board of directors and all the members of our audit committee are directors who comply with the independence criteria prescribed by the Companies Law.
As of December 31, 2010, Yoav Chelouche, Irwin Federman, Guy Gecht, Dan Propper, Ray Rothrock, David Rubner and Tal Shavit are our independent directors under the applicable NASDAQ regulations and the Companies Law. Our independent directors have regularly held meetings at which only independent directors are present.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our articles of association provide that the board of directors may delegate all of its powers to committees of the board as it deems appropriate, subject to the provisions of Israeli law. Our board of directors has established an audit committee, compensation committee and nominating committee.
Audit committee. Under the Israeli Companies Law, the board of directors of any public company must establish an audit committee. The audit committee must consist of at least three directors, must include all of the outside directors (including one outside director serving as the chair of the audit committee), and a majority of the committee members must comply with the director independence requirements prescribed by the Companies Law.
The audit committee may not include the chairman of the board, or any director employed by us, by a controlling shareholder or by any entity controlled by a controlling shareholder, or any director providing services to us, to a controlling shareholder or to any entity controlled by a controlling shareholder on a regular basis, or any director whose income is primarily dependent on a controlling shareholder, and may not include a controlling shareholder or any relatives of a controlling shareholder. Individuals who are not permitted to be
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audit committee members may not participate in the committees meetings other than to present a particular issue. However, an employee who is not a controlling shareholder or relative may participate in the committees discussions but not in any vote, and the companys legal counsel and corporate secretary may participate in the committees discussions and votes if requested by the committee.
In addition, the NASDAQ regulations also require us to maintain an audit committee consisting of at least three directors, all of whom must be independent under the NASDAQ regulations applicable to audit committee members. Irwin Federman is the chairman of the audit committee. Yoav Chelouche, Guy Gecht, Ray Rothrock and David Rubner serve as the other members of our audit committee. The audit committee has adopted an audit committee charter as required by the NASDAQ regulations.
The audit committees duties include providing assistance to the board of directors in fulfilling its legal and fiduciary obligations in matters involving our accounting, auditing, financial reporting, internal control and legal compliance functions. In this respect the audit committee approves the services performed by our independent accountants and reviews their reports regarding our accounting practices and systems of internal accounting controls. The audit committee also oversees the audits conducted by our independent accountants and takes those actions, as it deems necessary to satisfy itself that the accountants are independent of management. Under the Israeli Companies Law, the audit committee also is required to monitor whether there are any deficiencies in the administration of our company, including by consulting with the internal auditor and independent accountant, to review, classify and approve related party transactions and extraordinary transactions, to review the internal auditors audit plan and to establish and monitor whistleblower procedures.
Under the Companies Law, a meeting of the audit committee is properly convened if a majority of the committee members attend the meeting, and in addition a majority of the attending committee members are independent directors within the meaning of the Companies Law and include at least one outside director.
Compensation committee. Our compensation committee consists of Irwin Federman, Guy Gecht and Ray Rothrock. The compensation committees duties include making recommendations to the board of directors regarding the issuance of employee equity incentives under our equity incentive plans, and determining salaries and bonuses for some of our executive officers and incentives for our other employees. The compensation committee has adopted a compensation committee charter.
Nominating committee. The nominating committee identifies prospective board candidates, recommends nominees for election to our board of directors, develops and recommends board member selection criteria, considers committee member qualification, supervises the selection and composition of committees of our board of directors, and provides oversight in the evaluation of our board of directors and each committee. Our nominating committee consists of Irwin Federman, Ray Rothrock, David Rubner and Tal Shavit. The nominating committee has adopted a nominating committee charter.
Employees
As of December 31, 2010, we had 2,239 employees.
Over the past three years, the number of our employees by function was as follows:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
Function: | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||
Research, development and quality assurance |
678 | 740 | 802 | |||||||||
Marketing, sales and business development |
701 | 804 | 864 | |||||||||
Customer support |
222 | 284 | 296 | |||||||||
Information systems, administration, finance and operations |
283 | 284 | 277 | |||||||||
Total |
1,884 | 2,112 | 2,239 | |||||||||
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From time to time, we also engage a limited number of subcontractors. As of December 31, 2010, we had 80 contractors.
Over the past three years, the number of our employees by geographic area was as follows:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
Region: | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||
Israel |
812 | 866 | 973 | |||||||||
United States |
617 | 675 | 632 | |||||||||
Rest of the World |
455 | 571 | 634 | |||||||||
Total |
1,884 | 2,112 | 2,239 | |||||||||
We are subject to Israeli labor laws and regulations with respect to our Israeli employees. The Israeli labor laws differ materially from U.S. labor laws and, in some cases, impose material obligations on us (such as severance pay and mandatory cost of living increases). We are also subject to the labor laws and regulations of other jurisdictions in the world where we have employees.
Share Ownership
The following table shows information regarding beneficial ownership by our directors and executive officers as of January 31, 2011. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
All information with respect to the beneficial ownership of any principal shareholder has been furnished by such shareholder and, unless otherwise indicated below, we believe that persons named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all of the shares shown as beneficially owned, subject to community property laws, where applicable. The shares beneficially owned by the directors include the shares owned by their family members to which such directors disclaim beneficial ownership.
The share numbers and percentages listed below are based on 208,814,893 shares outstanding as of January 31, 2011.
Name |
Number of shares beneficially owned (1) |
% of class of shares (2) |
Title of securities covered by the options |
Number of options (3) |
Exercise price | Date of expiration | ||||||||||||||||||
Gil Shwed |
31,863,666 | 14.8 | % | Ordinary shares | 6,900,000 | $ | 16.80 - $29.49 | 09/26/2012-06/28/2017 | ||||||||||||||||
Marius Nacht (4) |
20,459,486 | 9.8 | % | Ordinary shares | ||||||||||||||||||||
All directors and officers as a group (11 persons including Messrs. Shwed and Nacht) (5) |
53,798,734 | 24.8 | % | Ordinary shares | 8,244,780 | $ | 16.80 - $33.20 | 06/29/2011-06/28/2017 |
(1) | The number of ordinary shares shown includes shares that each shareholder has the right to acquire pursuant to stock options that are exercisable within 60 days after January 31, 2011 (as determined in accordance with footnote (3)). |
(2) | If a shareholder has the right to acquire shares by exercising stock options (as determined in accordance with footnote (3)), these shares are deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage owned by the specific shareholder (that is, they are included in both the numerator and the denominator), but they are disregarded for the purpose of computing the percentage owned by any other shareholder. |
(3) | Number of options immediately exercisable or exercisable within 60 days from January 31, 2011. The exercise price of some of these options is greater than our current share market price. |
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(4) | In addition to the amount above for which Mr. Nacht claims beneficial ownership, Mr. Nacht is the beneficiary of a trust that holds 1,870,500 shares. The trust, which was initially established in May 2005, is irrevocable and is currently scheduled to expire in May 2011. Mr. Nacht does not control the trust and has limited access to information concerning activities and holdings of the trust. Mr. Nacht disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held in the trust. |
(5) | Each of Messrs. Ungerman, Payne, Chelouche, Federman, Gecht, Propper, Rothrock, Rubner and Dr. Shavit beneficially owns less than one percent of our outstanding ordinary shares. |
Equity Incentive Plans
The following table summarizes our equity incentive plans as of December 31, 2010:
Plan |
Share reserved |
Option and RSUs grants net (*) |
Outstanding options and RSUs |
Options outstanding exercise price |
Date of expiration | Options and RSUs exercisable RSUs that are vested are no longer exercisable since they are issued into shares |
||||||||||||||||||
2005 United States Equity Incentive Plan |
30,000,000 | 1,996,319 | 1,222,885 | $ | 16.80-$43.95 | 09/26/2012-11/09/2017 | 655,010 | |||||||||||||||||
2005 Israel Equity Incentive Plan |
45,000,000 | 11,770,806 | 10,323,816 | $ | 16.80-$35.79 | 09/26/2012-06/28/2017 | 5,542,398 | |||||||||||||||||
1996 United States Stock Option Plan |
40,847,520 | 40,847,520 | 306,943 | $ | 20.74-$26.99 | 04/17/2011-07/24/2012 | 306,911 | |||||||||||||||||
1996 Israel Stock Option Plan |
36,227,300 | 36,227,300 | 3,550,188 | $ | 21.38-$26.99 | 04/17/2011-09/26/2012 | 2,148,222 | |||||||||||||||||
Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan |
2,461,943 | 2,461,943 | 23,565 | $4.42-$6.08 | 03/25/2011-02/16/2014 | 23,565 | ||||||||||||||||||
Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
6,000,000 | 3,895,028 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pointsec Stock Option Plan |
488,633 | 488,633 | 18,565 | $19.45 | 02/28/2012 | 18,565 |
(*) | Grants net is calculated by subtracting options expired or forfeited. |
In 2005, we adopted our 2005 United States Equity Incentive Plan, which we refer to as the 2005 U.S. Plan; and our 2005 Israel Equity Incentive Plan, which we refer to as the 2005 Israel Plan. Both of these plans are in effect until 2015. Following ratification of the new plans by our shareholders in September 2005, we stopped issuing options under our 1996 United States Stock Option Plan and 1996 Israel Stock Option Plan.
