As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 6, 2004.
                                       Registration No. 333-____________________
================================================================================

                                  UNITED STATES
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM F-3
                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                                      UNDER
                           THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

                             COMMTOUCH SOFTWARE LTD.
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

            Israel                                             Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of                               (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)                               Identification No.)

                                1A Hazoran Street
                      Poleg Industrial Park, P.O. Box 8511
                              Netanya 42504, Israel
                               011-972-9-863-6888
               (Address, including zip code and telephone number,
        including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

                               c/o Commtouch Inc.
                     Devyani Patel, Vice President, Finance
                         1300 Crittenden Lane, Ste. 103
                         Mountain View, California 94043
                                 (650) 864-2000
            (Name, address, including zip code and telephone number,
                   including area code, of agent for service)

                                   Copies to:

Lior O. Nuchi            Gary Davis                      Aaron M. Lampert
Venrice R. Palmer        General Counsel & Secretary     Naschitz, Brandes & Co.
Bingham McCutchen LLP    Commtouch Inc.                  5 Tuval Street
Three Embarcadero Center 1300 Crittenden Lane, Suite 103 Tel Aviv 67897 Israel
San Francisco, CA 94111  Mountain View, CA 94043         Tel: 972-3-623-5000
Tel:(415) 393-2000       Tel: (650) 864-2290             Fax: 972-3-623-5005
Fax:(415) 393-2286       Fax: (650) 864-2006

Approximate  date of  commencement of the proposed sale of the securities to the
public: From time to time after the Registration Statement becomes effective.

         If the only securities  being registered on this Form are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest  reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. |_|

         If any of the  securities  being  registered  on  this  Form  are to be
offered  on a  delayed  or  continuous  basis  pursuant  to Rule 415  under  the
Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box. |X|

         If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box
and list  the  Securities  Act  registration  statement  number  of the  earlier
effective registration statement for the same offering. |_|

         If this  Form is a  post-effective  amendment  filed  pursuant  to Rule
462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities
Act  registration   statement  number  of  the  earlier  effective  registration
statement for the same offering. |_|

         If delivery of the  prospectus  is expected to be made pursuant to Rule
434, please check the following box. |_|

         The Registrant hereby amends this  Registration  Statement on such date
or dates as may be necessary to delay its  effective  date until the  Registrant
shall file a further amendment which specifically  states that this Registration
Statement shall  thereafter  become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of
the  Securities  Act of 1933 or until the  Registration  Statement  shall become
effective on such date as the Commission,  acting pursuant to said Section 8(a),
may determine.



Calculation of Registration Fee



====================================================================================================================================
                                                      Proposed
                  Title of Each Class                  Maximum           Proposed
                     of Securities                  Amount to be      Aggregate Price     Maximum Aggregate        Amount of
                   To Be Registered                 Registered(1)       Per Unit(2)        Offering Price     Registration Fee(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                        
ordinary shares, NIS 0.05 nominal value per share     4,162,479           $0.79              $3,288,358             $302.53
====================================================================================================================================


(1) Represents  shares being  registered for resale by the holders (the "Selling
Securityholders")  of Ordinary  Shares and  associated  warrants for purchase of
Ordinary Shares of the Company, pursuant to an agreement between the Company and
Selling Securityholders, as follows: (i) 3,382,479 Ordinary Shares, representing
130% of shares  issuable  upon the  conversion of debt to equity in the Company;
(ii) 780,000 Ordinary Shares, representing 130% of shares issuable upon exercise
of the  associated  warrants held by the Selling  Securityholders;  and (iii) an
indeterminable number of additional Ordinary Shares,  pursuant to Rule 416 under
the Securities Act of 1933 that may be issued to prevent dilution resulting from
stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions affecting the shares to be
offered by the Selling Securityholders.

(2) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration
fee  pursuant to Rule 457(c)  based on the average of the high and low prices of
the Company's  ordinary  shares as reported on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market System
on December 30, 2003.

(3)  The  Registrant  initially  filed a  Registration  Statement  on  Form  F-1
(Registration  No.  333-31836)  on March 6, 2000 (the "Form  F-1"),  to register
certain  offers  and  sales  of  its  ordinary  shares  as  set  forth  in  that
Registration  Statement.  Subsequently,  the Registrant withdrew the Form F-1 on
April 12, 2000. The Registrant is filing this Registration Statement on Form F-3
to register  the reoffer and resale of the  securities  indicated  on this cover
page. A registration fee of $49,468.00 was paid in connection with the filing of
the Form F-1. Pursuant to Rule 457(p),  the aggregate total dollar amount of the
filing  fee  associated  with  the  unsold  ordinary  shares  under  the F-1 has
previously  been  offset by the filing  fees in the  amounts of (a)  $119.80 for
Registration  Statement on Form S-8 No.  333-65532  filed on July 20, 2001;  (b)
$158.24 for Registration Statement on Form F-3 No. 333-68248 filed on August 24,
2001; (c) $104.45 for Registration  Statement on Form F-3 No. 333-88248 filed on
May 15, 2002; (d) $687.66 for Registration  Statement on Form F-3 No. 333-109837
filed on October 20, 2003;  and (e) $824.58 for  Registration  Statement on Form
F-3  No.  333-111731  filed  on  January  6,  2004 . The  remaining  balance  of
$47,573.27 is being further  offset by the filing fee due for this  Registration
Statement.

================================================================================



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                   PROSPECTUS

                             Commtouch Software Ltd.

                            4,162,479 Ordinary Shares

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

         Private Placement of Convertible Notes and Warrants

         As we describe further below under "Plan of Distribution,"  the Selling
Securityholders identified in this prospectus are selling up to 4,162,479 of our
ordinary shares, 600,000 of which underlie warrants. The warrants themselves are
not being offered by this prospectus.  The Selling Securityholders  acquired the
ordinary  shares  from the  Company in a private  placement  (convertible  loan)
entered into on November 26, 2003. The ordinary  shares offered hereby have been
registered   pursuant   to   registration   rights   granted   to  the   Selling
Securityholders  by the Company.  These  securities  may be offered from time to
time by the Selling Securityholders  through public or private transactions,  on
or off the Nasdaq SmallCap Market,  at prevailing  market prices or at privately
negotiated prices. The Selling  Securityholders will receive all of the proceeds
from  this  offering  and  will  pay  all  underwriting  discounts  and  selling
commissions,  if any, applicable to the sale of the securities.  The Company has
agreed to indemnify the Selling  Securityholders  against  certain  liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act.

         The ordinary  shares are being  offered by the Selling  Securityholders
subject to prior sale,  subject to their  right to reject  offers in whole or in
part and subject to certain other conditions.

         The Selling  Securityholders may be deemed to be "underwriters"  within
the meaning of the Securities Act and any profits realized by them may be deemed
to be  underwriting  commissions.  Any  broker-dealers  that  participate in the
distribution  of  ordinary  shares also may be deemed to be  "underwriters,"  as
defined in the Securities Act, and any commissions or discounts paid to them, or
any profits realized by them upon the resale of any securities purchased by them
as principals,  may be deemed to be underwriting  commissions or discounts under
the Securities Act. The sale of the ordinary shares is subject to the prospectus
delivery requirements of the Securities Act.

         Our ordinary shares are currently  traded on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market
under the symbol  "CTCH." On January 5, 2004 the last reported sales price of an
ordinary share on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market was $0.89 per share.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     This investment involves risk. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 7.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Neither  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  nor  any  state  securities
commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus  is truthful or  complete.  Any  representation  to the contrary is a
criminal offense.

                 The date of this Prospectus is _________, 2004



                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                            Page
                                                                            ----

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information...........................  1
Summary .....................................................................  2
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects ................................  3
Risk Factors ................................................................  7
Capitalization and Indebtedness ............................................. 16
The Offer and Listing........................................................ 17
Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds ................................... 18
Selling Securityholders ..................................................... 18
Shares Eligible for Future Sale ............................................. 22
Plan of Distribution......................................................... 23
Legal Matters ............................................................... 25
Experts ..................................................................... 25
Where You Can Find More Information ......................................... 25
Information Incorporated by Reference ....................................... 26
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities ......................................... 26



               SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This document contains forward-looking  statements,  including projections about
our  business,  within  the  meaning of Section  27A of the  Securities  Act and
Section 21E of the Securities  Exchange Act of 1934. For example,  statements in
the future  tense,  and  statements  including  words such as "expect,"  "plan,"
"intend," "seek," "estimate," anticipate," and "believe" and similar expressions
are  forward-looking  statements.  These  statements  are  based on  information
available to us at the time of the  preparation of this  document;  we assume no
obligation  to update  any of them,  to the extent  that we are not so  required
under  applicable  law. The  statements in this  document are not  guarantees of
future  performance and actual results could differ  materially from our current
expectations as a result of numerous factors,  including business conditions and
growth or  deterioration  in our market,  commerce and the general  economy both
domestic   as  well  as   international;   fewer   than   expected   new-partner
relationships;  competitive  factors including pricing pressures;  technological
developments,  and products  offered by  competitors;  the adoption of new legal
penalties which may discourage the  distribution of unsolicited  email messages;
availability of qualified staff for expansion;  and  technological  difficulties
and resource constraints encountered in developing new products as well as those
risks  described  below and in the  Company's  Annual  Reports  on Form 20-F and
reports on Form 6-K, which are available through www.sec.gov.


                                        1



                                     SUMMARY

We are a provider of anti-spam  solutions to enterprise  customers.  The Company
offers its anti-spam  solutions to small, medium and large enterprises through a
variety  of  distribution  channels,   namely  various  reseller  channels.  The
solutions are also available for integration with security,  content  filtering,
anti-virus  and  other  filtering  solutions  through  alliances  and  strategic
partnerships. A combination of proprietary and patent-pending technologies makes
it possible for  Commtouch to detect,  alert and block most spam attacks as they
are distributed over the Internet.

Our  anti-spam  solution  consists of both a software  element (the  "Enterprise
Gateway") and a service  component  (the "Service  Center").  At the  Enterprise
Gateway,  messages  are  filtered at the  customer  organization's  entry point,
before being distributed to recipients, with added user-level controls and a top
level of secure spam detection  services from the Service  Center,  all allowing
for real-time reaction to worldwide spam attacks.  At the heart of the solution,
however,  is the Service Center,  which detects new spam attacks as soon as they
are launched and  distributed  over the Internet.  The Service  Center  provides
real-time  spam  detection  services  to  enterprise  customers  by  maintaining
constant  communication  with Enterprise  Gateways that are locally installed at
customer premises in different locations worldwide.  The Service Center collects
information  from multiple  sources  about new spam attacks,  analyzes the input
using  Commtouch  patent-pending   technology,   identifies  and  detects  spam,
classifies the data, matches its stored information  against outstanding queries
for spam detection from Enterprise Gateways and replies in real-time back to the
Enterprise  Gateways  with a  prioritized  and  accurate  resolution.  The whole
process  takes no more  than  300ms.  Enterprise  privacy  is kept at a  maximum
because  the  content of  incoming  email  messages  is not seen by the  Service
Center.

In particular,  the Commtouch anti-spam solution operates to help eliminate spam
as follows:

      Inbound  email enters the  Enterprise  Gateway,  a software  add-on to the
      enterprise SMTP server.

      The Enterprise  Gateway  matches key  characteristics  of the message with
      predefined spam policies created by IT managers or end-users.

      If the solution does not match the message to a known source,  either spam
      or non-spam,  it compares  characteristics of the incoming message against
      the Enterprise Gateway database of recently identified spam.

      If the message  remains  suspicious,  but cannot be confirmed as spam, the
      Enterprise  Gateway  queries the Service  Center for remote spam detection
      and classification services.

      The outgoing query  consists of encrypted  digital  signatures  taken from
      e-mail   header   information   to   ensure   enterprise    security   and
      confidentiality.

      The Service Center weighs the values of the outstanding  query against its
      vast  database of  real-time  information  about known spam  messages  and
      sources of spam, and replies to the  Enterprise  Gateway with a unique and
      up-to-date classification.

      The Enterprise  Gateway applies a locally predefined action to the message
      and may store the  information  internally  to match  against new incoming
      messages bearing similar characteristics.

We also offer a Software  Development Kit ("SDK").  The SDK enables  third-party
vendors to integrate  the Commtouch  anti-spam  solution  advantages  into their
existing  offerings,  providing  them  with full  spam  identification  and spam
classification  services from the Service  Center.  These  vendors  benefit from
Commtouch  expertise in blocking spam and other unwanted  email traffic  without
the  need to  develop  and  dedicate  a  service  department  in-house.  The SDK
communicates fully with the remote Service Center,  receiving results to queries
about  suspicious  messages and acting according to set policies on the customer
side.  Each such vendor has the  flexibility  to determine how best to integrate
the SDK  results  into  their  solution.  For  example,  if the  Service  Center
classifies a specific  message as spam, the vendor's  application may respond by
either   quarantining  the  message,   rejecting  it  completely  or  sending  a
bounce-back  message to its sender or any other option  provided by the vendor's
specific application.

The SDK consists of a set of APIs,  which  receive  characteristics  of incoming
messages as input from the  vendor's  application,  returning  the status of the
message  as  output  from the  Service  Center.  The  vendor  has the  option of
installing an API, which returns a deterministic  result classifying messages as
either spam or non-spam,  or using an API that classifies

                                       2



messages based on the level of suspicion  that the message is spam.  Each vendor
can  implement  its solution  differently,  making the unique  advantages of SDK
flexible to match particular needs.

Products that may benefit from integration of the SDK solution include:

      o    Anti-virus applications
      o    Content filtering solutions
      o    Firewall systems
      o    Security servers
      o    Other network appliances

Office Location

Our  principal  executive  offices  are  located  at 1A  Hazoran  Street,  Poleg
Industrial  Park,  Netanya  42504,   Israel,   where  our  telephone  number  is
011-972-9-863-6888,  and our wholly owned subsidiary, Commtouch Inc., is located
at 1300 Crittenden  Lane, Suite 103,  Mountain View,  California  94043,  with a
telephone number of (650) 864-2000. Our website address is www.commtouch.com.

                  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following  discussion  should be read in conjunction  with the  Consolidated
Financial  Statements and the Notes thereto  included  elsewhere in this report.
This  discussion   contains   forward-looking   statements  based  upon  current
expectations  that involve risks and  uncertainties.  Any  statements  contained
herein  that  are  not  statements  of  historical  fact  may  be  deemed  to be
forward-looking  statements.  For example,  the words "expects,"  "anticipates,"
"believes,"  "intends," "plans," "seeks" and "estimates" and similar expressions
are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  Commtouch's actual results
and the timing of certain events may differ  significantly  from those projected
in the  forward-looking  statements.  Factors that might cause future results to
differ  materially  from  those  projected  in  the  forward-looking  statements
include, but are not limited to, those set forth elsewhere in this report.

Overview

During 2002,  our main business was providing  outsourced  integrated  Web-based
email and  messaging  solutions to a few  businesses  that remained as customers
following the transfer of our consumer  outsource  web-based  email business and
sale of our Hosted  Exchange email  business  during late 2001 and early 2002 in
transactions with MailCentro Inc. and Telecomputing,  Inc. respectively.  During
early  2002,  concurrent  with the  divestiture  of the  Company's  above-stated
businesses,  the Company  began  marketing to service  providers  its  messaging
software platform ("CMP"), which had been in development by the Company prior to
that time. Following a concerted effort to penetrate the email server market and
a determination that the continuing unfavorable economic conditions would hamper
potential sales of CMP, and given the Company's  inherent knowledge of anti-spam
solutions  based on its many years as an ASP in the outsourced  email market and
the growing  worldwide  attention that has been directed to the problem of spam,
the Company transitioned its focus to the anti-spam market in mid-2002. While no
uniform  definition of spam exists,  the Company generally defines "spam" as the
sending of unsolicited  bulk email for commercial and  non-commercial  purposes.
The Company first  generated  revenue from the anti-spam  solutions in the three
months ended September 30, 2003.

In February 2002, the Company sold off its migration service  business,  Wingra,
to Wingra's  senior  management.  The operations of Wingra have been  eliminated
from the operations of the entity as a result of the disposal  transaction.  The
Company has no intent to continue its activity in the migration service.

