UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
September 30, 2011 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 000-31293
EQUINIX, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 77-0487526 | |
(State of incorporation) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
One Lagoon Drive, Fourth Floor, Redwood City, California 94065
(Address of principal executive offices, including ZIP code)
(650) 598-6000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) Yes x No ¨ and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | ¨ | |||
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ |
Smaller reporting company | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
The number of shares outstanding of the registrants Common Stock as of September 30, 2011 was 47,409,736.
EQUINIX, INC.
INDEX
2
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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(unaudited) | ||||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 370,523 | $ | 442,841 | ||||
Short-term investments |
700,246 | 147,192 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
144,185 | 116,358 | ||||||
Other current assets |
115,344 | 71,657 | ||||||
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|
|
|
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Total current assets |
1,330,298 | 778,048 | ||||||
Long-term investments |
99,419 | 2,806 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
3,122,094 | 2,650,953 | ||||||
Goodwill |
867,280 | 774,365 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
153,505 | 150,945 | ||||||
Other assets |
158,091 | 90,892 | ||||||
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|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 5,730,687 | $ | 4,448,009 | ||||
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|
|
|
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Liabilities and Stockholders Equity | ||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 181,093 | $ | 145,854 | ||||
Accrued property, plant and equipment |
90,181 | 91,667 | ||||||
Current portion of capital lease and other financing obligations |
11,367 | 7,988 | ||||||
Current portion of loans payable |
74,652 | 19,978 | ||||||
Current portion of convertible debt |
243,176 | | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
55,687 | 52,628 | ||||||
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|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
656,156 | 318,115 | ||||||
Capital lease and other financing obligations, less current portion |
376,848 | 253,945 | ||||||
Loans payable, less current portion |
161,984 | 100,337 | ||||||
Convertible debt, less current portion |
691,520 | 916,337 | ||||||
Senior notes |
1,500,000 | 750,000 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
253,300 | 228,760 | ||||||
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|
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Total liabilities |
3,639,808 | 2,567,494 | ||||||
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|
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Redeemable non-controlling interests (Note 1) |
66,372 | | ||||||
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|
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) |
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Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock |
47 | 46 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
2,417,781 | 2,341,586 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(120,416 | ) | (112,018 | ) | ||||
Accumulated deficit |
(272,905 | ) | (349,099 | ) | ||||
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|
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Total stockholders equity |
2,024,507 | 1,880,515 | ||||||
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Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interests and stockholders equity |
$ | 5,730,687 | $ | 4,448,009 | ||||
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|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
Three months
ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 417,601 | $ | 330,347 | $ | 1,175,530 | $ | 875,090 | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
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Costs and operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
228,153 | 185,476 | 638,301 | 481,108 | ||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
43,070 | 31,205 | 113,769 | 79,586 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
65,976 | 58,640 | 194,258 | 155,961 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
1,587 | 1,886 | 2,186 | 6,243 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition costs |
699 | 1,114 | 2,729 | 11,957 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total costs and operating expenses |
339,485 | 278,321 | 951,243 | 734,855 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income from operations |
78,116 | 52,026 | 224,287 | 140,235 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
679 | 310 | 1,526 | 1,307 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(51,114 | ) | (38,363 | ) | (126,152 | ) | (101,653 | ) | ||||||||
Other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments |
| 206 | | 3,626 | ||||||||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net |
| | | (4,831 | ) | |||||||||||
Other income (expense) |
(1,694 | ) | 1,654 | 1,438 | 193 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income before income taxes |
25,987 | 15,833 | 101,099 | 38,877 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
(5,348 | ) | (4,637 | ) | (24,582 | ) | (15,756 | ) | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income |
20,639 | 11,196 | 76,517 | 23,121 | ||||||||||||
Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
(320 | ) | | (323 | ) | | ||||||||||
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Net income attributable to Equinix. |
$ | 20,319 | $ | 11,196 | $ | 76,194 | $ | 23,121 | ||||||||
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Earnings per share attributable to Equinix, after adjustments related to redeemable non-controlling interests (Note 3): |
||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share |
$ | 0.21 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 0.54 | ||||||||
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|
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Weighted-average shares |
47,202 | 45,745 | 46,861 | 42,961 | ||||||||||||
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Diluted earnings per share |
$ | 0.20 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.37 | $ | 0.53 | ||||||||
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Weighted-average shares |
47,943 | 46,676 | 47,694 | 44,040 | ||||||||||||
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Nine months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 76,517 | $ | 23,121 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation |
240,096 | 175,359 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation |
53,060 | 50,020 | ||||||
Restructuring charges |
2,186 | 6,243 | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
14,207 | 9,378 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discounts |
23,816 | 19,403 | ||||||
Accretion of asset retirement obligation and accrued restructuring charges |
3,473 | 2,501 | ||||||
Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net |
| 4,831 | ||||||
Provision for allowance for doubtful accounts |
3,609 | 1,454 | ||||||
Other items |
1,933 | 903 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts receivable |
(26,299 | ) | (38,486 | ) | ||||
Other assets |
(7,217 | ) | 12,717 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(9,492 | ) | 16,047 | |||||
Other liabilities |
24,099 | (13,510 | ) | |||||
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|
|
|
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
399,988 | 269,981 | ||||||
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|
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of investments |
(1,027,855 | ) | (599,845 | ) | ||||
Sales of investments |
104,800 | 24,778 | ||||||
Maturities of investments |
274,620 | 506,811 | ||||||
Purchase of Switch and Data, net of cash acquired |
| (113,289 | ) | |||||
Purchase of ALOG, net of cash acquired |
(41,954 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of Paris 4 IBX property |
(14,951 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of Frankfurt IBX property |
(9,042 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |
(495,515 | ) | (436,046 | ) | ||||
Increase in restricted cash |
(95,932 | ) | (1,160 | ) | ||||
Release of restricted cash |
1,000 | 244 | ||||||
Other investing activities |
10 | | ||||||
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Net cash used in investing activities |
(1,304,819 | ) | (618,507 | ) | ||||
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from employee equity awards |
35,704 | 36,179 | ||||||
Proceeds from senior notes |
750,000 | 750,000 | ||||||
Proceeds from loans payable |
90,635 | 115,811 | ||||||
Repayment of capital lease and other financing obligations |
(7,404 | ) | (14,114 | ) | ||||
Repayment of mortgage and loans payable |
(21,273 | ) | (469,077 | ) | ||||
Debt issuance costs |
(15,551 | ) | (23,124 | ) | ||||
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
832,111 | 395,675 | ||||||
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Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |
402 | (4,056 | ) | |||||
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
(72,318 | ) | 43,093 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
442,841 | 346,056 | ||||||
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 370,523 | $ | 389,149 | ||||
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Supplemental cash flow information: |
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Cash paid for taxes |
$ | 7,172 | $ | 3,129 | ||||
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Cash paid for interest |
$ | 100,283 | $ | 70,772 | ||||
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
5
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Equinix, Inc. (Equinix or the Company) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which in the opinion of management are necessary to fairly state the financial position and the results of operations for the interim periods presented. The condensed consolidated balance sheet data at December 31, 2010 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that date. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), but omit certain information and footnote disclosure necessary to present the statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Equinixs Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2011. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire fiscal year.
Consolidation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Equinix and its subsidiaries, including the operations of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. and its subsidiaries (ALOG) from April 25, 2011 (see Note 2) and Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. (Switch and Data) from April 30, 2010. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the consolidated financial statement presentation as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011.
Income Taxes
The Companys effective tax rates were 24.3% and 40.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Companys unrecognized tax benefits increased by approximately $21,557,000 due to the ALOG Acquisition. A portion of these unrecognized tax benefits served to reduce the deferred tax assets acquired from the ALOG Acquisition.
Stock-Based Compensation
In February and March 2011, the Compensation Committee and the Stock Award Committee of the Board of Directors approved the issuance of an aggregate of 706,270 shares of restricted stock units to certain employees, including executive officers, pursuant to the 2000 Equity Incentive Plan as part of the Companys annual refresh program. These equity awards are subject to vesting provisions and had an average fair value per share on the dates of the grant of $85.64. Compensation expense related to these awards is expected to be amortized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years.
6
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
In July 2011, ALOG, in which the Company has an indirect controlling interest (see Note 2), granted 885,840 stock options to purchase common shares of ALOG to certain of ALOGs employees (the ALOG Stock Options). The ALOG Stock Options are accounted for as liability-classified awards under the accounting standard for share-based payments and will be re-measured each reporting period prospectively until the underlying shares are settled. Under certain circumstances, the ALOG Stock Options are eligible for net cash settlement by the stock option holders. The ALOG Stock Options vest annually and have a vesting period of 4 years. The average fair value per share of the ALOG Stock Options on the date of the grant was approximately $2.50, which was computed using the Black-Scholes model with assumptions as follows:
Average exercise price |
$ | 8.34 | ||
Expected life (years) |
2.75 | |||
Dividend yield |
0 | % | ||
Volatility |
55 | % | ||
Risk-free interest rate |
12.9 | % |
The following table presents, by operating expense category, the Companys stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Companys condensed consolidated statement of operations (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
$ | 1,573 | $ | 1,619 | $ | 4,417 | $ | 4,957 | ||||||||
Sales and marketing |
4,153 | 3,627 | 10,629 | 10,316 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
13,481 | 11,704 | 38,014 | 34,747 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
| (3 | ) | | 1,488 | |||||||||||
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$ | 19,207 | $ | 16,947 | $ | 53,060 | $ | 51,508 | |||||||||
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Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests
The following table provides a summary of the activities of the Companys redeemable non-controlling interests (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
$ | | ||
ALOG Acquisition (see Note 2) |
66,777 | |||
Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
323 | |||
Foreign currency loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
(9,096 | ) | ||
Change in redemption value of non-controlling interests |
10,639 | |||
Impact of foreign currency exchange |
(2,271 | ) | ||
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|||
Balance at September 30, 2011 |
$ | 66,372 | ||
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-08, Testing Goodwill for Impairment. This ASU provides companies with the option to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If, after assessing the qualitative factors, a company determines that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. However, if a company concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a company is required to perform the second step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. This guidance is effective for goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements, if any, and whether to early adopt this standard.
7
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income. This ASU is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements by presenting the components of net income and other comprehensive income in one continuous statement, referred to as the statement of comprehensive income, or in two separate, but consecutive statements. The new guidance eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of changes in stockholders equity. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2011. While the new guidance changes the presentation of comprehensive income, there are no changes to the components that are recognized in net income or other comprehensive income under current accounting guidance; therefore, adoption of the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2012 will not have any impact on the Companys consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), which amends ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. ASU 2011-04 does not extend the use of fair value accounting, but provides guidance on how it should be applied where its use is already required or permitted by other standards within U.S. GAAP or IFRSs. ASU 2011-14 changes the wording used to describe many requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements. Additionally, ASU 2011-14 clarifies the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is applied prospectively; therefore, the Company will adopt ASU 2011-04 in its first quarter of fiscal 2012. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-04 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
2. Business Combination
ALOG Acquisition
On April 25, 2011 (the Acquisition Date), Zion RJ Participações S.A. (Zion), a Brazilian joint-stock company controlled by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and co-owned by RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, a subsidiary of Riverwood Capital L.P. (Riverwood), completed the acquisition of approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG. As a result, the Company acquired an approximate 53% indirect, controlling equity interest in ALOG (the ALOG Acquisition). The Company paid a total of approximately 82,194,000 Brazilian reais in cash on the closing date, or approximately $51,723,000, to purchase the ALOG capital stock. An additional 36,000,000 Brazilian reais, or approximately $20,000,000, is payable by Zion in April 2013, subject to reduction for any post-closing balance sheet adjustments and any claims for indemnification (the Contingent Consideration). The Companys portion of the Contingent Consideration is 19,080,000 Brazilian reais, or approximately $11,000,000. ALOG operates three data centers in Brazil and is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. ALOG will continue to operate under the ALOG trade name. There were no historical transactions between Equinix, Riverwood, Zion and ALOG.
Beginning in April 2014 and ending in May 2016, Equinix will have the right to purchase all of Riverwood's interest in Zion at a price equal to the greater of (i) its then current fair market value and (ii) a net purchase price that implies a compounded internal rate of return in U.S. dollars ("IRR") for Riverwood's investment of 12%. If Equinix exercises its right to purchase Riverwood's shares, Equinix also will have the right, and under certain circumstances may be required, to purchase the remaining approximate 10% of shares of ALOG that Zion does not own, which are held by ALOG management (collectively, the Call Options). If Equinix purchases all of Riverwoods interest in Zion at a price equal to its then current fair market value, the purchase price of the remaining approximate 10% of shares that are held by ALOG management will be equal to its then current fair market value. If Equinix purchases all of Riverwoods interest in Zion at a net purchase price that implies an IRR for Riverwoods investment of 12%, the purchase price per share of the remaining approximate 10% of shares that are held by ALOG management will be equal to the greater of (i) 50% of the purchase price per share of capital stock of ALOG in the ALOG Acquisition and (ii) a purchase price per share that implies an IRR equal to the sum of the IRR implied by the fair market value of the capital stock of ALOG plus 2%, declining over time.
Also beginning in April 2014 and ending in May 2016, Riverwood will have the right to require Equinix to purchase all of Riverwood's interests in Zion at a price equal to the greater of (i) its then current fair market value and (ii) a net purchase price that implies an IRR for Riverwood's investment of 8%, declining over time. If Riverwood exercises its right to require Equinix to purchase Riverwood's shares, Equinix will have the right, and under certain circumstances may be required, to purchase the remaining approximate 10% of shares of ALOG that Zion does not own, which are held by ALOG management (collectively, the Put Options). If Equinix purchases all of Riverwoods interest in Zion at a price equal to its then current fair market value, the purchase price of the remaining approximate 10% of shares that are held by ALOG management will be equal to its then current fair market value. If Equinix purchases all of Riverwoods interest in Zion at a net purchase price that implies an IRR for Riverwoods investment of 8%, declining over time, the purchase price per share of the remaining approximate 10% of shares that are held by ALOG management will be equal to the greater of (i) 50% of the purchase price per share of capital stock of ALOG in the ALOG Acquisition and (ii) a purchase price per share that implies an IRR equal to the sum of the IRR implied by the fair market value of the capital stock of ALOG plus 2%, declining over time.
8
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
As the Company has an approximate 53% indirect controlling equity interest in ALOG, it began consolidating the results of ALOGs operations on the Acquisition Date. Upon consolidation, all amounts pertaining to the approximate 10% of ALOG that Zion does not own, as well as Riverwoods interest in ALOG and Zion, are reported as redeemable non-controlling interests in the Companys consolidated financial statements. The Company incurred acquisition costs of $678,000 and $2,307,000, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 related to ALOG, which were included in the consolidated statements of operations.
Purchase Price Allocation
The ALOG Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to ALOGs net tangible and intangible assets based upon their fair value as of the Acquisition Date. Based upon the purchase price and the valuation of ALOG, the preliminary purchase price allocation was as follows (in thousands):
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 9,769 | ||
Accounts receivable |
6,756 | |||
Prepaid expense and other current assets |
575 | |||
Property, plant and equipment |
52,542 | |||
Goodwill |
104,799 | |||
Intangible assets |
19,295 | |||
Other non-current assets |
6,987 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
200,723 | |||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(49,965 | ) | ||
Debt |
(25,669 | ) | ||
Other current liabilities |
(4,643 | ) | ||
Other non-current liabilities |
(1,946 | ) | ||
Redeemable non-controlling interests |
(66,777 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 51,723 | ||
|
|
The Companys preliminary purchase price includes the Companys current estimate of the fair value of the Contingent Consideration. The Company continues to evaluate certain assets and liabilities related to the ALOG Acquisition. Additional information, which existed as of the Acquisition Date but was unknown to the Company at that time, may become known to the Company during the remainder of the measurement period, a period not to exceed 12 months from the Acquisition Date. Changes to the assets and liabilities recorded may result in a corresponding adjustment to goodwill.
The following table presents certain information on the acquired identifiable intangible assets (dollars in thousands):
Intangible assets |
Fair value | Estimated useful lives (years) |
Weighted- average estimated useful lives (years) | |||||
Customer contracts |
$17,093 | 5 7 | 5.9 | |||||
Other |
2,202 | 3 6 | 4.3 |
The fair value of customer contracts was estimated by applying an income approach. The fair value was determined by calculating the present value of estimated future operating cash flows generated from exisiting customers less costs to realize the revenue. The Company applied a discount rate of approximately 15.6%, which reflects the nature of the asset as it relates to the estimated future operating cash flows. Other significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the customer contracts include projected revenue growth, customer attrition rates, sales and marketing expenses and operating margins. The fair value of the other acquired identifiable intangible assets were estimated by applying an income or cost approach as appropriate. The fair value measurements were based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements as defined in the accounting standard for fair value measurements.
9
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company determined the fair value of the loans payable assumed in the ALOG Acquisition by estimating ALOGs debt rating and reviewed market data with a similar debt rating and other characteristics of the debt, including the maturity date and security type. The Company determined that the book value approximated the fair value as of the Acquisition Date.
The Company determined the fair value of the redeemable non-controlling interests assumed in the ALOG Acquisition based on the consideration transferred, which included the values ascribed to the Call Options and Put Options. The Company will record an adjustment each reporting period to these redeemable non-controlling interests such that the carrying value of the redeemable non-controlling interests equals the greater of fair value or a minimum IRR as outlined in the Put Options.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is attributable to the workforce of ALOG and the significant synergies expected to arise after the ALOG Acquisition. A portion of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for local tax purposes. Goodwill will not be amortized and will be tested for impairment at least annually. Goodwill recorded as a result of the ALOG Acquisition is attributable to the Companys Americas reportable segment (see Note 12) and reporting unit (see Note 4).
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the operations of ALOG from April 25, 2011 through September 30, 2011 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011. The following table sets forth the results of operations of ALOG which were included in the Companys consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||
September 30, 2011 | ||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 17,858 | $ | 29,582 | ||||
Net income |
807 | 804 |
The ALOG Acquisition was not material to the Companys consolidated balance sheets and results of operations; therefore, the Company does not present unaudited pro forma combined consolidated financial information.
3. Earnings Per Share
The Company computes its earnings per share (EPS) using the two-class method as prescribed by the accounting standard for earnings per share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation method for computing EPS when an entitys capital structure includes either two or more classes of common stock or includes common stock and participating securities. The two-class method calculates EPS based on distributed earnings (i.e., adjustments to redeemable non-controlling interests) and undistributed earnings. Undistributed losses are not allocated to participating securities under the two-class method unless the participating security has a contractual obligation to share in losses on a basis that is objectively determinable. Common shares of ALOG and Zion are considered participating securities in which the Company has indirect controlling equity interests.
10
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 20,639 | $ | 11,196 | $ | 76,517 | $ | 23,121 | ||||||||
Adjustments attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
(10,959 | ) | | (10,962 | ) | | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income attributable to Equinix, basic and diluted |
$ | 9,680 | $ | 11,196 | $ | 65,555 | $ | 23,121 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted-average shares used to compute basic earnings per share |
47,202 | 45,745 | 46,861 | 42,961 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||||||||||
Employee equity awards |
741 | 931 | 833 | 1,079 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted earnings per share |
47,943 | 46,676 | 47,694 | 44,040 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Earnings per share attributable to Equinix: |
||||||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.21 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 0.54 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.20 | $ | 0.24 | $ | 1.37 | $ | 0.53 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table sets forth weighted-average outstanding potential shares of common stock that are not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation above because to do so would be anti-dilutive for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Shares reserved for conversion of 2.50% convertible subordinated notes |
2,232 | 2,232 | 2,232 | 2,232 | ||||||||||||
Shares reserved for conversion of 3.00% convertible subordinated notes |
2,945 | 2,945 | 2,945 | 2,945 | ||||||||||||
Shares reserved for conversion of 4.75% convertible subordinated notes |
4,433 | 4,433 | 4,433 | 4,433 | ||||||||||||
Common stock related to employee equity awards |
685 | 667 | 657 | 933 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
10,295 | 10,277 | 10,267 | 10,543 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
4. Balance Sheet Components
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term and Long-Term Investments
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments consisted of the following as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Cash and cash equivalents: |
||||||||
Cash |
$ | 81,432 | $ | 85,297 | ||||
Cash equivalents: |
||||||||
Money markets |
285,891 | 110,563 | ||||||
U.S. government securities |
| 246,981 | ||||||
U.S. government agencies securities |
3,200 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total cash and cash equivalents |
370,523 | 442,841 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Marketable securities: |
||||||||
U.S. government securities |
622,699 | 144,976 | ||||||
U.S. government agencies securities |
117,555 | | ||||||
Corporate bonds |
43,463 | 2,645 | ||||||
Certificates of deposit |
7,859 | | ||||||
Foreign government securities |
7,348 | | ||||||
Asset-backed securities |
741 | 2,377 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total marketable securities |
799,665 | 149,998 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments |
$ | 1,170,188 | $ | 592,839 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized gains and losses related to the Companys short-term and long-term investments in marketable securities designated as available-for-sale securities as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | |||||||||||||
U.S. government securities |
$ | 622,722 | $ | 41 | $ | (64 | ) | $ | 622,699 | |||||||
U.S. government agencies securities |
117,600 | 99 | (144 | ) | 117,555 | |||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
43,538 | 9 | (84 | ) | 43,463 | |||||||||||
Certificates of deposit |
7,859 | | | 7,859 | ||||||||||||
Foreign government securities |
7,358 | | (10 | ) | 7,348 | |||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
720 | 21 | | 741 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 799,797 | $ | 170 | $ | (302 | ) | $ | 799,665 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Fair Value | |||||||||||||
U.S. government securities |
$ | 144,972 | $ | 4 | $ | | $ | 144,976 | ||||||||
Corporate bonds |
2,632 | 13 | | 2,645 | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
2,266 | 112 | (1 | ) | 2,377 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 149,870 | $ | 129 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 149,998 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, cash equivalents included investments which were readily convertible to cash and had original maturity dates of 90 days or less. The maturities of securities classified as short-term investments were one year or less as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The maturities of securities classified as long-term investments were greater than one year and less than three years as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
While certain marketable securities carry unrealized losses, the Company expects that it will receive both principal and interest according to the stated terms of each of the securities and that the decline in market value is primarily due to changes in the interest rate environment from the time the securities were purchased as compared to interest rates at September 30, 2011.