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Number of Ordinary Shares Reserved for Future Grants under 2005 Plans
We initially reserved a total of 50,000,000 ordinary shares for future grants under the 2005 U.S. plan and the 2005 Israel plan (specifically, 20,000,000 ordinary shares under the 2005 U.S. Plan, and 30,000,000 ordinary shares under the 2005 Israel Plan). These are in addition to the shares issuable upon the exercise of options outstanding under our 1996 United States Stock Option Plan, our 1996 Israel Stock Option Plan, the Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan, and Pointsec Mobile Technologies 2003, 2005 and 2006 Stock Option Plans, and the shares issuable under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which are described in greater detail below. Since January 2006, this number increases automatically by an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares a year for both plans combined, of which 2,000,000 ordinary shares are added each January 1st to the number of shares reserved under the 2005 U.S. Plan, and 3,000,000 ordinary shares are added each January 1st to the number of shares reserved under the 2005 Israel Plan.
Any ordinary shares subject to awards under our 2005 U.S. Plan or 2005 Israel Plan are deducted from the number of ordinary shares reserved for issuance under that plan. If any ordinary shares are issued as Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), or Performance Shares under our 2005 U.S. Plan or 2005 Israel Plan, and they have a per share or unit purchase price lower than 100% of the fair market value on the date of grant, twice this number of ordinary shares is deducted from the number of ordinary shares reserved for issuance under that plan. Shares that are issued pursuant to any award under our 2005 U.S. Plan or 2005 Israel Plan are not returned to the plan. However, if an award under our 2005 U.S. Plan or 2005 Israel Plan expires or becomes unexercisable without having been exercised in full, or is forfeited, or repurchased by us at its original price due to the failure to vest, the shares which were subject to the award, become available for future grant or sale under that plan.
As of December 31, 2010, we had granted options to purchase an aggregate of 12,552,690 ordinary shares under the 2005 U.S. Plan and the 2005 Israel Plan combined, of which options to purchase 10,292,340 ordinary shares were outstanding on that date. The option exercise prices range between $16.80 and $43.95 per share. As of December 31, 2010, we had granted an aggregate of 3,432,065 RSUs under the 2005 U.S. Plan and the 2005 Israel Plan combined, of which 1,254,361 RSUs were outstanding on that date.
Administration
Both the 2005 U.S. Plan and the 2005 Israel Plan are administered by our board of directors or a committee of our board. The compensation committee of our board of directors currently operates as the administrator of the plans. The administrator has full power to determine the persons to whom awards shall be granted and the other terms of the awards granted, including (a) the number of shares subject to each award, (b) the duration of the related award agreement, (c) the time, manner and form of payment upon the exercise of an award, and (d) other terms and provisions governing the awards. The administrator also establishes the vesting schedule of awards that are granted.
2005 United States Equity Incentive Plan
Awards. The 2005 U.S. Plan provides for the following kinds of awards, which we refer to generically as awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options (ISOs), (ii) Non-statutory Stock Options (NSOs), (iii) Restricted Stock, (iv) Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), (v) Performance Shares, (vi) Performance Units, and (vii) Deferred Stock Units. All of these awards can vest based on time or performance milestones.
Granting of options, price and duration. Our 2005 U.S. Plan provides that each option will expire on the date stated in the notice of grant, which will not be more than seven years from its date of grant (or five years, in the case of an ISO granted to a person who on the date of grant owns 10% or more of our voting power). The exercise price of an option cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant (or 110% of the fair market value, in the case of an ISO granted to a person who on the date of grant owns 10% or more of our voting power). The administrator will fix the period within which the award can be exercised and the exercise price. No award can vest until at least six months after the grant date.
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Granting of awards other than options and price. The administrator can determine the conditions that must be satisfied, which typically will be based principally or solely on the recipients continuing to provide services to us, but conditions may also include a performance-based component. We can issue ordinary shares under grants of Restricted Stock, RSUs, Performance Shares and Performance Units upon payment of their nominal value. No award can vest until at least one year after the grant date. Deferred Stock Units consist of Restricted Stock, RSUs, Performance Shares or Performance Units that the administrator permits to be paid out in installments or on a deferred basis.
2005 Israel Equity Incentive Plan
Awards. The 2005 Israel Plan provides for the following kinds of awards, which we refer to generically as awards: (i) Approved 102 Options/Shares, which are grants to employees and officers that are eligible for favorable tax treatment in Israel and which must be held by a trustee for a minimum period; (ii) Non-approved 102 Options/Shares, which are grants of options or shares that are not eligible for favorable tax treatment in Israel and which may be held directly by the participants; (iii) Restricted Stock; (iv) RSUs; (v) Performance Shares; (vi) Performance Units; and (vii) Deferred Stock Units. All of these awards can vest based on time or performance milestones.
Trustee. A trustee designated by our board of directors and approved by the Israel Tax Authority must hold any shares allocated or issued upon exercise of Approved 102 Options or other shares subsequently received following any realization of rights, including bonus shares (stock dividends), for at least the period of time specified by Section 102 of Israels Income Tax Ordinance.
Granting of options, price and duration. Our 2005 Israel Plan provides that each option will expire on the date stated in the option agreement, which will not be more than seven years from its date of grant. The exercise price of an option cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The administrator will fix the period within which the award can be exercised and the exercise price. No option can vest until at least six months after the grant date.
Granting of awards, other than options, and price. The administrator can determine the conditions that must be satisfied, which typically will be based principally or solely on the recipients continuing to provide services to us, but conditions may also include a performance-based component. We can issue ordinary shares under grants of Restricted Stock, RSUs, Performance Shares and Performance Units upon payment of their nominal value. No award can vest until at least one year after the grant date. Deferred Stock Units consist of Restricted Stock, RSUs, Performance Shares, or Performance Units that the administrator permits to be paid out in installments or on a deferred basis.
Change of control arrangements. Upon a change of control of us, if the acquirer refuses to assume or provide substitute awards, then the administrator of the equity plans, which is currently the compensation committee of our board of directors, can either terminate all unvested awards or accelerate the vesting period of any award under our 2005 U.S. Plan and our 2005 Israel Plan. The administrator also has the authority to accelerate the vesting of the ordinary shares subject to outstanding awards held by our directors, officers, and employees in connection with the subsequent termination of some officers employment following a change of control event.
1996 United States Stock Option Plan and 1996 Israel Stock Option Plan
As of December 31, 2010, we had outstanding options to acquire an aggregate of 3,857,131 ordinary shares under our 1996 United States Stock Option Plan and 1996 Israel Stock Option Plan combined. The option exercise prices range between $20.74 and $26.99 per share. We do not issue any more stock options under our 1996 United States Stock Option Plan and 1996 Israel Stock Option Plan.
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Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan
In connection with our acquisition of Zone Labs in March 2004, we assumed all of the outstanding Zone Labs stock options under the Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan, which were converted into options to purchase approximately 2.8 million of our ordinary shares. As of December 31, 2010, 2,438,378 ordinary shares had been issued under the Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan, and options to purchase 23,565 ordinary shares were outstanding on that date. The stock options generally have terms of between five and ten years and all the outstanding options are immediately exercisable. The option exercise prices range between $4.42 and $6.08 per share. No further stock options can be granted under the Zone Labs 1998 Stock Option Plan.
Protect Data Stock Option Plans
In connection with our acquisition of Protect Data in 2007, we assumed all of the outstanding options to purchase shares of Protect Data issued under the Pointsec Mobile Technologies 2003, 2005 and 2006 Stock Option Plans, which were converted into options to purchase 751,769 of our ordinary shares. As of December 31, 2010, we had outstanding options to acquire an aggregate of 18,565 ordinary shares under these plans combined.
The options generally have terms of between five and six years and all the outstanding options are immediately exercisable. The option exercise price for the outstanding options is $19.45 per share. No further stock options can be granted under these plans.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In 1996, we adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which we refer to as the ESPP. The ESPP permits our full-time employees (and full-time employees of some of our subsidiaries) to purchase ordinary shares through payroll deductions. Under the ESPP, 6,000,000 ordinary shares were authorized for issuance. As of December 31, 2010, 3,895,028 ordinary shares had been issued under the ESPP. The ESPP has six-month offering periods, with purchases occurring in January and July. The compensation committee of our board of directors administers the ESPP. The ESPP will terminate on the earliest of (i) the last business day in January 2016, (ii) when no more shares are available for issuance under the ESPP, or (iii) when all purchase rights under the ESPP are granted or exercised in connection with a Corporate Transaction as defined in the ESPP.
An eligible employee can purchase ordinary shares at a price of 85% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares at the beginning of the six-month offering period (or 85% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares on the semi-annual purchase date, if that is lower). Each eligible employee can elect to purchase ordinary shares under the ESPP in an amount of up to 15% of the employees compensation, but not more than 1,250 shares per participant on any purchase date. Employees may terminate their participation in the ESPP at any time during the offering period, and participation ends automatically on termination of employment with us. Each outstanding purchase right will be exercised immediately prior to our merger or consolidation with another company. Our board of directors may amend or terminate the ESPP immediately after the close of any purchase date. The board may not, unless shareholders approve, materially increase the number of ordinary shares available for issuance, reduce the purchase price payable for ordinary shares, or materially modify the eligibility requirements for participation or the benefits available to participants.
