CNA 2013 Q1
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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| | |
[x] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2013
OR |
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[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from _____ to _____
Commission File Number 1-5823
CNA FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | 36-6169860 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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333 S. Wabash Chicago, Illinois (Address of principal executive offices) | | 60604 (Zip Code) |
(312) 822-5000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [x] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes [x] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer [x] | | Accelerated filer [ ] | | Non-accelerated filer [ ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | | Smaller reporting company [ ] |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [x]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
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Class | | Outstanding at April 26, 2013 |
Common Stock, Par value $2.50 | | 269,684,313 |
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Item Number | | Page Number |
1. | | |
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2. | | |
3. | | |
4. | | |
| PART II. Other Information | |
1. | | |
4. | | |
6. | | |
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
CNA Financial Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions, except per share data) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Revenues | | | |
Net earned premiums | $ | 1,764 |
| | $ | 1,649 |
|
Net investment income | 633 |
| | 648 |
|
Net realized investment gains (losses): | | | |
Other-than-temporary impairment losses | (18 | ) | | (15 | ) |
Portion of other-than-temporary impairments recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss) | — |
| | (12 | ) |
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings | (18 | ) | | (27 | ) |
Other net realized investment gains | 46 |
| | 63 |
|
Net realized investment gains | 28 |
| | 36 |
|
Other revenues | 78 |
| | 68 |
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Total revenues | 2,503 |
| | 2,401 |
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Claims, Benefits and Expenses | | | |
Insurance claims and policyholders’ benefits | 1,429 |
| | 1,381 |
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Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 328 |
| | 295 |
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Other operating expenses | 341 |
| | 319 |
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Interest | 42 |
| | 42 |
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Total claims, benefits and expenses | 2,140 |
| | 2,037 |
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Income before income tax | 363 |
| | 364 |
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Income tax expense | (113 | ) | | (114 | ) |
Net income | $ | 250 |
| | $ | 250 |
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| | | |
Basic and diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.93 |
| | $ | 0.93 |
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| | | |
Dividends per share | $ | 0.20 |
| | $ | 0.15 |
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| | | |
Weighted Average Outstanding Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents | | | |
Basic | 269.5 |
| | 269.3 |
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Diluted | 269.9 |
| | 269.7 |
|
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited).
CNA Financial Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax | | | |
Changes in: | | | |
Net unrealized gains on investments with other-than-temporary impairments | $ | 14 |
| | $ | 40 |
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on other investments | (62 | ) | | 217 |
|
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments | (48 | ) | | 257 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment | (61 | ) | | 21 |
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Pension and postretirement benefits | 5 |
| | 6 |
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Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (104 | ) | | 284 |
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Net income | 250 |
| | 250 |
|
Total comprehensive income | $ | 146 |
| | $ | 534 |
|
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited).
CNA Financial Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | |
| March 31,
2013 | | December 31,
2012 |
(In millions, except share data) | |
Assets | | | |
Investments: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities at fair value (amortized cost of $38,533 and $38,170) | $ | 42,799 |
| | $ | 42,633 |
|
Equity securities at fair value (cost of $177 and $228) | 201 |
| | 249 |
|
Limited partnership investments | 2,564 |
| | 2,462 |
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Other invested assets | 49 |
| | 59 |
|
Mortgage loans | 425 |
| | 401 |
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Short term investments | 1,555 |
| | 1,832 |
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Total investments | 47,593 |
| | 47,636 |
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Cash | 123 |
| | 156 |
|
Reinsurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $71 and $73) | 6,066 |
| | 6,158 |
|
Insurance receivables (less allowance for uncollectible receivables of $98 and $101) | 1,974 |
| | 1,882 |
|
Accrued investment income | 476 |
| | 434 |
|
Deferred acquisition costs | 641 |
| | 598 |
|
Deferred income taxes | 21 |
| | 93 |
|
Property and equipment at cost (less accumulated depreciation of $406 and $404) | 323 |
| | 326 |
|
Goodwill | 151 |
| | 154 |
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Other assets (includes $0 and $4 due from Loews Corporation) | 1,080 |
| | 773 |
|
Separate account business | 279 |
| | 312 |
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Total assets | $ | 58,727 |
| | $ | 58,522 |
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Liabilities | |
| | |
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Insurance reserves: | |
| | |
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Claim and claim adjustment expenses | $ | 24,511 |
| | $ | 24,763 |
|
Unearned premiums | 3,759 |
| | 3,610 |
|
Future policy benefits | 11,469 |
| | 11,475 |
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Policyholders’ funds | 154 |
| | 157 |
|
Short term debt | 13 |
| | 13 |
|
Long term debt | 2,558 |
| | 2,557 |
|
Other liabilities (includes $1 and $0 due to Loews Corporation) | 3,579 |
| | 3,321 |
|
Separate account business | 279 |
| | 312 |
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Total liabilities | 46,322 |
| | 46,208 |
|
Commitments and contingencies (Notes C, G and J) |
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Stockholders' Equity | |
| | |
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Common stock ($2.50 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 273,040,243 shares issued; 269,681,511 and 269,399,390 shares outstanding) | 683 |