The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to 66 available-for-sale securities with an aggregate cost basis of $147,838,000, aggregated by type of investment and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of September 30, 2011 (in thousands):
Securities in a loss position for less than 12 months |
Securities in a loss position for 12 months or more |
|||||||||||||||
Fair value | Gross unrealized losses |
Fair value | Gross unrealized losses |
|||||||||||||
U.S. government securities |
$ | 49,936 | $ | (64 | ) | $ | | $ | | |||||||
U.S. government agencies securities |
65,260 | (144 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
27,020 | (84 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Foreign government securities |
5,320 | (10 | ) | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 147,536 | $ | (302 | ) | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
While the Company does not believe it holds investments that are other-than-temporarily impaired and believes that the Companys investments will mature at par as of September 30, 2011, the Companys investments are subject to the currently adverse market conditions. If market conditions were to deteriorate, the Company could sustain other-than-temporary impairments to its investment portfolio which could result in additional realized losses being recorded in interest income, net or securities markets could become inactive which could affect the liquidity of the Companys investments.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivables, net, consisted of the following as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Accounts receivable |
$ | 249,339 | $ | 210,919 | ||||
Unearned revenue |
(100,670 | ) | (90,753 | ) | ||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
(4,484 | ) | (3,808 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 144,185 | $ | 116,358 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and generally do not bear interest. The Company generally invoices its customers at the end of a calendar month for services to be provided the following month. Accordingly, unearned revenue consists of pre-billing for services that have not yet been provided, but which have been billed to customers in advance in accordance with the terms of their contract.
13
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Other Current Assets
Other current assets consisted of the following as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Restricted cash, current |
$ | 57,015 | $ | | ||||
Deferred tax assets, net |
20,274 | 38,696 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses |
19,656 | 17,810 | ||||||
Taxes receivable |
11,551 | 6,857 | ||||||
Other receivables |
1,680 | 4,779 | ||||||
Foreign currency forward contract receivable |
381 | | ||||||
Other current assets |
4,787 | 3,515 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 115,344 | $ | 71,657 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash, current has increased as a result of the Paris 4 IBX Financing (see Note 9).
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
IBX plant and machinery |
$ | 1,788,389 | $ | 1,524,559 | ||||
Leasehold improvements |
947,323 | 826,540 | ||||||
Buildings |
525,768 | 395,752 | ||||||
IBX equipment |
344,178 | 263,995 | ||||||
Site improvements |
313,086 | 307,933 | ||||||
Computer equipment and software |
130,244 | 114,263 | ||||||
Land |
92,092 | 89,312 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures |
17,628 | 15,602 | ||||||
Construction in progress |
199,565 | 128,535 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
4,358,273 | 3,666,491 | |||||||
Less accumulated depreciation |
(1,236,179 | ) | (1,015,538 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 3,122,094 | $ | 2,650,953 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Leasehold improvements, IBX plant and machinery, computer equipment and software and buildings recorded under capital leases aggregated $128,312,000 and $117,289,000 at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Amortization on the assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation expense and accumulated depreciation on such assets totaled $31,300,000 and $29,235,000 as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
14
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill and intangible assets, net, consisted of the following as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Goodwill: |
||||||||
Americas |
$ | 497,107 | $ | 408,730 | ||||
EMEA |
350,264 | 345,486 | ||||||
Asia-Pacific |
19,909 | 20,149 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 867,280 | $ | 774,365 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Intangible assets: |
||||||||
Intangible asset customer contracts |
$ | 171,577 | $ | 156,621 | ||||
Intangible asset favorable leases |
18,207 | 18,285 | ||||||
Intangible asset others |
5,336 | 3,483 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
195,120 | 178,389 | |||||||
Accumulated amortization |
(41,615 | ) | (27,444 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 153,505 | $ | 150,945 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by geographic regions are as follows (in thousands):
Americas | EMEA | Asia-Pacific | Total | |||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2010 |
$ | 408,730 | $ | 345,486 | $ | 20,149 | $ | 774,365 | ||||||||
ALOG acquisition (see Note 2) |
104,799 | | | 104,799 | ||||||||||||
Impact of foreign currency exchange |
(16,422 | ) | 4,778 | (240 | ) | (11,404 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2011 |
$ | 497,107 | $ | 350,264 | $ | 19,909 | $ | 867,280 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Companys goodwill and intangible assets in EMEA (see Note 12), denominated in British pounds and Euros, goodwill in Asia-Pacific, denominated in Singapore dollars, and certain goodwill and intangibles in Americas, denominated in Canadian dollars and Brazilian reais, are subject to foreign currency fluctuations. The Companys foreign currency translation gains and losses, including goodwill and intangibles, are a component of other comprehensive income and loss.
Changes in the gross book value of intangible assets by geographic regions are as follows (in thousands):
Americas | EMEA | Total | ||||||||||
Intangible assets, gross at December 31, 2010 |
$ | 118,439 | $ | 59,950 | $ | 178,389 | ||||||
ALOG acquisition (see Note 2) |
19,295 | | 19,295 | |||||||||
Impact of foreign currency exchange |
(3,383 | ) | 819 | (2,564 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Intangible assets, gross at September 30, 2011 |
$ | 134,351 | $ | 60,769 | $ | 195,120 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Company recorded amortization expense of $5,043,000 and $14,207,000, respectively, associated with its intangible assets. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Company recorded amortization expense of $4,357,000 and $9,378,000, respectively, associated with its intangible assets. The Companys estimated future amortization expense related to these intangibles is as follows (in thousands):
Year ending: |
||||
2011 (three months remaining) |
$ | 4,859 | ||
2012 |
19,436 | |||
2013 |
19,389 | |||
2014 |
19,024 | |||
2015 |
18,558 | |||
Thereafter |
72,239 | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
$ | 153,505 | ||
|
|
Other Assets
Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Restricted cash, non-current |
$ | 37,255 | $ | 4,309 | ||||
Debt issuance costs, net |
43,627 | 34,066 | ||||||
Deposits |
31,918 | 24,604 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses, non-current |
20,333 | 9,597 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets, net |
19,446 | 16,955 | ||||||
Other assets, non-current |
5,512 | 1,361 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 158,091 | $ | 90,892 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash, non-current has increased primarily as a result of the Paris 4 IBX Financing (see Note 9).
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 21,521 | $ | 12,585 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
53,192 | 53,259 | ||||||
Accrued taxes |
34,594 | 15,707 | ||||||
Accrued interest |
32,704 | 25,456 | ||||||
Accrued utilities and security |
18,613 | 18,346 | ||||||
Accrued repairs and maintenance |
3,385 | 2,894 | ||||||
Accrued professional fees |
2,945 | 3,786 | ||||||
Accrued other |
14,139 | 13,821 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 181,093 | $ | 145,854 | |||||
|
|
|
|
16
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Other Current Liabilities
Other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Deferred installation revenue |
$ | 34,913 | $ | 31,149 | ||||
Customer deposits |
11,251 | 12,624 | ||||||
Deferred recurring revenue |
3,201 | 2,349 | ||||||
Accrued restructuring charges |
2,751 | 3,089 | ||||||
Deferred rent |
1,548 | 585 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
993 | 993 | ||||||
Foreign currency forward contract payable |
275 | 58 | ||||||
Asset retirement obligations |
363 | 445 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
392 | 1,336 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 55,687 | $ | 52,628 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Other Liabilities
Other liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Deferred tax liabilities, net |
$ | 93,678 | $ | 103,717 | ||||
Asset retirement obligations, non-current |
55,010 | 46,322 | ||||||
Deferred rent, non-current |
46,938 | 43,705 | ||||||
Deferred installation revenue, non-current |
23,207 | 19,488 | ||||||
Accrued taxes, non-current |
16,020 | | ||||||
Deferred recurring revenue, non-current |
5,904 | 4,897 | ||||||
Customer deposits, non-current |
5,660 | 4,206 | ||||||
Accrued restructuring charges, non-current |
4,478 | 3,952 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
2,405 | 2,473 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 253,300 | $ | 228,760 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The Company currently leases the majority of its IBX data centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements expiring through 2035. The IBX data center lease agreements typically provide for base rental rates that increase at defined intervals during the term of the lease. In addition, the Company has negotiated some rent expense abatement periods for certain leases to better match the phased build-out of its centers. The Company accounts for such abatements and increasing base rentals using the straight-line method over the life of the lease. The difference between the straight-line expense and the cash payment is recorded as deferred rent.
5. Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. As a result of foreign currency fluctuations, the U.S. dollar equivalent values of the foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities change. Foreign currency forward contracts represent agreements to exchange the currency of one country for the currency of another country at an agreed-upon price on an agreed-upon settlement date.
The Company has not designated the foreign currency forward contracts as hedging instruments under the accounting standard for derivatives and hedging. Gains and losses on these contracts are included in other income (expense), net, along with those foreign currency gains and losses of the related foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities associated with these foreign currency forward contracts. The Company entered into various foreign currency forward contracts during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
17
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The following table sets forth the Companys net gain (loss), which is reflected in other income (expense) on the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations, in connection with its foreign currency forward contracts (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Net gain (loss) |
$ | 1,397 | $ | (1,677 | ) | $ | 163 | $ | 19 |
6. Fair Value Measurements
The Companys financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2011 were as follows (in thousands):
Fair value as of September 30, 2011 |
Fair value measurement using | |||||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. government obligations |
$ | 622,699 | $ | | $ | 622,699 | $ | | ||||||||
U.S. government agency obligations |
120,755 | | 120,755 | | ||||||||||||
Cash and money markets |
367,323 | 367,323 | | | ||||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
43,463 | | 43,463 | | ||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit |
7,859 | 7,859 | | | ||||||||||||
Foreign government securities |
7,348 | | 7,348 | | ||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities |
741 | | 741 | | ||||||||||||
Foreign currency forward contracts (1) |
381 | | 381 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 1,170,569 | $ | 375,182 | $ | 795,387 | $ | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency forward contracts (1) |
$ | 275 | $ | | $ | 275 | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
(1) | Amounts are included within other current assets and other current liabilities in the Companys accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. |
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments. The fair value of the Company's investments in available-for-sale money market funds approximates their face value. Such instruments are included in cash equivalents. These instruments include available-for-sale debt investments related to the Company's investments in the securities of other public companies, governmental units and other agencies. The fair value of these investments is based on the quoted market price of the underlying shares. Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. These techniques involve uncertainties and are affected by the assumptions used and the judgments made regarding risk characteristics of various financial instruments, discount rates, estimates of future cash flows, future expected loss experience and other factors.
The Company considers each category of investments held to be an asset group. The asset groups held at September 30, 2011 were primarily U.S. government securities, cash and money market funds, corporate bonds, certificate of deposits and foreign government securities. The Companys fair value assessment includes an evaluation by each of these securities available-for-sale, all of which continue to be classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The types of instruments valued based on other observable inputs include available-for-sale debt investments in other public companies, governmental units and other agencies. Such instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
18
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company uses the specific identification method in computing realized gains or losses. Short-term and long-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices with unrealized gains and losses reported in stockholders equity as a component of other comprehensive income or loss, net of any related tax effect. The Company reviews its investment portfolio quarterly to determine if any securities may be other-than-temporarily impaired due to increased credit risk, changes in industry or sector of a certain instrument or ratings downgrades over an extended period of time. The Company determined that these quoted market prices qualify as Level 1 and Level 2.
Derivative Assets and Liabilities. For foreign currency derivatives, the Company uses forward contract and option valuation models employing market observable inputs, such as spot currency rates, time value and option volatilities with adjustments made to these values utilizing the credit default swap rates of our foreign exchange trading counterparties. Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit risk valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. However, as of September 30, 2011, the Company had assessed the significance of the impact of the credit risk valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and had determined that the credit risk valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. Therefore, they are categorized as Level 2.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Company did not have any nonfinancial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
7. Related Party Transactions
The Company has several significant stockholders and other related parties that are also customers and/or vendors. The Companys activity of related party transactions was as follows (in thousands):
Three months
ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 6,608 | $ | 5,758 | $ | 19,388 | $ | 16,792 | ||||||||
Costs and services |
915 | 1,840 | 2,709 | 2,649 |
As of September 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Accounts receivable |
$ | 5,271 | $ | 4,397 | ||||
Accounts payable |
461 | 246 |
In connection with the ALOG Acquisition, the Company acquired a lease for one of the Brazilian IBX data centers in which the lessor is a member of ALOG management. This lease contains an option to purchase the underlying property for fair market value on the date of purchase. The Company accounts for this lease as a financing obligation as a result of structural building work pursuant to the accounting standard for lessees involvement in asset construction. As of September 30, 2011, the Company had a financing obligation liability totaling approximately $4,576,000 related to this lease on its balance sheet. This amount is considered a related party liability, which is not reflected in the related party data presented above.
19
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
8. Capital Lease and Other Financing Obligations
Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease
In August 2010, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a lease agreement for rental of space which will be used for its second IBX data center in Hong Kong. Additionally, in December 2010, the Company entered into a license agreement with the same Landlord to obtain the right to make structural changes to the leased space (the Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease). The Hong Kong 2 IBX Lease has a term of 12 years and a total cumulative rent obligation of approximately $40,447,000. Pursuant to the accounting standard for lessees involvement in asset construction, the Company is now considered the owner of the leased space during the construction phase due to the structural work that the Company is now undertaking, which commenced in January 2011. As a result, in January 2011, the Company recorded a building asset and a related financing obligation liability totaling approximately $38,036,000 (using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2011).
New York 5 IBX Lease
In May 2011, the Company entered into a lease amendment for two buildings that the Company will develop and ultimately convert into its eighth IBX data center in the New York metro area (the NY 5 IBX Expansion Project and the NY 5 Lease Amendment). Under the NY 5 Lease Amendment, the Company exercised its first five year renewal option available in the original lease agreement, which was entered into in April 2010. The NY 5 Lease Amendment has a remaining term of 16.7 years and a total cumulative remaining rent obligation of approximately $41,168,000 commencing May 2011. The Company began the specified construction for one of the two buildings in June 2011. Pursuant to the accounting standard for lessees involvement in asset construction, the Company is considered the owner of the building during the construction phase due to the structural building work that the Company is undertaking. As a result, the Company will be recording a building asset during the construction period and a related financing liability (the NY 5 IBX Building Financing), while the underlying land will be considered an operating lease. The building is expected to be completed during the second half of 2012. In connection with the NY 5 IBX Building Financing, the Company recorded a building asset totaling approximately $11,541,000 and a corresponding financing obligation liability totaling approximately $12,244,000 as of September 30, 2011. The other building is being accounted for as a capital lease.
DC 10 Lease
In December 2010, the Company entered into a lease for a building that the Company and the landlord will jointly develop to meet the Companys needs and which the Company will ultimately convert into its 10th IBX data center in the Washington, D.C. metro area (the DC 10 IBX Expansion Project and the DC 10 Lease). The DC 10 Lease has a term of 12 years commencing from the date the landlord delivers the completed building to the Company, which is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2011. Monthly payments under the DC 10 Lease are expected to commence six months after the date the landlord delivers the completed building to the Company and will be made through the end of the lease term at an effective interest rate of 11.1%. The DC 10 Lease has a total cumulative rent obligation of approximately $27,752,000. The landlord began construction of the building to the Companys specifications in May 2011. Pursuant to the accounting standard for lessees involvement in asset construction, the Company is considered the owner of the building during the construction phase due to the building work that the landlord and the Company is undertaking. As a result, the Company will be recording a building asset during the construction period and a related financing liability (the DC 10 IBX Building Financing), while the underlying land will be considered an operating lease. In connection with the DC 10 IBX Building Financing, the Company recorded a building asset totaling approximately $11,304,000 and a corresponding financing obligation liability totaling approximately $11,514,000, representing the estimated percentage-of-completion of the building as of September 30, 2011.
20
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Singapore 1 IBX Lease
In March 2011, the Company entered into a lease amendment to add space to its currently existing IBX data center in Singapore (the Singapore IBX Expansion Project and the Singapore 1 IBX Lease). The Company exercised an option to convert part of the space within the Singapore IBX Expansion project to meet the Companys needs. The Singapore 1 IBX Lease has a remaining term of 6.1 years and a total cumulative remaining rent obligation of approximately $15,374,000 (using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2011) commencing in April 2011. The Company began construction in July 2011. Pursuant to the accounting standard for lessees involvement in asset construction, the Company is considered the owner of the building during the construction phase due to the building work that the Company is undertaking. As a result, the Company recorded a building asset during the construction period and a related financing liability (the Singapore 1 IBX Building Financing). In connection with the Singapore 1 IBX Building Financing, in July 2011, the Company recorded a building asset and a corresponding financing obligation liability totaling approximately $43,358,000 (using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2011).
Maturities of Capital Lease and Other Financing Obligations
The Companys capital lease and other financing obligations are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
As of September 30, 2011 | ||||||||||||
Capital lease obligations |
Other financing obligations |
Total | ||||||||||
2011 (three months remaining) |
$ | 4,685 | $ | 4,757 | $ | 9,442 | ||||||
2012 |
18,368 | 20,999 | 39,367 | |||||||||
2013 |
18,008 | 22,039 | 40,047 | |||||||||
2014 |
18,602 | 22,956 | 41,558 | |||||||||
2015 |
18,978 | 23,926 | 42,904 | |||||||||
Thereafter |
139,270 | 192,688 | 331,958 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total minimum lease payments |
217,911 | 287,365 | 505,276 | |||||||||
Plus amount representing residual property value |
| 195,618 | 195,618 | |||||||||
Less estimated building costs |
| (4,521 | ) | (4,521 | ) | |||||||
Less amount representing interest |
(81,625 | ) | (226,533 | ) | (308,158 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Present value of net minimum lease payments |
136,286 | 251,929 | 388,215 | |||||||||
Less current portion |
(7,981 | ) | (3,386 | ) | (11,367 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
$ | 128,305 | $ | 248,543 | $ | 376,848 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. Debt Facilities
Loans Payable
The Companys loans payable consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
New Asia-Pacific financing |
$ | 184,844 | $ | 120,315 | ||||
Paris 4 IBX financing |
40,054 | | ||||||
ALOG debt |
11,738 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
236,636 | 120,315 | |||||||
Less current portion of principal |
(74,652 | ) | (19,978 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 161,984 | $ | 100,337 | |||||
|
|
|
|
21
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Senior Revolving Credit Line
In September 2011, the Company entered into a $150,000,000 senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the Senior Revolving Credit Line) with a group of lenders (the Lenders). The Senior Revolving Credit Line replaced the Companys $25,000,000 revolving credit facility with Bank of America (the Bank of America Revolving Credit Line). As a result, the outstanding letters of credit issued under the Bank of America Revolving Credit Line were all transferred into the Senior Revolving Credit Line. The Company may use the Senior Revolving Credit Line for working capital, capital expenditures, issuance of letters of credit, general corporate purposes and to refinance a portion of the Companys existing debt obligations. The Senior Revolving Credit Line has a five-year term and allows the Company to borrow, repay and re-borrow over the term. The Senior Revolving Credit Line provides a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit of up to $100,000,000 and a sublimit for swing line borrowings of up to $25,000,000. Borrowings under the Senior Revolving Credit Line carry an interest rate of US$ LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% per annum, which varies as a function of the Companys senior leverage ratio. The Company is also subject to a quarterly non-utilization fee ranging from 0.30% to 0.40% per annum, the pricing of which will also vary as a function of the Companys senior leverage ratio. Additionally, the Company may increase the size of the Senior Revolving Credit Line at its election by up to $100,000,000, subject to approval by the Lenders and based on current market conditions. The Senior Revolving Credit Line contains several financial covenants, which the Company must comply with quarterly, including a leverage ratio, fixed charge coverage ratio and a minimum net worth covenant. As of September 30, 2011, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the Senior Revolving Credit Line.
As of September 30, 2011, the Companys cost of borrowing under the Senior Revolving Credit Line was 1.99% per annum. As of September 30, 2011, the Company had 14 irrevocable letters of credit totaling $18,960,000 issued and outstanding under the Senior Revolving Credit Line. As a result, the amount available to borrow was $131,040,000 as of September 30, 2011.