The results of operations including revenue, operating expenses and other income
and expense of Wingra for the nine months ended 2002 have been  reclassified  in
the accompanying statements of operations as discontinued operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Operating  and  Financial  Review and  Prospects  are based  upon the  Company's
consolidated  financial statements,  which have been prepared in accordance with
accounting  principles  generally accepted in the United States. The preparation
of  these
                                       3




financial  statements  requires  management to make estimates and judgments that
affect the reported  amounts of assets,  liabilities,  revenues and expenses and
related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management believes the
critical  accounting  policies  and  areas  that  require  the most  significant
judgments  and  estimates  to be used  in the  preparation  of the  consolidated
financial statements are revenue recognition and commitments and contingencies.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when the earnings process is complete,  as evidenced by an
agreement  between the customer and the company,  when  delivery has occurred or
services  have been  rendered,  when the fee is fixed or  determinable  and when
collection is probable. The recognition of revenue in conformity with accounting
principles  generally accepted in the United States requires the company to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue. Estimates
related to the  recognition  of revenue  include the  accumulated  provision for
revenues  subject  to  refund  and  other.  As  additional  information  becomes
available,  or actual  amounts are  determinable,  the  recorded  estimates  are
revised. Consequently, current operating results can be affected by revisions to
prior accounting estimates.

Allowance for doubtful accounts and promissory notes

We maintain  allowances  for  doubtful  accounts for  estimated  losses from our
customers'  inability to make payments they owe us and for estimated losses from
our former employees inability to pay amounts guaranteed by promissory notes. In
order to estimate the appropriate level of this allowance, we analyze historical
bad debts, customer concentrations, current customer credit-worthiness,  current
economic trends and changes in our customer payment  patterns.  If the financial
condition of our  customers/employees  were to  deteriorate  and to impair their
ability to make  payments  to us,  additional  allowances  might be  required in
future periods.

Impairment of long-lived assets

We assess the fair value and  recoverability  of our long-lived  assets whenever
events and  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value of an asset may not be
recoverable from estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and
eventual  disposition.  In doing so, we make assumptions and estimates regarding
future cash flows and other factors to make our determination. The fair value of
our  long-lived  assets is  dependent  upon the  forecasted  performance  of our
business, changes in our industry and the overall economic environment.  When we
determine that the carrying value of our long-lived  assets and goodwill may not
be  recoverable,  we measure any impairment  based upon a forecasted  discounted
cash  flow  method.  If  these  forecasts  are not met,  we may  have to  record
additional impairment charges not previously recognized.

During  2002,  we  performed an  assessment  of the our property and  equipment,
pursuant  to SFAS No.  No.144  "Accounting  for the  Impairment  or  Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets"   "SFAS No.144"), whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  may  not  be  recoverable.
Recoverability  of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the
carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be
generated  by the assets.  If such assets are  considered  to be  impaired,  the
impairment  to be  recognized  is measured  by the amount by which the  carrying
amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed
of by sale are reported at the lower of the  carrying  amount or fair value less
costs to sell.  For the year ended  December  31,  2002 the  Company  recognized
impairment  losses  totaling $ 0.8  million,  which were  recorded as  operating
expenses.

Contingencies

Commtouch  periodically  records the  estimated  impacts of various  conditions,
situations  or  circumstances  involving  uncertain  outcomes.  These events are
called "contingencies", and Commtouch's accounting for such events is prescribed
by  Statement  of  Financial   Accounting   Standards  No.  5,  "Accounting  for
Contingencies" ("SFAS No. 5")

SFAS No. 5 defines a contingency as "an existing condition, situation, or set of
circumstances involving uncertainty as to possible gain or loss to an enterprise
that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to
occur."

SFAS  No.  5 does  not  permit  the  accrual  of gain  contingencies  under  any
circumstances.  For  loss  contingencies,  the  loss  must  be  accrued  if  (1)
information  is available  that  indicates it is probable that the loss has been
incurred,  given the likelihood of the uncertain future events; and (2) that the
amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.

The  accrual of a  contingency  involves  considerable  judgment  on the part of
management.  Commtouch uses its internal expertise, and outside experts (such as
lawyers,  tax  specialists and  engineers),  as necessary,  to help estimate the
probability

                                       4



that a loss has been incurred and the amount (or range) of the loss. The Company
has recorded  contingencies  in situations  where  management  determined it was
probable a loss had been incurred and the amount could be reasonably estimated.

Revenue Sources

Service Fees.  During 2000 - 2002, most of our email service  revenues  resulted
from  contracts  that  required  our  customers to pay us a monthly per emailbox
price  subject to a minimum  commitment  fee and fees for direct  marketing  and
communications  services. In addition, the Company recognized revenue from sales
of software  licenses to end users.  During that time, we recognized no revenues
from our new anti-spam offering. During the nine months ended September 30, 2003
the Company generated revenues mainly from email services.

Results of Operations




                                                                                                      Nine Months        Nine Months
                                                                                                        Ended                Ended
                                                                                                       Sept. 30,           Sept. 30,
                                                                                                         2003                 2002
                                                                                                       -------              -------
                                                                                                                      
Revenues .................................................................................             $   260              $ 2,801
Cost of revenues .........................................................................                 447                1,492
                                                                                                       -------              -------
Gross profit (loss) ......................................................................                (187)               1,309
                                                                                                       -------              -------
Operating expenses:
    Research and development, net ........................................................               1,095                1,724
    Sales and marketing ..................................................................               1,137                  986
    General and administrative ...........................................................               1,335                1,566
    Amortization of stock-based employee deferred compensation ...........................                 189                  414
                                                                                                       -------              -------
    Total operating expenses .............................................................               3,756                4,690
                                                                                                       -------              -------
Operating loss ...........................................................................              (3,943)              (3,381)
    Interest and other expense, net ......................................................                (283)                 (24)
    Equity  Income .......................................................................                 282                  (29)
    Minority interest ....................................................................                  --                   74
                                                                                                       -------              -------
    Loss from continuing operations ......................................................              (3,944)              (3,360)
                                                                                                       -------              -------
    Gain on disposal of Wingra ...........................................................                  --                1,014
    Discontinued operations - Wingra .....................................................                  --                 (335)
                                                                                                       -------              -------
Income from sale of discontinued operations ..............................................                  --                  679
                                                                                                       -------              -------
Net loss .................................................................................             $(3,944)             $(2,681)
                                                                                                       =======              =======


Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 --
(U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Revenues. Revenues decreased 91% from $2,801 for the nine-months ended September
30, 2002 to $260 for the same period in 2003. We recognized revenue of $225 from
the sale of licenses for the  nine-months  ended September 30, 2002 and none for
the same period in 2003. For the  nine-months  ended  September 30, 2003, 82% of
the revenues  were derived from three  customers  (35% from customer A, 32% from
customer B and 15% from  customer C). For the  nine-months  ended  September 30,
2002,  57% of the revenues were derived from two customers  (37% from customer A
and 20% from customer B).

Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues decreased 70% from $1,492 for the nine-months
ended  September 30, 2002 to $447 for the same period in 2003. We have decreased
our hosting  infrastructure  costs due to the agreement with MailCentro and sale
of the Hosted Exchange business.

                                       5



Research and Development,  Net. Research and development  expenses decreased 37%
from $1,724 for the nine-months  ended September 30, 2002 to $1,095 for the same
period in 2003 due to the decrease in personnel and other related costs. For the
nine-months  ended  September  30, 2002 and 2003,  we  received  royalty-bearing
grants totaling $145 and zero, respectively,  from the Israeli government, which
were  recorded as a reduction of research  and  development  costs.  The Israeli
government requires beneficiaries of such grants to pay royalties to the Israeli
government based on the revenues derived from the sale of products, technologies
and services developed with such grants.

Sales and Marketing.  Sales and marketing  expenses  increased 15% from $986 for
the nine-months  ended September 30, 2002 to $1,137 for the same period in 2003,
due to the increase in sales and marketing  efforts once the anti-spam  business
was  launched  in  late  June  2003.General  and  Administrative.   General  and
administrative  expenses  decreased  15% from $1,566 for the  nine-months  ended
September  30,  2002 to $1,335 for the same  period in 2003,  due  primarily  to
curtailment of costs.

Amortization  of Stock-Based  Employee  Deferred  Compensation.  Our stock-based
employee  deferred  compensation  expenses  decreased  54%  from  $414  for  the
nine-months  ended  September 30, 2002 to $189 for the same period in 2003.  The
deferred compensation is being amortized using the sum-of-digits method over the
vesting schedule,  generally four years. Amortization of these amounts concluded
during the third quarter of 2003. Deferred  compensation  expenses also included
$175 for the  nine-months  ended  September  30,  2002 and  2003,  respectively,
relating to the repricing of stock options during 2001.  The total  amortization
charge of $1.0 million  related to the  repricing  will be  amortized  using the
straight-line method over a three year vesting schedule.

Interest and Other Expense,  Net. Our interest and other expense, net, increased
from a net expense of $24 for the nine-months  ended September 30, 2002 to a net
expense of $283 for the  nine-months  ended September 30, 2003, due primarily to
decreased interest income earned from cash equivalents, as the funds depleted in
2002 and we entered  into the  convertible  loan  agreement,  which  accumulated
interest from the second quarter of 2003, mainly due to from amortization of the
convertible  loan  discount  (relating to related to the  beneficial  conversion
feature and fair value of issued warrants).

Minority  Interest.  Until June 30, 2002,  the Company  owned 70% of the equity,
since then, the Company's holding percentage  decreased to 32% of the equity and
voting rights of Imatrix (formerly known as Commtouch, K.K. (Japan)).

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have financed our operations from the issuance of equity securities and, to a
lesser extent from private loans, bank loans and research and development grants
from the Israeli  government.  In early 2003, we entered into a convertible loan
agreement, under which we raised approximately $1,250.

As of September 30, 2003, we had approximately $2,653 of cash to fund operations
for at least the next twelve months.  For the  nine-months  ended  September 30,
2003 and 2002,  we  utilized  $3,182 and  $2,709,  respectively  of cash to fund
operating losses. Net cash provided by financing  activities for the nine-months
ended  September  30,  2003 and  2002  were  approximately  $4,447  and  $1,320,
respectively,  mainly due to proceeds  from receipt of the  convertible  loan in
2003 and private placement funds in 2002.

In July 2003 Commtouch entered into a private  placement  agreement with several
existing and new investors. Commtouch issued approximately 2.88 million ordinary
shares against the investment of $1,440.

A private  placement was secured in late July 2003 according to which  Commtouch
issued  2,666,667  million ordinary shares against the investment in the company
of $1,600.

In November  2003, the lenders under the  convertible  loan agreement of January
2003  decided  to  convert  their  three  year loan of $1.25  million  (with 10%
interest  accruing  annually)  to equity in  Commtouch.  Provided  that  certain
closing  conditions are attained,  the Company will receive an additional $1,017
from the  lenders  due to their  exercise  of  warrants  relating  to the  early
conversion of the debt to equity.

On November 26, 2003, the Company signed on an agreement for a private placement
of $3 million  according to which Commtouch will issue senior  convertible notes
to the investors in the aggregate principal amount of $3,000,000. The notes will
carry  interest  at the rate of 8.0% per annum,  payable  quarterly  in cash and
maturing in 36 months.

                                       6



                                  RISK FACTORS

You should  carefully  consider the following  risk factors before you decide to
buy our ordinary shares.  You should also consider the other information in this
prospectus.  If  any  of the  following  risks  actually  occur,  our  business,
financial  condition,  operating  results  or cash  flows  could  be  materially
adversely affected. This could cause the trading price of our ordinary shares to
decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.  The risks described
below are not the only ones facing us.  Additional  risks not presently known to
us,  or  that we  currently  deem  immaterial,  may  also  impair  our  business
operations.

Business Risks

If the market does not respond favorably to our new anti-spam solutions, we will
fail to generate revenues.

Our success will depend on the acceptance and use of our anti-spam  solutions by
enterprise  customers.  We  cannot  estimate  the  size  or  growth  rate of the
potential  market for our  anti-spam  offerings.  If the  market  for  anti-spam
solutions fails to grow or grows more slowly than we currently  anticipate,  our
business will suffer dramatically.  Even if that market grows, our solutions may
not achieve broad market  acceptance.  Since we have only recently  released our
new anti-spam  solution for general  distribution,  we do not have experience to
evaluate  whether it will  achieve  broad  market  acceptance.  Also,  because a
preponderance  of our future revenue will be derived directly or indirectly from
our anti-spam solutions,  if that market does not grow, our business will likely
fail.

Our Business May be Adversely Affected as a Consequence of Legislation  Imposing
Legal Penalties On Distributors of Unsolicited Email

On December 16, 2003, President Bush signed into law the Controlling the Assault
of  Non-Solicited  Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003 (CAN-SPAM  Act),  which
establishes a framework of  administrative,  civil, and criminal tools to combat
spam.  The law  establishes  both civil and criminal  prohibitions  to assist in
deterring the most offensive forms of spam, including unmarked sexually-oriented
messages and e-mails containing  fraudulent  headers.  Under the law, senders of
email are  required to honor a request by a consumer  not to receive any further
unsolicited messages.

In  addition,  various  state  legislatures  have enacted  laws  regulating  the
distribution  of  unsolicited  email.  For  example,  new  California  junk mail
legislation  will become  effective  January 1, 2004 (Cal. Bus & Prof.  Code ss.
17529 et seq.,  approved Sept. 2003).  Unlike laws in most other states, the new
law  requires  recipients  to  "opt-in,"  either by direct  consent or through a
relationship with the advertiser,  before commercial e-mail may be sent to them.
Also, on December 11, 2003,  the state of Virginia  announced the nation's first
felony arrest made under an anti-spam statute.

Companies that send business-related e-mail messages from or to the countries in
the European  Union should be aware that each member state in the European Union
was  obligated  by  October  2003 to  implement  the  Electronic  Communications
Directive  that  imposes  restrictions  on the  use of  unsolicited  e-mail  for
commercial purposes.

These and similar  legal  measures may have the effect of reducing the amount of
unsolicited  email  that is  distributed  and  hence  diminish  the need for our
anti-spam  solution.  Any such developments  would have an adverse impact on our
revenues.

Dependence upon resellers and product concentration

The Company  expects that it will continue to be dependent  upon resellers for a
significant portion of its revenues.  If anticipated orders from these resellers
fail to materialize,  the Company's  business,  operating  results and financial
condition will be materially  adversely affected.  The Company expects to derive
the vast  majority of its revenues in the  foreseeable  future from sales of its
anti-spam solutions.

Our future revenues are difficult to predict and our quarterly operating results
may fluctuate which could adversely affect the value of your investment.

Because we have a limited  history with our new anti-spam  solutions and because
of the  emerging  nature of the  markets  in which we  compete,  our  revenue is
difficult  to  predict.  Our current  and future  expense  levels are to a large
extent fixed. We may be unable to adjust spending  quickly to compensate for any
revenue shortfall, and any significant revenue shortfall would have an immediate
negative effect on our results of operations and share price.

                                       7



A number  of  factors,  many of which  are  enumerated  in this  "Risk  Factors"
section,  are likely to cause fluctuations in our operating results and/or cause
our share  price to decline.  Other  factors  which may cause such  fluctuations
include:

     o    Our ability to successfully develop and market our anti-spam solutions
          to new markets;

     o    The market acceptance of our new anti-spam solutions;

     o    The size,  timing  and  fulfillment  of orders  for our new  anti-spam
          solutions;

     o    Our ability to expand our workforce with qualified  personnel,  as may
          be needed;

     o    Unanticipated  bugs or other  problems  arising in  providing  our new
          anti-spam solutions to enterprise customers;

     o    The success of our  resellers  sales  efforts to potential  enterprise
          customers;

     o    The solvency of our resellers and their ability to allocate sufficient
          resources  towards the  marketing  of our new  anti-spam  solutions to
          their potential enterprise customers;

     o    The rate of adoption of anti-spam solutions by enterprise customers in
          the current economic environment;

     o    The threat of de-listing by the NASDAQ;

     o    The  receipt or payment  of  irregular  or  nonrecurring  revenues  or
          expenses;

     o    Our ability to  successfully  develop and market new,  modified and/or
          upgraded solutions, as may be needed;

     o    The  substantial  decrease  in  information   technology  spending  in
          general;

     o    Pricing of our solutions;

     o    Our ability to timely collect fees owed by resellers/customers; and

     o    Effectiveness  of  our  customer  support,  whether  provided  by  our
          resellers or directly by Commtouch.

Because  of  differing  operational  factors  and the  material  changes  to our
business model,  period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not a
good  indication  of our future  performance.  It is likely  that our  operating
results in some quarters will be below market expectations. Because we are going
to market with new solutions and have not had  anti-spam  solution  sales during
2002, and an immaterial  amount during the nine months ended September 30, 2003,
it is difficult to evaluate our business and prospects.