| | 683 |
|
Additional paid-in capital | 2,138 |
| | 2,146 |
|
Retained earnings | 8,969 |
| | 8,774 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 727 |
| | 831 |
|
Treasury stock (3,358,732 and 3,640,853 shares), at cost | (92 | ) | | (99 | ) |
Notes receivable for the issuance of common stock | (20 | ) | | (21 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 12,405 |
| | 12,314 |
|
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 58,727 |
| | $ | 58,522 |
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The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
CNA Financial Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
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| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | | | |
Net income | $ | 250 |
| | $ | 250 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows provided by operating activities: | | | |
Loss on disposal of property and equipment | — |
| | 1 |
|
Deferred income tax expense | 99 |
| | 73 |
|
Trading portfolio activity | (48 | ) | | (6 | ) |
Net realized investment gains | (28 | ) | | (36 | ) |
Equity method investees | (91 | ) | | (69 | ) |
Amortization of investments | (10 | ) | | (23 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | 33 |
| | 20 |
|
Changes in: | | | |
Receivables, net | (20 | ) | | 53 |
|
Accrued investment income | (42 | ) | | (42 | ) |
Deferred acquisition costs | (40 | ) | | (15 | ) |
Insurance reserves | 79 |
| | 99 |
|
Other assets | (20 | ) | | 73 |
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Other liabilities | 16 |
| | (67 | ) |
Other, net | 13 |
| | 1 |
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Total adjustments | (59 | ) | | 62 |
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Net cash flows provided by operating activities | $ | 191 |
| | $ | 312 |
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Cash Flows from Investing Activities | | | |
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Dispositions: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities - sales | $ | 1,409 |
| | $ | 1,929 |
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Fixed maturity securities - maturities, calls and redemptions | 866 |
| | 683 |
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Equity securities | 51 |
| | 19 |
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Limited partnerships | 58 |
| | 46 |
|
Mortgage loans | 1 |
| | 1 |
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Purchases: | | | |
Fixed maturity securities | (2,720 | ) | | (2,842 | ) |
Equity securities | (12 | ) | | (12 | ) |
Limited partnerships | (41 | ) | | (36 | ) |
Mortgage loans | (25 | ) | | (48 | ) |
Change in other investments | 3 |
| | — |
|
Change in short term investments | 264 |
| | (8 | ) |
Purchases of property and equipment | (21 | ) | | (22 | ) |
Other, net | 6 |
| | 3 |
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Net cash flows used by investing activities | $ | (161 | ) | | $ | (287 | ) |
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
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Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | | | |
Dividends paid to common stockholders | $ | (55 | ) | | $ | (41 | ) |
Stock options exercised | 1 |
| | — |
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Other, net | (2 | ) | | (1 | ) |
Net cash flows used by financing activities | $ | (56 | ) | | $ | (42 | ) |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash | $ | (7 | ) | | $ | 1 |
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Net change in cash | $ | (33 | ) | | $ | (16 | ) |
Cash, beginning of year | 156 |
| | 75 |
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Cash, end of period | $ | 123 |
| | $ | 59 |
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The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
CNA Financial Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)
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Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Common Stock | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 683 |
| | $ | 683 |
|
Balance, end of period | 683 |
| | 683 |
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Additional Paid-in Capital | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | 2,146 |
| | 2,141 |
|
Stock-based compensation | (8 | ) | | (1 | ) |
Balance, end of period | 2,138 |
| | 2,140 |
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Retained Earnings | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | 8,774 |
| | 8,308 |
|
Dividends paid to common stockholders | (55 | ) | | (41 | ) |
Net income | 250 |
| | 250 |
|
Balance, end of period | 8,969 |
| | 8,517 |
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | 831 |
| | 480 |
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (104 | ) | | 284 |
|
Balance, end of period | 727 |
| | 764 |
|
Treasury Stock | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | (99 | ) | | (102 | ) |
Stock-based compensation | 7 |
| | 2 |
|
Balance, end of period | (92 | ) | | (100 | ) |
Notes Receivable for the Issuance of Common Stock | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | (21 | ) | | (22 | ) |
(Increase) decrease in notes receivable for the issuance of common stock | 1 |
| | (1 | ) |
Balance, end of period | (20 | ) | | (23 | ) |
Total Stockholders' Equity | $ | 12,405 |
| | $ | 11,981 |
|
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
CNA Financial Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Note A. General
Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) include the accounts of CNA Financial Corporation (CNAF) and its subsidiaries. Collectively, CNAF and its subsidiaries are referred to as CNA or the Company. The Company acquired Hardy Underwriting Bermuda Limited and its subsidiaries on July 2, 2012. Loews Corporation (Loews) owned approximately 90% of the outstanding common stock of CNAF as of March 31, 2013.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements, including certain financial statement notes, prepared in accordance with GAAP, is not required for interim reporting purposes and has been condensed or omitted. These statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in CNAF's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the year ended December 31, 2012, including the summary of significant accounting policies in Note A. The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
The interim financial data as of March 31, 2013 and for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 is unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair statement of the Company's results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Intercompany amounts have been eliminated.
Note B. Earnings Per Share
Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of outstanding common shares. Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes the impact of dilutive securities and is computed by dividing Net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.