Paris 4 IBX Financing
In March 2011, the Company entered into two agreements with two unrelated parties to purchase and develop a building that will ultimately become the Companys fourth IBX data center in the Paris metro area. The first agreement allowed the Company the right to purchase the property for a total fee of approximately $20,160,000, payable to a company that held exclusive rights (including power rights) to the property and was already in the process of developing the property into a data center and will now, instead, become the anchor tenant in the Paris 4 IBX data center once it is open for business. The second agreement was entered into with the developer of the property and allowed the Company to take immediate title to the building and associated land and also requires the developer to construct the data center to the Companys specifications and deliver the completed data center to the Company in July 2012 for a total fee of approximately $101,725,000. Both agreements include extended payment terms. The Company made payments under both agreements totaling approximately $35,687,000 in March 2011 and the remaining payments due totaling approximately $86,197,000 are payable on various dates through March 2013 (the Paris 4 IBX Financing). Of the amounts paid or payable under the Paris 4 IBX Financing, a total of approximately $14,951,000 was allocated to land and building assets, $3,444,000 was allocated to a deferred charge, which will be netted against revenue associated with the anchor tenant of the Paris 4 IBX data center over the term of the customer contract, and the remainder totaling $103,490,000 was or will be allocated to construction costs inclusive of interest charges. The Company has imputed an interest rate of 5.90% per annum on the Paris 4 IBX Financing as of September 30, 2011. The Company will record additional construction costs and increase the Paris 4 IBX Financing liability over the course of the construction period. The Paris 4 IBX Financing also required the Company to post approximately $89,676,000 of cash into a restricted cash account to ensure liquidity for the developer during the construction period. As a result, the Companys restricted cash balances (both current and non-current) have increased (refer to Other Current Assets and Other Assets in Note 4).
22
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Senior Notes
The Companys senior notes consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
8.125% senior notes due 2018 |
$ | 750,000 | $ | 750,000 | ||||
7.00% senior notes due 2021 |
750,000 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
1,500,000 | 750,000 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
7.00% Senior Notes
In July 2011, the Company issued $750,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior Notes due July 15, 2021 (the 7.00% Senior Notes). Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing on January 15, 2012.
The 7.00% Senior Notes are governed by an indenture dated July 6, 2011 between the Company, as issuer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the 7.00% Senior Notes Indenture). The 7.00% Senior Notes Indenture contains covenants that limit the Companys ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things:
| incur additional debt; |
| pay dividends or make other restricted payments; |
| purchase, redeem or retire capital stock or subordinated debt; |
| make asset sales; |
| enter into transactions with affiliates; |
| incur liens; |
| enter into sale-leaseback transactions; |
| provide subsidiary guarantees; |
| make investments; and |
| merge or consolidate with any other person. |
Each of these restrictions has a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The 7.00% Senior Notes are unsecured and rank equal in right of payment to the Companys existing or future senior debt and senior in right of payment to the Companys existing and future subordinated debt including the Companys convertible debt. The 7.00% Senior Notes are effectively junior to any of the Companys existing and future secured indebtedness and any secured indebtedness of its subsidiaries. The 7.00% Senior Notes are also structurally subordinated to all debt and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the Companys subsidiaries and will continue to be subordinated to the extent that these subsidiaries do not guarantee the 7.00% Senior Notes in the future.
23
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
At any time prior to July 15, 2014, the Company may on any one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes outstanding under the 7.00% Senior Notes Indenture, at a redemption price equal to 107.000% of the principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date, with the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings, provided that (i) at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes issued under the 7.00% Senior Notes Indenture remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption and (ii) the redemption must occur within 90 days of the date of the closing of such equity offerings. On or after July 15, 2016, the Company may redeem all or a part of the 7.00% Senior Notes, on any one or more occasions, at the redemption prices set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, up to, but not including, the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on July 15 of the years indicated below:
Redemption price of the Senior Notes | ||
2016 |
103.500% | |
2017 |
102.333% | |
2018 |
101.167% | |
2019 and thereafter |
100.000% |
In addition, at any time prior to July 15, 2016, the Company may also redeem all or a part of the 7.00% Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes redeemed plus applicable premium (the Applicable Premium) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of redemption (the Redemption Date). The Applicable Premium means the greater of:
| 1.0% of the principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes to be redeemed; and |
| the excess of: (a) the present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of the 7.00% Senior Notes to be redeemed at July 15, 2016 as shown in the above table, plus (ii) all required interest payments due on these 7.00% Senior Notes through July 15, 2016 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the yield to maturity as of the redemption date of the United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to July 15, 2016, plus 0.50%; over (b) the principal amount of the 7.00% Senior Notes to be redeemed. |
Upon a change in control, the Company will be required to make an offer to purchase each holders 7.00% Senior Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase.
Debt issuance costs related to the 7.00% Senior Notes, net of amortization, were $13,927,000 as of September 30, 2011.
Convertible Debt
The Companys convertible debt consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
2.50% convertible subordinated notes due April 2012 |
$ | 250,000 | $ | 250,000 | ||||
3.00% convertible subordinated notes due October 2014 |
395,986 | 395,986 | ||||||
4.75% convertible subordinated notes due June 2016 |
373,750 | 373,750 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
1,019,736 | 1,019,736 | |||||||
Less amount representing debt discount |
(85,040 | ) | (103,399 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
934,696 | 916,337 | |||||||
Less current portion |
(243,176 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 691,520 | $ | 916,337 | |||||
|
|
|
|
24
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Maturities of Debt Facilities
The following table sets forth maturities of the Companys debt, including loans payable, senior notes and convertible debt, as of September 30, 2011 (in thousands):
Year ending: |
||||
2011 (three months remaining) |
$ | 1,546 | ||
2012 |
317,207 | |||
2013 |
63,339 | |||
2014 |
460,444 | |||
2015 |
33,257 | |||
Thereafter |
1,795,539 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 2,671,332 | |||
|
|
Fair Value of Debt Facilities
The following table sets forth the estimated fair values of the Companys loans payable, senior notes and convertible debt, including current maturities, as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Loans payable |
$ | 244,827 | $ | 126,958 | ||||
Senior notes |
1,520,802 | 816,270 | ||||||
Convertible debt |
1,019,348 | 995,012 |
Interest Charges
The following table sets forth total interest costs incurred and total interest costs capitalized for the periods presented (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
$ | 51,114 | $ | 38,363 | $ | 126,152 | $ | 101,653 | ||||||||
Interest capitalized |
3,325 | 2,010 | 9,266 | 8,746 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Interest charges incurred |
$ | 54,439 | $ | 40,373 | $ | 135,418 | $ | 110,399 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Matters
IPO Litigation
On July 30, 2001 and August 8, 2001, putative shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against the Company, certain of its officers and directors (the Individual Defendants), and several investment banks that were underwriters of the Companys initial public offering (the Underwriter Defendants). The cases were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Similar lawsuits were filed against approximately 300 other issuers and related parties. These lawsuits have been coordinated before a single judge. The purported class action alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b), Rule 10b-5 and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company and the Individual Defendants. The plaintiffs have since dismissed the Individual Defendants without prejudice. The suits allege that the Underwriter Defendants agreed to allocate stock in the Companys initial public offering to certain investors in exchange for excessive and undisclosed commissions and agreements by those investors to make additional purchases in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. The plaintiffs allege that the prospectus for the Companys initial public offering was false and misleading and in violation of the securities laws because it did not disclose these arrangements. The action seeks damages in an unspecified amount. On February 19, 2003, the court dismissed the Section 10(b) claim against the Company, but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim.
25
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The parties in the approximately 300 coordinated cases, including the parties in the Equinix case, reached a settlement. It provides for releases of existing claims and claims that could have been asserted relating to the conduct alleged to be wrongful from the class of investors participating in the settlement. The insurers for the issuer defendants in the coordinated cases will make the settlement payment on behalf of the issuers, including Equinix. On October 6, 2009, the Court granted final approval to the settlement. The settlement approval was appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. One appeal was dismissed and the second appeal was remanded to the district court to determine if the appellant is a class member with standing to appeal. The district court ruled that the appellant is not a class member with standing to appeal. The appellant has filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit a notice of appeal of the district court opinion that he is not a class member.
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The Company intends to continue to defend the action vigorously if the settlement does not survive the remaining appeal.
The Company believes that while an unfavorable outcome to this litigation is reasonably possible, a range of potential loss cannot be determined at this time. The Company has not accrued any amounts in connection with this legal matter as of September 30, 2011 as the Company concluded that an unfavorable outcome is not probable.
Pihana Litigation
On August 22, 2008, a complaint was filed against Equinix, certain former officers and directors of Pihana Pacific, Inc. (Pihana), certain investors in Pihana, and others. The lawsuit was filed in the First Circuit Court of the State of Hawaii, and arises out of December 2002 agreements pursuant to which Equinix merged Pihana and i-STT (a subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd) into the Internet exchange services business of Equinix. Plaintiffs, who were allegedly holders of Pihana common stock, allege that their rights as shareholders were violated, and the transaction was effectuated improperly, by Pihana's majority shareholders, officers and directors, with the alleged assistance of Equinix and others. Among other things, plaintiffs contend that they effectively had a right to block the transaction, that this supposed right was disregarded, and that they improperly received no consideration when the deal was completed. The complaint seeks to recover unspecified punitive damages, equitable relief, fees and costs, and compensatory damages in an amount that plaintiffs allegedly believe may be all or a substantial portion of the approximately $725,000,000 value of Equinix held by Defendants (a group that includes more than 30 individuals and entities). An amended complaint, which added new plaintiffs (other alleged holders of Pihana common stock) but is otherwise substantially similar to the original pleading, was filed on September 29, 2008 (the Amended Complaint). On October 13, 2008, a complaint was filed in a separate action by another purported holder of Pihana common stock, naming the same defendants and asserting substantially similar allegations as the August 22, 2008 and September 29, 2008 pleadings. On December 12, 2008, the court entered a stipulated order, which consolidated the two actions under one case number and set January 22, 2009 as the last day for Defendants to move to dismiss or otherwise respond to the Amended Complaint, the operative complaint in this case. On January 22, 2009, motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint were filed by Equinix and other Defendants. On April 24, 2009, plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint (SAC) to correct the naming of certain parties. The SAC is otherwise substantively identical to the Amended Complaint, and all motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint have been treated as responsive to the SAC. On September 1, 2009, the Court heard Defendants motions to dismiss the SAC and ruled at the hearing that all claims against all Defendants are time-barred. The Court also considered whether there were further independent grounds for dismissing the claims, and supplemental briefing was submitted with respect to claims against one defendant and plaintiffs renewed request for further leave to amend. On March 23, 2010, the Court entered final Orders granting the motions to dismiss as to all Defendants and issued a minute Order denying plaintiffs renewed request for further leave to amend. On May 21, 2010, plaintiffs filed a Notice of Appeal, and plaintiffs appeal is currently pending before the Hawaii Supreme Court. In January 2011, one group of co-defendants (Morgan Stanley and certain persons and entities affiliated with it) entered into a separate settlement with plaintiffs. The trial court determined that the settlement was made in good faith in accordance with Hawaii statutory law, and certain non-settling defendants (including Equinix) filed an appeal from that order before the Intermediate Court of Appeals. That appeal has been stayed pending resolution of plaintiffs appeal before the Hawaii Supreme Court. The Company believes that plaintiffs claims and alleged damages are without merit and it intends to continue to defend the litigation vigorously.
26
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
The Company believes that while an unfavorable outcome to this litigation is reasonably possible, a range of potential loss cannot be determined at this time. The Company has not accrued any amounts in connection with this legal matter as of September 30, 2011 as the Company concluded that an unfavorable outcome is not probable.
Alleged Class Action and Shareholder Derivative Actions
On March 4, 2011, an alleged class action entitled Cement Masons & Plasterers Joint Pension Trust v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CV-11-1016-SC, was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, against Equinix and two of its officers. The suit asserts purported claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for allegedly misleading statements regarding the Companys business and financial results. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of the Companys common stock between July 29, 2010 and October 5, 2010, and seeks compensatory damages, fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
On March 8, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Rikos v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CGC-11-508940, was filed in California Superior Court, County of San Francisco, against Equinix (as a nominal defendant), the members of the Companys board of directors, and two of its officers. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and, allegedly on the Companys behalf, asserts purported state law causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets and unjust enrichment. The suit seeks, among other things, compensatory and treble damages, restitution and other equitable relief, and fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
On May 20, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Stopa v. Clontz, et al., No. CV-11-2467-SC was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, purportedly on behalf of the Company, against the members of the Companys board of directors. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and the state court derivative action, and asserts causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty for allegedly disseminating false and misleading information, breach of fiduciary duty for allegedly failing to maintain internal controls, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement and waste of corporate assets. On June 10, 2011, the court signed an order relating this case to the federal securities class action. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of these matters. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
27
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company believes that while an unfavorable outcome to this litigation is reasonably possible, a range of potential loss cannot be determined at this time. The Company has not accrued any amounts in connection with this legal matter as of September 30, 2011 as the Company concluded that an unfavorable outcome is not probable.
Other Purchase Commitments
Primarily as a result of the Companys various IBX expansion projects, as of September 30, 2011, the Company was contractually committed for $221,305,000 of unaccrued capital expenditures, primarily for IBX equipment not yet delivered and labor not yet provided, in connection with the work necessary to open these IBX centers and make them available to customers for installation. In addition, the Company had numerous other, non-capital purchase commitments in place as of September 30, 2011, such as commitments to purchase power in select locations through the remainder of 2011 and thereafter, and other open purchase orders for goods or services to be delivered or provided during the remainder of 2011 and thereafter. Such other miscellaneous purchase commitments totaled $99,309,000 as of September 30, 2011.
11. Other Comprehensive Income and Loss
The components of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months
ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 20,639 | $ | 11,196 | $ | 76,517 | $ | 23,121 | ||||||||
Unrealized loss on available for sale securities, net of tax of $17, $1, $1 and $123, respectively |
(241 | ) | (3 | ) | (267 | ) | (185 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps, net of tax of $0, $0, $0 and $3,469, respectively |
| | | 4,933 | ||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain (loss) |
(88,659 | ) | 61,292 | (17,227 | ) | (10,831 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
(68,261 | ) | 72,485 | 59,023 | 17,038 | |||||||||||
Net income, net of tax, attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
(320 | ) | | (323 | ) | | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax, attributable to redeemable non-controlling interests |
10,163 | | 9,096 | | ||||||||||||
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Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, attributable to Equinix |
$ | (58,418 | ) | $ | 72,485 | $ | 67,796 | $ | 17,038 | |||||||
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|
|
Changes in foreign currencies, particularly the British pound and Euro, can have a significant impact to the Companys consolidated balance sheets (as evidenced above in the Companys foreign currency translation gain or loss), as well as its consolidated results of operations, as amounts in foreign currencies are generally translating into more U.S. dollars when the U.S. dollar weakens or less U.S. dollars when the U.S. dollar strengthens. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar strengthened against certain of the currencies of the foreign countries in which the Company operates. This has significantly impacted the Companys condensed consolidated balance sheets (as evidenced in the Companys foreign currency translation loss in this period), as well as its condensed consolidated statements of operations as amounts denominated in foreign currencies are generally translating into less U.S. dollars. To the extent that the U.S. dollar weakens or strengthens in future periods, this will continue to impact the Companys consolidated financial statements including the amount of revenue that the Company reports in future periods.
12. Segment Information
During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Company changed its reportable segments as a result of the incorporation of legal entities in South America and the Middle East. The Companys prior North America segment was re-designated as the Americas segment, which includes both North and South America, and the Europe segment was re-designated as the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) segment. The change in reportable segments did not impact the Companys prior periods segment disclosures. While the Company has a single line of business, which is the design, build-out and operation of IBX data centers, it has determined that it has three reportable segments comprised of its Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific geographic regions. The Companys chief operating decision-maker evaluates performance, makes operating decisions and allocates resources based on the Companys revenue and adjusted EBITDA performance both on a consolidated basis and based on these three geographic regions.
28
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
The Company provides the following segment disclosures as follows (in thousands):
Three months
ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Total revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 268,854 | $ | 215,325 | $ | 755,270 | $ | 555,527 | ||||||||
EMEA |
92,324 | 72,794 | 262,974 | 203,042 | ||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
56,423 | 42,228 | 157,286 | 116,521 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
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|||||||||
$ | 417,601 | $ | 330,347 | $ | 1,175,530 | $ | 875,090 | |||||||||
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|
|||||||||
Total depreciation and amortization: |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 57,610 | $ | 50,414 | $ | 166,780 | $ | 120,822 | ||||||||
EMEA |
19,187 | 15,232 | 54,223 | 43,186 | ||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
13,949 | 7,652 | 33,300 | 20,729 | ||||||||||||
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$ | 90,749 | $ | 73,298 | $ | 254,303 | $ | 184,737 | |||||||||
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Income from operations: |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 51,659 | $ | 31,921 | $ | 148,050 | $ | 84,051 | ||||||||
EMEA |
16,305 | 10,258 | 41,954 | 26,251 | ||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
10,152 | 9,847 | 34,283 | 29,933 | ||||||||||||
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$ | 78,116 | $ | 52,026 | $ | 224,287 | $ | 140,235 | |||||||||
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Capital expenditures: |
||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 52,849 | (1) | $ | 75,508 | $ | 176,575 | (1) | $ | 372,555 | (2) | |||||
EMEA |
33,475 | 33,447 | 172,098 | 111,672 | ||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
45,201 | 34,986 | 212,789 | 65,108 | ||||||||||||
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|||||||||
$ | 131,525 | $ | 143,941 | $ | 561,462 | $ | 549,335 | |||||||||
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|
(1) | Includes the purchase price for the ALOG Acquisition, net of cash acquired, which totaled $41,954,000. |
(2) | Includes the purchase price for the Switch and Data Acquisition, net of cash acquired, which totaled $113,289,000. |
The Companys long-lived assets are located in the following geographic areas as of (in thousands):
September 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Americas |
$ | 1,834,565 | $ | 1,764,630 | ||||
EMEA |
746,217 | 596,609 | ||||||
Asia-Pacific |
541,312 | 289,714 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 3,122,094 | $ | 2,650,953 | |||||
|
|
|
|
29
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
Revenue information on a services basis is as follows (in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Colocation |
$ | 312,900 | $ | 257,295 | $ | 895,221 | $ | 690,974 | ||||||||
Interconnection |
59,256 | 48,837 | 170,516 | 119,011 | ||||||||||||
Managed infrastructure |
24,383 | 7,805 | 49,951 | 22,400 | ||||||||||||
Rental |
812 | 790 | 2,100 | 1,695 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Recurring revenues |
397,351 | 314,727 | 1,117,788 | 834,080 | ||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
20,250 | 15,620 | 57,742 | 41,010 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 417,601 | $ | 330,347 | $ | 1,175,530 | $ | 875,090 | |||||||||
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
No single customer accounted for 10% or greater of the Companys revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. No single customer accounted for 10% or greater of the Companys gross accounts receivable as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
13. Restructuring Charges
Switch and Data Restructuring Charge
During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Company recorded restructuring charges related to one-time termination benefits, primarily comprised of severance, attributed to certain Switch and Data employees as presented below (in thousands):
Accrued restructuring charge as of December 31, 2010 (1) |
$ | 1,035 | ||
Severance-related expenses (2) |
392 | |||
Cash payments |
(1,066 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Accrued restructuring charge as of September 30, 2011(1) |
$ | 361 | ||
|
|
(1) | Included within other current liabilities. |
(2) | Included in the consolidated statements of operations as a restructuring charge. |
2004 Restructuring Charge
A summary of the activity in the 2004 accrued restructuring charge associated with estimated lease exit costs from December 31, 2010 to September 30, 2011 is outlined as follows (in thousands):
Accrued restructuring charge as of December 31, 2010 |
$ | 6,006 | ||
Accretion expense |
275 | |||
Restructuring charge adjustment (1) |
1,794 | |||
Cash payments |
(1,207 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Accrued restructuring charge as of September 30, 2011 |
6,868 | |||
|
|
|||
Less current portion |
(2,390 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
$ | 4,478 | |||
|
|
(1) | Recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2011 as a result of revised sublease assumptions on the Companys excess space in the New York metro area. |
30
EQUINIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
As the Company currently has no plans to enter into a lease termination with the landlord associated with the excess space lease in the New York metro area, the Company has reflected its accrued restructuring liability as both a current and non-current liability. The Company reports accrued restructuring charges within other current liabilities and other liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The Company is contractually committed to this excess space lease through 2015.
14. Subsequent Events
In October 2011, the Company entered into a lease for land and a building that the Company and the landlord will jointly develop to meet the Companys needs and which the Company will ultimately convert into an IBX data center in the Seattle, Washington metro area (the Seattle 3 Lease). The Seattle 3 Lease has a fixed term of 15 years, with options to renew, and a total cumulative rent obligation of approximately $110,000,000, exclusive of renewal periods. Rental payments on the Seattle 3 Lease will commence when several conditions primarily related to the completion of the construction on the building have been met by the landlord, which is estimated to be in 2013. The landlord began modifying the building structure to the Companys specifications in October 2011.
31
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, the words believes, anticipates, plans, expects, intends and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results and the timing of certain events may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Liquidity and Capital Resources below and Risk Factors in Item 1A of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the date of this Report and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.
Our managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to assist readers in understanding our financial information from our managements perspective and is presented as follows:
| Overview |
| Results of Operations |
| Non-GAAP Financial Measures |
| Liquidity and Capital Resources |
| Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements |
| Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates |
| Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
On April 25, 2011, as more fully described in Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Zion RJ Participações S.A., referred to as Zion, a Brazilian joint-stock company controlled by our wholly-owned subsidiary and co-owned by RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, a subsidiary of Riverwood Capital L.P., referred to as Riverwood, completed the acquisition of approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. and its subsidiaries, referred to as ALOG, which resulted in Equinix acquiring an indirect, controlling interest in ALOG of approximately 53%. This transaction is referred to as the ALOG acquisition.
In July 2011, we issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% senior notes due July 15, 2021, which is referred to as the 7.00% senior notes offering. We intend to use the net proceeds from the 7.00% senior notes offering for general corporate purposes, including the funding of our expansion activities, and the repayment of our 2.50% convertible subordinated notes due April 15, 2012.