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ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
The following table shows information as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, for each person who, to the best of our knowledge, beneficially owned more than 5% of our outstanding ordinary shares as December 31, 2010:
Name of Five Percent |
No. of shares beneficially held (1) |
% of class of shares (2) |
No. of shares beneficially held (1) |
% of class of shares (2) |
No. of shares beneficially held (1) |
% of class of shares (2) |
||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2008 | December 31, 2009 | December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gil Shwed |
34,314,442 | 15.6 | % | 32,763,434 | 15.1% | 31,963,633 | 14.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Marius Nacht (3) |
20,253,945 | 9.6 | % | 19,101,796 | 9.1% | 20,459,486 | 9.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||
FMR LLC (4) |
10,756,471 | 5.2% | 17,384,447 |
(1) | The amount includes ordinary shares owned by each of the individuals, directly or indirectly, and options immediately exercisable or that are exercisable within 60 days from December 31st, of each of the years shown in this table. The exercise price of some of these options is greater than our current share market price. |
(2) | If a shareholder has the right to acquire shares by exercising stock options exercisable within 60 days from December 31st, of each of the years shown in this table, these shares are deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage owned by the specific shareholder (that is, they are included in both the numerator and the denominator), but they are disregarded for the purpose of computing the percentage owned by any other shareholder. |
(3) | In addition to the amount above for which Mr. Nacht claims beneficial ownership, Mr. Nacht is the beneficiary of a trust that holds 1,870,500 shares. Mr. Nacht does not control the trust and has limited access to information concerning activities and holdings of the trust. Mr. Nacht disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held in the trust. |
(4) | As of December 31, 2009 and 2010, based on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed by FMR LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 16, 2010, and in a Schedule 13G/A filed by FMR LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2011. Based on a Schedule 13G/A filed by FMR LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 10, 2011, as of March 9, 2011, the number of shares beneficially owned increased to 20,894,405. Based on information available to us, as of December 31, 2008, FMR LLC did not beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding ordinary shares. The address for FMR LLC is 82 Devonshire Street, Boston Massachusetts 02109. |
Our major shareholders do not have different voting rights from other shareholders with respect to our ordinary shares.
According to our transfer agent, as of December 31, 2010, there were 196 holders of record of our ordinary shares in the United States, representing approximately 69% of our outstanding shares. The number of record holders in the United States is not representative of the number of beneficial holders nor is it representative of where such beneficial holders are resident since many of these ordinary shares were held by brokers or other nominees.
We are not controlled by another corporation or by any foreign government, directly or through any other entity. Each of our outstanding ordinary shares has identical rights in all respects.
As of December 31, 2006, we had employee and payroll accrual for related parties, for the years 1999 through 2006, in a total amount of $8.9 million. As of December 31, 2007, we had employee and payroll accrual for related parties in the amount of $7.9 million, for the years 1999 through 2007. As of December 31, 2008, this accrual decreased to a total of $5.6 million, for the years 2001 through 2007. As of December 31, 2009, this accrual decreased to a total of $5.3 million, for the years 2002 through 2005. As of December 31, 2010, this accrual decreased to a total of $4.5 million, for the years 2002 through 2007.
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ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Consolidated Financial Statements
You can find our financial statements in Item 18 Financial Statements.
Dividend policy. Out of our retained earnings of $3,429 million as of December 31, 2010, approximately $1,412 million are from tax-exempt income because they are attributable to our facilities status as Approved Enterprises and Privileged Enterprises under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 (the Law). Our board of directors has currently resolved not to distribute any dividend from our undistributed tax-exempt income. The undistributed tax-exempt income is currently expected to be essentially permanent by reinvesting.
Legal Proceedings
We operate our business in various countries, and accordingly attempt to utilize an efficient operating model to structure our tax payments based on the laws in the countries in which we operate. This can cause disputes between us and various tax authorities in different parts of the world.
In particular, following audits of our 2002 through 2005 corporate tax returns, the Israeli Tax Authority (the ITA) issued orders challenging our positions on several issues, including matters such as the usage of funds earned by our approved enterprise for investments outside of Israel, deductibility of employee stock options expenses, percentage of foreign ownership of our shares, taxation of interest earned outside of Israel and deductibility of research and development expenses. The largest amount in dispute relates to the treatment of financial income on cash that is held and managed by our wholly-owned Singapore subsidiary, which the ITA is seeking to tax in Israel. In an additional challenge to this amount, the ITA reclassified the transfer of funds from Check Point to our subsidiary in Singapore as a dividend for purposes of the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, which would result in tax on the funds transferred. The ITA orders also contest our positions on various other issues. The ITA therefore demanded the payment of additional taxes in the aggregate amount of NIS 1,412 million with respect to these four years (this amount includes interest through the respective assessment dates). We have appealed the orders relating to all four years with the Tel Aviv District Court, and these appeals are pending. There can be no assurance that the court will accept our positions on these matters or others and, in such an event, we may record additional tax expenses if these matters are settled for amounts in excess of our current provisions. In addition, the ITA has issued preliminary assessments for 2006 and 2007 in which it demanded the payment of additional taxes in the aggregate amount of NIS 410 million with respect to these two years, including interest through the assessment date of August 2, 2009. We have filed objections to these assessments and the ITA is currently conducting a re-examination. There can be no assurance that the ITA will accept our positions on matters raised and, if it does not, an order will be issued.
We are currently named as a defendant in four patent related lawsuits. All of the lawsuits were filed against multiple security vendors and all of the plaintiffs are non-practicing entities. They are businesses established to hold the patents and they are seeking monetary damages by alleging that a product feature infringes a patent. We currently intend to vigorously defend these claims. However, as with most litigation, the outcome is difficult to determine.
In the first quarter of 2011, we settled all litigation relating to our SofaWare subsidiary. As part of the settlement we acquired the SofaWare shares held by its co-founders, bringing our total SofaWare holdings to almost 90% of the outstanding shares. We are currently in the process of acquiring the remaining shares, and we expect that SofaWare will become a wholly-owned subsidiary.
Further, we are the defendant in various other lawsuits, including employment-related litigation claims, lease termination claims and other legal proceedings in the normal course of our business. Litigation and governmental proceedings can be expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations, and can require extensive management attention and resources, regardless of their merit. While we currently intend to defend the aforementioned matters vigorously, we cannot predict the results of complex legal proceedings, and an unfavorable resolution of a lawsuit or proceeding could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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ITEM 9. | THE OFFER AND LISTING |
Our ordinary shares are traded publicly on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol CHKP.
The following table lists the high and low prices of the ordinary shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market for the periods indicated:
High | Low | |||||||
Year |
||||||||
2006 |
$ | 22.90 | $ | 16.47 | ||||
2007 |
26.57 | 20.58 | ||||||
2008 |
25.58 | 17.43 | ||||||
2009 |
34.27 | 19.74 | ||||||
2010 |
46.26 | 29.17 | ||||||
2009 |
||||||||
First quarter |
23.34 | 19.74 | ||||||
Second quarter |
25.18 | 21.95 | ||||||
Third quarter |
28.63 | 22.24 | ||||||
Fourth quarter |
34.27 | 27.96 | ||||||
2010 |
||||||||
First quarter |
35.07 | 31.98 | ||||||
Second quarter |
36.23 | 29.48 | ||||||
Third quarter |
36.93 | 29.17 | ||||||
Fourth quarter |
46.26 | 36.72 | ||||||
Most recent six months |
||||||||
September 2010 2006 |
36.93 | 34.00 | ||||||
October 2010 2006 |
42.88 | 36.72 | ||||||
November 2010 2006 |
43.95 | 42.59 | ||||||
December 2010 2006 |
46.26 | 44.07 | ||||||
January 2011 2007 |
48.36 | 44.55 | ||||||
February 2011 2007 |
51.60 | 45.47 | ||||||
March 2011 (through March 22, 2011) 2007 |
50.44 | 49.02 |
On March 22, 2011, the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $49.02 per share.
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ITEM 10. | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
We were incorporated in Israel in July 1993, and we are registered with the Israeli Registrar of Companies as public company number 52-004282-1.
The objectives and purposes stated in our memorandum of association are to engage in any lawful activity. We develop market and support a wide range of software and combined hardware and software products and services for IT security, and offer our customers an extensive portfolio of network security, endpoint security, data security and management, Firewall and VPN solutions. A broad range of our network security solutions operate under a unified security architecture, with central management and enforcement of security policy, and with centralized real-time security updates. Our products and services are sold to enterprises, service providers, small and medium-sized businesses and consumers.
Articles of Association and Israeli Companies Law
The following is a summary of the material provisions of our articles of association and related provisions of Israeli corporate law. For the complete text of our articles of association, see Item 19 Exhibits.
Description of shares
Our authorized share capital consists of the following: (i) 500,000,000 ordinary shares, NIS 0.01 nominal value; (ii) 5,000,000 preferred shares, NIS 0.01 nominal value; and (iii) 10 deferred shares, NIS 1 nominal value.
Description of ordinary shares
All of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares are validly issued, fully paid, and non-assessable. The ordinary shares do not have pre-emptive rights. Our memorandum of association, our articles of association, and Israeli law do not restrict in any way the ownership or voting of our ordinary shares by non-residents of Israel, except with respect to citizens of countries that are in a state of war with Israel.
Dividend and liquidation rights. The holders of our ordinary shares will be entitled to their proportionate share of any cash dividend, share dividend, or dividend in kind distributed with respect to our ordinary shares. This right may be changed if shares with special dividend rights are authorized in the future. Under the Israeli Companies Law, we may declare dividends out of the higher of retained earnings and earnings generated over the two most recent years (the profits test), in either case, provided that our board of directors reasonably believes that the dividend will not render us unable to meet our current or foreseeable obligations when due (the solvency test). Even if we do not comply with the profits test, a court may allow us to distribute a dividend as long as the court is convinced that the solvency test is fulfilled.
Our articles of association provide that the board of directors may declare and distribute interim dividends without the approval of the shareholders. Shareholder approval is required for the payment of a final dividend proposed by the board of directors, but shareholders cannot approve a final dividend that is greater than the boards proposal. In addition, once an interim dividend has been declared and paid, it cannot be affected by any subsequent resolution of the shareholders or the shareholders failure to approve a final dividend.