For the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, approximately 372 thousand and 339 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises under stock-based employee compensation plans were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For those same periods, approximately 335 thousand and 668 thousand potential shares attributable to exercises under stock-based employee compensation plans were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been antidilutive.
Note C. Investments
The significant components of net investment income are presented in the following table.
Net Investment Income
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| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Fixed maturity securities | $ | 499 |
| | $ | 516 |
|
Short term investments | 1 |
| | 1 |
|
Limited partnership investments | 131 |
| | 130 |
|
Equity securities | 3 |
| | 4 |
|
Mortgage loans | 5 |
| | 3 |
|
Trading portfolio (a) | 5 |
| | 7 |
|
Other | 1 |
| | 1 |
|
Gross investment income | 645 |
| | 662 |
|
Investment expense | (12 | ) | | (14 | ) |
Net investment income | $ | 633 |
| | $ | 648 |
|
| |
(a) | There were $1 million of net unrealized gains for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and no net unrealized gains (losses) for the three months ended March 31, 2012 related to changes in fair value of trading securities still held included in net investment income. |
Net realized investment gains (losses) are presented in the following table.
Net Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
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| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Net realized investment gains (losses): | | | |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | |
Gross realized gains | $ | 44 |
| | $ | 69 |
|
Gross realized losses | (12 | ) | | (39 | ) |
Net realized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities | 32 |
| | 30 |
|
Equity securities: | | | |
|
Gross realized gains | 2 |
| | 3 |
|
Gross realized losses | (15 | ) | | (2 | ) |
Net realized investment gains (losses) on equity securities | (13 | ) | | 1 |
|
Derivatives | 2 |
| | (1 | ) |
Short term investments and other | 7 |
| | 6 |
|
Net realized investment gains (losses) | $ | 28 |
| | $ | 36 |
|
The components of net other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized in earnings by asset type are summarized in the following table.
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Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale: | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 3 |
| | $ | 10 |
|
Asset-backed - residential mortgage-backed | — |
| | 14 |
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | — |
| | 1 |
|
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale | 3 |
| | 25 |
|
Equity securities available-for-sale: | | | |
Common stock | — |
| | 2 |
|
Preferred stock | 15 |
| | — |
|
Total equity securities available-for-sale | 15 |
| | 2 |
|
Net OTTI losses recognized in earnings | $ | 18 |
| | $ | 27 |
|
A security is impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its cost adjusted for accretion, amortization and previously recorded OTTI losses, otherwise defined as an unrealized loss. When a security is impaired, the impairment is evaluated to determine whether it is temporary or other-than-temporary.
Significant judgment is required in the determination of whether an OTTI loss has occurred for a security. The Company follows a consistent and systematic process for determining and recording an OTTI loss. The Company has established a committee responsible for the OTTI process. This committee, referred to as the Impairment Committee, is made up of three officers appointed by the Company’s Chief Financial Officer (CFO). The Impairment Committee is responsible for evaluating all securities in an unrealized loss position on at least a quarterly basis.
The Impairment Committee’s assessment of whether an OTTI loss has occurred incorporates both quantitative and qualitative information. Fixed maturity securities that the Company intends to sell, or it more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost, are considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired and the entire difference between the amortized cost basis and fair value of the security is recognized as an OTTI loss in earnings. The remaining fixed maturity securities in an unrealized loss position are evaluated to determine if a credit loss exists. The factors considered by the Impairment Committee include (a) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (b) whether the debtor is current on interest and principal payments, (c) credit ratings of the securities and (d) general market conditions and industry or sector specific outlook. The Company also considers results and analysis of cash flow modeling for asset-backed securities, and when appropriate, other fixed maturity securities. The focus of the analysis for asset-backed securities is on assessing the sufficiency and quality of underlying collateral and timing of cash flows based on scenario tests. If the present value of the modeled expected cash flows equals or exceeds the amortized cost of a security, no credit loss is judged to exist and the asset-backed security is deemed to be temporarily impaired. If the present value of the expected cash flows is less than amortized cost, the security is judged to be other-than-temporarily impaired for credit reasons and that shortfall, referred to as the credit component, is recognized as an OTTI loss in earnings. The difference between the adjusted amortized cost basis and fair value, referred to as the non-credit component, is recognized as OTTI in Other comprehensive income (loss). In subsequent reporting periods, a change in intent to sell or further credit impairment on a security whose fair value has not deteriorated will cause the non-credit component originally recorded as OTTI in Other comprehensive income (loss) to be recognized as an OTTI loss in earnings.
The Company performs the discounted cash flow analysis using stressed scenarios to determine future expectations regarding recoverability. For asset-backed securities, significant assumptions enter into these cash flow projections including delinquency rates, probable risk of default, loss severity upon a default, over collateralization and interest coverage triggers, and credit support from lower level tranches.
The Company applies the same impairment model as described above for the majority of non-redeemable preferred stock securities on the basis that these securities possess characteristics similar to debt securities and that the issuers maintain their ability to pay dividends. For all other equity securities, in determining whether the security is other-than-temporarily impaired, the Impairment Committee considers a number of factors including, but not limited to: (a) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than amortized cost, (b) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (c) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value and (d) general market conditions and industry or sector specific outlook.