Overview
Equinix provides global data center services that protect and connect the worlds most valued information assets. Global enterprises, financial services companies, and content and network service providers rely upon Equinixs leading insight and data centers in 38 markets around the world for the safeguarding of their critical IT equipment and the ability to directly connect to the networks that enable todays information-driven economy. Equinix offers the following data center services: premium data center colocation, interconnection and exchange services, and outsourced IT infrastructure services. As of September 30, 2011, we operated or had partner IBX data centers in the Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Miami, Nashville, New York, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Rio De Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Seattle, Silicon Valley, St. Louis, Tampa, Toronto, Washington, D.C. metro areas in the Americas region; France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom in the Europe, Middle East, Africa (EMEA) region; and Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, China and Singapore in the Asia-Pacific region.
32
We leverage our global data centers in 38 markets around the world as a global service delivery platform which serves more than 90% of the worlds Internet routes and allows our customers to increase information and application delivery performance while significantly reducing costs. Based on our global delivery platform and the quality of our IBX data centers, we believe we have established a critical mass of customers. As more customers locate in our IBX data centers, it benefits their suppliers and business partners to colocate as well in order to gain the full economic and performance benefits of our services. These partners, in turn, pull in their business partners, creating a marketplace for their services. Our global delivery platform enables scalable, reliable and cost-effective colocation, interconnection and traffic exchange thus lowering overall cost and increasing flexibility. Our focused business model is based on our critical mass of customers and the resulting marketplace effect. This global delivery platform, combined with our strong financial position, continues to drive new customer growth and bookings as we drive scale into our global business.
Historically, our market has been served by large telecommunications carriers who have bundled their telecommunications products and services with their colocation offerings. The data center services market landscape has evolved to include cloud computing/utility providers, application hosting providers and systems integrators, managed infrastructure hosting providers and colocation providers with over 350 companies providing data center services in the United States alone. Each of these data center services providers can bundle various colocation, interconnection and network services, and outsourced IT infrastructure services. We are able to offer our customers a global platform that supports global reach to 12 countries, proven operational reliability, improved application performance and network choice, and a highly scalable set of services.
Excluding the ALOG acquisition, our customer count increased to 4,633 as of September 30, 2011 versus 4,151 as of September 30, 2010, an increase of 12%. This increase was due to organic growth in our business. Our utilization rate represents the percentage of our cabinet space billing versus net sellable cabinet space available taking into account power limitations. Excluding the impact of the ALOG acquisition, our utilization rate increased to 81% as of September 30, 2011 versus approximately 73% as of September 30, 2010; however, excluding the impact of our IBX data center expansion projects that have been open for less than four full quarters, our utilization rate would have increased to approximately 86% as of September 30, 2011. Our utilization rate varies from market to market among our IBX data centers across the Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. We continue to monitor the available capacity in each of our selected markets. To the extent we have limited capacity available in a given market it may limit our ability for growth in that market. We perform demand studies on an ongoing basis to determine if future expansion is warranted in a market. In addition, power and cooling requirements for most customers are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. Although we generally do not control the amount of power our customers draw from installed circuits, we have negotiated power consumption limitations with certain of our high power demand customers. This increased power consumption has driven the requirement to build out our new IBX data centers to support power and cooling needs twice that of previous IBX data centers. We could face power limitations in our centers even though we may have additional physical cabinet capacity available within a specific IBX data center. This could have a negative impact on the available utilization capacity of a given center, which could have a negative impact on our ability to grow revenues, affecting our financial performance, operating results and cash flows.
Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings. As was the case with our recent expansions and acquisitions, our expansion criteria will be dependent on a number of factors such as demand from new and existing customers, quality of the design, power capacity, access to networks, capacity availability in the current market location, amount of incremental investment required by us in the targeted property, lead-time to break-even and in-place customers. Like our recent expansions and acquisitions, the right combination of these factors may be attractive to us. Depending on the circumstances, these transactions may require additional capital expenditures funded by upfront cash payments or through long-term financing arrangements, in order to bring these properties up to Equinix standards. Property expansion may be in the form of purchases of real property, long-term leasing arrangements or acquisitions. Future purchases, construction or acquisitions may be completed by us or with partners or potential customers to minimize the outlay of cash, which can be significant.
33
Our business is based on a recurring revenue model comprised of colocation, interconnection and managed infrastructure services. We consider these services recurring as our customers are generally billed on a fixed and recurring basis each month for the duration of their contract, which is generally one to three years in length. Our recurring revenues have comprised more than 90% of our total revenues during the past three years. In addition, during the past three years, in any given quarter, greater than half of our monthly recurring revenue bookings came from existing customers, contributing to our revenue growth.
Our non-recurring revenues are primarily comprised of installation services related to a customers initial deployment and professional services that we perform. These services are considered to be non-recurring as they are billed typically once and upon completion of the installation or professional services work performed. The majority of these non-recurring revenues are typically billed on the first invoice distributed to the customer in connection with their initial installation. However, revenues from installation services are deferred and recognized ratably over the longer of the term of the related contract or expected life of the services. Additionally, revenue from contract settlements, when a customer wishes to terminate their contract early, is generally recognized on a cash basis, when no remaining performance obligations exist, to the extent that the revenue has not previously been recognized. As a percentage of total revenues, we expect non-recurring revenues to represent less than 10% of total revenues for the foreseeable future.
Our Americas revenues are derived primarily from colocation and interconnection services while our EMEA and Asia-Pacific revenues are derived primarily from colocation and managed infrastructure services.
The largest components of our cost of revenues are depreciation, rental payments related to our leased IBX data centers, utility costs, including electricity and bandwidth, IBX data center employees salaries and benefits, including stock-based compensation, repairs and maintenance, supplies and equipment and security services. A substantial majority of our cost of revenues is fixed in nature and should not vary significantly from period to period, unless we expand our existing IBX data centers or open or acquire new IBX data centers. However, there are certain costs which are considered more variable in nature, including utilities and supplies, that are directly related to growth in our existing and new customer base. We expect the cost of our utilities, specifically electricity, will increase in the future on a per-unit or fixed basis in addition to the variable increase related to the growth in consumption by the customer. In addition, the cost of electricity is generally higher in the summer months as compared to other times of the year. To the extent we incur increased utility costs, such increased costs could materially impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, to the extent we incur increased electricity costs as a result of either climate change policies or the physical effects of climate change, such increased costs could materially impact our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, including stock-based compensation, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel, as well as bad debt expense and amortization of customer contract intangible assets.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, including stock-based compensation, accounting, legal and other professional service fees, and other general corporate expenses such as our corporate regional headquarters office leases and some depreciation expense.
34
Due to our recurring revenue model, and a cost structure which has a large base that is fixed in nature and generally does not grow in proportion to revenue growth, we expect our cost of revenues, sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses to decline as a percentage of revenue over time, although we expect each of them to grow in absolute dollars in connection with our growth. This is evident in the trends noted below in our discussion on our results of operations. However, for cost of revenues, this trend may periodically be impacted when a large expansion project opens or is acquired and before it starts generating any meaningful revenue. Furthermore, in relation to cost of revenues, we note that the Americas region has a lower cost of revenues as a percentage of revenue than either EMEA or Asia-Pacific. This is due to both the increased scale and maturity of the Americas region compared to either EMEA or Asia-Pacific, as well as a higher cost structure outside of Americas, particularly in EMEA. While we expect all three regions to continue to see lower cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues in future periods, we expect the trend of Americas having the lowest cost of revenues as a percentage of revenue and EMEA having the highest to continue. As a result, to the extent that revenue growth outside Americas grows in greater proportion than revenue growth in Americas, our overall cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues may increase in future periods. Sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses may also periodically increase as a percentage of revenue as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth.
Constant Currency Presentation
Our revenues and certain operating expenses (cost of revenues, sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses) from our international operations have represented and will continue to represent a significant portion of our total revenues and certain operating expenses. As a result, our revenues and certain operating expenses have been and will continue to be affected by changes in the U.S. dollar against major international currencies such as the Brazilian reais, British pound, Canadian dollar, Euro, Swiss franc, Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar. In order to provide a framework for assessing how each of our business segments performed excluding the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, we present period-over-period percentage changes in our revenues and certain operating expenses on a constant currency basis in addition to the historical amounts as reported. Presenting constant currency results of operations is a non-GAAP financial measure and is not meant to be considered in isolation or as an alternative to GAAP results of operations. However, we have presented this non-GAAP financial measure to provide investors with an additional tool to evaluate our operating results. To present this information, our current and comparative prior period revenues and certain operating expenses from entities reporting in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at constant exchange rates rather than the actual exchange rates in effect during the respective periods (i.e. average rates in effect for the three months ended September 30, 2010 are used as exchange rates for the three months ended September 30, 2011 when comparing the three months ended September 30, 2011 with the three months ended September 30, 2010 and average rates in effect for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 are used as exchange rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2011 with the nine months ended September 30, 2010).
Results of Operations
Our results of operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2011 include the operations of ALOG from April 25, 2011. Our results of operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 include the operations of Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc., which is referred to as Switch and Data, from May 1, 2010.
35
Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 and 2010
Revenues. Our revenues were generated from the following revenue classifications and geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
$ | 259,265 | 62 | % | $ | 208,096 | 63 | % | 25 | % | 25 | % | ||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
9,589 | 2 | % | 7,229 | 2 | % | 33 | % | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||
268,854 | 64 | % | 215,325 | 65 | % | 25 | % | 25 | % | |||||||||||||||
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EMEA: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
85,108 | 20 | % | 66,279 | 20 | % | 28 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
7,216 | 2 | % | 6,515 | 2 | % | 11 | % | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||
92,324 | 22 | % | 72,794 | 22 | % | 27 | % | 17 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
52,978 | 13 | % | 40,352 | 12 | % | 31 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
3,445 | 1 | % | 1,876 | 1 | % | 84 | % | 69 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
56,423 | 14 | % | 42,228 | 13 | % | 34 | % | 22 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
397,351 | 95 | % | 314,727 | 95 | % | 26 | % | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
20,250 | 5 | % | 15,620 | 5 | % | 30 | % | 24 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
$ | 417,601 | 100 | % | $ | 330,347 | 100 | % | 26 | % | 23 | % | |||||||||||||
|
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|
|
Americas Revenues. The increase in our Americas revenues was primarily due to (i) $17.9 million of incremental revenues from the impact of the ALOG acquisition and (ii) an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers, including $2.8 million of revenue generated from our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions in the Dallas and Silicon Valley metro areas. We expect that our Americas revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in the recently-opened IBX data center expansions and additional IBX data center expansions currently taking place in the Chicago, Dallas, New York, Seattle and Washington, D.C. metro areas, which are expected to open during 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take account of expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
EMEA Revenues. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, our revenues from the U.K., the largest revenue contributor in the EMEA region for the period, represented approximately 35% of the regional revenues. During the three months ended September 30, 2010, our revenues from Germany, the largest revenue contributor in the EMEA region for the period, represented approximately 36% of the regional revenues. Our EMEA revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded approximately $7.7 million of revenue from our recently-opened IBX data center expansions in the Amsterdam, London and Paris metro areas. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the three months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $7.0 million of favorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect that our EMEA revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in the recently-opened IBX data center expansions and additional IBX data center expansions currently taking place in the Amsterdam, Frankfurt and Paris metro areas, which are expected to open during the remainder of 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take into account expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
36
Asia-Pacific Revenues. Our revenues from Singapore, the largest revenue contributor in the Asia-Pacific region, represented approximately 39% and 38%, respectively, of the regional revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. Our Asia-Pacific revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded approximately $4.2 million of revenue generated from our IBX data center expansions in the Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo metro areas. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the three months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $5.1 million of favorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect that our Asia-Pacific revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in these recently-opened IBX data center expansions and the additional IBX data center expansion currently taking place in the Hong Kong metro area which is expected to open during the remainder of 2011. Our estimates of future revenue growth take into account expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
Cost of Revenues. Our cost of revenues was split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 138,121 | 61 | % | $ | 118,572 | 64 | % | 16 | % | 16 | % | ||||||||||||
EMEA |
54,839 | 24 | % | 43,722 | 24 | % | 25 | % | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
35,193 | 15 | % | 23,182 | 12 | % | 52 | % | 38 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 228,153 | 100 | % | $ | 185,476 | 100 | % | 23 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
51 | % | 55 | % | ||||
EMEA |
59 | % | 60 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
62 | % | 55 | % | ||||
Total |
55 | % | 56 | % |
Americas Cost of Revenues. Our Americas cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $49.2 million and $44.1 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to both our organic IBX data center expansion activity and the ALOG acquisition. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in our Americas cost of revenues was primarily due to (i) $9.3 million of incremental cost of revenues resulting from the ALOG acquisition and (ii) incremental costs associated with our organic expansion projects and revenue growth, such as $2.7 million of higher utility costs arising from increased customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth and $1.6 million of higher compensation expense, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (497 Americas cost of revenues employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 481 as of September 30, 2010). We expect Americas cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
37
EMEA Cost of Revenues. EMEA cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $17.5 million and $13.7 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in EMEA cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as (i) an increase of $2.4 million in utility costs arising from increased customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth and (ii) $1.2 million of higher compensation expense, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (273 EMEA cost of revenues employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 230 as of September 30, 2010). During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the three months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $4.6 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA cost of revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect EMEA cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $13.5 million and $7.4 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in Asia-Pacific cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as (i) $2.6 million in higher utility costs and (ii) an increase of $1.2 million of rent and facility costs. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the three months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $3.2 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect Asia-Pacific cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 29,126 | 67 | % | $ | 21,251 | 68 | % | 37 | % | 37 | % | ||||||||||||
EMEA |
9,329 | 22 | % | 6,253 | 20 | % | 49 | % | 39 | % | ||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
4,615 | 11 | % | 3,701 | 12 | % | 25 | % | 14 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 43,070 | 100 | % | $ | 31,205 | 100 | % | 38 | % | 35 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
11 | % | 10 | % | ||||
EMEA |
10 | % | 9 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
8 | % | 9 | % | ||||
Total |
10 | % | 9 | % |
Americas Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Americas sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to (i) $2.8 million of incremental sales and marketing expenses from the ALOG acquisition and (ii) $5.3 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (221 Americas sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 182 as of September 30, 2010). We have been investing in our Americas sales and marketing initiatives to further increase our revenue and we anticipate this increased investment will continue over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, our Americas sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues are expected to continue to increase. In the long-term, we generally expect Americas sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
38
EMEA Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our EMEA sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to an increase of $1.7 million in compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (108 EMEA sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 75 as of September 30, 2010) and higher professional services from various consulting projects to support our growth. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA sales and marketing expenses was not significant on a constant currency basis. We intend to invest further in our EMEA sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our EMEA sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect EMEA sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (70 Asia-Pacific sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 56 as of September 30, 2010). For the three months ended September 30, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was not significant on a constant currency basis. We intend to invest further in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 47,684 | 72 | % | $ | 41,346 | 71 | % | 15 | % | 15 | % | ||||||||||||
EMEA |
11,851 | 18 | % | 11,796 | 20 | % | | (6 | %) | |||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
6,441 | 10 | % | 5,498 | 9 | % | 17 | % | 10 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 65,976 | 100 | % | $ | 58,640 | 100 | % | 13 | % | 11 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
18 | % | 19 | % | ||||
EMEA |
13 | % | 16 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
11 | % | 13 | % | ||||
Total |
16 | % | 18 | % |
Americas General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Americas general and administrative expenses was primarily due to (i) $2.2 million of incremental general and administrative expenses from the ALOG acquisition, (ii) $2.4 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (565 Americas general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 491 as of September 30, 2010), and (iii) $1.4 million of higher depreciation expense as a result of our ongoing efforts to support our growth, such as investments in systems. Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our Americas general and administrative functions to scale this region effectively for growth, which has included taking on additional office space to accommodate our headcount growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Americas general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to further scale our operations to support our growth, including further investment in our back office systems; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
39
EMEA General and Administrative Expenses. Our EMEA general and administrative expenses did not change significantly during the three months ended September 30, 2011 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2010. For the three months ended September 30, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our EMEA general and administrative expenses was not significant on a constant currency basis. Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our EMEA general and administrative functions as a result of our ongoing efforts to scale this region effectively for growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect our EMEA general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (153 Asia-Pacific general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 120 as of September 30, 2010). For the three months ended September 30, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses was not significant on a constant currency basis. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
Restructuring Charges. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $1.6 million primarily related to revised sublease assumptions on our excess leased space in the New York metro area. Our excess space lease in the New York metro area remains abandoned and continues to carry a restructuring charge. During the three months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $1.9 million primarily related to one-time termination benefits attributed to certain Switch and Data employees.
Acquisition Costs. During the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $699,000 primarily related to the ALOG acquisition. During the three months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $1.1 million primarily related to our EMEA region.
Interest Income. Interest income increased to $679,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 from $310,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2010. The increase was primarily due to higher yields and higher invested balances as a result of the proceeds from the 7.00% senior notes offering in July 2011. The average yield for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was 0.25% versus 0.17% for the three months ended September 30, 2010. We generally expect our interest income to remain at these low levels for the foreseeable future due to the impact of a lower interest rate environment, a portfolio more weighted towards short-term U.S. treasuries and from the utilization of cash to finance our expansion activities.
Interest Expense. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $51.1 million and $38.4 million, respectively. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to our $750.0 million 7.00% senior notes offering in July 2011. During the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we capitalized $3.3 million and $2.0 million, respectively, of interest expense to construction in progress. Going forward, we expect to incur higher interest expense as we recognize the full impact of our $750.0 million 7.00% senior notes partially offset by repayment of debt. Going forward, we expect to incur significantly higher interest expense as we recognize the full impact of the 7.00% senior notes offering, which is approximately $53.9 million annually. We may incur additional indebtedness to support our growth, resulting in further interest expense.
40
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Recovery On Investments . During the three months ended September 30, 2011, no other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments was recorded. During the three months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded a $206,000 other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments due to an additional distribution from one of our money market accounts we had previously written down during 2008 and 2009.
Other Income (Expense). For the three months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded $1.7 million of other expense primarily due to foreign currency exchange losses during the period. For the three months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded $1.7 million of other income, primarily due to foreign currency exchange gains during the period.
Income Taxes. For the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $5.3 million and $4.6 million of income tax expenses, respectively. Our effective tax rates were 20.6% and 29.3%, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. The lower effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily due to discrete tax benefits. We will reassess our valuation allowance related to our foreign operations in the future, which may result in discrete quarterly benefits and a reduction of our valuation allowance. The cash taxes for 2011 and 2010 are primarily for state income taxes and foreign income taxes.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and 2010
Revenues. Our revenues were generated from the following revenue classifications and geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
$ | 727,853 | 62 | % | $ | 536,307 | 61 | % | 36 | % | 36 | % | ||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
27,417 | 2 | % | 19,220 | 2 | % | 43 | % | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
755,270 | 64 | % | 555,527 | 63 | % | 36 | % | 36 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
EMEA: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
240,942 | 21 | % | 186,388 | 21 | % | 29 | % | 21 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
22,032 | 2 | % | 16,654 | 2 | % | 32 | % | 24 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
262,974 | 23 | % | 203,042 | 23 | % | 30 | % | 21 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
148,993 | 12 | % | 111,385 | 13 | % | 34 | % | 21 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
8,293 | 1 | % | 5,136 | 1 | % | 61 | % | 50 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
157,286 | 13 | % | 116,521 | 14 | % | 35 | % | 23 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recurring revenues |
1,117,788 | 95 | % | 834,080 | 95 | % | 34 | % | 30 | % | ||||||||||||||
Non-recurring revenues |
57,742 | 5 | % | 41,010 | 5 | % | 41 | % | 36 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
$ | 1,175,530 | 100 | % | $ | 875,090 | 100 | % | 34 | % | 31 | % | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Americas Revenues. The increase in our Americas revenues was primarily due to (i) $121.0 million of incremental revenue from the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition and the ALOG acquisition and (ii) an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers, including $4.9 million of revenue generated from our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data center expansions in the Dallas and Silicon Valley metro areas. We expect that our Americas revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in the recently-opened IBX data center expansions and additional IBX data center expansions currently taking place in the Chicago, Dallas, New York, Seattle and Washington, D.C. metro areas, which are expected to open during 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take account of expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
41
EMEA Revenues. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, our revenues from the U.K., the largest revenue contributor in the EMEA region for the period, represented approximately 34% of the regional revenues. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, our revenues from Germany, the largest revenue contributor in the EMEA region for the period, represented approximately 36% of the regional revenues. Our EMEA revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded approximately $20.2 million of revenue from our recently-opened IBX data center expansions in the Amsterdam, London and Paris metro areas. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $17.3 million of favorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect that our EMEA revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in the recently-opened BX data center expansions and additional IBX data center expansions currently taking place in the Amsterdam, Frankfurt and Paris metro areas, which are expected to open during 2011 and 2012. Our estimates of future revenue growth take into account expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, customer churn or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
Asia-Pacific Revenues. Our revenues from Singapore, the largest revenue contributor in the Asia-Pacific region, represented approximately 40% and 37%, respectively, of the regional revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. Our Asia-Pacific revenue growth was due to an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customers during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate, as discussed above, in both our new and existing IBX data centers. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded approximately $6.5 million of revenue generated from our IBX data center expansions in the Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo metro areas. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $14.5 million of favorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect that our Asia-Pacific revenues will continue to grow in future periods as a result of continued growth in these recently-opened IBX data center expansions and the additional IBX data center expansion currently taking place in the Hong Kong metro area which is expected to open during the remainder of 2011. Our estimates of future revenue growth take into account expected changes in recurring revenues attributed to customer bookings, or changes or amendments to customers contracts.