We commenced  operations in 1991,  but we are only  beginning to try to sell our
new  anti-spam  solutions  after having  ceased our efforts to sell our software
messaging  solution  during  2002  and,  prior  to that  time,  having  provided
outsourced  Web-based  email services from 1998 through 2001 (which itself was a
change  from our  initial  focus  on the  sale,  maintenance  and  servicing  of
stand-alone   email  client   software   products  for  mainframe  and  personal
computers). In mid-2002, we began focusing exclusively on completing development
of and  selling our new  anti-spam  solutions.  This change  required us to once
again adjust our business  processes  and to readjust the workforce at Commtouch
(predominantly, the sales force). Therefore, we have little operating history as
a provider of our new anti-spam solutions upon which you may be able to evaluate
our business and prospects.  It is too early to judge whether this business will
succeed.

We have many  established  competitors who are offering a multitude of solutions
to the spam problem

The market for anti-spam solutions is intensely  competitive and we expect it to
be  increasingly  competitive.  Increased  competition  could  result in pricing
pressures,  low  operating  margins and the  realization  of little or no market
share, any of which could cause our business to suffer.

In the market for  anti-spam  solutions,  there are a large  number of providers
offering "content filtering" solutions (solutions focusing solely on the content
of potential spam email). Other providers that offer forms of software (gateway)
and/or service based solutions and which may be viewed as direct  competitors to
Commtouch  include  Brightmail(R)  and Postini(R).  There is a great  likelihood
that,  as the market for  anti-spam  solutions  further  develops  and given the
difficult  technological  hurdles in attempting to create an effective solution,
established  Internet security players will enter the market, who may be able to
leverage  their  market  position  and  resources  to  capture a portion  of the
anti-spam market.

As this  market  continues  to  develop,  a number  of  companies  with  greater
resources  than ours could attempt to increase  their presence in this market by
acquiring  or forming  strategic  alliances  with our  competitors  or  business
partners.   Competitors  could  introduce   products  with  superior   features,
scalability and  functionality  at lower prices than our products and could also
bundle  existing  or new  products  with other more  established  products  that
discourage  users from purchasing our products.  In addition,  because there are
relatively low barriers to entry for the software market,  we expect  additional
competition from other established and emerging companies. Increased competition
is likely  to result in price  reductions,  reduced  gross  margins  and loss of
market share, any of which could harm our business.

                                       8



Also,  there  are  companies  that  develop  and  maintain  in-house   anti-spam
solutions,  such as  Microsoft(R)and  Yahoo(R).  These and other companies could
potentially leverage their existing  capabilities and relationships to enter the
anti-spam industry.(R)Brightmail, Postini, Microsoft and Yahoo are trademarks of
Brightmail,   Inc.,  Postini,   Inc.,  Microsoft  Corporation  and  Yahoo!  Inc.
respectively.

Our market's level of  competition is likely to increase as current  competitors
increase the sophistication of their offerings and as new participants enter the
market.  In the future, as we expand our offerings,  we may encounter  increased
competition in the development and distribution of these solutions.  Many of our
current and  potential  competitors  have  longer  operating  histories,  larger
customer  bases,  greater brand  recognition and greater  financial,  technical,
sales,  marketing and other resources than we do and may enter into strategic or
commercial relationships on more favorable terms. Some of these competitors have
research  and  development  capabilities  that may allow them to develop  new or
improved  products that may compete with product lines we market and distribute.
New  technologies  and the  expansion  of  existing  technologies  may  increase
competitive  pressures on us. We may not be able to compete successfully against
current and future competitors.

Our ability to increase our revenues will depend on our ability to  successfully
execute our sales and marketing plan.

The complexity of the underlying  technological base of our anti-spam  solutions
and the current  landscape of the anti-spam  market require highly trained sales
and marketing personnel to educate prospective resellers and customers regarding
the use and benefits of our  solutions.  We have limited  experience  in selling
anti-spam solutions to enterprise  customers.  It will take time for our current
and  future  employees  and  resellers  to learn  how to market  our  solutions.
Additionally,  we are unable to predict the possibility of success selling newly
introduced  solutions  for which we have  little  marketing  experience  and are
relying on these  solutions to produce a substantial  portion of our revenues in
the future. As a result of these factors,  our sales and marketing  organization
may not be able to compete  successfully  against  bigger  and more  experienced
sales and marketing organizations of our competitors.

We have a history of losses and may never achieve profitability.

We incurred net losses of approximately  $54.2 million in 2000, $61.0 million in
2001,  $4.9  million in 2002 and a net loss of $3.94  million for the first nine
months of 2003.  As of  December  31, 2002 and  September  30,  2003,  we had an
accumulated  deficit of approximately  $151.7 million and approximately  $155.6,
respectively.  We have not achieved  profitability  in any period,  and we might
continue to incur net losses in the future. If we do not achieve  profitability,
our share price may decline further.

Possible need for additional funds

The Company remains very thinly capitalized.  As such, we might become dependent
upon  raising  additional  funds to finance our  business.  Our cash  balance at
December  31, 2002 and  September  30, 2003 was  approximately  $1.4 million and
approximately  $2.7 million,  respectively.  In connection  with the two private
placements that occurred in July 2003, we raised $3,040,000.  In addition,  upon
the exercise of certain  warrants by the previous  convertible  loan holders and
the closing of the new convertible loan transaction  entered into by the Company
in late November 2003 (which are expected to occur by January 2004), the Company
will  receive  an  additional  amount  of  approximately  $4,000,000.  See "Risk
Factors--Investment  Risks--We may need  additional  capital"  below.  If we are
unable to raise  additional  funds,  the  Company  could  fail.  There can be no
assurance that we will be able to raise  necessary funds or that we will be able
to do so on terms acceptable to us. If needed,  our inability to obtain adequate
capital would limit our ability to continue our operations.  Any such additional
funding may result in significant dilution to existing stockholders.

In the past we have received funds for the  development of our business from the
State of Israel through the Office of the Chief  Scientist,  or the OCS.  Grants
received  from  the OCS  through  2002  that  the  Company  potentially  will be
obligated to repay totaled approximately $800,000.

Risk of Litigation

Legal  proceedings  can be expensive,  lengthy and disruptive to normal business
operations,  regardless of their merit.  Moreover,  the results of complex legal
proceedings are difficult to predict and an unfavorable  resolution of a lawsuit
or proceeding  could have a material  adverse effect on the Company's  business,
results of operations or financial condition.

                                       9


Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The Company has  agreements  with its  directors,  subject to Israeli law,  that
provide for the Company to indemnify  these  directors  for any of the following
obligations  or  expenses  incurred  as a result of an act or  omission  of such
persons in their capacity as directors: (a) any monetary obligation imposed upon
them for the benefit of a third party by a judgment,  including a settlement  or
an arbitration  decision,  confirmed by the court, and (b) reasonable litigation
expenses,  including legal fees, actually incurred by such a director or imposed
upon the director by a court order,  in a proceeding  brought against him/her by
or on behalf of the  Company  or by  others,  or in  connection  with a criminal
proceeding  in which  he/she was  acquitted,  or in  connection  with a criminal
action which does not require criminal intent in which he/she was convicted.

Risk due to economic conditions

Should  economic  conditions  fail to  improve,  our  ability  to  sell  our new
anti-spam solutions could be negatively  impacted.  Furthermore,  even if we are
successful  in  selling  our  solutions,  our  ability  to  collect  outstanding
receivables may be significantly  impacted by liquidity issues of our resellers'
customers  and/or our  resellers  themselves,  which may  negatively  affect our
ability  to  recognize  future  revenue  based on  sales.  As a  result,  we may
experience shortfalls in our future revenues.

The loss of our key employees would  adversely  affect our ability to manage our
business,  therefore  causing our  operating  results to suffer and the value of
your investment to further decline.

Our success  depends on the skills,  experience  and  performance  of our senior
management  and  other key  personnel.  The loss of the  services  of any of our
senior  management or other key personnel,  including  Gideon Mantel,  our Chief
Executive Officer and Amir Lev, our President and Chief Technical Officer, could
materially  and  adversely  affect  our  business.  The  loss  of  our  software
developers may also adversely affect our anti-spam solutions,  therefore causing
our operating results to suffer and the value of your investment to decline.  We
do not have  employment  agreements  inclusive of set periods of employment with
any of these key personnel.  We cannot prevent them from leaving at any time. We
do not maintain key-person life insurance policies on any of our employees.

Our low head-count of 37 employees (as of December 2003) continues to strain our
operational  resources,  and although  the Company  added  additional  sales and
support  personnel during 2003, the lack of sufficient  personnel may compromise
our ability to enhance revenues.

Our  business  and  operating  results  could  suffer if we do not  successfully
address the risks inherent in doing business overseas.

At September  30, 2003,  we had sales  offices in Israel and the United  States.
Depending  on the  success of our  marketing  efforts in North  America,  we may
pursue the  marketing of our  anti-spam  solutions in  international  markets by
utilizing appropriate  distributorship channels.  However, we may not be able to
compete  effectively in  international  markets due to various risks inherent in
conducting business internationally, such as:

     o    differing technology standards;

     o    inability  of  distribution   channels  to  successfully   market  our
          anti-spam solutions;

     o    export restrictions,  including export controls relating to encryption
          technologies;

     o    difficulties in collecting  accounts  receivable and longer collection
          periods;

     o    unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;

     o    political  and  economic   instability;

     o    potentially adverse tax consequences;

     o    the  adoption  of  new  legal   penalties  which  may  discourage  the
          distribution of unsolicited email messages; and

     o    potentially reduced protection for intellectual property rights.

Any  of  these  factors  could  adversely   affect  the  Company's   prospective
international sales and, consequently, business and operating results.

Terrorist  attacks such as the attacks that occurred in New York and Washington,
D.C. on September 11, 2001 and other attacks or acts of war may adversely affect
the markets on which our ordinary shares trade, our financial  condition and our
results of operations.

                                       10



On September 11, 2001, the United States was the target of terrorist  attacks of
unprecedented  scope.  These attacks  caused major  instability  in the U.S. and
other financial markets.  There could be further acts of terrorism in the United
States or  elsewhere  that  could  have a similar  impact.  Leaders  of the U.S.
government  have announced  their intention to actively pursue and take military
and other  action  against  those behind the  September  11, 2001 attacks and to
initiate broader action against national and global  terrorism.  In this regard,
the U.S.  recently led a coalition of forces in attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq.
The  worldwide  ramifications  of such  attacks are unknown at this time.  Armed
hostilities  or further acts of terrorism  would cause  further  instability  in
financial  markets and could  directly  impact our  financial  condition and our
results of operations.

Technology Risks

We might not have the  resources  or skills  required  to adapt to the  changing
technological  requirements and shifting  preferences of our customers and their
users.

The spam and  anti-spam  industry is  characterized  by difficult  technological
challenges,  sophisticated "spammers" and constantly evolving spam practices and
targets that could render our  anti-spam  solutions and  proprietary  technology
ineffective. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to continually enhance
our existing  anti-spam  solutions and to develop new  solutions,  functions and
technology that address the potential  needs of prospective  customers and their
users.  The  development  of proprietary  technology and necessary  enhancements
entails  significant  technical  and  business  risks and  requires  substantial
expenditures  and  lead-time.  We may not be able to keep pace  with the  latest
technological  developments.  We  may  not  be  able  to  use  new  technologies
effectively or adapt to customer or end user  requirements or emerging  industry
standards.  Also, we must be able to act more quickly than our competition,  and
may not be able to do so.

Our  software  may be  adversely  affected  by  defects,  which  could cause our
customers or end users to stop using our solutions.

Our anti-spam solutions are based in part upon new and complex software. Complex
software often contains defects,  particularly when first introduced or when new
versions  are  released.  Although  we  conduct  extensive  testing,  we may not
discover   software  defects  that  affect  our  new  or  current  solutions  or
enhancements  until after they are delivered.  Although we have not  experienced
any material software defects to date in our anti-spam solutions offering, it is
possible  that,  despite  testing by us,  defects  may exist in the  software we
license.  These defects could cause interruptions in our anti-spam solutions for
customers that could damage our reputation, create legal risks, cause us to lose
revenue,  delay market  acceptance or divert our development  resources,  any of
which could cause our business to suffer.

Investment Risks

We may need additional capital.

We have  invested  heavily in technology  development.  We expect to continue to
spend  financial and other resources on developing and introducing new offerings
and maintaining our corporate organizations and strategic relationships. We also
expect to invest  resources  in  research  and  development  projects to develop
enhanced  anti-spam  solutions  for  enterprises  and,  possibly,  other  target
markets.

Based  on the cash  balance  at  September  30,  2003,  current  projections  of
revenues, related expenses, the ability to further curtail certain discretionary
expenses and completion of the new convertible  loan transaction and exercise of
warrants  by  previous   convertible   note   holders  as   announced  in  early
December/late  November  2003, the Company  believes it has  sufficient  cash to
continue operations for at least the next twelve months.

We were previously subject to a class action lawsuit.

Following  our  restatement  of revenues  for the first three  quarters of 2000,
several class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for
the  Northern  District  of  California  against  the Company and certain of our
officers and a director,  alleging violations of the antifraud provisions of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 arising from the Company's financial statements.
These lawsuits were consolidated into one action in late 2001.  Thereafter,  the
Company filed a Motion to Dismiss,  which was granted. The plaintiffs then filed
a second amended and  consolidated  complaint,  and our second motion to dismiss
was only partially accepted, with the end result being that the plaintiffs filed
a third  amended  and  consolidated  complaint.  We  (including  the  individual
defendants) filed an answer to that complaint,  and the case then moved into the
discovery stage, with the case being set for trial in January 2004. In May 2003,
a settlement  agreement was signed between the plaintiffs and defendants and the
court  thereafter  issued a  preliminary  order  approving the  settlement.  The
settlement  calls for the  payment of $15 million to the  plaintiffs,  with this
amount to be fully funded by the Company's

                                       11



Directors and Officers  policy.  The payment to plaintiffs under this settlement
should not cause the Company any financial hardship.  On September 24, 2003, the
court entered a final order  approving the  settlement  and, as of such date, no
class member had chosen to opt out of the  settlement.  The settlement  does not
contain any admissions or findings of wrongdoing on the part of the  defendants,
and we continue to maintain  that the Company and  individual  defendants  acted
properly at all times.

If we cannot  satisfy  Nasdaq's  maintenance  requirements,  it may  delist  our
ordinary  shares from its Smallcap  Market and we may not have an active  public
market for our ordinary  shares.  The absence of an active  trading market would
likely make our ordinary shares an illiquid investment.

Our ordinary shares are quoted on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market.  To continue to be
listed, we are required to maintain shareholders' equity of at least $2,500,000,
or market  value of our  outstanding  shares  (excluding  shares held by company
insiders and principal  shareholders) of at least  $35,000,000,  or we must have
realized at least $500,000 in net income from continuing  operations in our last
fiscal  year or in two of our  last  three  fiscal  years.  As a  result  of the
proceeds we received from our recent financing  activities,  we currently are in
compliance with the $2,500,000 shareholders' equity requirement.  However, if we
continue to incur  operating  losses our  shareholders'  equity will decrease to
reflect  those  losses.  Accordingly,  there  can be no  assurance  that we will
continue to comply with this requirement.

If we will not be in  compliance  with any of these tests in the future,  Nasdaq
may delist our ordinary  shares.  If this  occurs,  trading in our shares may be
conducted in the  over-the-counter  market in the so-called "pink sheets" or, if
available,  the "OTC Bulletin  Board  Service." As a result,  an investor  would
likely find it significantly more difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate
quotations as to the value of, our shares.

Also,  Nasdaq may delist our ordinary shares if it deems it necessary to protect
investors and the public interest.

If our shares are delisted,  they may become  subject to the SEC's "penny stock"
rules and be more difficult to sell.

SEC rules  require  brokers to provide  information  to purchasers of securities
traded at less than $5.00 and not traded on a national  securities  exchange  or
quoted on the Nasdaq Stock  Market.  If our shares  become "penny stock" that is
not exempt  from these SEC rules,  these  disclosure  requirements  may have the
effect of reducing  trading  activity in our shares and making it more difficult
for  investors  to  sell.  The  rules  require  a  broker-dealer  to  deliver  a
standardized  risk  disclosure  document  prepared  by  the  SEC  that  provides
information  about  penny  stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny
stock market.  The broker must also give bid and offer quotations and broker and
salesperson compensation information to the customer orally or in writing before
or with the confirmation.  The SEC rules also require a broker to make a special
written  determination  that the penny  stock is a suitable  investment  for the
purchaser  and receive the  purchaser's  written  agreement  to the  transaction
before a transaction in a penny stock.