The following tables provide a summary of fixed maturity and equity securities.
Summary of Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2013 | Cost or Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains) |
(In millions) | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 19,747 |
| | $ | 2,562 |
| | $ | 18 |
| | $ | 22,291 |
| | $ | — |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 9,599 |
| | 1,408 |
| | 59 |
| | 10,948 |
| | — |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 5,518 |
| | 235 |
| | 70 |
| | 5,683 |
| | (49 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 1,853 |
| | 147 |
| | 10 |
| | 1,990 |
| | (3 | ) |
Other asset-backed | 932 |
| | 23 |
| | — |
| | 955 |
| | — |
|
Total asset-backed | 8,303 |
| | 405 |
| | 80 |
| | 8,628 |
| | (52 | ) |
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | 170 |
| | 11 |
| | — |
| | 181 |
| | — |
|
Foreign government | 528 |
| | 24 |
| | — |
| | 552 |
| | — |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 123 |
| | 14 |
| | 1 |
| | 136 |
| | — |
|
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale | 38,470 |
| | 4,424 |
| | 158 |
| | 42,736 |
| | $ | (52 | ) |
Total fixed maturity securities trading | 63 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 63 |
| | |
Equity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock | 38 |
| | 17 |
| | — |
| | 55 |
| | |
Preferred stock | 139 |
| | 7 |
| | — |
| | 146 |
| | |
Total equity securities available-for-sale | 177 |
| | 24 |
| | — |
| | 201 |
| | |
Total | $ | 38,710 |
| | $ | 4,448 |
| | $ | 158 |
| | $ | 43,000 |
| | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2012 | Cost or Amortized Cost | | Gross Unrealized Gains | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Unrealized OTTI Losses (Gains) |
(In millions) | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 19,530 |
| | $ | 2,698 |
| | $ | 21 |
| | $ | 22,207 |
| | $ | — |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 9,372 |
| | 1,455 |
| | 44 |
| | 10,783 |
| | — |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 5,745 |
| | 246 |
| | 71 |
| | 5,920 |
| | (28 | ) |
Commercial mortgage-backed | 1,692 |
| | 147 |
| | 17 |
| | 1,822 |
| | (3 | ) |
Other asset-backed | 929 |
| | 23 |
| | — |
| | 952 |
| | — |
|
Total asset-backed | 8,366 |
| | 416 |
| | 88 |
| | 8,694 |
| | (31 | ) |
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | 172 |
| | 11 |
| | 1 |
| | 182 |
| | — |
|
Foreign government | 588 |
| | 25 |
| | — |
| | 613 |
| | — |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 113 |
| | 13 |
| | 1 |
| | 125 |
| | — |
|
Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale | 38,141 |
| | 4,618 |
| | 155 |
| | 42,604 |
| | $ | (31 | ) |
Total fixed maturity securities trading | 29 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 29 |
| | |
Equity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock | 38 |
| | 14 |
| | — |
| | 52 |
| | |
Preferred stock | 190 |
| | 7 |
| | — |
| | 197 |
| | |
Total equity securities available-for-sale | 228 |
| | 21 |
| | — |
| | 249 |
| | |
Total | $ | 38,398 |
| | $ | 4,639 |
| | $ | 155 |
| | $ | 42,882 |
| | |
The net unrealized gains on investments included in the tables above are recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). When presented in AOCI, these amounts are net of tax and any required Shadow Adjustments. At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the net unrealized gains on investments included in AOCI were net of after-tax Shadow Adjustments of $1,438 million and $1,511 million. To the extent that unrealized gains on fixed income securities supporting certain products within the Life & Group Non-Core segment would result in a premium deficiency if realized, a related decrease in Deferred acquisition costs and/or increase in Insurance reserves are recorded, net of tax, as a reduction of net unrealized gains through Other comprehensive income (loss) (Shadow Adjustments).
The following tables summarize the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities in a gross unrealized loss position by the length of time in which the securities have continuously been in that position.