Cost of Revenues. Our cost of revenues was split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 388,175 | 61 | % | $ | 291,061 | 60 | % | 33 | % | n/a | |||||||||||||
EMEA |
157,983 | 25 | % | 127,232 | 27 | % | 24 | % | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
92,143 | 14 | % | 62,815 | 13 | % | 47 | % | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 638,301 | 100 | % | $ | 481,108 | 100 | % | 33 | % | 29 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42
Nine months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
51 | % | 52 | % | ||||
EMEA |
60 | % | 63 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
59 | % | 54 | % | ||||
Total |
54 | % | 55 | % |
Americas Cost of Revenues. Our Americas cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $142.7 million and $107.5 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to both our organic IBX data center expansion activity and acquisitions. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in Americas cost of revenues included $55.7 million of incremental cost of revenues resulting from the Switch and Data acquisition and the ALOG acquisition. In addition, excluding the impact of the Switch and Data acquisition and the ALOG acquisition, we incurred incremental costs associated with our organic expansion projects and revenue growth, such as $4.1 million of higher utility costs arising from increased customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth. We expect Americas cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
EMEA Cost of Revenues. EMEA cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $49.1 million and $38.8 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in EMEA cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as (i) an increase of $6.9 million in utility costs arising from increased customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth, (ii) $4.3 million of higher compensation expense, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (273 EMEA cost of revenues employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 230 as of September 30, 2010) and (iii) a general increase of $4.9 million among numerous cost categories, such as professional fees for various consulting projects, repair and maintenance costs and rent and facility costs incurred to support our revenue growth. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $11.1 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA cost of revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect EMEA cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 included $32.1 million and $20.1 million, respectively, of depreciation expense. Growth in depreciation expense was primarily due to our IBX center expansion activity. Excluding depreciation expense, the increase in Asia-Pacific cost of revenues was primarily the result of costs associated with our expansion projects and overall growth in costs to support our revenue growth, such as (i) $6.6 million in higher utility costs, (ii) an increase of $5.2 million of rent and facility costs, (iii) $2.0 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (148 Asia-Pacific cost of revenues employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 99 as of September 30, 2010) and (iv) $1.2 million of higher professional services related to various consulting projects to support our growth. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $8.4 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We expect Asia-Pacific cost of revenues to increase as we continue to grow our business.
43
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 74,620 | 66 | % | $ | 52,709 | 66 | % | 42 | % | n/a | |||||||||||||
EMEA |
26,466 | 23 | % | 17,159 | 22 | % | 54 | % | 44 | % | ||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
12,683 | 11 | % | 9,718 | 12 | % | 31 | % | 21 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 113,769 | 100 | % | $ | 79,586 | 100 | % | 43 | % | 40 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
10 | % | 9 | % | ||||
EMEA |
10 | % | 8 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
8 | % | 8 | % | ||||
Total |
10 | % | 9 | % |
Americas Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Americas sales and marketing expenses included (i) $4.2 million of incremental sales and marketing expenses resulting from the ALOG acquisition, (ii) $11.6 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (221 Americas sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 182 as of September 30, 2010), (iii) $2.2 million of higher bad debt expense, which is partially due to the revenue growth as discussed above and partially due to the growth in the Americas collection team that has initiated additional collection efforts and procedures, and (iv) $1.5 million of higher recruiting costs. We have been investing in our Americas sales and marketing initiatives to further increase our revenue and we anticipate this increased investment will continue over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, our Americas sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues have increased and are expected to continue to increase. In the long-term, we generally expect Americas sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
EMEA Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our EMEA sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to (i) $6.1 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation expense and headcount growth (108 EMEA sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 75 as of September 30, 2010) and $1.3 million of higher professional fees to support our growth. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $1.7 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA sales and marketing expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. We intend to invest further in our EMEA sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our EMEA sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect EMEA sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was primarily due to $1.9 million of higher compensation costs, including sales compensation, general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (70 Asia-Pacific sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 56 as of September 30, 2010). For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations to our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses was not significant on a constant currency basis. We intend to invest further in our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing initiatives over the next several years, including anticipated headcount growth and new product innovation efforts and, as a result, we expect our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues to increase accordingly. In the long-term, we generally expect Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses to increase as we continue to grow our business; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease in the long-term.
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General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses were split among the following geographic regions (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, | % Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 | % | 2010 | % | Actual | Constant currency |
|||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 139,640 | 72 | % | $ | 110,271 | 71 | % | 27 | % | n/a | |||||||||||||
EMEA |
36,557 | 19 | % | 31,635 | 20 | % | 16 | % | 8 | % | ||||||||||||||
Asia-Pacific |
18,061 | 9 | % | 14,055 | 9 | % | 29 | % | 19 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 194,258 | 100 | % | $ | 155,961 | 100 | % | 25 | % | 22 | % | ||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
Nine months
ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues: |
||||||||
Americas |
18 | % | 20 | % | ||||
EMEA |
14 | % | 16 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific |
11 | % | 12 | % | ||||
Total |
17 | % | 18 | % |
Americas General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Americas general and administrative expenses included (i) $3.8 million of incremental general and administrative expenses resulting from the ALOG acquisition, (ii) $15.6 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses, stock-based compensation and headcount growth (565 Americas general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 491 as of September 30, 2010), and (iii) $6.0 million of higher depreciation expense as a result of our ongoing efforts to support our growth, such as investments in systems. Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our Americas general and administrative functions to scale this region effectively for growth, which has included taking on additional office space to accommodate our headcount growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Americas general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to further scale our operations to support our growth, including further investment in our back office systems; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
EMEA General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our EMEA general and administrative expenses was primarily due to (i) $2.9 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (171 EMEA general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 154 as of September 30, 2010) and (ii) $1.7 million of higher professional fees related to various consulting projects to support our growth. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the British pound, Euro and Swiss Franc than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $2.3 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our EMEA general and administrative expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. Over the course of the past year, we have been investing in our EMEA general and administrative functions as a result of our ongoing efforts to scale this region effectively for growth. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect our EMEA general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
45
Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. The increase in our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses was primarily due to $2.7 million of higher compensation costs, including general salaries, bonuses and headcount growth (153 Asia-Pacific general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2011 versus 120 as of September 30, 2010). During the nine months ended September 30, 20141, the U.S. dollar was generally weaker relative to the Australian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Japanese yen and Singapore dollar than during the nine months ended September 30, 2010, resulting in approximately $1.4 million of unfavorable foreign currency impact to our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 on a constant currency basis. Going forward, although we are carefully monitoring our spending given the current economic environment, we expect Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth; however, as a percentage of revenues, we generally expect them to decrease.
Restructuring Charges. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $2.2 million primarily related to revised sublease assumptions on our excess leased space in the New York metro area. Our excess space lease in the New York metro area remains abandoned and continues to carry a restructuring charge. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $6.2 million primarily related to one-time termination benefits attributed to certain Switch and Data employees.
Acquisition Costs. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $2.7 million primarily related to the ALOG acquisition. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded acquisition costs totaling $12.0 million primarily related to the Switch and Data acquisition. Our acquisition costs primarily relate to our Americas geographic region.
Interest Income. Interest income increased to $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 from $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. Interest income increased primarily due to higher yields. The average yield for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was 0.35% versus 0.19% for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. We generally expect our interest income to remain at these low levels for the foreseeable future due to the impact of a lower interest rate environment, a portfolio more weighted towards short-term U.S. treasuries, and from the utilization of cash to finance our expansion activities.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased to $126.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 from $101.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. This increase in interest expense was primarily due to the impact of our $750.0 million 7.00% senior notes offering, additional financings such as capital lease and other financing obligations to support our expansion projects and additional advances from our new Asia-Pacific financing. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we capitalized $9.3 million and $8.7 million, respectively, of interest expense to construction in progress. Going forward, we expect to incur significantly higher interest expense as we recognize the full impact of the 7.00% senior notes offering. Going forward, we expect to incur significantly higher interest expense as we recognize the full impact of the 7.00% senior notes offering, which is approximately $53.9 million annually. We may incur additional indebtedness to support our growth, resulting in further interest expense.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Recovery On Investments. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, no other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments was recorded. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded a $3.6 million other-than-temporary impairment recovery on investments due to an additional distribution from one of our money market accounts we had previously written down during 2008 and 2009.
Loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net. During the nine months ended September 30, 2011, no loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net was recorded. During the nine months ended September 30, 2010, we recorded a $4.8 million loss on debt extinguishment and interest rate swaps, net, which is comprised of (i) a net gain of $2.7 million representing principal discount/premium and the write-off of related debt issuance costs and (ii) a loss of $7.5 million primarily from the termination of an interest rate swap associated with the Chicago IBX financing as a result of repaying and terminating the Chicago IBX financing in March 2010 and the write-off of interest rate swaps associated with the European financing due to such interest rate swaps no longer being effective hedges as a result of repaying and terminating the European financing in April 2010.
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Other Income (Expense). For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $1.4 million and $193,000, respectively, of other income, primarily due to foreign currency exchange gains during the period.
Income Taxes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, we recorded $24.6 million and $15.8 million of income tax expenses, respectively. Our effective tax rates were 24.3% and 40.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The lower effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was primarily due to increased foreign losses benefited in 2011 and discrete tax benefits. We will continue to reassess our valuation allowance related to our foreign operations in the future, which may result in a further reduction of our valuation allowance. The cash taxes for 2011 and 2010 are primarily for state income taxes and foreign income taxes.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We provide all information required in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), but we believe that evaluating our ongoing operating results may be difficult if limited to reviewing only GAAP financial measures. Accordingly, we use non-GAAP financial measures, primarily adjusted EBITDA, to evaluate our operations. We also use adjusted EBITDA as a metric in the determination of employees annual bonuses and vesting of restricted stock units that have both a service and performance condition. In presenting adjusted EBITDA, we exclude certain items that we believe are not good indicators of our current or future operating performance. These items are depreciation, amortization, accretion of asset retirement obligations and accrued restructuring charges, stock-based compensation, restructuring charges and acquisition costs. Legislative and regulatory requirements encourage the use of and emphasis on GAAP financial metrics and require companies to explain why non-GAAP financial metrics are relevant to management and investors. We exclude these items in order for our lenders, investors, and industry analysts, who review and report on us, to better evaluate our operating performance and cash spending levels relative to our industry sector and competitors.
For example, we exclude depreciation expense as these charges primarily relate to the initial construction costs of our IBX data centers and do not reflect our current or future cash spending levels to support our business. Our IBX data centers are long-lived assets, and have an economic life greater than 10 years. The construction costs of our IBX data centers do not recur and future capital expenditures remain minor relative to our initial investment. This is a trend we expect to continue. In addition, depreciation is also based on the estimated useful lives of our IBX data centers. These estimates could vary from actual performance of the asset, are based on historical costs incurred to build out our IBX data centers, and are not indicative of current or expected future capital expenditures. Therefore, we exclude depreciation from our operating results when evaluating our operations.
In addition, in presenting the non-GAAP financial measures, we exclude amortization expense related to certain intangible assets, as it represents a cost that may not recur and is not a good indicator of our current or future operating performance. We exclude accretion expense, both as it relates to asset retirement obligations as well as accrued restructuring charge liabilities, as these expenses represent costs which we believe are not meaningful in evaluating our current operations. We exclude stock-based compensation expense as it primarily represents expense attributed to equity awards that have no current or future cash obligations. As such, we, and many investors and analysts, exclude this stock-based compensation expense when assessing the cash generating performance of our operations. We also exclude restructuring charges from our non-GAAP financial measures. The restructuring charges relate to our decisions to exit leases for excess space adjacent to several of our IBX data centers, which we did not intend to build out or our decision to reverse such restructuring charges, or severance charges related to the Switch and Data acquisition. Finally, we also exclude acquisition costs from our non-GAAP financial measures. The acquisition costs relate to costs we incur in connection with business combinations. Management believes such items as restructuring charges and acquisition costs are non-core transactions; however, these types of costs will or may occur in future periods.
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Our management does not itself, nor does it suggest that investors should, consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. However, we have presented such non-GAAP financial measures to provide investors with an additional tool to evaluate our operating results in a manner that focuses on what management believes to be our core, ongoing business operations. We believe that the inclusion of this non-GAAP financial measure provides consistency and comparability with past reports and provides a better understanding of the overall performance of the business and its ability to perform in subsequent periods. We believe that if we did not provide such non-GAAP financial information, investors would not have all the necessary data to analyze Equinix effectively.
Investors should note, however, that the non-GAAP financial measures used by us may not be the same non-GAAP financial measures, and may not be calculated in the same manner, as that of other companies. In addition, whenever we use non-GAAP financial measures, we provide a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the most closely applicable GAAP financial measure. Investors are encouraged to review the related GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
We define adjusted EBITDA as income or loss from operations plus depreciation, amortization, accretion, stock-based compensation expense, restructuring charges and acquisition costs as presented below (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Income from operations |
$ | 78,116 | $ | 52,026 | $ | 224,287 | $ | 140,235 | ||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense |
92,019 | 74,485 | 257,970 | 187,433 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
19,207 | 16,950 | 53,060 | 50,020 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
1,587 | 1,886 | 2,186 | 6,243 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions costs |
699 | 1,114 | 2,729 | 11,957 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 191,628 | $ | 146,461 | $ | 540,232 | $ | 395,888 | ||||||||
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The geographic split of our adjusted EBITDA is presented below (dollars in thousands):
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||
Americas: |
||||||||||||||||
Income from operations |
$ | 51,659 | $ | 31,921 | $ | 148,050 | $ | 84,051 | ||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense |
58,414 | 51,108 | 169,142 | 122,363 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
15,176 | 12,683 | 41,545 | 37,346 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
1,587 | 1,886 | 2,186 | 6,243 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions costs |
677 | 349 | 2,599 | 11,192 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 127,513 | $ | 97,947 | $ | 363,522 | $ | 261,195 | ||||||||
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EMEA: |
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Income from operations |
$ | 16,305 | $ | 10,258 | $ | 41,954 | $ | 26,251 | ||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense |
19,354 | 15,531 | 54,710 | 43,752 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
2,308 | 2,502 | 6,750 | 7,183 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions costs |
| 765 | 14 | 765 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 37,967 | $ | 29,056 | $ | 103,428 | $ | 77,951 | ||||||||
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Asia-Pacific: |
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Income from operations |
$ | 10,152 | $ | 9,847 | $ | 34,283 | $ | 29,933 | ||||||||
Depreciation, amortization and accretion expense |
14,251 | 7,846 | 34,118 | 21,318 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
1,723 | 1,765 | 4,765 | 5,491 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions costs |
22 | | 116 | | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 26,148 | $ | 19,458 | $ | 73,282 | $ | 56,742 | ||||||||
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Our adjusted EBITDA results have improved each year and in each region due to the improved operating results discussed earlier in Results of Operations, as well as the nature of our business model consisting of a recurring revenue stream and a cost structure which has a large base that is fixed in nature that is also discussed earlier in Overview. We believe that our adjusted EBITDA results will continue to improve in future periods as we continue to grow our business.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2011, our total indebtedness was comprised of (i) convertible debt principal totaling $1.0 billion from our 2.50% convertible subordinated notes (gross of discount), our 3.00% convertible subordinated notes, and our 4.75% convertible subordinated notes (gross of discount) and (ii) non-convertible debt and financing obligations totaling $2.1 billion consisting of (a) $1.5 billion of principal from our 8.125% and 7.00% senior notes, (b) $236.7 million of principal from our loans payable and (c) $388.2 million from our capital lease and other financing obligations.
We believe we have sufficient cash, coupled with anticipated cash generated from operating activities, to meet our operating requirements, including repayment of the current portion of our debt due, and to complete our publicly-announced expansion projects. As of September 30, 2011, we had $1.2 billion of cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments. Besides our investment portfolio and any further financing activities we may pursue, customer collections are our primary source of cash. While we believe we have a strong customer base and have continued to experience relatively strong collections, if the current market conditions were to deteriorate, some of our customers may have difficulty paying us and we may experience increased churn in our customer base, including reductions in their commitments to us, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity.
49
As of September 30, 2011, we had a total of approximately $135.7 million of additional liquidity available to us, consisting of (i) approximately $131.0 million under the $150.0 million senior revolving credit facility and (ii) approximately $4.7 million under the new Asia-Pacific financing. While we believe we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to meet our current operating requirements and to complete our publicly-announced IBX expansion plans, we may pursue additional expansion opportunities, primarily the build-out of new IBX data centers, in certain of our existing markets which are at or near capacity within the next year, as well as potential acquisitions. While we will be able to fund these expansion plans with our existing resources, additional financing, either debt or equity, may be required to pursue certain new or unannounced additional expansion plans. However, if current market conditions were to deteriorate, we may be unable to secure additional financing or any such additional financing may only be available to us on unfavorable terms. An inability to pursue additional expansion opportunities will have a material adverse effect on our ability to maintain our desired level of revenue growth in future periods.
Sources and Uses of Cash
Nine Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 399,988 | $ | 269,981 | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(1,304,809 | ) | (618,507 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
832,111 | 395,675 |
Operating Activities. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to improved operating results and improved collections of accounts receivable and growth in customer installations, which increases deferred installation revenue. Although customer collections improved in the nine months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to September 30, 2010, customer collections can vary widely from quarter to quarter. It is not uncommon for some large customer receivables that were anticipated to be collected in one quarter to slip to the next quarter. For example, some large customer receivables that were anticipated to be collected in September 2011 were instead collected in October 2011, which negatively impacted cash flows from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. However, overall, customer collections remain relatively strong. We expect that we will continue to generate cash from our operating activities during the remainder of 2011 and beyond.
Investing Activities. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to higher purchases of investments from the proceeds of our 7.00% senior notes offering and an increase in restricted cash. For the foreseeable future, we expect that our IBX expansion construction activity will increase somewhat compared to our current spending levels. However, if the opportunity to expand is greater than planned and we have sufficient funding to increase the expansion opportunities available to us.
Financing Activities. Lower net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was primarily due to repayment of our debt facilities, including the Chicago IBX financing, the European financing, the Asia-Pacific financing, the Singapore financing and the Netherlands financing; however, the Asia-Pacific financing and the Singapore financing were replaced by the new Asia-Pacific financing. We expect that our financing activities will consist primarily of the repayment of our debt for the fourth quarter.
Debt Obligations
7.00% Senior Notes. In July 2011, we issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% senior notes due July 15, 2021, which are referred to as the 7.00% senior notes. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing on January 15, 2012.
50
The 7.00% senior notes are unsecured and rank equal in right of payment to our existing or future senior debt and senior in right of payment to our existing and future subordinated debt. The 7.00% senior notes are effectively junior to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness and any indebtedness of our subsidiaries. The 7.00% senior notes are also structurally subordinated to all debt and other liabilities (including trade payables) of our subsidiaries and will continue to be subordinated to the extent that these subsidiaries do not guarantee the 7.00% senior notes in the future.
The 7.00% Senior Notes are governed by an indenture which contains covenants that limit the Companys ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to, among other things:
| incur additional debt; |
| pay dividends or make other restricted payments; |
| purchase, redeem or retire capital stock or subordinated debt; |
| make asset sales; |
| enter into transactions with affiliates; |
| incur liens; |
| enter into sale-leaseback transactions; |
| provide subsidiary guarantees; |
| make investments; and |
| merge or consolidate with any other person. |
At any time prior to July 15, 2014, we may on any one or more occasions redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes outstanding at a redemption price equal to 107.000% of the principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date, with the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings, provided that (i) at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes issued remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such redemption and (ii) the redemption must occur within 90 days of the date of the closing of such equity offerings. On or after July 15, 2016, we may redeem all or a part of the 7.00% senior notes, on any one or more occasions, at the redemption prices set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, up to, but not including, the applicable redemption date, if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on July 15 of the years indicated below:
Redemption price of the Senior Notes | ||
2016 |
103.500% | |
2017 |
102.333% | |
2018 |
101.167% | |
2019 and thereafter |
100.000% |
In addition, at any time prior to July 15, 2016, we may also redeem all or a part of the 7.00% senior notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes redeemed plus applicable premium, which is referred to as the applicable premium, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of redemption, which is referred to as the redemption date. The applicable premium means the greater of:
| 1.0% of the principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes to be redeemed; and |
| the excess of: (a) the present value at such redemption date of (i) the redemption price of the 7.00% senior notes to be redeemed at July 15, 2016 as shown in the above table, plus (ii) all required interest payments due on these 7.00% senior notes through July 15, 2016 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including the redemption date), computed using a discount rate equal to the yield to maturity as of the redemption date of the United States Treasury securities with a constant maturity most nearly equal to the period from the redemption date to July 15, 2016, plus 0.50%; over (b) the principal amount of the 7.00% senior notes to be redeemed. |
Upon a change in control, we will be required to make an offer to purchase each holders 7.00% senior notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of purchase.
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Debt issuance costs related to the 7.00% senior notes, net of amortization, were $13.9 million as of September 30, 2011.