Our directors,  executive  officers and principal  shareholders  will be able to
exert  significant  influence over matters  requiring  shareholder  approval and
could delay or prevent a change of control.

Our directors and  affiliates of our directors,  our executive  officers and our
shareholders  who currently  individually  beneficially own over five percent of
our ordinary shares, beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 45.57% of
our  outstanding  ordinary  shares as of  November  30, 2003 plus  warrants  and
options exercisable within 60 days thereof. If they vote together (especially if
they were to convert all  beneficial  holdings  into  shares  entitled to voting
rights in the Company),  these shareholders will be able to exercise significant
influence  over  all  matters  requiring  shareholder  approval,  including  the
election of directors and approval of significant corporate  transactions.  This
concentration  of  ownership  could also delay or prevent a change in control of
Commtouch.  The above percentage of beneficial  ownership  includes warrants and
options  totaling 1.32% of the outstanding  ordinary shares which are underwater
as of November 30, 2003.

These  significant  shareholders  will be able to  significantly  influence  and
possibly  exercise  control  over  most  matters   requiring   approval  by  our
shareholders,  including the election of directors  and approval of  significant
corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect
of delaying  or  preventing  a change in  control.  In  addition,  conflicts  of
interest may arise as a consequence of these  significant  shareholders  control
relationship with us, including:

      o    conflicts   between   significant   shareholders,   and   our   other
           shareholders  whose interests may differ with respect to, among other
           things,   our   strategic   direction   or   significant    corporate
           transactions;
      o    conflicts related to corporate opportunities that could be pursued by
           us, on the one hand, or by these shareholders, on the other hand; or

                                       12



      o    conflicts  related  to  existing  or  new  contractual  relationships
           between  us, on the one hand,  and these  shareholders,  on the other
           hand.

Furthermore, InfoSpace holds the right to name one director to our Board as long
as it continues to hold at least 620,022  shares,  including the shares issuable
upon exercise of the InfoSpace warrant.  It named Thomas Camp to the Board under
this  provision,  who  resigned  on  August  22,  2001 and was not  replaced  by
Infospace.

Substantial sales of our ordinary shares could adversely affect our share price.

The sale, or  availability  for sale, of substantial  quantities of our ordinary
shares may have the  effect of further  depressing  its  market  price.  A large
number  of  our  ordinary  shares  which  were  previously   subject  to  resale
restrictions,  are  currently  eligible  for resale.  In addition a  significant
number of shares are eligible  for resale in the future (i.e.  those shares that
may be issued if the lenders in the new convertible loan transaction of November
2003 decide to exercise  warrants and/or convert the Company's loan  obligations
to equity and those shares that will be eligible for resale at various  dates in
the future  pursuant to this  Prospectus).  These  shares  will dilute  existing
shareholders.

Risk of  failure  to honor  registration  rights  for the 2002 and 2003  private
placements

According to the agreements with the Selling Securityholders, should the Company
fail to meet  certain  deadlines  for  filing  the  Registration  Statement  and
achieving the  effectiveness  thereof,  the Company  risks having  imposed on it
liquidated damages as defined in the agreements.

Risk of occurrence of event of default under Securities Purchase Agreement

The Company is required to abide by the terms and  provisions of the  Securities
Purchase Agreement of November 2003. Upon failure to do so, for example, failure
to pay principal or interest or failure to timely obtain the  registration  with
the SEC of the shares  that may be issued to  lenders  under the  agreement,  we
would  be in  default  of the  agreement.  The  lenders  were  granted  security
interests in all of the Company's  assets. If an event of default were not cured
by the  Company,  the loan would  accelerate  and all amounts due under the loan
would  immediately  become due and payable.  If the Company were unable to repay
the loan  amounts,  the  lenders,  among other  things,  would have the right to
foreclose on their  security  interests in the  Company's  assets by seizing and
selling all the Company's assets.

Intellectual Property Risks

If we fail to  adequately  protect our  intellectual  property  rights or face a
claim of intellectual  property infringement by a third party, we could lose our
intellectual property rights or be liable for significant damages.

We regard our patent pending technology,  copyrights, service marks, trademarks,
trade secrets and similar intellectual  property as critical to our success, and
rely on patent,  trademark  and  copyright  law,  trade  secret  protection  and
confidentiality  or license  agreements  with our  employees  and  customers  to
protect our proprietary rights. Third parties may infringe or misappropriate our
patent pending  technology,  trade secrets,  copyrights,  trademarks and similar
proprietary  rights.  We have recently  filed a provisional  patent  application
covering  certain aspects of our anti-spam  technology,  and we may convert this
application  into  a  formal  patent  application  or  seek  to  patent  certain
additional  software or other  technology in the future.  Any such future patent
applications  may not be issued  within the scope of the  claims we seek,  or at
all. We cannot be certain that our software  does not  infringe  issued  patents
that  may  relate  to our  anti-spam  solutions.  In  addition,  because  patent
applications in the United States are not publicly disclosed until the patent is
issued,  applications  previously  may  have  been  filed  which  relate  to our
anti-spam solutions.

Other parties may assert  infringement claims against us. We may also be subject
to legal  proceedings and claims from time to time in the ordinary course of our
business,  including claims of alleged  infringement of the patents,  trademarks
and other  intellectual  property  rights of third  parties by ourselves and our
licensees. Such claims, even if not meritorious, could result in the expenditure
of significant financial and managerial resources.

Despite our precautions, unauthorized third parties may copy certain portions of
our technology or reverse  engineer or obtain and use information that we regard
as proprietary.  In addition,  the laws of some foreign countries do not protect
proprietary  rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.  Our
means of protecting  our  proprietary  rights in the United States or abroad may
not be adequate and competitors may independently develop similar technology.

                                       13



We also continue to hold a perpetual  mail server  license which was utilized in
our hosted  service  offering  and is still  being  utilized  by us to service a
current customer, and may license other technology as the need arises. We cannot
be certain that, apart from the mail server license,  other third-party  content
licenses  will be available to us on  commercially  reasonable  terms or that we
will be able to successfully  integrate the technology into our products.  These
third-party  licenses  may  expose  us  to  increased  risks,   including  risks
associated with the  assimilation of new technology,  the diversion of resources
from the  development of our own  proprietary  technology,  and our inability to
generate   revenues  from  new  technology   sufficient  to  offset   associated
acquisition and maintenance costs. The inability to obtain any of these licenses
could result in delays in product development until equivalent technology can be
identified,   licensed  and   integrated.   Any  such  delays  could  cause  our
business/financial condition and operating results to suffer.

Governmental  regulation and legal  uncertainties could impair the growth of the
Internet,  decrease  the  distribution  of  unsolicited  bulk  (spam)  email and
decrease  demand  for our  anti-spam  solutions  or  increase  our cost of doing
business.

While laws  aimed at  curtailing  the  spread of spam have been  adopted by some
states,  enforcement  has not been  widespread and the lack of a body of federal
anti-spam law has  highlighted  an increase in the amount of spam  traffic.  The
growth and  development  of the spam market may prompt calls for more  stringent
Internet user protection laws that may limit the ability of companies  promoting
or  delivering  spam  online.  Moreover,  the  applicability  to the Internet of
existing  laws in  various  jurisdictions  governing  issues  such  as  property
ownership,  sales and other taxes,  libel and personal  privacy is uncertain and
may take years to resolve.  The adoption of additional laws or  regulations,  or
the application of existing laws or regulations to the Internet,  may impair the
growth of the Internet or commercial  online services.  All or some of the above
laws could decrease the demand for our anti-spam solutions and increase our cost
of doing business, or otherwise harm our business and operating results.


Risks Relating to Operations in Israel

We have  important  facilities  and  resources  located  in  Israel,  which  has
historically  experienced severe economic instability and military and political
unrest.

We are  incorporated  under  the laws of the  State  of  Israel.  Our  principal
research   and   development   facilities   are  located  in  Israel.   Although
substantially  all of our past sales were made to customers  outside Israel,  we
are  nonetheless  directly  influenced by the  political,  economic and military
conditions  affecting  Israel.  Any major  hostilities  involving Israel, or the
interruption  or  curtailment  of trade between  Israel and its present  trading
partners, could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial
condition.

Israel's economy has been subject to numerous destabilizing factors, including a
period of rampant  inflation in the early to  mid-1980's,  low foreign  exchange
reserves,  fluctuations in world commodity prices,  military conflicts and civil
unrest.  In addition,  Israel and some companies doing business with Israel have
been the  subject  of an  economic  boycott  by Arab  countries  since  Israel's
establishment. These restrictive laws and policies may have an adverse impact on
our operating results, financial condition or expansion of our business.

Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a state of hostility has
existed between Israel and the Arab countries in the region. Peace talks between
Israel and the Palestinian  Authority  began in the early 1990s,  but they broke
down in  mid-2000.  Attacks on Israel by  Palestinian  terrorists,  and military
responses by Israel,  have accelerated  considerably  since late 2000. We cannot
predict  whether or when a peace process will resume,  whether a full resolution
of these  problems  will be achieved,  the nature of any such  resolution or any
consequences  that  any of  these  factors  may  have on us.  Any  future  armed
conflicts or political  instability  in the region could  negatively  affect our
business or harm our results of operations.

Our results of operations  may be negatively  affected by the  obligation of key
personnel to perform military service.

Certain of our officers and employees are currently  obligated to perform annual
reserve  duty in the Israel  Defense  Forces and are subject to being called for
active military duty at any time.  Although  Commtouch has operated  effectively
under these  requirements  since its inception,  we cannot predict the effect of
these obligations on Commtouch in the future.  Our operations could be disrupted
by the absence,  for a significant period, of one or more of our officers or key
employees due to military service.

Because a substantial  portion of our revenues  historically have been generated
in U.S.  dollars and a portion of our expenses have been incurred in New Israeli
Shekels,  our results of operations  may be adversely  affected by inflation and
currency fluctuations.

                                       14



We have  generated a  substantial  portion of our  revenues in U.S.  dollars and
incurred a portion of our expenses,  principally  salaries and related personnel
expenses in Israel,  in New Israeli Shekels,  commonly  referred to as NIS. As a
result,  we have been  exposed to the risk that the rate of  inflation in Israel
will exceed the rate of devaluation of the NIS in relation to the dollar or that
the timing of any  devaluation may lag behind  inflation in Israel.  In 2002 and
for a number of years prior to 1999,  the rate of devaluation of the NIS against
the dollar exceeded the rate of inflation.  We cannot be assured that this trend
will  continue.  If the dollar cost of our operations in Israel  increases,  our
dollar-measured results of operations will be adversely affected. Our operations
also could be  adversely  affected  if we are unable to guard  against  currency
fluctuations  in the future.  Accordingly,  we may enter into  currency  hedging
transactions to decrease the risk of financial exposure from fluctuations in the
exchange rate of the dollar against the NIS. These  measures,  however,  may not
adequately  protect  us from  material  adverse  effects  due to the  impact  of
inflation in Israel.

The government  programs and benefits which we currently  receive  require us to
meet several conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future.

Prior to 1998, we received  grants from the  Government  of Israel,  through the
Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS), for the financing of a significant  portion
of our research and  development  expenditures  in Israel.  In 2001 and 2002, we
applied  for  additional  grants and we may apply for  additional  grants in the
future. In 1999 and 2000, we did not receive any grants from the OCS. In 2001 we
received $0.6 million and in 2002 we received  $0.2 million.  While we submitted
an application for an additional grant in 2003, we decided not to draw any funds
thereunder  during 2003. The OCS budget has been subject to reductions which may
affect the availability of funds for this prospective  grant and other grants in
the future.  Therefore,  we cannot be certain  that we will  continue to receive
grants at the same rate,  or at all.  In  addition,  the terms of any future OCS
grants may be less favorable than our past grants.

In connection  with research and  development  grants  received from the OCS, we
must pay royalties to the OCS on the revenue  derived from the sale of products,
technologies  and  services  developed  with grants from the OCS. We account for
these royalties by recording an accrual in our financial statements.  Because we
determined  that no  revenue  is  expected  from some of these  projects,  as of
December 31, 2001 we decided to write down the related  $0.4 million  accrual we
recorded  in past  years.  The OCS  subsequently  confirmed  the status of these
projects as being non-royalty-bearing.  The OCS would be entitled to revisit the
status of these projects in the future if the Company were to commence utilizing
technology developed under these projects.

The terms of the OCS  grants and the law  pursuant  to which the grants are made
restrict our ability to manufacture products or transfer technologies  developed
using OCS grants outside of Israel.  This  restriction  may limit our ability to
enter into agreements for those products or technologies,  without OCS approval.
We cannot be certain  that the  approvals  of the OCS will be  obtained on terms
that are acceptable to us, or at all. In connection with our grant applications,
we have made  representations and covenants to the OCS. The funding from the OCS
is subject to the accuracy of these  representations  and  covenants  and to our
compliance with the conditions and  restrictions  imposed by the OCS. If we fail
to comply with any of these conditions or restrictions,  we could be required to
repay any grants previously received,  together with interest and penalties, and
would likely be ineligible to receive OCS grants in the future.

Grants received from the OCS through 2002 that the Company  potentially  will be
obligated to repay totaled approximately $800,000.

The tax benefits we are currently  entitled to from the Government of Israel may
be reduced or terminated in the future.

Pursuant to the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, the Government
of Israel through the Investment Center has granted "approved enterprise" status
to a portion  of our  capital  investment  programs.  The  portion of our income
derived  from our  approved  enterprise  program  will be exempt  from tax for a
limited  period  of two  years  commencing  in the  first  year in which we have
taxable income, and will be subject to a reduced tax for an additional period of
five to eight years  dependent  on the  percentage  of holdings of our shares by
foreign  shareholders.  The  benefits  available to an approved  enterprise  are
conditioned upon the fulfillment of specified  conditions,  including a required
amount of investments in fixed assets and a portion of these  investments  being
made  with  net  proceeds  of  equity  capital  raised  by us as  stipulated  in
applicable  law and in the  specific  certificates  of  approval.  If we fail to
comply  with these  conditions,  in whole or in part,  we may be required to pay
additional  taxes for the period in which we benefited from the tax exemption or
reduced tax rates and would  likely be denied these  benefits in the future.  In
addition,  the law and  regulations  prescribing  the  benefits  provide  for an
expiration  date for the grant of new  benefits.  The  expiration  date has been
extended  several times in the past.  The  expiration  date  currently is end of
December  2003 and no new  benefits  will be granted  after that date unless the
expiration  date is extended.  We cannot  assure you that new  benefits  will be
available  after  December 2003 or that benefits will be continued in the future
at their current levels or at all.

                                       15



Israeli  courts might not enforce  judgments  rendered  outside of Israel and it
might therefore be difficult for an investor to recover any judgment against any
of our officers or directors resident in Israel.

We  are  organized  under  the  laws  of  Israel,  and we  maintain  significant
operations in Israel. Certain of our officers and directors named in this report
reside outside of the United States. Therefore, you might not be able to enforce
any judgment  obtained in the U.S. against us or any of such persons.  You might
not be able to bring  civil  actions  under U.S.  securities  laws if you file a
lawsuit in Israel.  However,  we have been advised by our Israeli  counsel that,
subject to several limitations, Israeli courts may enforce a final judgment of a
U.S. court for liquidated amounts in civil matters after a hearing in Israel. We
have  appointed  Commtouch  Inc., our U.S.  subsidiary,  as our agent to receive
service of process in any action  against us arising from this  report.  We have
not given our consent for our agent to accept  service of process in  connection
with any other claim and it may therefore be difficult for an investor to effect
service of process  against us or any of our non-U.S.  officers,  directors  and
experts  relating to any other claims.  If a foreign  judgment is enforced by an
Israeli court, it may be payable in Israeli currency.

Provisions of Israeli law may delay, prevent or make difficult an acquisition of
Commtouch,  which could  prevent a change of control and  therefore  depress the
price of our shares.

Israeli corporate law regulates  mergers,  votes required to approve mergers and
acquisitions  of shares through tender offers,  requires  special  approvals for
transactions involving significant shareholders and regulates other matters that
may be  relevant  to  these  types  of  transactions.  Furthermore,  Israel  tax
considerations may make potential  transactions  unappealing to us or to some of
our shareholders and tax reform in Israel can reduce potential tax benefits, and
limit our potential profitability.