Securities in a Gross Unrealized Loss Position
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Less than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Longer | | Total |
March 31, 2013 | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
(In millions) | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 951 |
| | $ | 13 |
| | $ | 50 |
| | $ | 5 |
| | $ | 1,001 |
| | $ | 18 |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 683 |
| | 16 |
| | 121 |
| | 43 |
| | 804 |
| | 59 |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 920 |
| | 19 |
| | 347 |
| | 51 |
| | 1,267 |
| | 70 |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | 155 |
| | 2 |
| | 141 |
| | 8 |
| | 296 |
| | 10 |
|
Total asset-backed | 1,075 |
| | 21 |
| | 488 |
| | 59 |
| | 1,563 |
| | 80 |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 34 |
| | 1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 34 |
| | 1 |
|
Total | $ | 2,743 |
| | $ | 51 |
| | $ | 659 |
| | $ | 107 |
| | $ | 3,402 |
| | $ | 158 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Less than 12 Months | | 12 Months or Longer | | Total |
December 31, 2012 | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses | | Estimated Fair Value | | Gross Unrealized Losses |
(In millions) | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 846 |
| | $ | 13 |
| | $ | 108 |
| | $ | 8 |
| | $ | 954 |
| | $ | 21 |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 254 |
| | 5 |
| | 165 |
| | 39 |
| | 419 |
| | 44 |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
|
Residential mortgage-backed | 583 |
| | 5 |
| | 452 |
| | 66 |
| | 1,035 |
| | 71 |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | 85 |
| | 2 |
| | 141 |
| | 15 |
| | 226 |
| | 17 |
|
Total asset-backed | 668 |
| | 7 |
| | 593 |
| | 81 |
| | 1,261 |
| | 88 |
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | 23 |
| | 1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 23 |
| | 1 |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 28 |
| | 1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 28 |
| | 1 |
|
Total | $ | 1,819 |
| | $ | 27 |
| | $ | 866 |
| | $ | 128 |
| | $ | 2,685 |
| | $ | 155 |
|
The amount of pretax net realized gains on available-for-sale securities reclassified out of AOCI into earnings was $19 million and $32 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
Based on current facts and circumstances, the Company believes the unrealized losses presented in the March 31, 2013 Securities in a Gross Unrealized Loss Position table above, are primarily attributable to broader economic conditions, changes in interest rates and credit spreads, market illiquidity and other market factors, but are not indicative of the ultimate collectibility of the current amortized cost of the securities. The Company has no current intent to sell these securities, nor is it more likely than not that it will be required to sell prior to recovery of amortized cost; accordingly, the Company has determined that there are no additional OTTI losses to be recorded at March 31, 2013.
The following table summarizes the activity for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 related to the pretax credit loss component reflected in Retained earnings on fixed maturity securities still held at March 31, 2013 and 2012 for which a portion of an OTTI loss was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).
|
| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Beginning balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities | $ | 95 |
| | $ | 92 |
|
Additional credit losses for securities for which an OTTI loss was previously recognized | — |
| | 11 |
|
Credit losses for securities for which an OTTI loss was not previously recognized | — |
| | 1 |
|
Reductions for securities sold during the period | (3 | ) | | (4 | ) |
Ending balance of credit losses on fixed maturity securities | $ | 92 |
| | $ | 100 |
|
Contractual Maturity
The following table summarizes available-for-sale fixed maturity securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain securities may be called or prepaid with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single date are allocated based on weighted average life.
Contractual Maturity
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 31, 2013 | | December 31, 2012 |
(In millions) | Cost or Amortized Cost | | Estimated Fair Value | | Cost or Amortized Cost | | Estimated Fair Value |
Due in one year or less | $ | 1,783 |
| | $ | 1,819 |
| | $ | 1,648 |
| | $ | 1,665 |
|
Due after one year through five years | 12,916 |
| | 13,731 |
| | 13,603 |
| | 14,442 |
|
Due after five years through ten years | 9,430 |
| | 10,267 |
| | 8,726 |
| | 9,555 |
|
Due after ten years | 14,341 |
| | 16,919 |
| | 14,164 |
| | 16,942 |
|
Total | $ | 38,470 |
| | $ | 42,736 |
| | $ | 38,141 |
| | $ | 42,604 |
|
Investment Commitments
As of March 31, 2013, the Company had committed approximately $247 million to future capital calls from various third-party limited partnership investments in exchange for an ownership interest in the related partnerships.
As of March 31, 2013, the Company had mortgage loan commitments of $29 million representing signed loan applications received and accepted.
The Company invests in various privately placed debt securities, including bank loans, as part of its overall investment strategy and has committed to additional future purchases, sales and funding. As of March 31, 2013, the Company had commitments to purchase or fund additional amounts of $167 million and sell $210 million under the terms of such securities.
Note D. Derivative Financial Instruments
A summary of the recognized gains (losses) related to derivative financial instruments follows.
Recognized Gains (Losses)
|
| | | | | | | |
Three months ended March 31 | | | |
(In millions) | 2013 | | 2012 |
Without hedge designation | | | |
Currency forwards | $ | 2 |
| | $ | (1 | ) |
Total without hedge designation | 2 |
| | (1 | ) |
Trading activities | | | |
Futures sold, not yet purchased | — |
| | 1 |
|
Total | $ | 2 |
| | $ | — |
|
Gross estimated fair values of derivative positions are presented in Other invested assets and Other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. There would be no significant difference in the balance included in such accounts if the estimated fair values were presented net for the periods ended March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The contractual or notional amounts for derivatives are used to calculate the exchange of contractual payments under the agreements and may not be representative of the potential for gain or loss on these instruments.
Derivative Financial Instruments
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2013 | Contractual/ Notional Amount | | Estimated Fair Value |
(In millions) | | Asset | | (Liability) |
Without hedge designation | | | | | |
Credit default swaps - purchased protection | $ | 20 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1 | ) |
Currency forwards | 43 |
| | 1 |
| | — |
|
Forward commitments for mortgage-backed securities | 78 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Equity warrants | 5 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Total | $ | 146 |
| | $ | 1 |
| | $ | (1 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2012 | Contractual/ Notional Amount | | Estimated Fair Value |
(In millions) | | Asset | | (Liability) |
Without hedge designation | | | | | |
Credit default swaps - purchased protection | $ | 20 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1 | ) |
Currency forwards | 59 |
| | — |
| | (2 | ) |
Equity warrants | 5 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Total | $ | 84 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (3 | ) |
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, new derivative transactions entered into totaled $604 million in notional value while derivative termination activity totaled $542 million. This activity was primarily attributable to forward commitments for mortgage-backed securities, interest rate futures and foreign currency forwards. During the three months ended March 31, 2012, new derivative transactions entered into totaled $332 million in notional value while derivative termination activity totaled $321 million. This activity was primarily attributable to interest rate futures and foreign currency forwards.