Senior Revolving Credit Line. In September 2011, we entered into a $150.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders, which is referred to as the lenders. This transaction is referred to as the senior revolving credit line. The senior revolving credit line replaced our $25.0 million credit facility with Bank of America, which is referred to as the $25.0 million Bank of America revolving credit line. As a result, the outstanding letters of credit issued under the $25.0 million Bank of America revolving credit line were all transferred to the senior revolving credit line. We may use the senior revolving credit line for working capital, capital expenditures, issuance of letters of credit, general corporate purposes and to refinance a portion of our existing debt obligations. The senior revolving credit line has a five-year term and allows us to borrow, repay and re-borrow over the term. The senior revolving credit line provides a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit of up to $100.0 million and a sublimit for swing line borrowings of up to $25.0 million. Borrowings under the senior revolving credit line carry an interest rate of US$ LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75% per annum, which varies as a function of our senior leverage ratio. We are also subject to a quarterly non-utilization fee ranging from 0.30% to 0.40% per annum, pricing of which will also vary as a function of our senior leverage ratio. Additionally, we may increase the size of the senior revolving credit line at our election by up to $100.0 million, subject to approval by the lenders and based on current market conditions. The senior revolving credit line contains several financial covenants, which we must comply with quarterly, including a leverage ratio, fixed charge coverage ratio and a minimum net worth covenant. As of September 30, 2011, our cost of borrowing under the senior revolving credit line was 1.99% per annum. As of September 30, 2011, we had 14 irrevocable letters of credit totaling approximately $19.0 million issued and outstanding under the senior revolving credit line. As a result, the amount available to borrow was $131.0 million as of September 30, 2011.
Paris 4 IBX Financing. In March 2011, we entered into two agreements with two unrelated parties to purchase and develop a building that will ultimately become our fourth IBX data center in the Paris metro area. The first agreement allowed us the right to purchase the property for a total fee of approximately $20.2 million, payable to a company that held exclusive rights (including power rights) to the property and was already in the process of developing the property into a data center and will now, instead, become the anchor tenant in the Paris 4 IBX data center once it is open for business. The second agreement was entered into with the developer of the property and allowed us to take immediate title to the building and associated land and also requires the developer to construct the data center to our specifications and deliver the completed data center to us in July 2012 for a total fee of approximately $101.7 million. Both agreements include extended payment terms. We made payments under both agreements totaling approximately $35.7 million in March 2011 and the remaining payments due totaling approximately $86.2 million are payable on various dates through March 2013, which is referred to as the Paris 4 IBX financing. Of the amounts paid or payable under the Paris 4 IBX financing, a total of $15.0 million was allocated to land and building assets, $3.4 million was allocated to a deferred charge, which will be netted against revenue associated with the anchor tenant of the Paris 4 IBX data center over the term of the customer contract, and the remainder totaling $103.5 million was or will be allocated to construction costs inclusive of interest charges. We have imputed an interest rate of 5.90% per annum on the Paris 4 IBX financing as of September 30, 2011, a total of $40.1 million was outstanding under the Paris 4 IBX financing. We will record additional construction costs and increase the Paris 4 IBX financing liability over the course of the construction period. The Paris 4 IBX financing also required us to post approximately $89.7 million of cash into a restricted cash account to ensure liquidity for the developer during the construction period.
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Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
We lease a majority of our IBX centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements expiring through 2035. The following represents our debt maturities, financings, leases and other contractual commitments as of September 30, 2011 (in thousands):
2011 (3 months) |
2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Convertible debt (1) |
$ | | $ | 250,000 | $ | | $ | 395,986 | $ | | $ | 373,750 | $ | 1,019,736 | ||||||||||||||
Senior notes (1) |
| | | | | 1,500,000 | 1,500,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
New Asia-Pacific financing (1) |
| 34,922 | 55,567 | 61,120 | 33,235 | | 184,844 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Paris 4 IBX financing (2) |
| 81,297 | 6,317 | | | | 87,614 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ALOG debt (1) |
1,546 | 4,597 | 2,230 | 3,338 | 22 | 5 | 11,738 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest (3) |
17,731 | 156,643 | 149,885 | 144,024 | 131,505 | 476,390 | 1,076,178 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital lease and other financing obligations (4) |
9,442 | 39,367 | 40,047 | 41,558 | 42,904 | 331,958 | 505,276 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases under accrued restructuring charges (5) |
1,172 | 2,429 | 2,444 | 2,459 | 1,444 | | 9,948 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases (6) |
31,790 | 110,949 | 112,444 | 107,947 | 92,165 | 534,799 | 990,094 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other contractual commitments (7) |
231,595 | 78,413 | 9,400 | 1,205 | | | 320,613 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Asset retirement obligations (8) |
363 | | 1,042 | 1,264 | 5,740 | 46,964 | 55,373 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ALOG acquisition contingent consideration (9) |
| | 19,080 | | | | 19,080 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable non-controlling interests |
| | | 66,372 | | | 66,372 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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$ | 293,639 | $ | 758,617 | $ | 398,466 | $ | 825,273 | $ | 307,015 | $ | 3,263,866 | $ | 5,846,866 | |||||||||||||||
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(1) | Represents principal only. |
(2) | Represents total payments to be made to complete the construction of the Paris 4 IBX center. |
(3) | Represents interest on convertible debt, senior notes and new Asia-Pacific financing based on their approximate interest rates as of September 30, 2011. |
(4) | Represents principal and interest. |
(5) | Excludes any subrental income. |
(6) | Represents minimum operating lease payments, excluding potential lease renewals. |
(7) | Represents off-balance-sheet arrangements. Other contractual commitments are described below. |
(8) | Represents liability, net of future accretion expense. |
(9) | Represents an off-balance sheet arrangement for the ALOG acquisition contingent consideration and includes the portion of the contingent consideration that will be funded by Riverwood. |
In connection with certain of our leases, we entered into 14 irrevocable letters of credit totaling $19.0 million under the senior revolving credit line. These letters of credit were provided in lieu of cash deposits under the senior revolving credit line. If the landlords for these IBX leases decide to draw down on these letters of credit triggered by an event of default under the lease, we will be required to fund these letters of credit either through cash collateral or borrowing under the senior revolving credit line. These contingent commitments are not reflected in the table above.
We had accrued liabilities related to uncertain tax positions totaling approximately $16.4 million as of September 30, 2011. These liabilities, which are reflected on our balance sheet, are not reflected in the table above since it is unclear when these liabilities would be paid.
Primarily as a result of our various IBX expansion projects, as of September 30, 2011, we were contractually committed for $221.3 million of unaccrued capital expenditures, primarily for IBX equipment not yet delivered and labor not yet provided in connection with the work necessary to complete construction and open these IBX data centers prior to making them available to customers for installation. This amount, which is expected to be paid during the remainder of 2011 and 2012, is reflected in the table above as Paris 4 IBX financing and other contractual commitments.
In October 2011, we entered into a lease for land and a building which will become an IBX data center in the Seattle, Washington metro area. This transaction is referred to as the Seattle 3 lease. The Seattle 3 lease has a fixed term of 15 years, with options to renew, and a total cumulative rent obligation of approximately $110.0 million, exclusive of renewal periods. Rental payments on the Seattle 3 lease will commence when several conditions primarily related to the completion of the construction on the building have been met by the landlord, which is estimated to be in 2013.
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We had other non-capital purchase commitments in place as of September 30, 2011, such as commitments to purchase power in select locations and other open purchase orders, which contractually bind us for goods or services to be delivered or provided during the remainder of 2011 and beyond. Such other purchase commitments as of September 30, 2011, which total $99.3 million, are also reflected in the table above as other contractual commitments.
In addition, although we are not contractually obligated to do so, we expect to incur additional capital expenditures of approximately $400.0 million to $450.0 million, in addition to the $221.3 million in contractual commitments discussed above as of September 30, 2011, in our various IBX expansion projects during the remainder of 2011 and thereafter in order to complete the work needed to open these IBX data centers. These non-contractual capital expenditures are not reflected in the table above. If we so choose, whether due to economic factors or other considerations, we could delay these non-contractual capital expenditure commitments to preserve liquidity.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Equinixs financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management's application of accounting policies. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments. Critical accounting policies for Equinix that affect our more significant judgment and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements include accounting for income taxes, accounting for business combinations, accounting for impairment of goodwill and accounting for property, plant and equipment, which are discussed in more detail under the caption Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, set forth in Part II Item 7, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
While there have been no significant changes in our market risk, investment portfolio risk, interest rate risk, foreign currency risk and commodity price risk exposures and procedures during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the respective risk exposures and procedures disclosed in Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, set forth in Part II Item 7A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, the U.S. dollar weakened relative to certain of the currencies of the foreign countries in which we operate during the nine months ended September 30, 2011. This has significantly impacted our consolidated financial position and results of operations during this period including the amount of revenue that we reported. Continued strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar will continue to have a significant impact to us in future periods.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15.
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(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
(c) Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed and operated to be effective at the reasonable assurance level. However, our management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
IPO Litigation
On July 30, 2001 and August 8, 2001, putative shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against us, certain of our officers and directors (the Individual Defendants), and several investment banks that were underwriters of our initial public offering (the Underwriter Defendants). The cases were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Similar lawsuits were filed against approximately 300 other issuers and related parties. These lawsuits have been coordinated before a single judge. The purported class action alleges violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b), Rule 10b-5 and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against us and the Individual Defendants. The plaintiffs have since dismissed the Individual Defendants without prejudice. The suits allege that the Underwriter Defendants agreed to allocate stock in our initial public offering to certain investors in exchange for excessive and undisclosed commissions and agreements by those investors to make additional purchases in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. The plaintiffs allege that the prospectus for our initial public offering was false and misleading and in violation of the securities laws because it did not disclose these arrangements. The action seeks damages in an unspecified amount. On February 19, 2003, the court dismissed the Section 10(b) claim against us, but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim.
The parties in the approximately 300 coordinated cases, including the parties in the Equinix case, reached a settlement. It provides for releases of existing claims and claims that could have been asserted relating to the conduct alleged to be wrongful from the class of investors participating in the settlement. The insurers for the issuer defendants in the coordinated cases will make the settlement payment on behalf of the issuers, including Equinix. On October 6, 2009, the Court granted final approval to the settlement. The settlement approval was appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. One appeal was dismissed and the second appeal was remanded to the district court to determine if the appellant is a class member with standing to appeal. The District Court ruled that the appellant is not a class member with standing to appeal. The appellant has filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit a notice of appeal of the District Court opinion that he is not a class member.
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Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to continue to defend the action vigorously if the settlement does not survive the remaining appeal.
Pihana Litigation
On August 22, 2008, a complaint was filed against Equinix, certain former officers and directors of Pihana Pacific, Inc. (Pihana), certain investors in Pihana, and others. The lawsuit was filed in the First Circuit Court of the State of Hawaii, and arises out of December 2002 agreements pursuant to which Equinix merged Pihana and i-STT (a subsidiary of Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd) into the Internet exchange services business of Equinix. Plaintiffs, who were allegedly holders of Pihana common stock, allege that their rights as shareholders were violated, and the transaction was effectuated improperly, by Pihana's majority shareholders, officers and directors, with the alleged assistance of Equinix and others. Among other things, plaintiffs contend that they effectively had a right to block the transaction, that this supposed right was disregarded, and that they improperly received no consideration when the deal was completed. The complaint seeks to recover unspecified punitive damages, equitable relief, fees and costs, and compensatory damages in an amount that plaintiffs allegedly believe may be all or a substantial portion of the approximately $725.0 million value of Equinix held by Defendants (a group that includes more than 30 individuals and entities). An amended complaint, which added new plaintiffs (other alleged holders of Pihana common stock) but is otherwise substantially similar to the original pleading, was filed on September 29, 2008 (the Amended Complaint). On October 13, 2008, a complaint was filed in a separate action by another purported holder of Pihana common stock, naming the same defendants and asserting substantially similar allegations as the August 22, 2008 and September 29, 2008 pleadings. On December 12, 2008, the court entered a stipulated order, which consolidated the two actions under one case number and set January 22, 2009 as the last day for Defendants to move to dismiss or otherwise respond to the Amended Complaint, the operative complaint in this case. On January 22, 2009, motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint were filed by Equinix and other Defendants. On April 24, 2009, plaintiffs filed a Second Amended Complaint (SAC) to correct the naming of certain parties. The SAC is otherwise substantively identical to the Amended Complaint, and all motions to dismiss the Amended Complaint have been treated as responsive to the SAC. On September 1, 2009, the Court heard Defendants motions to dismiss the SAC and ruled at the hearing that all claims against all Defendants are time-barred. The Court also considered whether there were further independent grounds for dismissing the claims, and supplemental briefing was submitted with respect to claims against one defendant and plaintiffs renewed request for further leave to amend. On March 23, 2010, the Court entered final Orders granting the motions to dismiss as to all Defendants and issued a minute Order denying plaintiffs renewed request for further leave to amend. On May 21, 2010, plaintiffs filed a Notice of Appeal, and plaintiffs appeal is currently pending before the Hawaii Supreme Court. In January 2011, one group of co-defendants (Morgan Stanley and certain persons and entities affiliated with it) entered into a separate settlement with plaintiffs. The trial court determined that the settlement was made in good faith in accordance with Hawaii statutory law, and certain non-settling defendants (including Equinix) filed an appeal from that order before the Intermediate Court of Appeals. That appeal has been stayed pending resolution of plaintiffs appeal before the Hawaii Supreme Court. We believe that plaintiffs claims and alleged damages are without merit and we intend to continue to defend the litigation vigorously.
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
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Alleged Class Action and Shareholder Derivative Actions
On March 4, 2011, an alleged class action entitled Cement Masons & Plasterers Joint Pension Trust v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CV-11-1016-SC, was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, against Equinix and two of our officers. The suit asserts purported claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for allegedly misleading statements regarding our business and financial results. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our common stock between July 29, 2010 and October 5, 2010, and seeks compensatory damages, fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
On March 8, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Rikos v. Equinix, Inc., et al., No. CGC-11-508940, was filed in California Superior Court, County of San Francisco, against Equinix (as a nominal defendant), the members of our board of directors, and two of our officers. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and, allegedly on our behalf, asserts purported state law causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets and unjust enrichment. The suit seeks, among other things, compensatory and treble damages, restitution and other equitable relief, and fees and costs. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
On May 20, 2011, an alleged shareholder derivative action entitled Stopa v. Clontz, et al., No. CV-11-2467-SC was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, purportedly on behalf of Equinix, against the members of our board of directors. The suit is based on allegations similar to those in the federal securities class action and the state court derivative action, and asserts causes of action against the individual defendants for breach of fiduciary duty for allegedly disseminating false and misleading information, breach of fiduciary duty for allegedly failing to maintain internal controls, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement and waste of corporate assets. On June 10, 2011, the court signed an order relating this case to the federal securities class action. Defendants have not yet responded to the claims in this action.
Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of these matters, and are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation would have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
In addition to the other information contained in this report, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our business and us:
Acquisitions present many risks, and we may not realize the financial or strategic goals that were contemplated at the time of any transaction.
Over the last several years, we have completed several acquisitions, including that of Switch and Data Facilities Company, Inc. in 2010. We also acquired, with RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participações, approximately 90% of the outstanding capital stock of ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A. in 2011, which resulted in Equinix acquiring an indirect, controlling interest in ALOG of approximately 53%. We may make additional acquisitions in the future, which may include acquisitions of businesses, products, services or technologies that we believe to be complementary, acquisitions of new IBX data centers or real estate for development of new IBX data centers or through investments in local data center operators. We may pay for future acquisitions by using our existing cash resources (which may limit other potential uses of our cash), incurring additional debt (which may increase our interest expense, leverage and debt service requirements) and/or issuing shares (which may dilute our existing stockholders and have a negative effect on our earnings per share). Acquisitions expose us to potential risks, including:
| the possible disruption of our ongoing business and diversion of managements attention by acquisition, transition and integration activities; |
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| our potential inability to successfully pursue or realize some or all of the anticipated revenue opportunities associated with an acquisition or investment; |
| the possibility that we may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses, or businesses in which we invest, or achieve anticipated operating efficiencies or cost savings; |
| the possibility that announced acquisitions may not be completed, due to failure to satisfy the conditions to closing or for other reasons; |
| the dilution of our existing stockholders as a result of our issuing stock in transactions, such as our acquisition of Switch and Data, where 80% of the consideration payable to Switch and Datas stockholders consisted of shares of our common stock; |
| the possibility of customer dissatisfaction if we are unable to achieve levels of quality and stability on par with past practices; |
| the possibility that our customers may not accept either the existing equipment infrastructure or the look-and-feel of a new or different IBX data center; |
| the possibility that additional capital expenditures may be required or that transaction expenses associated with acquisitions may be higher than anticipated; |
| the possibility that required financing to fund an acquisition may not be available on acceptable terms or at all; |
| the possibility that we may be unable to obtain required approvals from governmental authorities under antitrust and competition laws on a timely basis or at all, which could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing an acquisition, limit our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic benefits of an acquisition or have other adverse effects on our current business and operations; |
| the possible loss or reduction in value of acquired businesses; |
| the possibility that future acquisitions, like that of ALOG, may present new complexities in deal structure, related complex accounting and coordination with new partners; |
| the possibility that carriers may find it cost-prohibitive or impractical to bring fiber and networks into a new IBX data center; |
| the possibility of litigation or other claims in connection with or as a result of an acquisition, including claims from terminated employees, customers, former stockholders or other third parties; and |
| the possibility of pre-existing undisclosed liabilities, including but not limited to lease or landlord related liability, environmental or asbestos liability, for which insurance coverage may be insufficient or unavailable. |
The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
We cannot assure you that the price of any future acquisitions of IBX data centers will be similar to prior IBX data center acquisitions. In fact, we expect costs required to build or render new IBX data centers operational to increase in the future. If our revenue does not keep pace with these potential acquisition and expansion costs, we may not be able to maintain our current or expected margins as we absorb these additional expenses. There is no assurance we would successfully overcome these risks or any other problems encountered with these acquisitions.
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Our substantial debt could adversely affect our cash flows and limit our flexibility to raise additional capital.
We have a significant amount of debt and expect to incur additional debt to support our growth. As of September 30, 2011, our total indebtedness was approximately $3.1 billion, our stockholders equity was $2.0 billion and our cash and investments totaled $1.2 billion. In July 2011, we issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% senior notes due July 15, 2021. We intend to use the net proceeds from the 7.00% senior notes offering for general corporate purposes, including the funding of our expansion activities, and the repayment of our 2.50% convertible subordinated notes due April 15, 2012.
Our substantial amount of debt could have important consequences. For example, it could:
| require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make interest and principal payments on our debt, reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund future capital expenditures, working capital, execution of our expansion strategy and other general corporate requirements; |
| make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our various debt instruments; |
| increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions and adverse changes in governmental regulations; |
| limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with our competitors; |
| limit our ability to borrow additional funds, even when necessary to maintain adequate liquidity, which would also limit our ability to further expand our business; and |
| make us more vulnerable to increases in interest rates because of the variable interest rates on some of our borrowings to the extent we have not entirely hedged such variable rate debt. |
The occurrence of any of the foregoing factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the performance of our stock price may trigger events that would require the write-off of a significant portion of our debt issuance costs related to our convertible debt, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We may also need to refinance a portion of our outstanding debt as it matures. There is a risk that we may not be able to refinance existing debt or that the terms of any refinancing may not be as favorable as the terms of our existing debt. Furthermore, if prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of refinancing result in higher interest rates upon refinancing, then the interest expense relating to that refinanced indebtedness would increase. These risks could materially adversely affect our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
In addition to our substantial debt, we lease a majority of our IBX centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements, the majority of which are accounted for as operating leases. As of September 30, 2011, our total minimum operating lease commitments under those lease agreements, excluding potential lease renewals, was approximately $990.1 million, which represents off-balance sheet commitments.
The uncertain economic environment may continue to have an impact on our business and financial condition.
The uncertain economic environment could have an adverse effect on our liquidity. Customer collections are our primary source of cash. While we believe we have a strong customer base and have continued to experience strong collections, if the current market conditions were to worsen, some of our customers may have difficulty paying us. As a result, we may experience increased churn in our customer base, including reductions in their commitments to us. We may also be required to further increase our allowance for doubtful accounts, which would negatively impact our results. Our sales cycle could also be further lengthened if customers slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, which could adversely affect our revenue growth. In addition, we could experience pricing pressure as a result of economic conditions if our competitors lower prices and attempt to lure away our customers with lower cost solutions.
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The uncertain economic environment could also have an impact on our foreign exchange forward contracts if our counterparties credit deteriorates further or they are otherwise unable to perform their obligations.
Finally, our ability to access the capital markets may be severely restricted at a time when we would like, or need, to do so which could have an impact on our flexibility to pursue additional expansion opportunities and maintain our desired level of revenue growth in the future.
The market price of our stock may continue to be highly volatile, and the value of an investment in our common stock may decline.
Since January 1, 2010, the closing sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market has ranged from $70.34 to $109.56 per share. The market price of the shares of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile. General economic and market conditions, and market conditions for telecommunications stocks in general, may affect the market price of our common stock.
Announcements by us or others may also have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock. These announcements may relate to:
| our operating results or forecasts; |
| new issuances of equity, debt or convertible debt by us; |
| developments in our relationships with corporate customers; |
| announcements by our customers or competitors; |
| changes in regulatory policy or interpretation; |
| governmental investigations; |
| changes in the ratings of our debt or stock by rating agencies or securities analysts; |
| our purchase or development of real estate and/or additional IBX data centers; |
| our acquisitions of complementary businesses; or |
| the operational performance of our IBX data centers. |
The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging telecommunications companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Furthermore, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and/or damages, and divert managements attention from other business concerns, which could seriously harm our business.
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If we are not able to generate sufficient operating cash flows or obtain external financing, our ability to fund incremental expansion plans may be limited.
Our capital expenditures, together with ongoing operating expenses and obligations to service our debt, will be a substantial drain on our cash flow and may decrease our cash balances. Additional debt or equity financing may not be available when needed or, if available, may not be available on satisfactory terms. Our inability to obtain additional debt and/or equity financing or to generate sufficient cash from operations may require us to prioritize projects or curtail capital expenditures which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in the markets in which we operate internationally could harm our results of operations.