You should rely only on the information  contained in this  prospectus.  We have
not authorized any other person to provide you with different information.  This
prospectus  is not an offer to sell,  nor is it seeking  an offer to buy,  these
securities in any  jurisdiction  where the offer or sale is not  permitted.  The
information  in this  prospectus  is complete and accurate as of the date on the
front cover, but the information may have changed since that date.

                        CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

The following table sets forth the  capitalization and indebtedness of Commtouch
as of September 30, 2003,  actual and as adjusted for the conversion of the debt
to equity by prior  convertible  note  holders  and their  exercise  of warrants
related to the early conversion in December 2003:




                                                                                          (UNAUDITED)         (UNAUDITED)
                                                                                            Actual            As adjusted
                                                                                        (IN THOUSANDS)       (IN THOUSANDS)
                                                                                        --------------       --------------
                                                                                                            
Long-term liabilities                                                                         $826                $3,493
                                                                                              ----                ------
Shareholders' equity:
     Ordinary shares, NIS 0.05 par value; 55,000,000 (adjusted to 75,000,000 on                354                   574
     Decemeber 26, 2003) shares authorized, with 28,091,148 and 39,436,506 actual
     and as adjusted shares issued and outstanding, respectively
Additional paid-in capital                                                                 157,479               160,060
Deferred compensation                                                                          (88)                  (88)
Notes receivable from shareholders                                                            (167)                 (167)
Accumulated deficit                                                                       (155,615)             (157,066)
                                                                                          --------              --------
Total shareholders' equity                                                                  $1,963                $3,313
                                                                                            ------                ------
Total capitalization and indebtedness                                                       $2,789                $6,806
                                                                                            ------                ------


                                       16



                              THE OFFER AND LISTING

The Offering


                                                    
Ordinary shares offered .............................  4,162,479 shares, NIS 0.05 par value per share

Price................................................  As determined be each Selling SecurityHolder

Ordinary shares outstanding after the offering.......  32,619,554 shares [based on ordinary shares outstanding prior
                                                       to the offering on November 30, 2003 of 28,457,074, though if
                                                       the offering under the prospectus included in the Registration
                                                       Statement on Form F-3 No. 333-111731 filed on January 6, 2004
                                                       is completely sold prior to the sale of shares under this
                                                       offering, there will be 58,308,209 shares outstanding after
                                                       this offering]

Use of proceeds......................................  Commtouch  will not  receive  any of the  proceeds  from the
                                                       sale of the shares by the  Selling  Securityholders  in this
                                                       offering.

NASDAQ SmallCap Market Symbol .......................  CTCH


Shares will be offered on a registered basis and not as bearer shares.

Except as otherwise  specified,  all  information in this prospectus is based on
the number of shares outstanding as of November 30, 2003, and:

         o    assumes the issuance of 1,522,285  ordinary  shares  issuable upon
              exercise of options  granted to executive  officers and  directors
              within 60 days of November 30, 2003 at a weighted average exercise
              price of $0.17 per share; and

         o    with  respect  to  financial  information,  is  reported  in  U.S.
              dollars;

and does not include:

         o    2,310,189  ordinary  shares  issuable to employees and consultants
              upon exercise of outstanding  options under our stock option plans
              and stock option  agreements as of November 30, 2003 at a weighted
              average exercise price of $0.16; and

         o    625,983  ordinary  shares  available  for future grant or issuance
              under our stock option plans as of November 30, 2003.

Market Information

The Company's  Ordinary  Shares have traded  publicly on The Nasdaq Stock Market
under the symbol "CTCH" since July 13, 1999.

The  following  table  lists  the  high and low  closing  sales  prices  for the
Company's Ordinary Shares, for the periods indicated,  as reported by The Nasdaq
Stock Market:

                                       17


                                                         High         Low
                                                         ----         ---
1999 (beginning July 13, 1999)                          $49.125     $11.0625

2000:                                                   $66.50      $ 7.44

2001:
 First Quarter                                          $ 3.81      $ 0.75
 Second Quarter                                           1.19        0.28
 Third Quarter                                            0.67        0.20
 Fourth Quarter                                         $ 0.46      $ 0.20

2002:
 First Quarter                                          $ 0.43      $ 0.23
 Second Quarter                                         $ 0.25      $ 0.11
 Third Quarter                                          $ 0.15      $ 0.08
 Fourth Quarter                                         $ 0.06      $ 0.22

2003:                                                   $ 0.16      $ 0.10
 First Quarter                                          $ 0.69      $ 0.12
 Second Quarter
 Third Quarter                                          $  .96      $ 0.55

Most Recent Six Months:

June 2003                                               $ 0.61      $ 0.47
July 2003                                                 0.96        0.55
August 2003                                               0.93        0.71

September 2003                                            0.89        0.72
October 2003                                              1.47        0.80

November 2003                                             1.46        1.09


                    REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not  receive  any  proceeds  from the sale of the shares by the  Selling
Securityholders in this offering.


                             SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

The ordinary shares being offered by the selling  shareholders are issuable upon
conversion  of the  convertible  notes and upon  exercise of the  warrants.  For
additional  information  regarding  the  convertible  notes  and  warrants,  see
"Private  Placement of Convertible Notes and Warrants" above. We are registering
the  ordinary  shares in order to permit the selling  shareholders  to offer the
shares for resale from time to time. Except for the ownership of the convertible
notes and the  warrants and apart from Israel Seed IV, L.P.  (which  invested in
the Company in a private placement in late July 2003), the selling  shareholders
have not had any material relationship with us within the past three years.

         The  following  table  presents  information  provided  by the  Selling
Securityholders  with respect to beneficial  ownership of our ordinary shares as
of November 30, 2003,  and as adjusted to reflect the sale of the shares offered
by this prospectus,  by the Selling  Securityholders and assumes that all shares
being offered by this prospectus are ultimately sold in the offering. The second
column lists the number of ordinary  shares  beneficially  owned by each selling
shareholder,  based on its ownership of the convertible  notes and the warrants,
assuming  conversion of all convertible  notes and exercise of the warrants held
by the selling  shareholders on that date,  without regard to any limitations on
conversions  or exercise.  The fourth  column  lists the  ordinary  shares being
offered by this prospectus by the selling shareholders.

                                       18


The table includes all shares  issuable within 60 days of November 30, 2003 upon
the exercise of warrants and other rights  beneficially  owned by the  indicated
shareholders on that date.  Beneficial ownership as set forth below includes the
power to direct the voting or the  disposition  of the  securities or to receive
the economic  benefit of  ownership of the  securities.  To our  knowledge,  the
persons named in the table have sole voting,  sole  investment  control and sole
right to receive the economic  benefit with  respect to all shares  listed.  The
applicable  percentage of ownership for each  shareholder is based on 28,457,074
ordinary  shares  outstanding  as of November 30, 2003 and  32,619,554  ordinary
shares  outstanding  immediately  following  the  completion  of this  offering,
together with  applicable  warrants for that  shareholder  that are  exercisable
within 60 days of November 30, 2003.

         In accordance with the terms of registration rights agreements with the
holders of the convertible  notes and the warrants,  this  prospectus  generally
covers the resale of at least 130% of that  number of ordinary  shares  equal to
the number of ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of the convertible  notes
and upon  exercise of the related  warrants,  determined  as if the  outstanding
convertible  notes and warrants were converted or exercised,  as applicable,  in
full,  in each case, as of the trading day  immediately  preceding the date this
registration  statement was initially filed with the SEC. Because the conversion
price of the  convertible  notes and the  exercise  price of the warrants may be
adjusted,  the number of shares that will actually be issued may be more or less
than the number of shares being  offered by this  prospectus.  The fourth column
assumes  the  sale of all of the  shares  offered  by the  selling  shareholders
pursuant to this prospectus.

         Under the terms of the  convertible  notes and the warrants,  a selling
shareholder  (other than Israel Seed) may not convert the convertible  notes, or
exercise the warrants,  to the extent such  conversion  or exercise  would cause
such selling  shareholder,  together with its affiliates,  to beneficially own a
number of ordinary  shares  which  would  exceed  4.99% of our then  outstanding
ordinary shares following such conversion or exercise, excluding for purposes of
such  determination  ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of the convertible
notes which have not been converted and upon exercise of the warrants which have
not been  exercised.  The number of shares in the second column does not reflect
this  limitation.  The selling  shareholders may sell all, some or none of their
shares in this offering. See "Plan of Distribution."

                                       19




                                                                           Shares
                                            Shares Beneficially             to be          Shares Beneficially
                                          Owned Prior to Offering          Offered        Owned After Offering
                                         ------------------------           ------       -----------------------
                                                         Percent of                                    Percent of
                                                        Outstanding                                   Outstanding
Name of Beneficial Owner                 Number            Shares           Number          Number      Shares
------------------------                 ------            ------           ------          ------      ------
                                                                                            
Israel Seed IV, L.P.(1)                 4,440,834           15.61           693,746           0(2)         0(2)
c/o Maples and Calder, P.O.
Box 309 G.T., Ugland House,
South Church Street
Grand Cayman, Cayman Island

Smithfield Fiduciary LLC(3)             1,109,995            3.90         1,109,995           0            0
c/o Highbridge Capital Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street, 27th Floor
New York, New York  10019

Omicron Master Trust                      693,746            2.44           693,746           0            0
c/o Omicron Capital
810 Seventh Avenue 39th Floor
New York, New York 10019

Cranshire Capital L.P.                    971,246            3.41           971,246           0            0
c/o Downsview Capital, Inc.
The General Partner
666 Dundee Road, Suite 1901
Northbrook, IL  60062

Vertical Ventures, LLC                    693,746            2.44           693,746           0            0
900 Third Avenue, 26th Floor
New York, New York  10022

TOTALS                                  7,909,567            27.8         4,162,479           0            0


(1)      Israel  Seed IV  L.P.  ("ISLP  IV")  is  organized  as a  "blind  pool"
         partnership  in which the  limited  partners  have no  discretion  over
         investment  or sale  decisions,  are not able to withdraw  from ISLP IV
         except  under  exceptional  circumstances,  and  generally  participate
         ratably in each investment made by ISLP IV. The sole General Partner of
         ISLP IV is Israel  Venture  Partners  2000 Ltd.  ("IVP") which has sole
         investment  control with respect to ISLP IV. The sole principals of the
         investment  advisors to IVP are Jonathan Medved, Neil Cohen and Michael
         Eisenberg and, as such, they may be deemed to share voting control over
         the shares of the Company  held by the ISLP IV. No other  persons  have
         investment  control over IVP or ISLP IV. IVP and Jonathan Medved,  Neil
         Cohen and Michael Eisenberg disclaim beneficial ownership of any shares
         held by ISLP IV except  to the  extent  of their  respective  pecuniary
         interests.

(2)      Assumes  that Israel Seed sells all of its holdings  (3,747,088)  under
         the Prospectus 333-109837 filed on November 20, 2003.

(3)      Highbridge  Capital  Management,  LLC  ("Highbridge"),  is the  trading
         manager of Smithfield Fiduciary LLC ("Smithfield") and consequently has
         voting control and investment  discretion over the ordinary shares held
         by Smithfield. Glenn Dubin and Henry Swieca control Highbridge. Each of
         Highbridge and Messrs.  Dubin and Swieca disclaims beneficial ownership
         of the shares held by Smithfield.

                                       20


                         SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Freely Tradable Shares--Registered Shares

Future sales of substantial amounts of our ordinary shares in the public market,
or the possibility of these sales occurring,  could adversely affect  prevailing
market  prices for our ordinary  shares or our future  ability to raise  capital
through an offering of equity securities.

As of December  31, 2002 we had  22,219,696  ordinary  shares  outstanding.  The
3,450,000  ordinary shares sold in our initial public offering in July 1999; the
1,344,086  ordinary shares and the 1,136,000 shares underlying a warrant held by
InfoSpace and Vulcan Ventures  registered in 2000 in a secondary  offering along
with the 707,965 ordinary shares we issued to Microsoft Corporation; the 315,789
shares we issued to Rideau  Ltd.,  a private  investor,  on June 30,  2001;  the
1,406,612  shares  registered  in  August  2001  in  a  secondary  offering  for
shareholders of Wingra, a former subsidiary of the Company; the 7,095,886 shares
registered  in May 2002 for  certain  selling  securityholders  under a  private
placement,  as identified in the Form F-3 relating thereto; the 8,793,564 shares
registered on November 3, 2003 for certain selling securityholders under the two
July 2003 private  placements,  as identified in the Form F-3 relating  thereto,
are all freely  tradable  in the public  market  without  restriction  under the
Securities Act,  unless the shares are held by  "affiliates" of the Company,  as
that term is defined in Rule 144 under the  Securities  Act.  In  addition,  the
11,345,358 shares under the Form F-3 filed  concurrently with the filing of this
F-3,  which  covers  shares  issued  or  issuable  under  the  convertible  loan
transaction  of January 2003 and  liquidated  damages paid under the two private
placements of July 2003, will also be freely tradable upon the SEC's declaration
of effectiveness.  Furthermore, 4,162,479 shares under this prospectus, relating
to shares issued or issuable under the Securities Purchase Agreement of November
26, 2003, will also be freely tradable  without  restriction,  unless  otherwise
indicated in the related prospectus supplement.

We have 3,684,211 shares remaining under a shelf Registration  Statement on file
with the SEC. All of the shares thereunder will be freely tradeable when, as and
if issued.

Freely Tradable Shares--Shares Under Employee Benefit Plans

On  January  20,  2000,  we filed a Form S-8  Registration  Statement  under the
Securities Act to register 5,250,000 ordinary shares issuable in connection with
option  exercises  and shares  reserved for  issuance  under all stock plans and
agreements as well as 150,000 ordinary shares under the Company's Employee Stock
Purchase  Plan which the Company may issue to  employees  from time to time.  On
July 20, 2001,  the Company  filed  another Form S-8  Registration  Statement to
register:  an  additional  250,000  of  our  ordinary  shares  approved  by  our
shareholders on August 10, 2000 for issuance under the Company's  director stock
option plan;  an  additional  79,156 shares  issuable  under our Employee  Stock
Purchase Plan; and 162,257 shares  underlying  options  issuable to employees of
Wingra  pursuant  to the terms of the  Wingra  merger  agreement  and the Wingra
Technologies,  LLC 1998 Unit Option Plan.  The Employee  Stock Purchase Plan was
since terminated in late 2001.

The Company issues  employee and director stock options from time to time.  Such
options are subject to vesting  periods  after which the shares may be resold by
the holders,  subject to Rule 144 limitations if the holder is an affiliate.  Of
12,854,644  options  issued in the  past,  as of  November  30,  2003  there are
5,439,486  options  outstanding,  with 2,383,528  option shares being vested and
unexercised and 1,642,301 options having been exercised.

On April 30, 2001 our Board of Directors approved the "repricing" of outstanding
stock options previously  granted to employees.  Previously granted options were
subsequently  cancelled and new options  issued with an exercise  price equal to
the $0.0125 per share par value of the shares.  Unexercised  options  subject to
the repricing  had an original  exercise  price of more than $10 per share.  The
replacement  options vest over three years with 1/3 vesting on February 15, 2002
and the remaining 2/3 vesting every six months for the following two years.  The
decreased  option  exercise  price is lower than the current market price of our
stock which may cause optionees to exercise  options and immediately  resell the
shares  received in the  exercise on the open market,  which may cause  downward
pressure on the price of the shares.  Options to purchase  1,521,988 shares were
covered by this repricing,  with 448,943 having been exercised and 561,486 still
exercisable as of November 30, 2003.

Warrants and Conversion Rights

Please  see Form 20-F for 2002  filed by the  Company  for  detail  relating  to
outstanding warrants and conversion rights granted in the past by the Company.

                                       21


Restricted Shares--Rule 144

The remaining  ordinary  shares  outstanding,  if any,  upon  completion of this
offering will be "restricted securities" as that term is defined under Rule 144.
We issued and sold  these  restricted  securities  in  private  transactions  in
reliance on exemptions from  registration  under the Securities Act.  Restricted
securities  may be sold in the public  market only if they are  registered or if
they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under
the Securities  Act, as summarized  below. We believe that the majority of these
shares may fulfill the requirements of Rule 144(k).