In the event of our liquidation, holders of our ordinary shares have the equal right to participate in the distribution of assets remaining after payment of liabilities. This right may be changed if shares with special liquidation or dividend rights are issued in the future.
Voting, shareholder meetings and resolutions. Holders of ordinary shares have one vote for each ordinary share held on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. This right may be changed if shares with special voting rights are issued in the future.
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Under the Israeli Companies Law, we must hold an annual meeting of our shareholders once every calendar year and not more than 15 months from the date of the previous annual shareholders meeting. The board of directors determines the location of the meeting, which can be in Israel or elsewhere. In addition, our board of directors may, in its discretion, convene additional meetings as special shareholders meetings. The board of directors is also required to convene a special shareholders meeting upon the demand of any of the following: (i) two directors; (ii) one quarter of the directors in office; (iii) the holder or holders of 5% of our outstanding share capital and 1% of our voting power; or (iv) the holder or holders of 5% of our voting power. Our articles of association provide that each shareholder of record is entitled to receive prior notice of any shareholders meeting in accordance with the requirements of the Israeli Companies Law. The law currently provides for at least 21 days notice, with certain specified matters requiring at least 35 days notice. For purposes of determining the shareholders entitled to notice and to vote at such meeting, the board of directors may fix a record date, which shall be between 4 and 40 days prior to the date of the meeting.
The quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists of at least two shareholders present in person or by proxy and holding more than 50% of the voting power. The chairman of the board of directors presides at each of our shareholders meetings. The chairman of the meeting does not have an additional or casting vote. A meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum will be adjourned to the same day in the following week, at the same time and place, or to the day, time and place that the chairman determines, with the consent of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy and voting on the question of adjournment. At the reconvened meeting, the required quorum consists of any two shareholders, regardless of the number of shares they hold or represent.
The Israeli Companies Law requires that shareholders approve certain transactions, actions and arrangements, as described below under the caption Approval of certain transactions; obligations of directors, officers and shareholders.
Shareholders resolutions will be deemed adopted if approved by the holders of a majority of the voting power voting at a shareholders meeting, except for the following decisions which require a different majority:
(1) | A special or extraordinary resolution (such as a resolution amending our memorandum of association or articles of association). A majority of at least 75% of the shares voting on the matter is needed. |
(2) | A voluntary liquidation process or a merger. A majority of at least 75% of the shares voting on the matter is needed. |
(3) | A compromise or arrangement between us and our creditors or shareholders, reorganization, stock split or reverse split. This has to be approved by a majority in the number of the persons participating in the vote (except for those abstaining) who together hold at least 75% of the value represented at the vote. In addition, court approval is needed. |
(4) | The nomination and dismissal of outside directors. Outside directors may be elected or removed by a majority vote at a shareholders meeting, as long as either: |
(i) | The majority of shares includes a majority of the shares of non-controlling shareholders and shareholders who have no personal interest in the election of the outside directors (excluding a personal interest that is not related to a relationship with the controlling shareholders) voted at the meeting, or |
(ii) | The total number of shares of non-controlling shareholders and disinterested shareholders voted against the proposal does not exceed 2% of our aggregate voting rights. |
(5) | Extraordinary transactions with a controlling shareholder (i.e., any shareholder that has the ability to direct our actions, including any shareholder who holds 25% or more of our voting rights if no other shareholder owns more than 50% of our voting rights), with another person in which the controlling shareholder has a personal interest; or a transaction with a controlling shareholder (or a relative of such controlling shareholder) concerning terms of compensation for service as an office holder, or as a |
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service provider to the company, including through a company controlled by a controlling shareholder. Following audit committee and board of directors approval, these transactions must be approved by a majority vote at a shareholders meeting, as long as either: |
(i) | The majority of shares includes at least a majority of the shares of the voting shareholders who have no personal interest in the transaction, or |
(ii) | The total shareholdings of those who have no personal interest in the transaction and who vote against the transaction does not exceed 2% of our aggregate voting rights. |
Generally, the approval of such a transaction may not extend for more than three years, except that in the case of an extraordinary transaction with a controlling shareholder or in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest that does not concern terms of compensation for service as an office holder, or as a service provider to the company, the transaction may be approved for a longer period if the audit committee determines that the approval of the transaction for a period longer than three years is reasonable under the circumstances.
Transfer of shares. Fully paid ordinary shares are issued in registered form and, subject to applicable securities laws, may be transferred freely.
Election of directors. Our ordinary shares do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Therefore, the holders of shares representing more than 50% of the voting rights at the shareholders meeting, voting in person or by proxy, have the power to elect any or all of the directors whose positions are being filled at that meeting, subject to the special approval requirements for outside directors described above.
Chairman of the Board. Under the Companies Law, the general manager of a company (or a relative of the general manager) may not serve as the chairman of the board of directors, and the chairman of the board of directors (or a relative of the chairman of the board of directors) may not serve as the general manager, unless approved by the shareholders by a special majority vote prescribed by the Companies Law. In any event, the shareholder vote cannot authorize the appointment for a period longer than three years, which period may be extended from time to time by the shareholders with a similar special majority vote. The chairman of the board of directors shall not hold any other position with the company (except as general manager if approved in accordance with the above procedure) or in any entity controlled by the company, other than as chairman of the board of directors of a controlled entity, and the company shall not delegate to the chairman duties that, directly or indirectly, make him or her subordinate to the general manager.
Transfer agent and registrar. The transfer agent and registrar for our ordinary shares is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 59 Maiden Lane, Plaza Level, New York, NY 10038 U.S.A., Tel.: 718-921-8124.
Description of preferred shares
We have 5,000,000 preferred shares authorized. Our articles of association provide that the board of directors has the authority to issue the preferred shares in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of the preferred shares, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series, without further vote or action by the shareholders. If this provision withstands judicial scrutiny under the Israeli Companies Law, the issuance of preferred shares may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us without further action by the shareholders. For example, the board of directors could issue preferred shares with voting and conversion rights that may adversely affect the voting power of the holders of ordinary shares, including the loss of voting control to others. We currently have no plans to issue any preferred shares.
Anti-takeover measures
Some of the provisions of our articles of association and Israeli law could, together or separately:
| Discourage potential acquisition proposals, |
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| Delay or prevent a change in control, |
| Limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for our ordinary shares. |
Israeli corporate law regulates acquisitions of shares through tender offers and mergers; requires special approvals for transactions involving directors, officers or significant shareholders; and regulates other matters that may be relevant to these types of transactions.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, in the case of a merger, the shareholders and board of directors of each of the merging companies generally need to approve the merger. Shares held in one of the merging companies by the other merging company (or certain of its affiliates) are not counted toward the required approval. If a merging company has different classes of shares, the approval of each class may be required. Under the Israeli Companies Law, a merger of our company requires the approval of a supermajority of at least 75% of our shares that are voted on the merger. A merger cannot be completed until 30 days have passed after shareholder approval of each of the merging companies, all approvals have been submitted to the Israeli Registrar of Companies and 50 days have passed from the time that a proposal for approval of the merger is filed with the Registrar of Companies. In addition, a creditor can seek to block a merger on the ground that the surviving company will not be able to meet its obligations.
The Israeli Companies Law also provides that an acquisition of shares in a public company, such as our company, must be made by means of a tender offer, if as a result of the acquisition, the purchaser would become the holder of 25% or more of the voting rights in the company (unless there is another 25% shareholder of the company, or the shares are acquired from another 25% shareholder). Similarly, the Israeli Companies Law provides that an acquisition of shares in a public company, such as our company, must be made by means of a tender offer, if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would hold more than 45% of the shares of the company (unless there is another holder of more than 45% of the shares of the company, or the shares are acquired from another holder of more than 45% of the shares of the company). These rules do not apply if the acquisition takes the form of a merger.
Regulations promulgated under the Israeli Companies Law provide that these tender offer requirements do not apply to companies whose shares are listed for trading outside of Israel if, according to the law in the country in which the shares are traded or the rules and regulations of the stock exchange on which the shares are traded:
| There is a limitation on acquisition of any level of control of the company, or |
| The acquisition of any level of control requires the purchaser to make a tender offer to the public. |
The Israeli Companies Law provides specific rules and procedures for the acquisition of shares held by minority shareholders if the majority shareholder holds more than 90% of the outstanding shares. Israeli tax law treats specified acquisitions, including a stock-for-stock swap between an Israeli company and a foreign company, less favorably than does U.S. tax law.
In addition, our articles of association contain certain provisions that may make it more difficult to acquire us, such as the ability of our board of directors to issue preferred shares, as described above under the caption Description of preferred shares.
Our articles of association provide that we may not engage in any business combination with an interested shareholder for a period of three years after the date that the shareholder became an interested shareholder, unless:
| Prior to that date, the board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder; or |
| Upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owned at least 75% of our voting shares outstanding at the time the transaction commenced. |
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A business combination includes:
| Any merger or consolidation between the interested shareholder and us; |
| Any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of our assets in a transaction involving the interested shareholder; |
| Subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in our issuance or transfer of any of our shares to the interested shareholder; |
| Any transaction in which we are involved that has an effect of increasing the proportionate share of our shares, of any class or series, beneficially owned by the interested shareholder; or |
| The receipt by the interested shareholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits provided by or through us. |
In general, the articles of association define an interested shareholder as any entity or person that beneficially owns 15% or more of our outstanding voting shares and any entity or person affiliated with, controlling or controlled by such entity or person.
In addition, our shareholders are not able to cumulate votes at a meeting, which may require the acquirer to hold more shares to gain representation on the board of directors than if cumulative voting were permitted.