We may experience gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. To date, the majority of our revenues and costs are denominated in U.S. dollars; however, the majority of revenues and costs in our international operations are denominated in foreign currencies. Where our prices are denominated in U.S. dollars, our sales could be adversely affected by declines in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar, thereby making our products and services more expensive in local currencies. We are also exposed to risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates in connection with our international expansions. To the extent we are paying contractors in foreign currencies, our expansions could cost more than anticipated as a result of declines in the U.S dollar relative to foreign currencies. In addition, fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates have a direct impact on how our international results of operations translate into U.S. dollars.
Although we have in the past, and may decide in the future, to undertake foreign exchange hedging transactions to reduce foreign currency transaction exposure, we do not currently intend to eliminate all foreign currency transaction exposure. For example, while we hedge certain of our foreign currency assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, we do not hedge revenue. Therefore, any weakness of the U.S. dollar may have a positive impact on our consolidated results of operations because the currencies in the foreign countries in which we operate may translate into more U.S. dollars. However, if the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to the currencies of the foreign countries in which we operate our consolidated financial position and results of operations may be negatively impacted as amounts in foreign currencies will generally translate into fewer U.S. dollars. For additional information on foreign currency risk, refer to our discussion of foreign currency risk in Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included in Part I, Item 3 of this Quarterly Report.
We are continuing to invest in our expansion efforts but may not have sufficient customer demand in the future to realize expected returns on these investments.
We are considering the acquisition or lease of additional properties and the construction of new IBX data centers beyond those expansion projects already announced. We will be required to commit substantial operational and financial resources to these IBX data centers, generally 12 to 18 months in advance of securing customer contracts, and we may not have sufficient customer demand in those markets to support these centers once they are built. In addition, unanticipated technological changes could affect customer requirements for data centers, and we may not have built such requirements into our new IBX data centers. Either of these contingencies, if they were to occur, could make it difficult for us to realize expected or reasonable returns on these investments.
Our products and services have a long sales cycle that may harm our revenues and operating results.
A customers decision to license cabinet space in one of our IBX data centers and to purchase additional services typically involves a significant commitment of resources. In addition, some customers will be reluctant to commit to locating in our IBX data centers until they are confident that the IBX data center has adequate carrier connections. As a result, we have a long sales cycle. Furthermore, we may expend significant time and resources in pursuing a particular sale or customer that does not result in revenue. We are also in the process of significantly expanding our sales force. It will take time for these new hires to become fully productive.
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The current economic downturn may further impact this long sales cycle by making it extremely difficult for customers to accurately forecast and plan future business activities. This could cause customers to slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, which would delay and lengthen our sales cycle.
Delays due to the length of our sales cycle may materially and adversely affect our revenues and operating results, which could harm our ability to meet our forecasts for a given quarter and cause volatility in our stock price.
Any failure of our physical infrastructure or services could lead to significant costs and disruptions that could reduce our revenue and harm our business reputation and financial results.
Our business depends on providing customers with highly reliable service. We must protect our customers IBX infrastructure and their equipment located in our IBX data centers. While we own certain of our IBX data centers, others are leased by us, and we rely on the landlord for basic maintenance of the property. If such landlord has not maintained a leased property sufficiently, we may be forced into an early exit from the center which could be disruptive to our business. Furthermore, we continue to acquire IBX data centers not built by us. If we discover that these IBX data centers and their infrastructure assets are not in the condition we expected when they were acquired, we may be required to incur substantial additional costs to repair or upgrade the centers.
The services we provide in each of our IBX data centers are subject to failure resulting from numerous factors, including:
| human error; |
| equipment failure; |
| physical, electronic and cybersecurity breaches; |
| fire, earthquake, hurricane, flood, tornado and other natural disasters; |
| extreme temperatures; |
| water damage; |
| fiber cuts; |
| power loss; |
| terrorist acts; |
| sabotage and vandalism; and |
| failure of business partners who provide our resale products. |
Problems at one or more of our IBX data centers, whether or not within our control, could result in service interruptions or significant equipment damage. We have service level commitment obligations to certain of our customers, including our significant customers. As a result, service interruptions or significant equipment damage in our IBX data centers could result in difficulty maintaining service level commitments to these customers and potential claims related to such failures. Because our IBX data centers are critical to many of our customers businesses, service interruptions or significant equipment damage in our IBX data centers could also result in lost profits or other indirect or consequential damages to our customers. We cannot guarantee that a court would enforce any contractual limitations on our liability in the event that one of our customers brings a lawsuit against us as a result of a problem at one of our IBX data centers. In addition, any loss of service, equipment damage or inability to meet our service level commitment obligations could reduce the confidence of our customers and could consequently impair our ability to obtain and retain customers, which would adversely affect both our ability to generate revenues and our operating results.
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We may also incur significant liability in the event of an earthquake, particularly in one of the high hazard zones for earth movement which include, but are not limited to, California, Japan, the New Madrid Seismic Zone and the Pacific Northwest Seismic Zone, where insurance coverage for earthquakes can be extremely expensive. While we purchase minimal levels of earthquake coverage for certain of our IBX data centers in California, at other California IBX data centers and in other high hazard zones we have elected to self-insure. In the event of a large earthquake in any of these locations, we may find our insurance coverage to be inadequate to cover our damages, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.
The shortage of electricity supply and other aftermath caused by the March 2011 Japanese earthquake and resulting tsunami may affect our business operations. We have two IBX centers close to Tokyo, Japan, one in Heiwajima and one in Shinagawa plus a third data center under construction in Tokyo. As of the date of this filing, all of our Japanese centers are operational. However, there can be no assurances that future operations and revenue may not be seriously affected by, among other things, the potential of the shortage of electricity power supply in Japan as well as the potential of a nuclear reactor disaster occurring at a power plant within one hundred and forty miles of our IBX centers. These events may seriously damage our ability to conduct business in Japan or, in the worst case, cause operations to completely cease with our Japanese revenue suffering a material downturn.
Furthermore, we are dependent upon Internet service providers, telecommunications carriers and other website operators in the Americas region, Asia-Pacific region, EMEA and elsewhere, some of which have experienced significant system failures and electrical outages in the past. Users of our services may in the future experience difficulties due to system failures unrelated to our systems and services. If for any reason, these providers fail to provide the required services, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.
Our construction of additional new IBX data centers, or IBX data center expansions, could involve significant risks to our business.
In order to sustain our growth in certain of our existing and new markets, we must either expand an existing data center, lease a new facility or acquire suitable land with or without structures to build new IBX data centers from the ground up. Expansions or new builds are currently underway, or being contemplated, in many of our markets. Any related construction requires us to carefully select and rely on the experience of one or more designers, general contractors, and associated subcontractors during the design and construction process. Should a designer, general contractor, or significant subcontractor experience financial or other problems during the design or construction process, we could experience significant delays, increased costs to complete the project and/or other negative impacts to our expected returns.
Site selection is also a critical factor in our expansion plans. There may not be suitable properties available in our markets with the necessary combination of high power capacity and fiber connectivity, or selection may be limited. Thus, while we may prefer to locate new IBX data centers adjacent to our existing locations it may not always be possible. In the event we decide to build new IBX data centers separate from our existing IBX data centers, we may provide services to interconnect these two centers. Should these services not provide the necessary reliability to sustain service, this could result in lower interconnection revenue and lower margins and could have a negative impact on customer retention over time.
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Environmental regulations may impose upon us new or unexpected costs.
We are subject to various federal, state, local and international environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, including those relating to the generation, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. Certain of these laws and regulations also impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault, for investigation and cleanup costs on current and former owners and operators of real property and persons who have disposed of or released hazardous substances into the environment. Our operations involve the use of hazardous substances and materials such as petroleum fuel for emergency generators, as well as batteries, cleaning solutions and other materials. In addition, we lease, own or operate real property at which hazardous substances and regulated materials have been used in the past. At some of our locations, hazardous substances or regulated materials are known to be present in soil or groundwater and there may be additional unknown hazardous substances or regulated materials present at sites we own, operate or lease. At some of our locations, there are land use restrictions in place relating to earlier environmental cleanups that do not materially limit our use of the sites. To the extent any hazardous substances or any other substance or material must be cleaned up or removed from our property, we may be responsible under applicable laws, regulations or leases for the removal or cleanup of such substances or materials, the cost of which could be substantial.
In addition, we are subject to environmental, health and safety laws regulating air emissions, storm water management and other issues arising in our business. While these obligations do not normally impose material costs upon our operations, unexpected events, equipment malfunctions and human error, among other factors, can lead to violations of environmental laws, regulations or permits. Furthermore, environmental laws and regulations change frequently and may require additional investment to maintain compliance. Noncompliance with existing, or adoption of more stringent, environmental or health and safety laws and regulations or the discovery of previously unknown contamination could require us to incur costs or become the basis of new or increased liabilities that could be material.
Fossil fuel combustion creates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that are linked to global climate change. Regulations to limit GHG emissions are in force in the European Union in an effort to prevent or reduce climate change. In the United States, federal legislative proposals have been considered that would, if adopted, implement some form of regulation or taxation to reduce or mitigate GHG emissions. In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking steps towards using its existing authority under the Clean Air Act to regulate GHG emissions. On June 3, 2010, EPA published a final rule, known as the Tailoring Rule, setting forth the permitting program for regulating GHG emissions from major stationary sources. These permitting requirements will include, but are not limited to, meeting the best available control technologies for GHG emissions, and monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping for GHG emissions. The first steps of the program became effective January 2, 2011, and apply to large sources of GHGs such as, for example, fossil-fueled electricity generating facilities, that are already subject to Clean Air Act major source permits for their emission of non-greenhouse gas air pollutants (such as sulfur dioxide or particulate matter). The second step of the permitting program became effective July 1, 2011, and applies to the construction a new facility that will emit 100,000 tons per year or more of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e, a unit of measurement for GHGs) or to the modification of an existing facility that results in an increase of GHG emissions by 75,000 tons per year of CO2e. There is a small-source exception to the Tailoring Rule that we believe applies to our facilities. Under the exception, no source with emissions below 50,000 tons per year of CO2e or any modification resulting in an increase of less than 50,000 tons per year of CO2e will be subject to Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) or Title V permitting before at least April 30, 2016. EPA also announced plans in the final rule to develop permitting requirements for smaller sources of GHGs after the expiration of the small-source exception, which could potentially affect our facilities. We will continue to monitor the developments of this regulatory program to evaluate its impact on our facilities and business.
Several states within the United States have adopted laws intended to limit fossil fuel consumption and/or encourage renewable energy development for the same purpose. For example, California enacted AB-32, the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, prescribing a statewide cap on global warming pollution with a goal of reaching 1990 GHG emission levels by 2020 and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 and establishing a mandatory emissions reporting program. On December 16, 2010, the California Air Resources Board adopted the initial elements of a cap-and-trade program to implement AB-32, which will establish an auction to allocate allowances for GHG emissions, and will establish a minimum price for such allowances. This cap-and-trade regulation is intended to take effect January 1, 2012, with official allowance trading starting in 2013. If the regulation takes effect as currently drafted, it will increase our electricity costs by an amount that cannot yet be determined, but could exceed 5% of our costs of electricity at our California locations.
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Federal, regional, state and international regulatory programs to address climate change are still developing. In their final form, they may include a tax on carbon, a carbon cap-and-trade market, and/or other restrictions on carbon and GHG emissions. The area of GHG limitations and regulation is rapidly changing and will continue to change as additional legislation is considered and adopted, and regulations are finalized that implement existing law. For example, the United Kingdom is in the process of implementing the mandatory Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme (CRC), which requires certain public and private sector organizations that are consumers of large amounts of electricity to register with the program, participate in energy-saving activities and reduce their GHG emissions. The CRC became effective April 1, 2010, and qualifying organizations were required to register by September 30, 2010, which we have done. The United Kingdom Government is in the process of reviewing the mechanics of the CRC, but the first relevant period for the operation of the CRC still began in April 2011 as originally scheduled. We are required to monitor power usage from April 2011 onwards. We are monitoring developments and continuing to evaluate the extent of our obligations and the implications for our business in the United Kingdom, and we are communicating with customers accordingly.
We do not anticipate that climate change-related laws and regulations would directly limit the emissions of GHG by our operations. We could, however, be directly subject to taxes, fees or costs, or could indirectly be required to reimburse electricity providers for such costs that would represent the amount of GHG we emit. The expected controls on GHG emissions are likely to increase the costs of electricity or fossil fuels, and these cost increases could materially increase our costs of operation or limit the availability of electricity or emergency generator fuels. The physical impacts of climate change, including extreme weather conditions such as heat waves, could materially increase our costs of operation due to, for example, an increase in our energy use in order to maintain the temperature and internal environment of our data centers necessary for our operations. To the extent any environmental laws enacted or regulations impose new or unexpected costs, our business, results of operations or financial condition may be adversely affected.
If we are unable to recruit or retain qualified personnel, our business could be harmed.
We must continue to identify, hire, train and retain IT professionals, technical engineers, operations employees, and sales, marketing and senior management personnel who maintain relationships with our customers and who can provide the technical, strategic and marketing skills required for our company to grow. There is a shortage of qualified personnel in these fields, and we compete with other companies for the limited pool of talent. The failure to recruit and retain necessary personnel, including but not limited to members of our executive team, could harm our business and our ability to grow our company.
We may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors.
Our IBX data centers and other products and services must be able to differentiate themselves from those of other providers of space and services for telecommunications companies, webhosting companies and other colocation providers. In addition to competing with neutral colocation providers, we must compete with traditional colocation providers, including telecom companies, carriers, Internet service providers and webhosting facilities. Similarly, with respect to our other products and services, including managed services, bandwidth services and security services, we must compete with more established providers of similar services. Most of these companies have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than us.
Because of their greater financial resources, some of our competitors have the ability to adopt aggressive pricing policies, especially if they are not highly leveraged. As a result, in the future, we may suffer from pricing pressure that would adversely affect our ability to generate revenues and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, these competitors could offer colocation on neutral terms, and may start doing so in the same metropolitan areas in which we have IBX data centers. Some of these competitors may also provide our target customers with additional benefits, including bundled communication services, and may do so in a manner that is more attractive to our potential customers than obtaining space in our IBX data centers. If these competitors were able to adopt aggressive pricing policies together with offering colocation space, our ability to generate revenues may be materially and adversely affected.
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We may also face competition from persons seeking to replicate our IBX data center concept by building new data centers or converting existing data centers that some of our competitors are in the process of divesting. We may continue to see increased competition for data center space and customers from large real estate investment trusts, or REITs, who also operate in our market. We may experience competition from our landlords, some of which are REITs, in this regard. Rather than leasing available space in our buildings to large single tenants, they may decide to convert the space instead to smaller square foot units designed for multi-tenant colocation use. Landlords/REITs may enjoy a cost effective advantage in providing services similar to those provided by our IBX data centers, and in addition to the risk of losing customers to these parties, this could also reduce the amount of space available to us for expansion in the future. Competitors may operate more successfully or form alliances to acquire significant market share. Furthermore, enterprises that have already invested substantial resources in outsourcing arrangements may be reluctant or slow to replace, limit or compete with their existing systems by becoming a customer. Customers may also decide it is cost-effective for them to build out their own data centers, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations. In addition, other companies may be able to attract the same potential customers that we are targeting. Once customers are located in competitors facilities, it may be extremely difficult to convince them to relocate to our IBX data centers.
Our business could be harmed by prolonged electrical power outages or shortages, increased costs of energy or general lack of availability of electrical resources.
Our IBX data centers are susceptible to regional costs of power, electrical power shortages, planned or unplanned power outages and limitations, especially internationally, on the availability of adequate power resources.
Power outages, such as those that occurred in California during 2001, the Northeast in 2003, from the tornados on the U.S. east coast in 2004, and relating to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011, could harm our customers and our business. We attempt to limit exposure to system downtime by using backup generators and power supplies; however, we may not be able to limit our exposure entirely even with these protections in place, as was the case with the power outages we experienced in our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX data centers in 2005, London metro area IBX data centers in 2007 and Paris metro area IBX data centers in 2009.
In addition, global fluctuations in the price of power can increase the cost of energy, and although contractual price increase clauses exist in the majority of our customer agreements, we may not always choose to pass these increased costs on to our customers.
In each of our markets, we rely on third parties to provide a sufficient amount of power for current and future customers. At the same time, power and cooling requirements are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, some customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. We generally do not control the amount of electric power our customers draw from their installed circuits. This means that we could face power limitations in our centers. This could have a negative impact on the effective available capacity of a given center and limit our ability to grow our business, which could have a negative impact on our financial performance, operating results and cash flows.
We may also have difficulty obtaining sufficient power capacity for potential expansion sites in new or existing markets. We may experience significant delays and substantial increased costs demanded by the utilities to provide the level of electrical service required by our current IBX data center designs.
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We are exposed to potential risks from errors in our financial reporting systems and controls, including the potential for material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements.
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires companies to evaluate their internal controls over financial reporting. Although we received an unqualified opinion regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, in the course of our ongoing evaluation we have identified certain areas where we would like to improve and we are in the process of evaluating and designing enhanced processes and controls to address such areas, none of which we believe constitutes a material change. However, we cannot be certain that our efforts will be effective or sufficient for us, or our independent registered public accounting firm, to issue unqualified reports in the future, especially as our business continues to grow and evolve and as we acquire other businesses.
Our ability to manage our operations and growth will require us to improve our operational, financial and management controls, as well as our internal reporting systems and controls. We may not be able to implement improvements to our internal reporting systems and controls in an efficient and timely manner and have in the past, and may in the future, discover deficiencies in existing systems and controls. In addition, internal reporting systems and controls are subject to human error. Any such deficiencies could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements, which might involve restating previously issued financial statements. Additionally, as we expand, we will need to implement new systems to support our financial reporting systems and controls. We may not be able to implement these systems such that errors would be identified in a timely manner, which could result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements.
If we cannot effectively manage our international operations, and successfully implement our international expansion plans, our revenues may not increase and our business and results of operations would be harmed.
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, we recognized 38%, 39% and 37%, respectively, of our revenues outside the U.S. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recognized 40% of our revenues outside the U.S. We currently operate outside of the Americas in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. In April 2011, we expanded into South America through an investment in ALOG Data Centers do Brasil S.A.
To date, the network neutrality of our IBX data centers and the variety of networks available to our customers has often been a competitive advantage for us. In certain of our acquired IBX data centers in the Asia-Pacific region the limited number of carriers available reduces that advantage. As a result, we may need to adapt our key revenue-generating services and pricing to be competitive in those markets. In addition, we are currently undergoing expansions or evaluating expansion opportunities in the EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions. Undertaking and managing expansions in foreign jurisdictions may present unanticipated challenges to us.
Our international operations are generally subject to a number of additional risks, including:
| the costs of customizing IBX data centers for foreign countries; |
| protectionist laws and business practices favoring local competition; |
| greater difficulty or delay in accounts receivable collection; |
| difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, including negotiating with foreign labor unions or workers councils; |
| difficulties in managing across cultures and in foreign languages; |
| political and economic instability; |
| fluctuations in currency exchange rates; |
| difficulties in repatriating funds from certain countries; |
| our ability to obtain, transfer, or maintain licenses required by governmental entities with respect to our business; |
| unexpected changes in regulatory, tax and political environments; |
| our ability to secure and maintain the necessary physical and telecommunications infrastructure; |
| compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; and |
| compliance with evolving governmental regulation with which we have little experience. |
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In addition, compliance with international and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations increases our cost of doing business in foreign jurisdictions. These laws and regulations include data privacy requirements, labor relations laws, tax laws, anti-competition regulations, import and trade restrictions, export requirements, U.S. laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and local laws which also prohibit corrupt payments to governmental officials. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines, criminal sanctions against us, our officers or our employees, and prohibitions on the conduct of our business. Any such violations could include prohibitions on our ability to offer our services in one or more countries, could delay or prevent potential acquisitions, and could also materially damage our reputation, our brand, our international expansion efforts, our ability to attract and retain employees, our business and our operating results. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and address these risks and manage these difficulties.
Economic uncertainty in developing markets could adversely affect our revenue and earnings.
We conduct business and plan to expand in developing markets with economies that tend to be more volatile than those in the United States and Western Europe. The risk of doing business in developing markets such as China, Brazil, United Arab Emirates and other economically volatile areas could adversely affect our operations and earnings. Such risks include the financial instability among customers in these regions, political instability, fraud or corruption and other non-economic factors such as irregular trade flows that need to be managed successfully with the help of the local governments. In addition, commercial laws in some developing countries can be vague, inconsistently administered and retroactively applied. If we are deemed not to be in compliance with applicable laws in developing countries where we conduct business, our prospects and business in those countries could be harmed, which could then have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position. Our failure to successfully manage economic, political and other risks relating to doing business in developing countries and economically and politically volatile areas could adversely affect our business.
The increased use of high power density equipment may limit our ability to fully utilize our IBX data centers.
Customers are increasing their use of high-density electrical power equipment, such as blade servers, in our IBX data centers which has significantly increased the demand for power on a per cabinet basis. Because many of our IBX data centers were built a number of years ago, the current demand for electrical power may exceed the designed electrical capacity in these centers. As electrical power, not space, is a limiting factor in many of our IBX data centers, our ability to fully utilize those IBX data centers may be limited. The availability of sufficient power may also pose a risk to the successful operation of our new IBX data centers. The ability to increase the power capacity of an IBX data center, should we decide to, is dependent on several factors including, but not limited to, the local utilitys ability to provide additional power; the length of time required to provide such power; and/or whether it is feasible to upgrade the electrical infrastructure of an IBX data center to deliver additional power to customers. Although we are currently designing and building to a much higher power specification, there is a risk that demand will continue to increase and our IBX data centers could become obsolete sooner than expected.