Most of the  restricted  shares are subject to certain  volume and other  resale
restrictions  pursuant  to Rule  144  because  the  holders  are  affiliates  of
Commtouch.  In general,  under Rule 144, an affiliate of Commtouch,  or a person
(including a group of related persons whose shares must be aggregated  under the
Rule) who has beneficially  owned restricted  shares for at least one year, will
be entitled to sell in any  three-month  period a number of shares that does not
exceed the greater of

         o    1% of the then outstanding ordinary shares (approximately  335,103
              shares immediately following completion of the offering), or

         o    the average  weekly  trading volume during the four calendar weeks
              preceding  the date on which  notice of the sale is filed with the
              Commission.

Sales  pursuant  to Rule 144 are  subject to certain  requirements  relating  to
manner of sale,  notice and  availability  of current public  information  about
Commtouch. A person who was not an affiliate of Commtouch for 90 days before the
sale and who has  beneficially  owned the shares for at least two years may sell
under Rule 144(k) without regard to the above limitations.

Additional Restrictions

In  addition  to the  restrictions  imposed  by  the  securities  laws,  670,180
restricted  shares were issued to certain  Commtouch  employees under agreements
which give Commtouch  Inc. a repurchase  option on any unvested  shares.  Due to
restrictions under Israeli law, the repurchase of these shares is unlikely.


                              PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

         We are  registering the ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of the
convertible  notes and upon  exercise  of the  warrants  to permit the resale of
these ordinary shares by the holders of the  convertible  notes and the warrants
from time to time after the date of this prospectus.  We will not receive any of
the  proceeds  from  the sale by the  Selling  Securityholders  of the  ordinary
shares.  We will  bear all fees  and  expenses  incident  to our  obligation  to
register the ordinary shares.

         The Selling  Securityholders  may sell all or a portion of the ordinary
shares  beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly
or through one or more  underwriters,  broker-dealers or agents. If the ordinary
shares  are  sold   through   underwriters   or   broker-dealers,   the  Selling
Securityholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or
agent's commissions. The ordinary shares may be sold in one or more transactions
at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying
prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.  These sales may
be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions,

         o    on any national  securities exchange or quotation service on which
              the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale;

         o    in the over-the-counter market;

         o    in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in
              the over-the-counter market;

         o    through the writing of options, whether such options are listed on
              an options exchange or otherwise;

         o    ordinary  brokerage  transactions  and  transactions  in which the
              broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

         o    block trades in which the  broker-dealer  will attempt to sell the
              shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block
              as principal to facilitate the transaction;

         o    purchases  by a  broker-dealer  as  principal  and  resale  by the
              broker-dealer for its account;

                                       22


         o    an  exchange  distribution  in  accordance  with the  rules of the
              applicable exchange;

         o    privately negotiated transactions;

         o    short sales;

         o    broker-dealers may agree with the selling  securityholders to sell
              a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

         o    a combination of any such methods of sale; and

         o    any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

         If the  Selling  Securityholders  effect such  transactions  by selling
ordinary  shares to or through  underwriters,  broker-dealers  or  agents,  such
underwriters,  broker-dealers  or agents may receive  commissions in the form of
discounts,  concessions  or  commissions  from the  Selling  Securityholders  or
commissions  from  purchasers  of the  ordinary  shares for whom they may act as
agent or to whom they may sell as principal  (which  discounts,  concessions  or
commissions as to particular  underwriters,  broker-dealers  or agents may be in
excess of those customary in the types of transactions  involved). In connection
with sales of the ordinary shares or otherwise,  the Selling Securityholders may
enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may in turn engage in
short sales of the ordinary  shares in the course of hedging in  positions  they
assume.  The Selling  Securityholders  may also sell  ordinary  shares short and
deliver ordinary shares covered by this prospectus to close out short positions.
The  Selling  Securityholders  may  also  loan  or  pledge  ordinary  shares  to
broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares.

         The Selling  Securityholders may pledge or grant a security interest in
some or all of the convertible notes,  warrants or ordinary shares owned by them
and,  if they  default in the  performance  of their  secured  obligations,  the
pledgees or secured  parties may offer and sell the ordinary shares from time to
time pursuant to this prospectus or any amendment to this prospectus  under Rule
424(b)(3)  or other  applicable  provision  of the  Securities  Act of 1933,  as
amended,  amending, if necessary, the list of Selling Securityholders to include
the   pledgee,   transferee   or  other   successors   in  interest  as  Selling
Securityholders  under this  prospectus.  The Selling  Securityholders  also may
transfer and donate the ordinary shares in other circumstances in which case the
transferees,  donees,  pledgees  or other  successors  in  interest  will be the
selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

         The Selling Securityholders and any broker-dealer  participating in the
distribution  of the ordinary shares may be deemed to be  "underwriters"  within
the meaning of the Securities Act, and any commission  paid, or any discounts or
concessions  allowed to, any such broker-dealer may be deemed to be underwriting
commissions  or  discounts  under the  Securities  Act. At the time a particular
offering of the ordinary shares is made, a prospectus  supplement,  if required,
will be distributed which will set forth the aggregate amount of ordinary shares
being offered and the terms of the offering,  including the name or names of any
broker-dealers   or  agents,   any  discounts,   commissions   and  other  terms
constituting  compensation from the Selling  Securityholders  and any discounts,
commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers.

         Under the securities  laws of some states,  the ordinary  shares may be
sold in such states only through  registered or licensed brokers or dealers.  In
addition,  in some states the ordinary shares may not be sold unless such shares
have been  registered or qualified  for sale in such state or an exemption  from
registration or qualification is available and is complied with.

         There can be no assurance that any Selling Securityholder will sell any
or all of the  ordinary  shares  registered  pursuant to the shelf  registration
statement, of which this prospectus forms a part.

         The Selling  Securityholders and any other person participating in such
distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended,  and the rules and regulations  thereunder,  including,
without limitation, Regulation M of the Exchange Act, which may limit the timing
of  purchases  and  sales  of  any  of  the  ordinary   shares  by  the  Selling
Securityholders  and any  other  participating  person.  Regulation  M may  also
restrict the ability of any person engaged in the  distribution  of the ordinary
shares  to engage in  market-making  activities  with  respect  to the  ordinary
shares. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the ordinary shares
and the  ability of any person or entity to engage in  market-making  activities
with respect to the ordinary shares.

                                       23


         We will pay all expenses of the  registration  of the  ordinary  shares
pursuant to the registration  rights  agreement,  as detailed below,  including,
without limitation,  Securities and Exchange Commission filing fees and expenses
of compliance with state securities or "blue sky" laws; provided,  however, that
a  Selling  Securityholder  will  pay all  underwriting  discounts  and  selling
commissions,  if any.  We will  indemnify  the Selling  Securityholders  against
liabilities,  including some liabilities under the Securities Act, in accordance
with the registration rights agreements,  or the Selling Securityholders will be
entitled to contribution.  We may be indemnified by the Selling  Securityholders
against civil liabilities,  including liabilities under the Securities Act, that
may  arise  from  any  written  information  furnished  to  us  by  the  Selling
Securityholder  specifically for use in this prospectus,  in accordance with the
related registration rights agreements, or we may be entitled to contribution.

         Once sold under the  registration  statement,  of which this prospectus
forms a part,  the  ordinary  shares  will be  freely  tradable  in the hands of
persons other than our affiliates.

Expenses Associated with Registration

We are paying  substantially  all of the  expenses of  registering  the ordinary
shares under the Securities Act and of compliance with blue sky laws,  including
registration and filing fees, printing and duplication expenses,  administrative
expenses,  our legal and accounting fees and the legal fees of counsel on behalf
of the Selling  Securityholders.  We estimate these expenses to be approximately
$69,196, which include the following categories of expenses:

         SEC registration fee ......................................... $   303*
         Printing and engraving expenses...............................       0
         Legal fees and expenses ......................................  11,000
         Accounting fees and expenses..................................   5,000
         Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses................  50,393
         Miscellaneous expenses........................................   2,500
                                                                         ------
         Total......................................................... $69,196

         *        This fee is being  offset  against  the filing fee  previously
                  paid for Registration No. 333-31836, which was withdrawn prior
                  to effectiveness.


                                  LEGAL MATTERS

Certain  legal  matters with respect to United  States law are being passed upon
for Commtouch by Bingham McCutchen LLP, San Francisco,  California which is also
a Selling  Securityholder in this offering.  The validity of the ordinary shares
offered  hereby is being passed upon for  Commtouch by Naschitz,  Brandes & Co.,
Tel-Aviv,  Israel. The partners of Naschitz, Brandes & Co. and Bingham McCutchen
LLP, respectively, and the firms themselves, beneficially own, in the aggregate,
15,000 and 246,576 outstanding shares of the Company, including upon exercise of
options, warrants or other derivative securities.

                                     EXPERTS

The Consolidated  Financial  statements of Commtouch  Software Ltd. appearing in
Commtouch  Software  Ltd's Annual Report (Form 20-F) for the year ended December
31, 2002, have been audited by Kost,  Forer & Gabbay,  a member of Ernst & Young
Global,  independent  auditors,  as set fourth in their report thereon  included
therein  and  incorporated  herein by  reference.  Such  consolidated  financial
statements  are  incorporated  herein by reference in reliance  upon such report
given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

                       WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed a  Registration  Statement on Form F-3 with the SEC for the shares
we are offering by this prospectus.  This prospectus does not include all of the
information  contained in the  Registration  Statement.  You should refer to the
Registration Statement and its exhibits for additional information.  Whenever we
make reference in this  prospectus to any of our contracts,  agreements or other
documents,  the references are not necessarily  complete and you should refer to
the exhibits  attached to the  Registration  Statement  for copies of the actual
contract, agreement or other document.

We are required to file annual and special  reports and other  information  with
the SEC. You can read our SEC filings,  including  the  Registration  Statement,
over the Internet at the SEC's web site at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read
and copy any document we file with the SEC at its public reference facilities at
450 Fifth Street,  NW,  Washington,  DC 20549. You may also obtain copies of the
documents at prescribed rates by writing to the Public Reference  Section of the
SEC at 450

                                       24


Fifth  Street,  NW,  Room 1024,  Washington,  DC 20549.  Please  call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330 for further  information on the operation of the public reference
facilities.

We are subject to certain of the informational requirements of the Exchange Act.
As a "foreign  private  issuer," we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange
Act  prescribing  certain  disclosure  and  procedural  requirements  for  proxy
solicitations and our officers,  directors and principal shareholders are exempt
from the reporting and  "short-swing"  profit recovery  provisions  contained in
Section 16 of the Exchange  Act,  with respect to their  purchases  and sales of
ordinary shares.  In addition,  we are not required to file quarterly reports or
to file annual and current reports and financial  statements with the Securities
and Exchange  Commission as frequently  or as promptly as U.S.  companies  whose
securities are  registered  under the Exchange Act.  However,  we intend to file
with the  Securities and Exchange  Commission,  within 180 days after the end of
each fiscal year, an annual report on Form 20-F containing  financial statements
that  will be  examined  and  reported  on,  with  an  opinion  expressed  by an
independent accounting firm, as well as quarterly reports on Form 6-K containing
unaudited financial  information,  within 60 days after the end of each calendar
quarter.


                      INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The  SEC  allows  us  to  "incorporate  by  reference"   information  into  this
prospectus.  This means that we can  disclose  important  information  to you by
referring  you to  another  document  filed  by us  with  the  SEC.  Information
incorporated  by reference is deemed to be part of this  prospectus,  except for
any information superseded by this prospectus or by information we file with the
SEC in the future.

The following documents are incorporated by reference:

(a) Our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002;

(b)  The  description  of our  ordinary  shares  contained  in the  Registration
Statement  under the  Exchange Act on Form 8-A as filed with the  Commission  on
June 25, 1999, and any  subsequent  amendment or report filed for the purpose of
updating this description.

In  addition,  all  subsequent  annual  reports  filed on Form 20-F prior to the
termination of this offering are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
Also, we may  incorporate by reference our future reports on Form 6-K by stating
in  those  Forms  that  they are  being  incorporated  by  reference  into  this
prospectus.

We will provide without charge to any person (including any beneficial owner) to
whom this prospectus has been delivered, upon oral or written request, a copy of
any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with
the prospectus  (except for exhibits to those documents unless a document states
that one of its  exhibits  is  incorporated  into  the  document  itself).  Such
requests  should be directed to Devyani  Patel,  Vice  President,  Finance,  c/o
Commtouch Inc.,  1300  Crittenden  Lane,  Suite 103,  Mountain View,  California
94043.   Our  corporate   website  address  is   http://www.commtouch.com.   The
information on our website is not intended to be a part of this prospectus.

                       ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

We are  incorporated  in  Israel,  and  many of our  directors  and  many of the
executive officers and the Israeli experts named herein are not residents of the
United States and  substantially  all of their assets and our assets are located
outside  the  United  States.  Service  of process  upon our  non-U.S.  resident
directors  and  executive  officers  or the  Israeli  experts  named  herein and
enforcement  of  judgments  obtained  in the United  States  against us, and our
directors and executive  officers,  or the Israeli experts named herein,  may be
difficult to obtain within the United  States.  Commtouch Inc. is the U.S. agent
authorized to receive service of process in any action against us arising out of
this offering or any related  purchase or sale of securities.  We have not given
consent for this agent to accept service of process in connection with any other
claim.

We have been informed by our legal counsel in Israel,  Naschitz,  Brandes & Co.,
that  there is doubt as to the  enforceability  of civil  liabilities  under the
Securities  Act or the Exchange Act in original  actions  instituted  in Israel.
However,  subject to certain time  limitations,  an Israeli  court may declare a
foreign civil judgment enforceable if it finds that:

         *        the judgment  was rendered by a court which was,  according to
                  the laws of the state of the  court,  competent  to render the
                  judgment,

         *        the judgment is no longer appealable,

                                       25


         *        the   obligation   imposed  by  the  judgment  is  enforceable
                  according  to the  rules  relating  to the  enforceability  of
                  judgments  in Israel and the  substance of the judgment is not
                  contrary to public policy, and

         *        the judgment is executory in the state in which it was given.

Even if the above conditions are satisfied,  an Israeli court will not enforce a
foreign  judgment  if it was given in a state  whose laws do not provide for the
enforcement of judgments of Israeli courts (subject to exceptional  cases) or if
its  enforcement is likely to prejudice the sovereignty or security of the State
of Israel. An Israeli court also will not declare a foreign judgment enforceable
if (i) the judgment was obtained by fraud, (ii) there was no due process,  (iii)
the judgment was rendered by a court not competent to render it according to the
laws of private  international  law in Israel,  (iv) the judgment is at variance
with another judgment that was given in the same matter between the same parties
and which is still  valid,  or (v) at the time the  action  was  brought  in the
foreign court a suit in the same matter and between the same parties was pending
before a court or tribunal in Israel.  Judgments rendered or enforced by Israeli
courts will generally be payable in Israeli currency.  Judgment debtors bear the
risk associated with converting  their awards into foreign  currency,  including
the risk of unfavorable exchange rates.

                                       26



                              FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

                                                                          Page
                                                                          ----

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets...................................   F-2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.........................   F-3
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows...................................   F-4
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements..............................   F-5


                                       F-1


                      CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
                               (USD in thousands)



                                                                  September 30,   December 31,
                                                                      2003           2002
                                                                  (Unaudited)
                                                                  -----------      ---------
                                                                             
Assets
Current Assets:
   Cash and cash equivalents .................................      $   2,653      $   1,388
   Trade receivables, net ....................................             --             64
   Prepaid expenses and other accounts receivable ............            229            231
                                                                    ---------      ---------
   Total current assets ......................................          2,882          1,683
                                                                    ---------      ---------
Long-term lease deposits .....................................              5              5
Equity investment in Imatrix .................................            284              3
Severance pay fund ...........................................            340            264
Property and equipment, net ..................................            569          1,029
                                                                    ---------      ---------
                                                                    $   4,080      $   2,984
                                                                    ---------      ---------
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Current Liabilities:
   Accounts payable ..........................................            421            338
   Employees and payroll accruals ............................            447            424
   Accrued expenses and other liabilities ....................            423            372
                                                                    ---------      ---------
   Total current liabilities .................................          1,291          1,134
                                                                    ---------      ---------
   Other liabilities .........................................            135            135
   Convertible loan, net .....................................            333             --
    Accrued severance pay ....................................            358            278
                                                                    ---------      ---------
                                                                          826            413
                                                                    ---------      ---------
Shareholders' Equity
   Ordinary Shares ...........................................            354            290
   Additional paid-in capital ................................        157,479        153,460
   Deferred stock compensation ...............................            (88)          (277)
   Notes receivable from shareholders ........................           (167)          (365)
   Accumulated deficit .......................................       (155,615)      (151,671)
                                                                    ---------      ---------
   Total shareholders' equity ................................          1,963          1,437
                                                                    ---------      ---------
                                                                    $   4,080      $   2,984
                                                                    =========      =========


The  accompanying  notes  are  an  integral  part  of the  interim  consolidated
financial statements.