Approval of certain transactions; obligations of directors, officers and shareholders
Officers and directors. The Israeli Companies Law codifies the fiduciary duties that office holders, which under the law, includes our directors and executive officers, owe to a company.
Fiduciary duties. An office holders fiduciary duties consist of a duty of loyalty and a duty of care.
The duty of loyalty requires an office holder to act in good faith and for the benefit of the company, including to avoid any conflict of interest between the office holders position in the company and personal affairs, and proscribes any competition with the company or the exploitation of any business opportunity of the company in order to receive personal advantage for himself or herself or for others. This duty also requires an office holder to reveal to the company any information or documents relating to the companys affairs that the office holder has received due to his or her position as an office holder. A company may approve any of the acts mentioned above; provided, however, that all the following conditions apply: the office holder acted in good faith; neither the act nor the approval of the act prejudices the good of the company; and the office holder disclosed the essence of his or her personal interest in the act, including any substantial fact or document, in a reasonable time before the date for discussion of the approval. A director is required to exercise independent discretion in fulfilling his or her duties and may not be party to a voting agreement with respect to his or her vote as a director. A violation of these requirements is deemed a breach of the directors duty of loyalty.
The duty of care requires an office holder to act with a level of care that a reasonable office holder in the same position would employ under the same circumstances. This includes the duty to use reasonable means to obtain information regarding the advisability of a given action submitted for his or her approval or performed by virtue of his or her position and all other relevant information material to these actions.
Compensation. Under the recent amendment to the Companies Law that will take effect in 2011, the compensation arrangements for officers who are not directors require the approval of the audit committee and the board of directors. The approval of the compensation committee may be substituted for the approval of the audit committee, provided the compensation committee complies with all the requirements prescribed by the Companies Law regarding composition of the audit committee. If the compensation arrangement is an immaterial amendment to an existing compensation arrangement of an officer who is not a director, the approval of the audit committee is sufficient. Arrangements regarding the compensation of directors require the approval of the audit committee, the board, and the shareholders, in that order.
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Disclosure of personal interest. The Israeli Companies Law requires that an office holder promptly disclose to the company any personal interest that he or she may have and all related material information or documents known to him or her, in connection with any existing or proposed transaction by the company. Personal interest, as defined by the Israeli Companies Law, includes a personal interest of any person in an act or transaction of the company, including a personal interest of his relative or of a corporation (i) in which that person or a relative of that person is a 5% or greater shareholder, a holder of 5% or more of the voting rights, or a director or general manager, or (ii) in which he or she has the right to appoint at least one director or the general manager, and includes shares for which the person has the right to vote pursuant to a power-of-attorney. Personal interest does not apply to a personal interest stemming merely from holding shares in the company.
The office holder must immediately make the disclosure of his or her personal interest and no later than the first meeting of the companys board of directors that discusses the particular transaction. This duty does not apply to the personal interest of a relative of the office holder in a transaction unless it is an extraordinary transaction. The Israeli Companies Law defines an extraordinary transaction as a transaction that is not in the ordinary course of business of a company, or that is not on market terms, or which is likely to have a material impact on the companys profitability, assets or liabilities. The Israeli Companies Law defines a relative as a spouse, sibling, parent, grandparent, descendant, and the descendant, sibling or parent of a spouse, as well as the spouse of any of the foregoing.
Approvals. The Israeli Companies Law provides that a transaction with an office holder or a transaction in which an office holder has a personal interest requires board approval, unless the transaction is an extraordinary transaction or the articles of association provide otherwise. The transaction may not be approved if it is adverse to the companys interest. If the transaction is an extraordinary transaction, or if it concerns exculpation, indemnification, insurance or compensation of an office holder, then the approval of the companys audit committee and the board of directors is required, except if the compensation arrangement is an immaterial amendment to an existing compensation arrangement of an officer who is not a director (in which case the approval of the audit committee is sufficient). Exculpation, indemnification, insurance or compensation of a director also requires shareholder approval. A person who has a personal interest in a matter that is considered at a meeting of the board of directors or the audit committee generally may not attend that meeting or vote on that matter, unless a majority of the board of directors or the audit committee also has a personal interest in the matter or if such person is invited by the chairman of the board of directors or audit committee, as applicable, to present the matter being considered. If a majority of the board of directors has a personal interest in the transaction, all directors may attend that meeting and vote, and a shareholder approval also would be required.
Shareholders. The Israeli Companies Law imposes the same disclosure requirements described above on a controlling shareholder of a public company that it imposes on an office holder. For this purpose, a controlling shareholder is any shareholder who has the ability to direct the companys actions, including any shareholder holding 25% or more of the voting rights, if no other shareholder owns more than 50% of the voting rights in the company. Two or more shareholders with a personal interest in the approval of the same transaction are deemed to be one shareholder.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, a shareholder has a duty to act in good faith toward the company and other shareholders and refrain from abusing his or her power in the company, including, among other things, voting in the general meeting of shareholders on the following matters:
| Any amendment to the articles of association, |
| An increase of the companys authorized share capital, |
| A merger, or |
| Approval of interested party transactions that require shareholder approval. |
In addition, any controlling shareholder, any shareholder who can determine the outcome of a shareholder vote, and any shareholder who under the companys articles of association can appoint or prevent the
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appointment of an office holder, is under a duty to act with fairness towards the company. The Israeli Companies Law provides that a breach of the duty of fairness will be governed by the laws governing breach of contract. The Israeli Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty.
Indemnification and insurance of directors and officers; limitations on liability
Our articles of association allow us to indemnify, exculpate and insure our office holders to the fullest extent permitted under the Israeli Companies Law, provided that procuring this insurance or providing this indemnification or exculpation is approved by the audit committee and the board of directors, as well as by the shareholders if the office holder is a director.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, we may indemnify an office holder for any of the following liabilities or expenses that they may incur due to an act performed or failure to act in his or her capacity as our office holder:
| Monetary liability imposed on the office holder in favor of a third party in a judgment, including a settlement or an arbitral award confirmed by a court. |
| Reasonable legal costs, including attorneys fees, expended by an office holder as a result of an investigation or proceeding instituted against the office holder by a competent authority, provided that such investigation or proceeding concludes without the filing of an indictment against the office holder, and either: |
| No financial liability was imposed on the office holder in lieu of criminal proceedings, or |
| Financial liability was imposed on the office holder in lieu of criminal proceedings, but the alleged criminal offense does not require proof of criminal intent. |
| Reasonable legal costs, including attorneys fees, expended by the office holder or for which the office holder is charged by a court: |
| In an action brought against the office holder by us, on our behalf or on behalf of a third party, |
| In a criminal action in which the office holder is found innocent, or |
| In a criminal action in which the office holder is convicted, but in which proof of criminal intent is not required. |
A company may indemnify an office holder in respect of these liabilities either in advance of an event or following an event. If a company undertakes to indemnify an office holder in advance of an event, the indemnification, other than litigation expenses, must be limited to foreseeable events in light of the companys actual activities when the company undertook such indemnification, and reasonable amounts or standards, as determined by the board of directors.
A company may obtain insurance for an office holder against liabilities incurred in his or her capacity as an office holder. These liabilities include a breach of duty of care to the company or a third party including a breach arising out of negligent conduct of the office holder, a breach of duty of loyalty and any monetary liability imposed on the office holder in favor of a third party. A company may also exculpate an office holder from a breach of duty of care in advance of that breach. Our articles of association provide for exculpation both in advance or retroactively, to the extent permitted under Israeli law. A company may not exculpate an office holder from a breach of duty of loyalty towards the company or from a breach of duty of care concerning dividend distribution or a purchase of the companys shares by the company or other entities controlled by the company.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, a company may indemnify or insure an office holder against a breach of duty of loyalty only to the extent that the office holder acted in good faith and had reasonable grounds to assume that the action would not prejudice the company. In addition, a company may not indemnify, insure or exculpate an office holder against a breach of duty of care if committed intentionally or recklessly (excluding mere negligence), or committed with the intent to derive an unlawful personal gain, or for a fine or forfeit levied against the office holder in connection with a criminal offense.
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Our audit committee, board of directors and shareholders have resolved to indemnify our directors and officers, to the extent permitted by law and by our articles of association, for liabilities not covered by insurance, that are of certain enumerated types of events, and subject to limitations as to amount.
We have also entered into indemnification, insurance, and exculpation agreements with our directors and officers undertaking to indemnify, insure, and exculpate them to the full extent permitted by the Israeli Companies Law. The entry into such agreements received the prior approval of our audit committee, board of directors and shareholders.
Borrowing power: amendment of rights of ordinary shares
Our articles of association grant broad powers to the board of directors to have us borrow, repay borrowings, make guarantees, and grant security interests in borrowings. The rights and provisions of the ordinary shares may be cancelled, added to, restricted, amended, or otherwise altered with a vote of the holders of at least 75% of the outstanding ordinary shares voting at a duly convened shareholders meeting.
Availability of Annual Report on Form 20-F
In accordance with our articles of association, we post our Annual Report on Form 20-F on our Web site (www.checkpoint.com), rather than mail it to shareholders as required by the NASDAQ rules.
Material Contracts
None
Israeli Taxation, Foreign Exchange Regulation and Investment Programs
The following is a summary of the principal Israeli tax laws applicable to us, the Israeli Government programs from which we benefit, and Israeli foreign exchange regulations. This section also contains a discussion of material Israeli tax consequences to our shareholders who are not residents or citizens of Israel. This summary does not discuss all aspects of Israeli tax law that may be relevant to a particular investor in light of his or her personal investment circumstances, or to some types of investors subject to special treatment under Israeli law. Examples of investors subject to special treatment under Israeli law include residents of Israel, traders in securities, or persons who own, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of our outstanding voting capital, all of whom are subject to special tax regimes not covered in this discussion. Some parts of this discussion are based on new tax legislation that has not been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation. The discussion should not be construed as legal or professional tax advice and does not cover all possible tax consequences.