Note E. Fair Value
Fair value is the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy is used in selecting inputs, with the highest priority given to Level 1, as these are the most transparent or reliable.
Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.
Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are not observable.
Prices may fall within Level 1, 2 or 3 depending upon the methodologies and inputs used to estimate fair value for each specific security. Prices are determined by a dedicated group who ultimately report to the Company's CFO. This group is responsible for valuation policies and procedures. In general the Company seeks to price securities using third-party pricing services. Securities not priced by pricing services are submitted to independent brokers for valuation and, if those are not available, internally developed pricing models are used to value assets using methodologies and inputs the Company believes market participants would use to value the assets.
The Company performs control procedures over information obtained from pricing services and brokers to ensure prices received represent a reasonable estimate of fair value and to confirm representations regarding whether inputs are observable or unobservable. Procedures include i) the review of pricing service or broker pricing methodologies, ii) back-testing, where past fair value estimates are compared to actual transactions executed in the market on similar dates, iii) exception reporting, where changes in price, period-over-period, are reviewed and challenged with the pricing service or broker based on exception criteria, iv) deep dives, where the Company independently validates detailed information regarding inputs and assumptions for individual securities and v) pricing validation, where prices received are compared to prices independently estimated by the Company.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
March 31, 2013 | | | | | | | Total Assets/(Liabilities) at Fair Value |
(In millions) | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 32 |
| | $ | 22,020 |
| | $ | 302 |
| | $ | 22,354 |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | — |
| | 10,819 |
| | 129 |
| | 10,948 |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | |
Residential mortgage-backed | — |
| | 5,233 |
| | 450 |
| | 5,683 |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | — |
| | 1,813 |
| | 177 |
| | 1,990 |
|
Other asset-backed | — |
| | 559 |
| | 396 |
| | 955 |
|
Total asset-backed | — |
| | 7,605 |
| | 1,023 |
| | 8,628 |
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | 155 |
| | 26 |
| | — |
| | 181 |
|
Foreign government | 104 |
| | 448 |
| | — |
| | 552 |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 51 |
| | 59 |
| | 26 |
| | 136 |
|
Total fixed maturity securities | 342 |
| | 40,977 |
| | 1,480 |
| | 42,799 |
|
Equity securities | 120 |
| | 62 |
| | 19 |
| | 201 |
|
Other invested assets | — |
| | 49 |
| | — |
| | 49 |
|
Short term investments | 1,102 |
| | 397 |
| | 5 |
| | 1,504 |
|
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets | — |
| | — |
| | 95 |
| | 95 |
|
Separate account business | 11 |
| | 266 |
| | 2 |
| | 279 |
|
Total assets | $ | 1,575 |
| | $ | 41,751 |
| | $ | 1,601 |
| | $ | 44,927 |
|
Liabilities | | | | | |
| | |
|
Derivative financial instruments, included in Other liabilities | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | (1 | ) |
Total liabilities | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | (1 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2012 | | | | | | | Total Assets/(Liabilities) at Fair Value |
(In millions) | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | |
Assets | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 6 |
| | $ | 22,011 |
| | $ | 219 |
| | $ | 22,236 |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | — |
| | 10,687 |
| | 96 |
| | 10,783 |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | |
|
Residential mortgage-backed | — |
| | 5,507 |
| | 413 |
| | 5,920 |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | — |
| | 1,693 |
| | 129 |
| | 1,822 |
|
Other asset-backed | — |
| | 584 |
| | 368 |
| | 952 |
|
Total asset-backed | — |
| | 7,784 |
| | 910 |
| | 8,694 |
|
U.S. Treasury and obligations of government-sponsored enterprises | 158 |
| | 24 |
| | — |
| | 182 |
|
Foreign government | 140 |
| | 473 |
| | — |
| | 613 |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 40 |
| | 59 |
| | 26 |
| | 125 |
|
Total fixed maturity securities | 344 |
| | 41,038 |
| | 1,251 |
| | 42,633 |
|
Equity securities | 117 |
| | 98 |
| | 34 |
| | 249 |
|
Other invested assets | — |
| | 58 |
| | 1 |
| | 59 |
|
Short term investments | 987 |
| | 799 |
| | 6 |
| | 1,792 |
|
Life settlement contracts, included in Other assets | — |
| | — |
| | 100 |
| | 100 |
|
Separate account business | 4 |
| | 306 |
| | 2 |
| | 312 |
|
Total assets | $ | 1,452 |
| | $ | 42,299 |
| | $ | 1,394 |
| | $ | 45,145 |
|
Liabilities | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|
Derivative financial instruments, included in Other liabilities | $ | — |
| | $ | (2 | ) | | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | (3 | ) |
Total liabilities | $ | — |
| | $ | (2 | ) | | $ | (1 | ) | | $ | (3 | ) |
The tables below present a reconciliation for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 (In millions) | Balance at January 1, 2013 | | Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)* | | Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in other comprehensive income (loss) | | Purchases | | Sales | | Settlements | | Transfers into Level 3 | | Transfers out of Level 3 | | Balance at March 31, 2013 | | Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held at March 31, 2013 recognized in net income (loss)* |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 219 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 2 |
| | $ | 110 |