                                       F-2



           CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
                  (USD in thousands, except per share amounts)



                                                              Three         Three         Nine            Nine
                                                              Months        Months        Months         Months
                                                              Ended         Ended         Ended           Ended
                                                             Sept. 30,     Sept. 30,     Sept. 30,       Sept. 30,
                                                               2003          2002          2003            2002
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
                                                                                             
Revenues .................................................   $     84      $    525      $    260        $  2,801

Cost of revenues .........................................        130           153           447           1,492
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
Gross profit (loss) ......................................        (46)          372          (187)          1,309
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
Operating expenses:
   Research and development, net .........................        387           621         1,095           1,724
   Sales and marketing ...................................        609           221         1,137             986
   General and administrative ............................        561           379         1,335           1,566
   Amortization of stock-based employee
      deferred compensation ..............................         63           138           189             414
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
   Total operating expenses ..............................      1,620         1,359         3,756           4,690
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
Operating loss ...........................................     (1,666)         (987)       (3,943)         (3,381)
   Interest and other expense, net .......................       (141)          (48)         (283)            (24)
   Equity  Income (Loss) .................................         44           (47)          282             (29)
   Minority interest .....................................         --            --            --              74
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
   Loss from continuing operations .......................     (1,763)       (1,082)       (3,944)         (3,360)
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
   Gain on disposal of Wingra ............................         --            --            --           1,014
   Discontinued operations - Wingra ......................         --            --            --            (335)
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
Income from sale of discontinued operations ..............         --            --            --             679
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
Net loss .................................................   $ (1,763)     $ (1,082)     $ (3,944)       $ (2,681)
                                                             ========      ========      ========        ========
Basic and diluted net loss per share
   Loss from continuing operations .......................   $  (0.07)     $  (0.05)     $  (0.17)       $  (0.16)
   Income from sale of discontinued operations ...........         --            --            --            0.03
                                                             --------      --------      --------        --------
   Net loss ..............................................   $  (0.07)     $  (0.05)     $  (0.17)       $  (0.13)
                                                             ========      ========      ========        ========
Weighted average number of shares used
   in computing basic and diluted net loss per share .....     24,997        22,199        23,173          20,380
                                                             ========      ========      --------        --------


The  accompanying  notes  are  an  integral  part  of the  interim  consolidated
financial statements.

                                       F-3


                CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
                               (USD in thousands)



                                                                                        Nine months   Nine months
                                                                                           ended         ended
                                                                                          Sept. 30,     Sept. 30,
                                                                                            2003          2002
                                                                                           -------       -------
                                                                                                   
Cash flows from operating activities:
   Net loss ..........................................................................     $(3,944)      $(2,681)
      Less loss for the period from discontinued operations ..........................          --           335
   Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in Operating activities:
      Depreciation and amortization ..................................................         460         1,458
      Amortization of stock-based employee deferred
         compensation and warrants issued for services received ......................         189           414
      Amortization of convertible loan discount related beneficial
         conversion feature and warrants fair value ..................................         167            --
      Loss from sale of property and equipment .......................................          --           183
      Gain from sale of discontinued operations ......................................          --        (1,014)
      Share of equity interest .......................................................        (282)           29
   Changes in assets and liabilities:
      Trade receivables, net .........................................................          64             5
      Prepaid expenses and other accounts receivable .................................           2           404
      Accounts payable ...............................................................          83          (889)
      Employee and payroll accruals, accrued expenses and other liabilities ..........          26          (769)
      Deferred revenues ..............................................................          48          (393)
      Accrued severance pay, net .....................................................           4           (75)
      Minority interest in losses of a consolidated subsidiary .......................          --           (74)
      Other ..........................................................................          (7)          358
                                                                                           -------       -------
Net cash used in operating activities ................................................      (3,190)       (2,709)
                                                                                           -------       -------
Cash flows from investing activities:
   Long-term lease deposits ..........................................................          --            85
   Sale of Wingra ....................................................................          --          (193)
   Sale of consolidated subsidiary ...................................................          --             1
   Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ......................................          --           549
                                                                                           -------       -------
Net cash provided by investing activities ............................................          --           442
                                                                                           -------       -------
Cash flows from financing activities:
   Repayment of note receivable by shareholder .......................................         198            21
   Proceeds from issuance of convertible loan ........................................       1,258            --
   Principal payment of capital lease ................................................          --           (40)
   Proceeds from issuance of shares, net .............................................       2,999         1,339
                                                                                           -------       -------
Net cash provided by financing activities ............................................       4,455         1,320
                                                                                           -------       -------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .....................................       1,265          (947)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period .............................       1,388         2,248
                                                                                           -------       -------
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period ...................................     $ 2,653       $ 1,301
                                                                                           =======       =======
Supplemental disclosure of non cash investing and financing activities:

Due to convertible loan discount related beneficial
         conversion feature and warrants fair value ..................................     $ 1,084


The  accompanying  notes  are  an  integral  part  of the  interim  consolidated
financial statements.

                                       F-4


The proceeds from the sale of Wingra,  for nine months ended  September 30, 2002
were as follows:

Tangible assets sold                               $   314
Liabilities transferred                             (1,521)
                                                   -------
Net liabilities transferred:                        (1,207)
Cash transferred:                                      193
                                                   -------
Gain from sale of Wingra                           $(1,014)

The proceeds from the sale of shares in consolidated  subsidiary (Commtouch K.K.
(Japan),  now known as Imatrix),  for nine months ended September,  2002 were as
follows:

Tangible assets                                    $   421
Liabilities                                           (267)
                                                   -------
Net assets transferred:                                154
Cash received:                                           1
                                                   -------
Loss from sale of
shares in previously consolidated subsidiary       $   153
                                                   -------

                                       F-5


NOTE 1: GENERAL

a. Commtouch Software Ltd.  ("Commtouch",  "the Company") was incorporated under
the laws of Israel in 1991.  Commtouch has five  subsidiaries:  Commtouch  Inc.,
Commtouch (UK) Ltd (dissolved  February 12, 2003),  Commtouch Latin America Inc.
(dissolved  during  2002),  Wingra,  Inc.  ("Wingra")  (sold  during  2002)  and
Commtouch K.K. (Japan)(now known as Imatrix) (majority owned during a portion of
2002, and in which Commtouch Software Ltd. currently holds a 32% interest).

The Company and its subsidiaries  develop and provide email anti-spam  solutions
to  enterprises.  Until  December  31,  2002,  the Company and its  subsidiaries
provided  email and  messaging  solutions,  to  customers  ranging  from service
providers to large and small  businesses,  who offered the  Company's  Web-based
email through their website to their end users.

In 2002, the Company sold its migration  service business and most of its hosted
email services and, while it initially  changed its focus to providing email and
messaging  solutions to service providers,  it subsequently ceased promoting its
email and messaging solutions and began  concentrating  solely on developing its
anti-spam solutions.

In consideration  of the sale of most of its hosted email services,  the Company
received up front  non-refundable  license fee and is entitled to royalties from
the sales to its past customers.  Royalties are paid according to the collection
from these customers.

For the  nine-months  ended September 30, 2003, 82% of the revenues were derived
from three  customers  (35% from  customer  A, 32% from  customer B and 15% from
customer C). For the  nine-months  ended September 30, 2002, 57% of the revenues
were derived from two customers (37% from customer A and 20% from customer B).

b. Basis of preparation:

The accompanying  unaudited interim consolidated  financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim
financial information.  Accordingly, they do not include all the information and
footnotes  required by generally  accepted  accounting  principles  for complete
financial statements. In the opinion of management,  all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring accruals)  considered necessary for a fair presentation have
been included.  Operating  results for the nine months ended September 30, 2003,
are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected
for the three months ended December 31, 2003.

The  balance  sheet at  December  31,  2002 has been  derived  from the  audited
financial  statements  at that date but does not include all of the  information
and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting  principles for complete
financial statements.

For further  information,  refer to the  consolidated  financial  statements and
footnotes  thereto  included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the
year ended December 31, 2002.

c. Discontinued operations

In November 2000, the Company acquired Wingra  Technologies Inc.  ("Wingra"),  a
provider of messaging integration and migration solutions for large enterprises.

In February 2002, the Company sold off its migration service  business,  Wingra,
to Wingra's  senior  management.  The results of  operations of Wingra have been
reclassified to discontinued operations in the Company's consolidated results of
operations of Commtouch as a result of the disposal transaction.



The gain from the sale of Wingra,  for nine months ended September 30, 2002 were
as follows:

Tangible assets:                                   $   314
Liabilities transferred                             (1,521)
                                                   -------
Net liabilities transferred:                        (1,207)
Cash transferred:                                      193
                                                   -------
Gain from sale of Wingra                           $ 1,014
                                                   =======

Summary  operating  results from the discontinued  operation for the nine months
ended September 2002 are as follows:

Revenues                                           $   157
Cost of revenues                                        76
                                                   -------
Gross profit                                            81
Operating expenses                                     416
                                                   -------
Operating loss                                     $  (335)
                                                   =======

NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have been prepared in accordance  with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP").

a. Use of Estimates:

The  preparation  of  consolidated   financial  statements  in  conformity  with
generally accepted  accounting  principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the amounts  reported in the consolidated  financial
statements  and  accompanying  notes.  Actual  results  could  differ from those
estimates.

b. Stock-Based Compensation:

The Company has elected to follow  Accounting  Principles  Board  Opinion No. 25
("APB 25")  "Accounting  for Stock Issued to Employees" and FASB  Interpretation
No. 44 "Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation," ("FIN
44") in accounting for its employee  stock option plans.  Under APB 25, when the
exercise  price of the  Company's  stock  options  equals or is above the market
value of the underlying  stock on the date of grant, no compensation  expense is
recognized.

As at the balance sheet date, the Company continues to apply APB 25. The Company
applies  the  disclosure  requirements  SFAS 148,  "Accounting  for Stock  Based
Compensation Transition and Disclosure" - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 123
("SFAS  148").  FAS 148 requires  new  disclosures  about the ramp-up  effect of
stock-based  employee  compensation  on reported  results.  The  Statement  also
requires  that those effects be disclosed  more  prominently  by specifying  the
form, content, and location of those disclosures.



Pro forma information under SFAS 123 are as follows:

                                                     Nine months    Nine months
                                                       ended           ended
                                                      Sept. 30,       Sept.30,
                                                        2003           2002
                                                      -------         -------
Net loss as reported ...........................      $(3,944)        $(2,681)

Add:
Stock based compensation expense
included in the determination
of net loss, as reported .......................          189             414

Deduct:
Stock based compensation expense
determined under fair value method
for all awards .................................         (687)         (3,167)
                                                      -------         -------
Pro forma net loss .............................      $(4,442)        $(5,434)
                                                      =======         =======
Pro forma basic and diluted
net loss per share .............................      $ (0.19)        $ (0.27)
                                                      =======         =======

The Company  applies SFAS 123 and Emerging  Issues Task Force 96-18  "Accounting
for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or
in Conjunction  with Selling,  Goods or Services" ("EITF 96-18") with respect to
options issued to  non-employees.  SFAS 123 requires use of an option  valuation
model  to  measure  the fair  value  of these  options  at the  grant  date.  In
accounting  for  warrants  granted to those  other than  employees,  the Company
applied the provisions of SFAS No. 123, and EITF 96-18.  The fair value of these
warrants was estimated at the grant date, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing
model.

c. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:

In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB  Interpretation No. 46,  "Consolidation of
Variable Interest Entities" (FIN 46). This interpretation of Accounting Research
Bulletin No. 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements", addresses consolidation of
variable interest  entities.  FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities
("VIE's") to be consolidated  by the primary  beneficiary if the entity does not
effectively disperse risks among the parties involved.  The provisions of FIN 46
are effective  immediately for those variable  interest  entities  created after
January 31,  2003.  The  provisions,  as amended,  are  effective  for the first
interim  or  annual  period  ending  after  March 15,  2004 for  those  variable
interests  held prior to  February  1, 2003.  While the  Company  believes  this
Interpretation  will not have a material  effect on its  financial  position  or
results of  operations,  it is  continuing to evaluate the effect of adoption of
this Interpretation.

NOTE 3: EQUITY INTEREST

At September  30, 2003 the Company  owned 32% of the equity and voting rights of
Commtouch,  K.K. (Japan) (now known as Imatrix).  During the third quarter ended
September 30, 2003, Commtouch recognized $44 as equity income of Imatrix .

NOTE 4: CONVERTIBLE LOAN

On January 29, 2003  Commtouch  entered into a Convertible  Loan  Agreement with
certain  lenders  according  to which the Company is entitled to receive up to a
maximum possible loan (the "Loan") amount of $1,258.  Through September 2003 the
Company has received the total Loan amount of $1,258 from the lenders.  The Loan
is to be repaid after three years, unless converted into Commtouch shares by the
lenders or a defined  event  triggering  early  repayment is met. The Loan bears
interest at a rate of ten percent per annum.  Furthermore,  the Loan's principal
and  interest  may be converted by the lenders into equity in the Company at any
time during the Loan term,  at a conversion  price of $0.25 per  ordinary  share
("Conversion  Price").  Warrants  exercisable for purchase of up to 5,000,000 of
the  Company's  ordinary  shares have been issued to the lenders  (based on such
Loan amounts  advanced divided by the Conversion  Price).  Each one-third of the
warrants are exercisable at prices per ordinary share of $0.25,  $0.33 and $0.50
respectively,  and the warrants are exercisable at any time within five years of
issuance.  Warrants shall also be issued on an annual basis for any  accumulated
interest on the Loan.




In accordance with APB No. 14 "Accounting  for Convertible  Debt and Debt Issued
with Stock Purchase Warrants" ("APB 14"),  Commtouch  allocated a portion of the
proceeds  to the  warrants,  based  on their  applicable  fair  values.  Amounts
allocated to the warrants  totaling $1,045,  were recorded as additional paid in
capital.

The  fair  value  of the  warrants  was  estimated  at the  grant  date  using a
Black-Scholes  option  pricing model with the following  assumptions:  risk-free
interest rate of 3.7%,  dividend yield of 0%, volatility factors of the expected
market price of the Commtouch  Ordinary  shares of 1.384 and an expected life of
five years.

In  accordance  with EITF 98-5,  "Accounting  for  Convertible  Securities  with
Beneficial  Conversion  Features or Contingent  Adjustable  Conversion  Rations"
("EITF  98-5"),  Commtouch  recorded  to  additional  paid in capital $39 as the
beneficial  conversation feature attributed to the convertibility feature of the
Loan.

Amounts reflecting the fair value of the warrants and the beneficial  conversion
feature of the Loan have been  recorded as discounts  on the Loan.  The discount
related to the warrants and the beneficial  conversion feature will be amortized
as financial expenses over the term of the Loan.

NOTE 5: LITIGATION

Class Action Litigation

Following  our  restatement  of revenues  for the first three  quarters of 2000,
several class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for
the  Northern  District  of  California  against  the Company and certain of our
officers and a director,  alleging violations of the antifraud provisions of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 arising from the Company's financial statements.
These lawsuits were consolidated into one action in late 2001.  Thereafter,  the
Company filed a Motion to Dismiss,  which was granted. The plaintiffs then filed
a second amended and  consolidated  complaint,  and our second motion to dismiss
was only partially accepted, with the end result being that the plaintiffs filed
a third  amended  and  consolidated  complaint.  We  (including  the  individual
defendants) filed an answer to that complaint,  and the case then moved into the
discovery stage, with the case being set for trial in January 2004. In May 2003,
a settlement  agreement was signed between the plaintiffs and defendants and the
court  thereafter  issued a  preliminary  order  approving the  settlement.  The
settlement  calls for the  payment of $15 million to the  plaintiffs,  with this
amount to be fully funded by the Company's  Directors and Officers  policy.  The
payment to  plaintiffs  under this  settlement  should not cause the Company any
financial  hardship.  On  September  24, 2003,  the court  entered a final order
approving the settlement and, as of such date, no class member had chosen to opt
out of the  settlement.  The  settlement  does not  contain  any  admissions  or
findings  of  wrongdoing  on the  part of the  defendants,  and we  continue  to
maintain that the Company and individual defendants acted properly at all times.