You are urged to consult your own tax advisor as to the Israeli and other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our ordinary shares, including, in particular, the effect of any non-Israeli, state or local taxes.
General corporate tax structure in Israel
Israeli companies were subject to corporate tax at the rate of 25% in 2010. Pursuant to tax reform legislation that came into effect in 2005 and 2009, the corporate tax rate is to undergo further staged reductions to 24% in 2011, 23% in 2012, 22% in 2013, 21% in 2014, 20% in 2015 and from 2016 onward the tax rate will be reduced to 18%.
However, as discussed below, the rate is effectively reduced for income derived from our Approved Enterprise and Privileged Enterprise plans.
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Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959
Our facilities in Israel have been granted Approved Enterprise status under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, commonly referred to as the Investment Law. The Investment Law provides that capital investments in a production facility (or other eligible assets) may be designated as an Approved Enterprise. Until 2005, the designation required advance approval from the Investment Center of the Israel Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labor. Each certificate of approval for an Approved Enterprise relates to a specific investment program, delineated both by the financial scope of the investment and by the physical characteristics of the facility or the asset.
Under the Approved Enterprise programs, a company is eligible for governmental grants, but may elect to receive an alternative package comprised of tax benefits (Alternative Track). Under the alternative package, a companys undistributed income derived from an Approved Enterprise is exempt from corporate tax for an initial period (two to ten years, depending on the geographic location of the Approved Enterprise within Israel). The exemption begins in the first year that the company realizes taxable income from the Approved Enterprise.
After expiration of the initial tax exemption period, the company is eligible for a reduced corporate tax rate of 10% to 25% for the following five to eight years, depending on the extent of foreign investment in the company (as shown in the table below). The benefits period under Approved Enterprise status is limited to 12 years from completion of the investment or commencement of production, or 14 years from the approval year, whichever is earlier.
On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Investment Law came into effect. The amendment revised the criteria for investments qualified to receive tax benefits. An eligible investment program under the amendment will qualify for benefits as a Privileged Enterprise (rather than the previous terminology of Approved Enterprise). Among other things, the amendment provides tax benefits to both local and foreign investors and simplifies the approval process. The period of tax benefits for a new Privileged Enterprise commences in the Year of Commencement. This year is the later of (1) the year in which taxable income is first generated by a company, or (2) a year selected by the company for commencement, on the condition that the company meets certain provisions provided by the Investment Law (Year of Election). The amendment does not apply to investment programs approved prior to December 31, 2004. The new tax regime applies to new investment programs only. Therefore, our four active Approved Enterprises will not be subject to the provisions of the amendment.
The tax benefits available under Approved Enterprise or Privileged Enterprise relate only to taxable income attributable to the specific Approved Enterprise or Privileged Enterprise, and our effective tax rate will be the result of a weighted combination of the applicable rates.
Percent of |
Rate of Reduced Tax |
Reduced Tax Period | Tax Exemption Period | |||
0-25% |
25% | 5 years | 2 years | |||
25-49% |
25% | 8 years | 2 years | |||
49-74% |
20% | 8 years | 2 years | |||
74-90% |
15% | 8 years | 2 years | |||
90-100% |
10% | 8 years | 2 years |
* | As mentioned above, the corporate income tax will be gradually reduced from 25% in 2010 to 18% in 2016. |
As mentioned above, currently, we have four active Approved Enterprise programs under the Alternative Track of the Investment Law which entitle us to tax benefits. Our first and second investment programs benefits period have ended and, therefore, are not entitled to tax benefits. Currently, we have two Privileged Enterprise program. We have derived, and expect to continue to derive, a substantial portion of our operating income from our Approved Enterprise and Privileged Enterprise facilities. We are, therefore, eligible for a tax exemption for a limited period on undistributed Approved Enterprise and Privileged Enterprise income, and an additional
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subsequent period of reduced corporate tax rates ranging between 10% and 25%, depending on the level of foreign ownership of our shares. The tax benefits attributable to our current Approved Enterprises and Privileged Enterprise are scheduled to expire in phases by 2017.
The benefits available to an Approved Enterprise and a Privileged Enterprise are conditioned upon terms stipulated in the Investment Law and the related regulations and the criteria set forth in the applicable certificate of approval (for an Approved Enterprise). If we do not fulfill these conditions, in whole or in part, the benefits can be cancelled and we may be required to refund the amount of the benefits, linked to the Israeli consumer price index plus interest. We believe that our Approved Enterprise and Privileged Enterprise programs currently operate in compliance with all applicable conditions and criteria, but we cannot assure you that they will continue to do so. However, we currently have disputes with the Israeli Tax Authority (ITA) on matters, such as the usage of funds earned by our approved enterprise for investments outside of Israel, deductibility of employees stock options expenses, percentage of foreign ownership of our shares, taxation of interest earned outside of Israel and deductibility of research and development expenses See Item 8 Financial Information under the caption Legal Proceedings.
If a company requested the alternative package of benefits for an Approved Enterprise under the old law before the 2005 amendment, it was precluded from filing a Year of Election notice for a Privileged Enterprise for three years after the year in which the Approved Enterprise was activated (the Cooling Period). In November 2008, the law was amended to shorten the Cooling Period to two years. Following the amendment, the Year of Election for our first Privileged Enterprise is 2006.
If a company distributes dividends from tax-exempt income, the company will be taxed on the otherwise exempt income at the same reduced corporate tax rate that would have applied to that income. Distribution of dividends derived from income that was taxed at reduced rates, but not tax-exempt, does not result in additional tax consequences to the company. Shareholders who receive dividends derived from Approved Enterprise or Privileged Enterprise income are generally taxed at a rate of 15%, which is withheld and paid by the company paying the dividend, if the dividend is distributed during the benefits period or within the following 12 years (the limitation does not apply to a Foreign Investors Company, which is a company that more than 25% of its shares owned by non-Israeli residents).
The amendment to the Investment Law treats the repurchase of shares out of Privileged Enterprise tax exempt income as deemed-dividend. Through December 31, 2010, we repurchased 79,240,041 ordinary shares in a total amount of $1,768,589,705. Our retained earnings attributed to taxable income are higher than the total shares repurchased and, therefore, should not trigger a deemed-dividend event. See Annual Report (Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers) and Note 12e to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding our repurchase program.
As a result of the 2005 amendment, tax-exempt income attributed to Privileged Enterprise will subject us to taxes also upon complete liquidation. As of December 31, 2010, we generated tax-exempt income in the amount of $0.7 million from our Privileged Enterprise.
Our board of directors has determined that we will not distribute any amounts of our tax-exempt income as dividend. We intend to reinvest our tax-exempt income. Accordingly, no deferred income taxes have been provided on income attributable to our Approved Enterprise and Privileged Enterprise programs as the undistributed tax-exempt income is essentially permanent in duration.
Recently, new legislation amending to the Investment Law was adopted. Under this new legislation, a uniform corporate tax rate will apply to all qualifying income of certain Industrial Companies, as opposed to the current laws incentives, which are limited to income from Approved Enterprises during their benefits period. Under the new law, the uniform tax rate will be 10% in areas in Israel designated as Development Zone A and 15% elsewhere in Israel during 2011-2012, 7% and 12.5%, respectively, in 2013-2014, and 6% and 12%,
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respectively thereafter. The profits of these Industrial Companies will be freely distributable as dividends, subject to a 15% withholding tax (or lower, under an applicable tax treaty). However, upon the distribution of a dividend to an Israeli company, no withholding tax will be remitted.
The amendment became effective as of January 1, 2011 and will apply to preferred income produced or generated by a preferred company from the effective date. Under the transition provisions of the new legislation, the Company may decide to irrevocably implement the new law while waiving benefits provided under the current law or to remain subject to the current law. Changing from the current law to the new law is permitted at any time.
Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969
We believe that we currently qualify as an Industrial Company within the meaning of the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969 (the Industrial Encouragement Law). The Industrial Encouragement Law defines an Industrial Company as a company that is resident in Israel and that derives at least 90% of its income in any tax year, other than income from defense loans, capital gains, interest and dividends, from an enterprise whose major activity in a given tax year is industrial production.
Under the industrial Encouragement Law we are entitled to special rates of depreciation for industrial equipment and in addition to amortization of the cost of purchased know-how and patents over an eight year period for tax purposes and an accelerated depreciation rate on equipment.
Eligibility for the benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not subject to receipt of prior approval from any governmental authority. We cannot assure you that we qualify or will continue to qualify as an Industrial Company or that the benefits described above will be available in the future.
Foreign Exchange Regulations
Under the Foreign Exchange Regulations, an Israeli company calculates its tax liability in US dollars according to certain orders. The tax liability, as calculated in US dollars is translated into NIS according to the exchange rate as of December 31st of each year.
Dividends, if any, paid to the holders of our ordinary shares, and any amounts payable upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up, as well as the proceeds of any sale in Israel of our ordinary shares to an Israeli resident, may be paid in non-Israeli currency. If these amounts are paid in Israeli currency, they may be converted into freely repatriable U.S. dollars at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of conversion. In addition, the statutory framework for the potential imposition of exchange controls has not been eliminated, and may be restored at any time by administrative action.