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We expect our operating results to fluctuate.
We have experienced fluctuations in our results of operations on a quarterly and annual basis. The fluctuations in our operating results may cause the market price of our common stock to be volatile. We may experience significant fluctuations in our operating results in the foreseeable future due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to:
| fluctuations of foreign currencies in the markets in which we operate; |
| the timing and magnitude of depreciation and interest expense or other expenses related to the acquisition, purchase or construction of additional IBX data centers or the upgrade of existing IBX data centers; |
| demand for space, power and services at our IBX data centers; |
| changes in general economic conditions, such as the current economic downturn, and specific market conditions in the telecommunications and Internet industries, both of which may have an impact on our customer base; |
| charges to earnings resulting from past acquisitions due to, among other things, impairment of goodwill or intangible assets, reduction in the useful lives of intangible assets acquired, identification of additional assumed contingent liabilities or revised estimates to restructure an acquired companys operations; |
| the duration of the sales cycle for our services and our ability to ramp our newly-hired sales persons to full productivity within the time period we have forecasted; |
| restructuring charges or reversals of existing restructuring charges, which may be necessary due to revised sublease assumptions, changes in strategy or otherwise; |
| acquisitions or dispositions we may make; |
| the financial condition and credit risk of our customers; |
| the provision of customer discounts and credits; |
| the mix of current and proposed products and services and the gross margins associated with our products and services; |
| the timing required for new and future centers to open or become fully utilized; |
| competition in the markets in which we operate; |
| conditions related to international operations; |
| increasing repair and maintenance expenses in connection with aging IBX data centers; |
| lack of available capacity in our existing IBX data centers to generate new revenue or delays in opening up new or acquired IBX data centers that delay our ability to generate new revenue in markets which have otherwise reached capacity; |
| changes in rent expense as we amend our IBX data center leases in connection with extending their lease terms when their initial lease term expiration dates approach or changes in shared operating costs in connection with our leases, which are commonly referred to as common area maintenance expenses; |
| the timing and magnitude of other operating expenses, including taxes, expenses related to the expansion of sales, marketing, operations and acquisitions, if any, of complementary businesses and assets; |
| the cost and availability of adequate public utilities, including power; |
| changes in employee stock-based compensation; |
| overall inflation; |
| increasing interest expense due to any increases in interest rates and/or potential additional debt financings; |
| changes in income tax benefit or expense; and |
| changes in or new generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the U.S. as periodically released by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). |
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Any of the foregoing factors, or other factors discussed elsewhere in this report, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Although we have experienced growth in revenues in recent quarters, this growth rate is not necessarily indicative of future operating results. Prior to 2008, we had generated net losses every fiscal year since inception. It is possible that we may not be able to generate net income on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. In addition, a relatively large portion of our expenses are fixed in the short-term, particularly with respect to lease and personnel expenses, depreciation and amortization and interest expenses. Therefore, our results of operations are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in revenues. As such, comparisons to prior reporting periods should not be relied upon as indications of our future performance. In addition, our operating results in one or more future quarters may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors.
We have incurred substantial losses in the past and may incur additional losses in the future.
As of September 30, 2011, our accumulated deficit was $272.9 million. Although we have generated net income for each fiscal year since 2008, which was our first full year of net income since our inception, we are also currently investing heavily in our future growth through the build-out of multiple additional IBX data centers and IBX data center expansions as well as acquisitions of complementary businesses. As a result, we will incur higher depreciation and other operating expenses, as well as acquisition costs and interest expense, that may negatively impact our ability to sustain profitability in future periods unless and until these new IBX data centers generate enough revenue to exceed their operating costs and cover our additional overhead needed to scale our business for this anticipated growth. The current global financial crisis may also impact our ability to sustain profitability if we cannot generate sufficient revenue to offset the increased costs of our recently-opened IBX data centers or IBX data centers currently under construction. In addition, costs associated with the acquisition and integration of any acquired companies, as well as the additional interest expense associated with debt financing we have undertaken to fund our growth initiatives, may also negatively impact our ability to sustain profitability. Finally, given the competitive and evolving nature of the industry in which we operate, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
The failure to obtain favorable terms when we renew our IBX data center leases could harm our business and results of operations.
While we own certain of our IBX data centers, others are leased under long-term arrangements with lease terms expiring at various dates ranging from 2011 to 2035. These leased centers have all been subject to significant development by us in order to convert them from, in most cases, vacant buildings or warehouses into IBX data centers. Most of our IBX data center leases have renewal options available to us. However, many of these renewal options provide for rent set at then-prevailing market rates. To the extent that then-prevailing market rates are higher than present rates, these higher costs may adversely impact our business and results of operations.
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We depend on a number of third parties to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers; if connectivity is interrupted or terminated, our operating results and cash flow could be materially and adversely affected.
The presence of diverse telecommunications carriers fiber networks in our IBX data centers is critical to our ability to retain and attract new customers. We are not a telecommunications carrier, and as such we rely on third parties to provide our customers with carrier services. We believe that the availability of carrier capacity will directly affect our ability to achieve our projected results. We rely primarily on revenue opportunities from the telecommunications carriers customers to encourage them to invest the capital and operating resources required to connect from their centers to our IBX data centers. Carriers will likely evaluate the revenue opportunity of an IBX data center based on the assumption that the environment will be highly competitive. We cannot provide assurance that each and every carrier will elect to offer its services within our IBX data centers or that once a carrier has decided to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers that it will continue to do so for any period of time.
Our new IBX data centers require construction and operation of a sophisticated redundant fiber network. The construction required to connect multiple carrier facilities to our IBX data centers is complex and involves factors outside of our control, including regulatory processes and the availability of construction resources. Any hardware or fiber failures on this network may result in significant loss of connectivity to our new IBX data center expansions. This could affect our ability to attract new customers to these IBX data centers or retain existing customers.
If the establishment of highly diverse Internet connectivity to our IBX data centers does not occur, is materially delayed or is discontinued, or is subject to failure, our operating results and cash flow will be adversely affected.
We may be vulnerable to security breaches which could disrupt our operations and have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and operating results.
A party who is able to compromise the security measures on our networks or the security of our infrastructure could misappropriate either our proprietary information or the personal information of our customers, or cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations. We may be required to expend significant capital and resources to protect against such threats or to alleviate problems caused by breaches in security. As techniques used to breach security change frequently, and are generally not recognized until launched against a target, we may not be able to implement security measures in a timely manner or, if and when implemented, we may not be able to determine the extent to which these measures could be circumvented. Any breaches that may occur could expose us to increased risk of lawsuits, regulatory penalties, loss of existing or potential customers, harm to our reputation and increases in our security costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and operating results.
Global economic debt issues and uncertainty could adversely affect our revenues and earnings.
The varying pace of global economic recovery continues to create uncertainty and unpredictability and add risk to our future outlook. Sovereign debt issues and economic uncertainty in Greece, Portugal, Spain, Ireland and other countries in Europe and around the world raise concerns in markets important to our business. A global economic downturn could result in reductions in sales of our products, longer sales cycles, slower adoption of new technologies and increased price competition.
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We have government customers, which subjects us to risks including early termination, audits, investigations, sanctions and penalties.
We derive some revenues from contracts with the U.S. government, state and local governments and their respective agencies. Some of these customers may terminate all or part of their contracts at any time, without cause.
There is increased pressure for governments and their agencies, both domestically and internationally, to reduce spending. Some of our federal government contracts are subject to the approval of appropriations being made by the U.S. Congress to fund the expenditures under these contracts. Similarly, some of our contracts at the state and local levels are subject to government funding authorizations.
Additionally, government contracts are generally subject to audits and investigations which could result in various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, refund of a portion of fees received, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from future government business.
Because we depend on the development and growth of a balanced customer base, including key magnet customers, failure to attract, grow and retain this base of customers could harm our business and operating results.
Our ability to maximize revenues depends on our ability to develop and grow a balanced customer base, consisting of a variety of companies, including enterprises, cloud, digital content and financial companies, and network service providers. We consider certain of these customers to be key magnets in that they draw in other customers. The more balanced the customer base within each IBX data center, the better we will be able to generate significant interconnection revenues, which in turn increases our overall revenues. Our ability to attract customers to our IBX data centers will depend on a variety of factors, including the presence of multiple carriers, the mix of products and services offered by us, the overall mix of customers, the presence of key customers attracting business through vertical market ecosystems, the IBX data centers operating reliability and security and our ability to effectively market our services. However, some of our customers may face competitive pressures and may ultimately not be successful or may be consolidated through merger or acquisition. If these customers do not continue to use our IBX data centers it may be disruptive to our business. Finally, the uncertain economic climate may harm our ability to attract and retain customers if customers slow spending, or delay decision-making, on our products and services, or if customers begin to have difficulty paying us and we experience increased churn in our customer base. Any of these factors may hinder the development, growth and retention of a balanced customer base and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to securities class action and other litigation, which may harm our business and results of operations.
We are subject to various legal proceedings as described in Note 10 to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, we may, in the future, be subject to other litigation. For example, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. Litigation can be lengthy, expensive, and divert managements attention and resources. Results cannot be predicted with certainty and an adverse outcome in litigation could result in monetary damages or injunctive relief that could seriously harm our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights.
We cannot assure that the steps taken by us to protect our intellectual property rights will be adequate to deter misappropriation of proprietary information or that we will be able to detect unauthorized use and take appropriate steps to enforce our intellectual property rights. We also are subject to the risk of litigation alleging infringement of third-party intellectual property rights. Any such claims could require us to spend significant sums in litigation, pay damages, develop non-infringing intellectual property, or acquire licenses to the intellectual property that is the subject of the alleged infringement.
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Government regulation may adversely affect our business.
Various laws and governmental regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad, governing Internet related services, related communications services and information technologies remain largely unsettled, even in areas where there has been some legislative action. For example, the Federal Communications Commission recently issued a Notice of Inquiry for comments on proposed Internet rules and regulation of broadband that may result in material changes in the regulations and contribution regime affecting us and our customers. Likewise, as part of a review of the current equity market structure, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission have both sought comments regarding the regulation of independent data centers, such as Equinix, which provide colocation services for financial markets and exchanges. Such regulation may ultimately affect our provision of services.
It also may take years to determine whether and how existing laws, such as those governing intellectual property, privacy, libel, telecommunications services and taxation, apply to the Internet and to related services such as ours and substantial resources may be required to comply with regulations or bring any non-compliant business practices into compliance with such regulations. In addition, the development of the market for online commerce and the displacement of traditional telephony service by the Internet and related communications services may prompt an increased call for more stringent consumer protection laws or other regulation both in the U.S. and abroad that may impose additional burdens on companies conducting business online and their service providers.
The adoption, or modification of laws or regulations relating to the Internet and our business, or interpretations of existing laws, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Industry consolidation may have a negative impact on our business model.
The telecommunications industry is currently undergoing consolidation. As customers combine businesses, they may require less colocation space, and there may be fewer networks available to choose from. Given the competitive and evolving nature of this industry, further consolidation of our customers and/or our competitors may present a risk to our network-neutral business model and have a negative impact on our revenues. In addition, increased utilization levels industry-wide could lead to a reduced amount of attractive expansion opportunities available to us.
Terrorist activity throughout the world and military action to counter terrorism could adversely impact our business.
The continued threat of terrorist activity and other acts of war or hostility contribute to a climate of political and economic uncertainty. Due to existing or developing circumstances, we may need to incur additional costs in the future to provide enhanced security, including cybersecurity, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. These circumstances may also adversely affect our ability to attract and retain customers, our ability to raise capital and the operation and maintenance of our IBX data centers. We may not have adequate property and liability insurance to cover catastrophic events or attacks.
We have various mechanisms in place that may discourage takeover attempts.
Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring control of us in a merger, acquisition or similar transaction that a stockholder may consider favorable. Such provisions include:
| authorization for the issuance of blank check preferred stock; |
| the prohibition of cumulative voting in the election of directors; |
| limits on the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders; |
| the prohibition of stockholder action by written consent; and |
| advance notice requirements for nominations to the Board or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder meetings. |
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In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which restricts certain business combinations with interested stockholders in certain situations, may also discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
None.
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
None.
Item 4. | [Removed and Reserved] |
Item 5. | Other Information |
At our 2011 annual meeting of stockholders held on June 9, 2011, our stockholders voted on approval by a non-binding advisory vote of the frequency of stockholder non-binding advisory votes on the compensation of our named executive officers. The Board of Directors recommended 1 year and, as reported in our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 9, 2011, the 1 year choice received a majority of the votes cast by our stockholders. Therefore, we have determined that an advisory vote on executive compensation will be conducted every year, until the next required stockholder vote to recommend the frequency of such votes.
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Item 6. | Exhibits |
Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
2.1 | Combination Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2002, by and among Equinix, Inc., Eagle Panther Acquisition Corp., Eagle Jaguar Acquisition Corp., i-STT Pte Ltd, STT Communications Ltd., Pihana Pacific, Inc. and Jane Dietze, as representative of the stockholders of Pihana Pacific, Inc. |
Def. Proxy 14A | 12/12/02 | |||||||
2.2 | Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 21, 2009, by and among Equinix, Inc., Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. and Sundance Acquisition Corporation. |
8-K | 10/22/09 | 2.1 | ||||||
2.3 | First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated March 20, 2010, by and among Equinix, Inc., Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. and Sundance Acquisition Corporation. |
8-K | 3/22/10 | 2.1 | ||||||
3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended to date. |
10-K/A | 12/31/02 | 3.1 | ||||||
3.2 | Certificate of Amendment of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation | 8-K | 6/14/11 | 3.1 | ||||||
3.2 | Certificate of Designation of Series A and Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock. |
10-K/A | 12/31/02 | 3.3 | ||||||
3.3 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant. | 8-K | 6/14/11 | 3.2 | ||||||
4.1 | Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. | |||||||||
4.2 | Indenture dated March 30, 2007 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. |
8-K | 3/30/07 | 4.4 | ||||||
4.3 | Form of 2.50% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2012 (see Exhibit 4.2). |
|||||||||
4.4 | Indenture dated September 26, 2007 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. |
8-K | 9/26/07 | 4.4 | ||||||
4.5 | Form of 3.00% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2014 (see Exhibit 4.4). |
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Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
4.6 | Indenture dated June 12, 2009 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 4.1 | ||||||
4.7 | Form of 4.75% Convertible Subordinated Note Due 2016 (see Exhibit 4.6). |
|||||||||
4.8 | Indenture dated March 3, 2010 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. |
10-Q | 3/31/10 | 4.8 | ||||||
4.9 | Form of 8.125% Senior Note Due 2018 (see Exhibit 4.8). |
|||||||||
4.10 | Indenture dated July 13, 2011 by and between Equinix, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association as trustee |
8-K | 7/13/11 | 4.1 | ||||||
4.11 | Form of 7.00% Senior Note due 2021 (see Exhibit 4.10) |
8-K | 7/13/11 | 4.2 | ||||||
10.1 | Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its officers and directors. |
S-4 (File No. 333-93749) |
12/29/99 | 10.5 | ||||||
10.2 | 2000 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended. |
10-K | 12/31/07 | 10.3 | ||||||
10.3 | 2000 Director Option Plan, as amended. |
10-K | 12/31/07 | 10.4 | ||||||
10.4 | 2001 Supplemental Stock Plan, as amended. |
10-K | 12/31/07 | 10.5 | ||||||
10.5 | Equinix, Inc. 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended. |
S-8 (File No. 333-165033) |
2/23/10 | 99.3 | ||||||
10.6 | Form of Restricted Stock Agreements for Stephen M. Smith under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan. |
10-Q | 3/31/07 | 10.45 | ||||||
10.7 | Letter Agreement, dated April 22, 2008, by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix Operating Co., Inc. |
10-Q | 6/30/08 | 10.34 | ||||||
10.8 | Severance Agreement by and between Stephen Smith and Equinix, Inc. dated December 18, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.31 | ||||||
10.9 | Severance Agreement by and between Peter Van Camp and Equinix, Inc. dated December 10, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.32 |
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Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
10.10 | Severance Agreement by and between Keith Taylor and Equinix, Inc. dated December 19, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.33 | ||||||
10.11 | Severance Agreement by and between Peter Ferris and Equinix, Inc. dated December 17, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.34 | ||||||
10.12 | Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix, Inc. dated December 19, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.35 | ||||||
10.13 | Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Jarrett Appleby and Equinix, Inc. dated December 11, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.36 | ||||||
10.14 | Offer Letter from Equinix, Inc. to Jarrett Appleby dated November 6, 2008. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.37 | ||||||
10.15 | Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Jarrett Appleby under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan. |
10-K | 12/31/08 | 10.38 | ||||||
10.16 | Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.1 | ||||||
10.17 | Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.2 | ||||||
10.18 | Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.3 | ||||||
10.19 | Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.4 | ||||||
10.20 | Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.5 | ||||||
10.21 | Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, London Branch. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.6 |
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Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
10.22 | Confirmation for Base Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.7 | ||||||
10.23 | Confirmation for Additional Capped Call Transaction dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.8 | ||||||
10.24 | Master Terms and Conditions for Capped Call Transactions dated as of June 9, 2009 between Equinix, Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. |
8-K | 6/12/09 | 10.9 | ||||||
10.25 | Addendum to international assignment letter agreement by and between Eric Schwartz and Equinix Operating Co., Inc., dated February 17, 2010. |
10-Q | 3/31/10 | 10.42 | ||||||
10.26 | Switch & Data 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. |
S-1/A (File No. 333-137607) filed by Switch & Data Facilities Company, Inc. |
2/5/07 | 10.9 | ||||||
10.27 | Amendment and Restatement of Facility Agreement, by and among Equinix Australia Pty Ltd., Equinix Hong Kong Limited, Equinix Singapore Pte. Ltd., Equinix Pacific Pte. Ltd and Equinix Japan K.K., as borrowers, the Joint Mandated Lead Arrangers, the Joint Mandated Bookrunners, the Lead Arrangers and the Closing Date Lenders, as defined therein, and The Royal Bank of Scotland N.V., as Facility Agent, dated May 10, 2010. |
10-Q | 6/30/10 | 10.39 | ||||||
10.28 | Offer Letter from Equinix, Inc. to Charles Meyers dated September 28, 2010. |
10-Q | 9/30/10 | 10.40 | ||||||
10.29 | Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Charles Meyers under the Equinix, Inc. 2000 Equity Incentive Plan. |
10-Q | 9/30/10 | 10.41 | ||||||
10.30 | Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between Charles Meyers and Equinix, Inc. dated September 30. 2010. |
10-Q | 9/30/10 | 10.42 |
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Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
10.31 | Form of amendment to existing severance agreement between the Registrant and each of Messrs. Appleby, Ferris, Meyers, Smith, Taylor and Van Camp. |
10-K | 12/31/10 | 10.33 | ||||||
10.32 | Letter amendment, dated December 14, 2010, to Change in Control Severance Agreement, dated December 18, 2008, and letter agreement relating to expatriate benefits, dated April 22, 2008, as amended, by and between the Registrant and Eric Schwartz. |
10-K | 12/31/10 | 10.34 | ||||||
10.33 | Equinix, Inc. 2011 Incentive Plan |
10-Q | 3/31/11 | 10.33 | ||||||
10.34 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for CEO and CFO. |
10-Q | 3/31/11 | 10.34 | ||||||
10.35 | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for all other Section 16 officers. |
10-Q | 3/31/11 | 10.35 | ||||||
10.36* | English Translation of Shareholders Agreement, dated as of April 25, 2011, among Equinix South America Holdings, LLC, RW Brasil Fundo de Investimento em Participaçðes and Zion RJ Participaçðes S.A., and, for the limited purposes set forth therein, Sidney Victor da Costa Breyer, Antonio Eduardo Zago de Carvalho, Equinix, Inc., Riverwood Capital L.P., Riverwood Capital Partners L.P. and Riverwood Capital Partners (ParallelA) L.P. |
10-Q | 6/30/11 | 10.36 | ||||||
10.37 | Lease Agreement between 2020 Fifth Avenue LLC and Switch & Data WA One LLC, dated October 13, 2011. |
X | ||||||||
18.1 | Preferable Accounting Principles Letter from Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, dated July 26, 2010. |
10-Q | 6/30/10 | 18.1 | ||||||
21.1 | Subsidiaries of Equinix, Inc. |
X | ||||||||
31.1 | Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
X | ||||||||
31.2 | Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
X |
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Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit |
Exhibit Description |
Form |
Filing Date/ Period End Date |
Exhibit |
Filed Herewith | |||||
32.1 | Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
X | ||||||||
32.2 | Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
X | ||||||||
101 | Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text. |
X |
* | Confidential treatment has been requested for certain portions which are omitted in the copy of the exhibit electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The omitted information has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Equinixs application for confidential treatment. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
EQUINIX, INC. | ||||
Date: October 28, 2011 |
||||
By: | /s/ KEITH D. TAYLOR | |||
Chief Financial Officer | ||||
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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Exhibit |
Description of Document | |
10.37 | Lease Agreement between 2020 Fifth Avenue LLC and Switch & Data WA One LLC, dated October 13, 2011. | |
21.1 | Subsidiaries of Equinix. | |
31.1 | Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1 | Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2 | Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
101 | Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 and (iv) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text. |
* | Confidential treatment has been requested for certain portions which are omitted in the copy of the exhibit electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The omitted information has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Equinixs application for confidential treatment. |
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