| | $ | (17 | ) | | $ | (20 | ) | | $ | 26 |
| | $ | (18 | ) | | $ | 302 |
| | $ | (1 | ) |
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 96 |
| | (3 | ) | | — |
| | 85 |
| | (47 | ) | | (2 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 129 |
| | — |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 413 |
| | 3 |
| | — |
| | 61 |
| | — |
| | (11 | ) | | — |
| | (16 | ) | | 450 |
| | — |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | 129 |
| | 1 |
| | 5 |
| | 73 |
| | — |
| | (7 | ) | | — |
| | (24 | ) | | 177 |
| | — |
|
Other asset-backed | 368 |
| | 3 |
| | 1 |
| | 136 |
| | (99 | ) | | (13 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 396 |
| | — |
|
Total asset-backed | 910 |
| | 7 |
| | 6 |
| | 270 |
| | (99 | ) | | (31 | ) | | — |
| | (40 | ) | | 1,023 |
| | — |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | 26 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 26 |
| | — |
|
Total fixed maturity securities | 1,251 |
| | 4 |
| | 8 |
| | 465 |
| | (163 | ) | | (53 | ) | | 26 |
| | (58 | ) | | 1,480 |
| | (1 | ) |
Equity securities | 34 |
| | (15 | ) | | 1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (1 | ) | | 19 |
| | (15 | ) |
Other invested assets, including derivatives, net | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
|
Short term investments | 6 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 5 |
| | — |
|
Life settlement contracts | 100 |
| | 7 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (12 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 95 |
| | — |
|
Separate account business | 2 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 2 |
| | — |
|
Total | $ | 1,393 |
| | $ | (4 | ) | | $ | 9 |
| | $ | 465 |
| | $ | (165 | ) | | $ | (65 | ) | | $ | 26 |
| | $ | (59 | ) | | $ | 1,600 |
| | $ | (16 | ) |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Level 3 (In millions) | Balance at January 1, 2012 | | Net realized investment gains (losses) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in net income (loss)* | | Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) included in other comprehensive income (loss) | | Purchases | | Sales | | Settlements | | Transfers into Level 3 | | Transfers out of Level 3 | | Balance at March 31, 2012 | | Unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets and liabilities held at March 31, 2012 recognized in net income (loss)* |
Fixed maturity securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate and other bonds | $ | 482 |
| | $ | 3 |
| | $ | 4 |
| | $ | 79 |
| | $ | (86 | ) | | $ | (19 | ) | | $ | 33 |
| | $ | (10 | ) | | $ | 486 |
| | $ | — |
|
States, municipalities and political subdivisions | 171 |
| | — |
| | 2 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 173 |
| | — |
|
Asset-backed: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
Residential mortgage-backed | 452 |
| | 1 |
| | (4 | ) | | 38 |
| | — |
| | (7 | ) | | — |
| | (33 | ) | | 447 |
| | — |
|
Commercial mortgage-backed | 59 |
| | — |
| | 4 |
| | 42 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 105 |
| | — |
|
Other asset-backed | 343 |
| | 4 |
| | 4 |
| | 176 |
| | (77 | ) | | (25 | ) | | — |
| | (41 | ) | | 384 |
| | — |
|
Total asset-backed | 854 |
| | 5 |
| | 4 |
| | 256 |
| | (77 | ) | | (32 | ) | | — |
| | (74 | ) | | 936 |
| | — |
|
Redeemable preferred stock | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 53 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 53 |
| | — |
|
Total fixed maturity securities | 1,507 |
| | 8 |
| | 10 |
| | 388 |
| | (163 | ) | | (51 | ) | | 33 |
| | (84 | ) | | 1,648 |
| | — |
|
Equity securities | 67 |
| | — |
| | (3 | ) | | 11 |
| | (1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 74 |
| | (2 | ) |
Other invested assets, including derivatives, net | 10 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 10 |
| | — |
|
Short term investments | 27 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 12 |
| | — |
| | (39 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Life settlement contracts | 117 |
| | 3 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (5 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | 115 |
| | (1 | ) |
Separate account business | 23 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (19 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 4 |
| | — |
|
Total | $ | 1,751 |
| | $ | 11 |
| | $ | 7 |
| | $ | 411 |
| | $ | (183 | ) | | $ | (95 | ) | | $ | 33 |
| | $ | (84 | ) | | $ | 1,851 |
| | $ | (3 | ) |
* Net realized and unrealized gains and losses shown above are reported in Net income (loss) as follows:
|
| | |
Major Category of Assets and Liabilities | | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Line Items |
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale | | Net realized investment gains (losses) |
Fixed maturity securities trading | | Net investment income |
Equity securities | | Net realized investment gains (losses) |
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments held in a trading portfolio | | Net investment income |
Other invested assets - Derivative financial instruments not held in a trading portfolio | | Net realized investment gains (losses) |
Other invested assets - Overseas deposits | | Net investment income |
Life settlement contracts | | Other revenues |
Securities shown in the Level 3 tables on the previous pages may be transferred in or out of Level 3 based on the availability of observable market information used to determine the fair value of the security. The availability of observable market information varies based on market conditions and trading volume and may cause securities to move in and out of Level 3 from reporting period to reporting period. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three months ended March 31, 2013 or 2012. The Company's policy is to recognize transfers between levels at the beginning of quarterly reporting periods.