Employee Stock Options
Effective from January 1, 2003, the Tax Reform Legislation enables a company to grant options through one of three tax tracks:
(a) the income tax track through a trustee pursuant to which the optionee pays income tax rate (according to the marginal tax rate of the optionee- up to 45% tax in 2010) plus payments to the National Insurance Institute and health tax on the profit gained upon the earlier to occur of the transfer of the options or the underlying shares from the trustee to the optionee or the sale of the options or the underlying shares by the trustee, and the company may recognize expenses pertaining to the options for tax purposes. The options (or upon their exercise, the underlying shares), must be held by a trustee for a period of 12 months commencing from the date of which the options were issued and deposited with the trustee; or
(b) the capital gains tax track through a trustee pursuant to which the optionee pays capital gains tax at a rate of 25% on the capital profit portion and marginal tax rate (including payments to the National Insurance Institute
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and health tax) on the income portion (in general, the income portion is the profit derived from the difference between the average market value of the share 30 days before the allotment date and the exercise price of the option) upon, the earlier to occur of the transfer of the options or the underlying shares from the trustee to the optionee or the sale of the options or the underlying shares by the trustee. (On the capital profit the optionee is not required to make payments to the National Insurance Institute and health tax.) In this track, on the capital profit, the Company may not recognize expenses pertaining to the options for tax purposes but may do so on the income portion. The options (or upon their exercise, the underlying shares), must be held by a trustee for a period of 24 months commencing from the date of which the options were issued and deposited with the trustee (with respect to options granted before January 1, 2006, a period of 30 months commencing from the date of which the options were granted or a period of 24 months commencing from the date of which the options were issued and deposited with the trustee); or
(c) the income tax track without a trustee pursuant to which the optionee pays income tax rate (according to the marginal tax rate of the optionee up to 45% tax in 2010) plus payments to the National Insurance Institute and health tax on the profit at the allotment date, and pays capital gains tax at a rate of 20% or 25% on the capital profit upon the sale of the underlying shares, and the company may not recognize expenses pertaining to the capital gain for tax purposes but may recognize expenses pertaining to the profit at the allotment date.
In accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Tax Ordinance, if a company has selected the capital gains track, the company must continue granting options under the selected capital gains track until the end of the year following the year in which the first grant of options under that trustee track will be made. Notwithstanding the above, the company may at any time also grant options under the provisions of the income tax track without a trustee.
The above rules apply only to employees, including office holders but excluding controlling shareholders.
Controlling shareholders will be taxable under section 3(i) to the tax ordinance, according to which, the optionee pays income tax rate (according to the marginal tax rate of the optionee- up to 45% in 2010) on the profit upon the sale of the underlying shares.
Taxation of Non-Israeli Subsidiaries
Non-Israeli subsidiaries are generally taxed based upon tax laws applicable in their countries of residence. In accordance with the provisions of Israeli-controlled foreign corporation rules, certain income of a non-Israeli subsidiary, if the subsidiarys primary source of income is passive income (such as interest, dividends, royalties, rental income or income from capital gains), may be deemed distributed as a dividend to the Israeli parent company and consequently is subject to Israeli taxation. An Israeli company that is subject to Israeli taxes on such deemed dividend income of its non-Israeli subsidiaries may generally receive a credit for non-Israeli income taxes paid by the subsidiary in its country of residence or are to be withheld from the actual dividend distributions.
Taxation of Non-Israeli Shareholders on Receipt of Dividends
Under Israeli tax law, a distribution of dividends from income attributable to an Approved Enterprise or Privileged Enterprise will be subject to tax in Israel at the rate of 15%, which is withheld and paid by the company paying the dividend, if the dividend is distributed during the benefits period or within the following 12 years (this limitation does not apply to a Foreign Investors Company). However, if the dividend is attributable partly to income derived from an Approved Enterprise, and partly to other sources of income, the withholding rate will be a blended rate reflecting the relative portions of the two types of income. Any distribution of dividends from income that is not attributable to an Approved Enterprise or Privileged Enterprise will be subject to tax in Israel at the rate of 25%, except that dividends distributed to an individual who is deemed a non-substantial shareholder will be subject to tax at the rate of 20%.
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Under the United States-Israel tax treaty, the maximum tax on dividends paid to a holder of ordinary shares who is a United States resident is 25%. Dividends received by a United States company that holds at least 10% of our voting rights, will be subject to withholding tax at the rate of 12.5%, provided that certain other conditions in the tax treaty are met (or at the tax rate of 15% in respect of dividends paid from income attributable to our Approved Enterprises or Privileged Enterprise). Dividends distributed to other foreign shareholders may be subject to different withholding tax rates based on the applicable tax treaty.
A non-resident of Israel who has interest or dividend income derived from or accrued in Israel, from which tax was withheld at the source, is generally exempt from the duty to file tax returns in Israel in respect of such income, provided such income was not derived from a business conducted in Israel by the taxpayer.
Capital Gains Taxes Applicable to Non-Israeli Shareholders
Capital gains from the sale of our ordinary shares by non-Israeli shareholders are exempt from Israeli taxation under the Israeli domestic tax law, provided that the capital gain is not derived from a permanent establishment in Israel. In addition, the United States-Israel tax treaty exempts United States residents who hold less than 10% of our voting rights, and who held less than 10% of our voting rights during the 12 months prior to a sale of their shares, from Israeli capital gains tax in connection with such sale.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the ownership or disposition of our ordinary shares to a holder who is:
| A citizen or resident (as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) of the United States; |
| A corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any of its states; |
| An estate, if the estates income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| A trust, if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons (e.g., a U.S. citizen, resident, or corporation) have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions. |
We refer to any of the above as a U.S. Shareholder.
This discussion is based on the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, referred to as the Code, U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code and administrative and judicial interpretations of the Code, all as in effect as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 20-F. This discussion generally considers only U.S. Shareholders who will hold the ordinary shares as capital assets. The discussion does not consider:
| Aspects of U.S. federal income taxation relevant to U.S. Shareholders by reason of their particular circumstances (including potential application of the alternative minimum tax). |
| U.S. Shareholders subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, such as financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers, tax-exempt organizations, and foreign individuals or entities. |
| U.S. Shareholders who own 10% or more of our outstanding voting shares, either directly or by attribution. |
| U.S. Shareholders who hold our ordinary shares as part of a hedging, straddle, or conversion transaction. |
| U.S. Shareholders who acquire their ordinary shares in a compensatory transaction. |
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| U.S. Shareholders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
| Any aspect of state, local, or non-U.S. tax law. |
The following summary does not address all of the tax consequences of owning or disposing of our ordinary shares to you based on your individual tax circumstances. Accordingly, you should consult your own tax advisor as to the particular tax consequences to you of owning or disposing of our ordinary shares, including the effects of applicable state, local, or non-U.S. tax laws and possible changes in the tax laws.
Dividends Paid on the Ordinary Shares
A U.S. Shareholder, as defined above, will generally be required to include in gross income the amount of any distributions paid in respect of the ordinary shares to the extent that the distributions are paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The amount of the distribution would include any Israeli taxes withheld as part of the distributions. A maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 15% will apply for individual shareholders and 35% for corporate shareholders if certain holding period requirements are met. The individual shareholder rate is applicable in tax years beginning after December 31, 2002, and before January 1, 2011, for qualified dividend income received by an individual as well as certain trusts and estates. Qualified dividend income generally includes dividends paid by a U.S. corporation or a qualified foreign corporation. A non-U.S. corporation, such as ours, generally will be considered to be a qualified foreign corporation if (i) our shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or (ii) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive U.S. income tax treaty determined to be satisfactory to the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service have determined that the United States-Israel tax treaty is satisfactory for this purpose. In addition, the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service have determined that ordinary shares are considered readily tradable on an established securities market if they are listed on an established securities market in the United States, such as the NASDAQ Global Select Market. The information returns, reporting the dividends paid to U.S. Shareholders, will identify the amount of dividends eligible for the reduced rates.
Any distributions in excess of earnings and profits will be treated first as non-taxable return of capital, reducing a U.S. Shareholders tax basis in the ordinary shares to the extent of the distributions, and then as capital gain from a sale or exchange of the ordinary shares. Our dividends will generally not qualify for the dividends received deduction available to corporations. Any cash distribution paid in Israeli Shekels will equal the U.S. dollar value of the distribution, calculated based on the spot exchange rate in effect on the date of the distribution.
Credit for Israeli Taxes Withheld
Subject to certain conditions and limitations, a U.S. Shareholder will generally be eligible for a credit against United States federal income tax liability for any Israeli tax withheld or paid with respect to dividends on the ordinary shares. The Code provides limitations on the amount of foreign tax credits. These limitations include extensive separate computation rules under which foreign tax credits allowable with respect to specific categories of income cannot exceed the U.S. federal income taxes otherwise payable with respect to each such category of income. A shareholder who does not elect to claim a foreign tax credit may instead claim a deduction for Israeli income tax withheld or paid, but only if the shareholder elects to do so for all foreign income taxes in that year. Special rules for determining a U.S. Shareholders foreign tax credit limitation apply in the case of qualified dividend income. Rules similar to those concerning adjustments to the foreign tax credit limitation to reflect any capital gain rate differential also apply to any qualified dividend income. The rules relating to foreign tax credits are complex and each shareholder should consult his, her, or its own tax advisor to determine whether and if the specific shareholder would be entitled to this credit.