NOTE 6: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

The Company  conducts its business on the basis of one  reportable  segment (see
Note 1 for brief description of the Company's business).

Revenues from external customers:

                                            Nine months    Nine-months
                                              ended          ended
                                             Sept. 30,      Sept. 30,
                                                2003          2002
                                               ------        ------
Israel ...................................     $   18        $  220
U.S.A ....................................        224           946
Europe ...................................         --         1,154
Japan ....................................         18           417
Latin America ............................         --            64
                                               ------        ------
                                               $  260        $2,801
                                               ======        ======

The Company's long-lived assets are as follows:

                                            Nine-months        Year
                                               ended           ended
                                              Sept. 30,      December 31,
                                                2003            2002
                                               ------          ------
Israel ...................................     $  361          $  441
U.S.A ....................................        208             588
                                               ------          ------
                                               $  569          $1,029
                                               ======          ======


NOTE 7: LOSS PER SHARE:

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per
share:

1. Numerator:


                                                                                Nine months ended
                                                                                    Sept. 30,
                                                                              ---------------------
                                                                               2003           2002
                                                                              -------        ------
                                                                                    Unaudited
                                                                              ---------------------
                                                                                      
         Numerator for basic and diluted loss per share -

         Numerator for basic and Loss available to Ordinary shareholders      $(3,944)      $(2,681)
                                                                              =======       =======
2. Denominator (in thousands):

         Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share--
         Weighted average number of shares                                     23,173        20,380
                                                                              =======       =======


All  outstanding  stock  options  and  warrants  have  been  excluded  from  the
calculation  of the  diluted  loss per share  because  all such  securities  are
anti-dilutive for all periods  presented.  The total number of shares related to
outstanding  options and warrants  excluded from the calculations of diluted net
loss per share were  15,919,861  and 5,138,556  nine months ended  September 30,
2003 and September 30, 2002, respectively.

NOTE 8: SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:

a. In July 2003  Commtouch  entered  into a  private  placement  agreement  with
several existing and new investors.  Commtouch issued approximately 2.88 million
ordinary shares against the investment of $1,440, or $0.50 per ordinary share by
the  investors.  The  investors  also  received  warrants  to  purchase up to an
additional  1.44 million  ordinary  shares,  exercisable at a price of $0.50 per
share. The warrants are currently exercisable and expire in five years.

A private  placement was secured in late July 2003 from Israel Seed Partners,  a
major Israel venture capital group, Argos Capital  Management,  a New York based
hedge fund and a private individual investor. Commtouch issued 2,666,667 million
ordinary shares against the investment in the company by Israel Seed Partners of
$1,000,  Argos Capital of $500 and the individual investor of $100, or $0.60 per
ordinary  share.  The  investor  also  received  warrants  to  purchase up to an
additional  1.6 million  ordinary  shares,  exercisable  at a price of $0.65 per
share. The warrants are currently exercisable and expire in five years.

If the  registration  statement  is not  filed  in 60 days,  or does not  become
effective  in four  months or does not  remain  effective  for 36  months,  then
Commtouch may be required to pay investors a penalty. The penalty will be 5% per
month of the aggregate  purchase  price paid plus the spread between the warrant
exercise  price and the average  price for the Ordinary  Shares for each trading
day until the  registration  conditions  are  fulfilled.  The penalty is payable
either in cash or in  registered  ordinary  shares.  Also,  if the  registration
statement is not declared  effective by the SEC in 90 days,  the investors  will
have the right to register their shares on any registration  statements filed by
Commtouch  for corporate  financings.  On October 20, 2003 the Company filed the
registration  statement,  which  was  declared  effective  at the  beginning  of
November 2003. Due to a delay in filing,  the Company paid penalties in the form
of Ordinary Shares.

NOTE 9: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

a. In November 2003, the lenders under the convertible loan agreement of January
2003  decided  to  convert  their  three  year loan of $1.25  million  (with 10%
interest  accruing  annually)  to equity in  Commtouch.  Provided  that  certain
closing  conditions are attained,  the Company will receive an additional $1,017
from the  lenders  due to their  exercise  of  warrants  relating  to the  early
conversion of the debt to equity.




b. On November  26,  2003,  the  Company  signed on an  agreement  for a private
placement of $3 million in senior  convertible  notes and related  warrants to a
select group of  institutional  investors.  The notes mature in 3 years and bear
interest at a rate of 8% per annum.  The notes are  convertible  at any time, at
the lenders' option,  into Commtouch ordinary shares at a fixed conversion price
of $1.153.  The lenders will also receive  600,000  warrants  (constituting  20%
warrant coverage), exercisable within three year at the stated conversion price.
The lenders  have the option to loan the company  additional  monies of up to $3
million during a six month period as from the declaration of  effectiveness of a
registration  statement,  upon the same terms as the initial  loan.  The initial
closing  and  funding of the  transaction  is subject to the  conversion  of all
amounts  outstanding under the $1,250,000 in promissory notes issued pursuant to
the  Convertible  Loan Agreement  dated January 29, 2003 between the Company and
the lenders  thereto,  which the  Company  previously  reported.  The Company is
required to use its best  efforts to file a  registration  statement on Form F-3
covering the Ordinary  Shares  underlying  the notes and the warrants  within 10
days  from the  initial  closing  and  within 30 days  from the  closing  of any
additional  sale of notes,  and use its best  efforts to cause the  registration
statement to become  effective  within 90 days from those dates.  If the Company
fails to do so, then the Company will be required to pay to each noteholder cash
in an amount equal to the product of (i) the  aggregate  Principal (as such term
is defined in the notes issued in relation to the  agreement)  convertible  into
Conversion  Shares  included in such  registration  statement of such investor's
notes multiplied by (ii) the sum of (A) 0.02, if such registration  statement is
not filed by the applicable filing deadline, plus (B) 0.02, if such registration
statement is not declared  effective by the applicable  effectiveness  deadline,
plus (C) the product of (I) 0.00067 multiplied by (II) the sum of (x) the number
of days after the applicable filing deadline that the registration  statement is
not  filed  with the SEC,  plus (y) the  number  of days  after  the  applicable
effectiveness deadline that the registration statement is not declared effective
by the  SEC,  plus  (z)  the  number  of  days,  in  each  instance,  after  the
registration  statement  has  been  declared  effective  by the  SEC  that  such
registration  statement is not available  (other than during an allowable  grace
period)  for  the  sale  of all of the  registrable  securities  required  to be
included on such  registration  statement.  These payments will bear interest at
the rate of 1.5% per month until paid in full.

Our shareholders approved the transaction in a meeting on December 26, 2003.





                            4,162,479 Ordinary Shares

                             COMMTOUCH SOFTWARE LTD.



                             ----------------------

                                   PROSPECTUS

                             ----------------------



                                 _________, 2004





                                     PART II

                     INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Israeli  law  permits a  company  to insure  an  Office  Holder  in  respect  of
liabilities  incurred by him or her as a result of the breach of his or her duty
of care to the company or to another person, or as a result of the breach of his
or her fiduciary duty to the company, to the extent that he or she acted in good
faith and had  reasonable  cause to believe that the act would not prejudice the
company. A company can also insure an Office Holder for monetary  liabilities as
a result of an act or omission that he or she  committed in connection  with his
or her serving as an Office Holder.  Moreover, a company can indemnify an Office
Holder for any of the following  obligations or expenses incurred as a result of
an act or omission of such  persons in their  capacity  as Office  Holders:  (a)
monetary liability imposed upon him or her in favor of other persons pursuant to
a court judgment,  including a settlement or an arbitrator's  decision confirmed
by a court and (b) reasonable  litigation  expenses,  including attorneys' fees,
actually  incurred  by him or her or imposed  upon him or her by a court,  in an
action,  suit or  proceeding  brought  against him or her by or on behalf of the
company or other persons,  in connection  with a criminal  action in which he or
she was acquitted or in connection with a criminal action which does not require
criminal intent in which he or she was convicted.

Our Articles of Association  allow us to insure and indemnify  Office Holders to
the fullest extent  permitted by law provided such insurance or  indemnification
is approved in accordance with Israel's  Companies Law. The Company has acquired
directors' and officers' liability insurance covering the officers and directors
of the Company and its subsidiaries for certain claims. In addition, the Company
has entered  into an  undertaking  to  indemnify  the  directors  of the Company
subject to  certain  limitations,  as well as  Indemnification  and  Exculpation
Agreements,  and these  undertakings  and  agreements  have been ratified by our
shareholders.

Certain members of our management team are officers of our subsidiary, Commtouch
Inc.,  a  California  Corporation,  or reside in  California.  The  Articles  of
Incorporation  of Commtouch Inc.  provide that the liability of the directors of
the corporation  for monetary  damages shall be eliminated to the fullest extent
permissible  under  California  law and that the  corporation  is  authorized to
provide  for the  indemnification  of agents of the  corporation,  as defined in
Section  317 of the  California  General  Corporation  Law,  in  excess  of that
expressly permitted by Section 317 for breach of duty to the corporation and its
shareholders to the fullest extent permissible under California law.

With  respect to all  proceedings  other than  shareholder  derivative  actions,
Section 317 permits a California  corporation to indemnify any of its directors,
officers or other agents only if such person acted in good faith and in a manner
such person  reasonably  believed to be in the best interests of the corporation
and, in the case of a criminal  proceeding,  had no reasonable  cause to believe
the conduct of such person was unlawful.  In the case of derivative  actions,  a
California  corporation  may indemnify any of its directors,  officers or agents
only if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person  believed to
be in the best interests of the corporation and its  shareholders.  Furthermore,
in derivative  actions,  no indemnification is permitted (i) with respect to any
matter with respect to which the person to be  indemnified  has been held liable
to the corporation,  unless such  indemnification is approved by the court; (ii)
of amounts paid in settling or otherwise  disposing of a pending  action without
court  approval;  or (iii) of expenses  incurred in  defending a pending  action
which is settled or otherwise disposed of without court approval.  To the extent
that a director,  officer or agent of a corporation  has been  successful on the
merits in defense of any  proceeding for which  indemnification  is permitted by
Section 317, a corporation  is obligated by Section 317 to indemnify such person
against  expenses  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  in  connection  with the
proceeding.

Pursuant to the terms under which the ordinary shares were issued to the Selling
Securityholders, the Company has agreed to indemnify the Selling Securityholders
against such  liabilities as they may incur as a result of any untrue  statement
of a material fact in the  Registration  Statement,  or any omission  therein to
state a material fact necessary in order to make the  statements  made, in light
of  the  circumstances  under  which  they  were  made,  not  misleading.   Such
indemnification includes liabilities under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act,
state  securities laws and the rules  thereunder,  but excludes  liabilities for
statements or omissions that were based on  information  provided by the Selling
Securityholders,  as  to  which  the  Selling  Securityholders  have  agreed  to
indemnify the Company.

                                      II-1




Item 9. Exhibits.

The exhibits listed on the exhibit index to this filing are incorporated  herein
by reference.

Item 10. Undertakings.

(a) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

      (1) To file during any period in which  offers or sales are being made,  a
post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

           (i) to include any  prospectus  required  by Section  10(a)(3) of the
      Securities Act;

           (ii) to reflect in the  prospectus  any facts or events arising after
      the  effective  date of the  Registration  Statement  (or the most  recent
      post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate,
      represent  a  fundamental  change  in the  information  set  forth  in the
      Registration Statement.

           (iii) to include any material information with respect to the Plan of
      Distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any
      other material change to such information in the Registration Statement.

Provided,  however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) do not apply if the
information  required  to be  included in a  post-effective  amendment  by those
paragraphs  is  contained  in periodic  reports  filed with or  furnished to the
Commission  by the  Registrant  pursuant  to Section 13 or Section  15(d) of the
Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.

      (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the 1933 Act,
each such  post-effective  amendment  shall be  deemed to be a new  Registration
Statement relating to the securities  offered therein,  and the offering of such
securities  at that time shall be deemed to be the  initial  bona fide  offering
thereof.

      (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the
offering.

      (4) To file a post-effective  amendment to the  Registration  Statement to
include any financial  statements required by Item 8.A of Form 20-F at the start
of  any  delayed  offering  or  throughout  a  continuous  offering.   Financial
statements  and  information  otherwise  required  by  Section  10(a)(3)  of the
Securities Act need not be furnished,  provided that the Registrant  includes in
the prospectus,  by means of a post-effective  amendment,  financial  statements
required  pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other  information  necessary to
ensure that all other  information  in the  prospectus is at least as current as
the date of those  financial  statements.  Notwithstanding  the foregoing,  with
respect to Registration Statements on Form F-3, a post-effective  amendment need
not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section
10(a)(3)  of the  Securities  Act or  Item  8.A of Form  20-F if such  financial
statements  and  information  are  contained in periodic  reports  filed with or
furnished to the Commission by the Registrant  pursuant to Section 13 or Section
15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3.

(b)  The  undersigned   Registrant  hereby  undertakes  that,  for  purposes  of
determining  any liability  under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the
Registrant's  annual  report  pursuant to section  13(a) or section 15(d) of the
Securities  Exchange  Act of  1934  that is  incorporated  by  reference  in the
Registration  Statement  shall  be  deemed  to be a new  Registration  Statement
relating to the securities offered therein,  and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) Insofar as indemnification  for liabilities arising under the Securities Act
of 1933 may be permitted to directors,  officers and controlling  persons of the
Registrant pursuant to the foregoing  provisions,  or otherwise,  the Registrant
has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities  and Exchange  Commission
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act
and is, therefore,  unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against  such  liabilities  (other than  payment by the  Registrant  of expenses
incurred or paid by a director,  officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director,  officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter
has been  settled by  controlling  precedent,  submit to a court of  appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such  indemnification  by it is against public
policy as  expressed  in the  Securities  Act and will be  governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.

                                      II-2


                                   SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the  requirements  of the  Securities  Act of 1933,  the  Registrant
certifies  that it has  reasonable  grounds to believe  that it meets all of the
requirements  for  filing  on Form F-3 and has  duly  caused  this  Registration
Statement  to be  signed  on its  behalf  by  the  undersigned,  thereunto  duly
authorized,  in the city of Mountain View,  state of  California,  on January 6,
2004.


                                               COMMTOUCH SOFTWARE LTD.

                                               By: /s/ DEVYANI PATEL
                                                   ----------------------------
                                                   Devyani Patel
                                                   Vice President, Finance

Pursuant to the  requirements of the Securities Act of 1933,  this  Registration
Statement has been signed by the following  persons in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.



Name                                      Title                                                        Date
--------------------------------------    ---------------------------------------------------------    ------------------------
                                                                                                 
/s/ GIDEON MANTEL*                        Chief Executive Officer and Director                         January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------    (Principal Executive Officer)
Gideon Mantel


/s/ DEVYANI PATEL*                        Vice President, Finance                                      January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------    (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Devyani Patel


/s/ CAROLYN CHIN*                         Director, Chairman of the Board                              January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Carolyn Chin


/s/ AMIR LEV*                             Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Amir Lev


/s/ UDI NETZER*                           Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Udi Netzer


/s/ OFER SEGEV*                           Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Ofer Segev


/s/ RICHARD SORKIN*                       Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Richard Sorkin


/s/ NAHUM SHARFMAN*                       Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Nahum Sharfman


/s/ LLOYD E. SHEFSY*                      Director                                                     January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------
Lloyd E. Shefsky


*/s/ DEVYANI PATEL                        *Individually and as Attorney-in-fact and Authorized         January 6, 2004
--------------------------------------    U.S. Representative
Devyani Patel




                                  Exhibit Index


Exhibit Number                   Description of Document
--------------    --------------------------------------------------------------
     2.0          Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of November 26, 2003 by
                  and between  Commtouch  Software Ltd. and the Buyers listed on
                  the Schedule of Buyers thereto  (incorporated  by reference to
                  Exhibit 1 to Report of Foreign  Private Issuer on Form 6-K for
                  the month of November 2003 [File No. 000-26495]).

     5.1          Opinion of  Naschitz,  Brandes & Co.,  Israeli  counsel to the
                  Registrant,  as to certain  legal  matters with respect to the
                  legality of the shares.

    23.1          Consent  of Kost,  Forer &  Gabbay,  a Member of Ernst & Young
                  Global, independent auditors.

    23.2          Consent of Naschitz, Brandes & Co. (contained in Exhibit 5.1)

    23.3          Consent of Bingham McCutchen LLP.

    24.1          Power of Attorney  of  directors  and certain  officers of the
                  Registrant.