Valuation Methodologies and Inputs
The following section describes the valuation methodologies and relevant inputs used to measure different financial instruments at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the instruments are generally classified.
Fixed Maturity Securities
Fixed maturity securities are valued using methodologies that model information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, as well as discounted cash flow methodologies. Common inputs include: prices from recently executed transactions of similar securities, broker/dealer quotes, benchmark yields, spreads off benchmark yields, interest rates, and U.S. Treasury or swap curves. Specifically for asset-backed securities, key inputs include prepayment and default projections based on past performance of the underlying collateral and current market data.
Level 1 securities include exchange traded bonds, highly liquid U.S. and foreign government bonds, and redeemable preferred stock, valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities include most other fixed maturity securities as the significant inputs are observable in the marketplace. Securities are generally assigned to Level 3 in cases where broker/dealer quotes are significant inputs to the valuation and there is a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace. Level 3 securities also include tax-exempt auction rate certificates and private placement debt securities. Fair value of auction rate securities is determined utilizing a pricing model with three primary inputs. The interest rate and spread inputs are observable from like instruments while the expected call date assumption is unobservable due to the uncertain nature of principal prepayments prior to maturity and the credit spread adjustment that is security specific. Fair value of certain private placement debt securities is determined using internal models with inputs that are not market observable.
Equity Securities
Level 1 equity securities include publicly traded securities valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities are primarily non-redeemable preferred stocks and common stocks valued using pricing for similar securities, recently executed transactions, broker/dealer quotes and other pricing models utilizing market observable inputs. Level 3 securities are priced using internal models with inputs that are not market observable.
Other Invested Assets
Level 1 securities include exchange traded derivatives, primarily futures, valued using quoted market prices. Level 2 securities include overseas deposits, which can be redeemed at net asset value in 90 days or less, and derivatives, primarily currency forwards valued using observable market forward rates. Over-the-counter derivatives, principally interest rate swaps, total return swaps, credit default swaps, equity warrants and options, are valued using inputs including broker/dealer quotes and are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy due to a lack of transparency as to whether these quotes are based on information that is observable in the marketplace.
Short Term Investments
Securities that are actively traded or have quoted prices are classified as Level 1. These securities include money market funds and treasury bills. Level 2 primarily includes commercial paper, for which all inputs are market observable. Fixed maturity securities purchased within one year of maturity are classified consistent with fixed maturity securities discussed above. Short term investments as presented in the tables above differ from the amounts presented on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets because certain short term investments, such as time deposits, are not measured at fair value.
Life Settlement Contracts
The fair values of life settlement contracts are determined as the present value of the anticipated death benefits less anticipated premium payments based on contract terms that are distinct for each insured, as well as the Company's own assumptions for mortality, premium expense, and the rate of return that a buyer would require on the contracts, as no comparable market pricing data is available.
Separate Account Business
Separate account business includes fixed maturity securities, equities and short term investments. The valuation methodologies and inputs for these asset types have been described above.
Significant Unobservable Inputs
The table below presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs utilized by the Company in the fair value measurements of Level 3 assets. Valuations for assets and liabilities not presented in the table below are primarily based on broker/dealer quotes for which there is a lack of transparency as to inputs used to develop the valuations. The quantitative detail of these unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably available to the Company.
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Assets (In millions) | Fair Value at March 31, 2013 | | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Input(s) | | Range (Weighted Average) |
Fixed maturity securities | $ | 78 |
| | Discounted cash flow | | Expected call date | | 3.0 - 4.6 years (4.0 years) |
| | | | | Credit spread adjustment | | 0.02% - 0.48% (0.17%) |
| $ | 97 |
| | Market approach | | Private offering price | | $34.70 - $122.09 ($102.97) |
Equity securities | $ | 19 |
| | Market approach | | Private offering price | | $33.73 - $3,970.99 per share
($1,114.32 per share) |
Life settlement contracts | $ | 95 |
| | Discounted cash flow | | Discount rate risk premium | | 9% |
| | | | | Mortality assumption | | 69% - 883% (209.2%) |
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Assets (In millions) | Fair Value at December 31, 2012 | | Valuation Technique(s) | | Unobservable Input(s) | | Range (Weighted Average) |
Fixed maturity securities | $ | 121 |
| | Discounted cash flow | | Expected call date | | 3.3 - 5.3 years (4.3 years) |
| | | | | Credit spread adjustment | | 0.02% - 0.48% (0.17%) |
| $ | 72 |
| | Market approach | | Private offering price | | $42.39 - $102.32 ($100.11) |
Equity securities | $ | 34 |