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Disposition of the Ordinary Shares
The sale or exchange of ordinary shares will generally result in the recognition of capital gain or loss. The amount of gain or loss is the difference between the amounts realized on the sale or exchange and the tax basis in the ordinary shares. If a U.S. Shareholders holding period for the ordinary shares exceeds one year at the time of the disposition, the amount of the shareholders gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss. Long-term capital gains realized upon a sale or exchange of ordinary shares generally will be subject to a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 15% for taxable years which begin before January 1, 2011. Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Shareholder on a sale or exchange of ordinary shares generally will be treated as U.S. source income or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Under the United States-Israel tax treaty, gain derived from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of ordinary shares by a holder, who is a resident of the United States for purposes of the treaty and who sells the ordinary shares within Israel, may be treated as foreign source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Status
Based upon our income, assets and activities, we believe that we are not currently, and have not been in prior years, a passive foreign investment company (PFIC) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We do not currently anticipate that we will be a PFIC for any subsequent year. We would be classified as a PFIC if, for any taxable year, either:
| 75% or more of our gross income in the taxable year is passive income, or |
| 50% or more of the average percentage of our assets held during the taxable year, produce or are held for the production of passive income. |
For this purpose, passive income includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents, annuities, and the excess of gain over losses from the disposition of assets that produce passive income.
If we were a PFIC for any taxable year during which you held shares as a U.S. Shareholder and you did not timely elect to treat us as a qualified electing fund under Section 1295 of the Code or elect to mark the ordinary shares to market, you would be subject to special tax rules on the receipt of an excess distribution on the ordinary shares. Generally, a distribution is considered an excess distribution to the extent it exceeds 125% of the average annual distributions in the prior three years. You would also be subject to special tax rules on the gain from the disposition of the ordinary shares.
A U.S. Shareholder may be able to mitigate certain adverse tax consequences of holding shares in a PFIC by making a qualified electing fund, deemed sale or mark-to-market election. However, as a U.S. Shareholder you may make a qualified electing fund election only if we agree to furnish certain tax information annually. We do not presently prepare or provide this information, and this information may not be available to you if we are subsequently determined to be a PFIC. A number of specific rules and requirements apply to a U.S. Shareholder under either of the elections available to owners of a PFIC. You are urged to consult your tax advisor concerning these elections.
Information Reporting and Back up Withholding
Dividend payments and proceeds from the sale or disposal of ordinary shares may be subject to information reporting to the Internal Revenue Service and possible U.S. federal backup withholding at the current rate of 28% (increases to 31% for taxable years beginning in 2011 or later). However, backup withholding will not apply to a holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number or certificate of foreign status and makes any other required certification, or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding (for example, a corporation). Any U.S. Shareholder who is required to establish exempt status generally must file IRS Form W-9 (Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification). Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited
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against a U.S. Shareholders federal income tax liability. A U.S. Shareholder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information.
Documents on Display
This report and other information filed or to be filed by us can be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at:
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Public Reference Room
Washington, D.C. 20549
Copies of these materials can also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates.
The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a Web site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission using its EDGAR system. We intend to post our Annual Report on Form 20-F on our website (www.checkpoint.com) promptly following the filing of our Annual Report with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Additionally, documents referred to in this Annual Report on Form 20-F may be inspected at our principal executive offices located at 5 HaSolelim Street, Tel Aviv 67897 Israel.
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ITEM 11. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
We are exposed to market risks that result primarily from weak economic conditions in the markets in which we sell our products, and from changes in exchange rates or in interest rates.
As of December 31, 2010, securities representing 42.9% of our investments portfolios are rated as AAA; securities representing 29.9% of the portfolio are rated as AA; and securities representing 27.1% of the portfolio are rated as A; securities representing 0.1% of the portfolio are rated as BBB and below.
The table below provides information regarding our investments in cash, cash equivalents, short-term deposit and marketable securities, as of December 31, 2010.
Maturity | Total Amortized cost |
Fair Value at Dec. 31, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 onwards |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government and corporate debentures - fixed interest rates |
$ | 313,939 | $ | 502,572 | $ | 315,009 | $ | 124,808 | $ | 48,065 | $ | 1,304,393 | $ | 1,323,370 | ||||||||||||||
US Agencies |
$ | 142,496 | $ | 43,410 | $ | 103,315 | $ | 28,322 | $ | 14,038 | $ | 331,581 | $ | 332,799 | ||||||||||||||
Auction rate securities(*) |
| | | | $ | 7,990 | $ | 7,990 | $ | 7,990 | ||||||||||||||||||
Government and corporate debentures - floating interest rates, |
$ | 78,505 | $ | 85,619 | $ | 26,487 | $ | 7,135 | $ | 965 | $ | 198,711 | $ | 199,010 | ||||||||||||||
money market instruments & cash |
$ | 551,777 | | | | | $ | 551,777 | $ | 551,777 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,086,717 | $ | 631,601 | $ | 444,811 | $ | 160,265 | $ | 71,058 | $ | 2,394,452 | $ | 2,414,946 |
(*) | The balance is comprised of four auction rate securities, which have suffered from failed auctions since September 2007. As a result of the auction failures these auction rate securities do not have a readily determinable market value. As such, since 2008, we obtain a third party valuation to determine the fair values of these securities. The maturity dates for these securities are between 2011 and 2052. |
Foreign Currency Risk
Most of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, and we incur most of our expenses in U.S. dollars, Euros, Swedish Krona and Israeli Shekels. According to the factors indicated in ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters, our cash flow, sale price, sales market, expense, financing and inter-company transactions, and arrangement indicators, are predominantly denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, the U.S. dollar is the primary currency of the economic environment in which we operate, and thus, the U.S. dollar is our functional and reporting currency.
On our balance sheet, we remeasure into U.S. dollars all monetary accounts (principally liabilities) that are maintained in other currencies. For this remeasurement, we use the relevant foreign exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Any gain or loss that results from this remeasurement is reflected in the statement of income as financial income or financial expense, as appropriate.
We measure and record non-monetary accounts in our balance sheet (principally fixed assets and prepaid expenses) in U.S. dollars. For this measurement, we use the U.S. dollar value in effect at the date that the asset or liability was initially recorded in our balance sheet (the date of the transaction).
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We entered into forward contracts to hedge the fair value of assets and liabilities denominated in Israeli Shekels, Euros, British Pounds, Swedish Krona, Norwegian Krone and Japanese Yen. As of December 31, 2010, we had outstanding forward contracts that did not meet the requirement for hedge accounting, in the amount of $187.7 million. These contracts were for a period of up to twelve months. The net gains (losses) recognized in financial income, net during 2010 were $10.8 million.
During 2010, we entered into forward contracts to hedge against the risk of overall changes in future cash flow from payments of payroll and related expenses denominated in Israeli Shekels, Euros, British Pounds and Swedish Krona. As of December 31, 2010, there were no outstanding contracts. These contracts met the requirement for cash flow hedge accounting and as such losses in the amount of $ 0.4 million were recognized when the related expense were incurred and classified in operating expenses during 2010.
The Companys operating expenses may be affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S dollar as it relates to foreign currencies; with Israel and Europe having the greatest potential impact. In managing our foreign exchange risk we periodically enter into foreign exchange hedging contracts. Our goal is to mitigate the potential exposure with these contracts. By way of example, a 10% weakening in the value of the dollar relative to the currencies in which the Companys operating expenses are denominated in 2010 would result in an increase in operating expenses of $19.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. This calculation assumes that each exchange rate would change in the same direction relative to the U.S. dollar.
Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment in marketable securities. Our marketable securities portfolio includes government and government agencies debt instruments (U.S., European and other) and corporate debt instruments. By policy, we limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer.
Investments in both fixed rate and floating rate interest bearing securities carry a degree of interest rate risk. Fixed rate securities may have their fair market value adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than predicted if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our income from investments may decrease in the future in the event that interest rates fluctuate.
ITEM 12. | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
Not applicable.
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ITEM 13. | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES |
There are no defaults, dividend arrearages, or delinquencies that are required to be disclosed.
ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
There are no material modifications to, or qualifications of, the rights of security holders that are required to be disclosed.
ITEM 15. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of December 31, 2010, we performed an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)). Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and our management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of December 31, 2010, to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in filings and submissions under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms, and that such information related to us and our consolidated subsidiaries is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions about required disclosure.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Attestation Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm
Our management report on our internal control over financial reporting (as such defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act), and the related attestation report of our independent public accounting firm, are included in pages F-3 and F-4 to F-5 of our audited consolidated financial statements set forth in Item 18 Financial Statements, and are incorporated herein by reference.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 20-F, no changes in our internal control over financial reporting have occurred that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 16. | Reserved. |
ITEM 16A. | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT |
Our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Yoav Chelouche and Irwin Federman are audit committee financial experts and that they are independent under the applicable Securities and Exchange Commission and NASDAQ Global Select Market rules.
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ITEM 16B. | CODE OF ETHICS |
In March 2004, our board of directors adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of our employees, directors and officers, including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, principal accounting officer or controller and other individuals who perform similar functions. The Code of Ethics is updated from time to time. You can obtain a copy of our Code of Ethics without charge, by sending a written request to our investor relations department at Check Point Software Technologies, Inc., Attn: Investor Relations, 800 Bridge Parkway, Redwood City, California 94065 U.S.A; Tel: 650-628-2000; Email: ir@us.checkpoint.com.
ITEM 16C. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES |
Fees and Services
The following table sets forth the aggregate fees billed to us for the audit and other services provided by Kost, Forer, Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young (E&Y) during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010 (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2010 | |||||||||||||||
Amount | Percentage | Amount | Percentage | |||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||
Audit fees (1) |
$ | 864 | 81 | % | $ | 832 | 79 | % | ||||||||